Uttara-khaṇḍa · Chapter 123
Sourceकार्तिकेय उवाच। भगवञ्च्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि व्रतानामुत्तमं व्रतम् । विधिं मासोपवासस्य फलं चास्य यथोदितम् १। यथाविधि नरैः कार्या व्रतचर्या यथा भवेत् । आरभ्यते यथापूर्वं समाप्यं हि यथाविधि २। यावत्संख्यं तु कर्तव्यं तत्प्रब्रूहि महेश्वर । व्रतमेतत्सुरश्रेष्ठ विस्तरेण ममानघ ३। श्रीरुद्र उवाच। साधु पावकि सर्वं ते यत्पृष्टं प्रब्रुवेऽनघ । भक्त्या मतिमतां श्रेष्ठ शृणुष्व गदतो मम ४। सुराणां च यथा विष्णुस्तपतां च यथा रविः । मेरुः शिखरिणां यद्वद्वैनतेयश्च पक्षिणाम् ५। तीर्थानां तु यथा गंगा प्रजानां तु यथा वणिक् । श्रेष्ठं सर्वव्रतानां तु तद्वन्मासोपवासनम् ६। सर्वव्रतेषु यत्पुण्यं सर्वतीर्थेषु चैव हि । सर्वदानोद्भवं चैव लभेन्मासोपवासकृत् ७। अग्निष्टोमादिभिर्यज्ञैर्विविधैर्भूरिदक्षिणैः । न तत्पुण्यमवाप्नोति यन्मासपरिलंघनात् ८। तेन जप्तं हुतं दत्तं तपस्तप्तं कृता स्वधा । यः करोति विधानेन नरो मासमुपोषणम् ९। उद्दिश्य वैष्णवं यज्ञं समभ्यर्च्य जनार्दनम् । गुरोराज्ञां ततो लब्ध्वा कुर्यान्मासोपवासनम् १०। वैष्णवानि यथोक्तानि कृत्वा सर्वव्रतानि तु । द्वादश्यादीनि पुण्यानि ततो मासमुपावसेत् ११। अतिकृच्छॄं च पाराकं कृत्वा चांद्रायणं ततः । मासोपवासं कुर्वीत ज्ञात्वा देह बलाबलम् १२। वानप्रस्थो यतिर्वापि नारी वा विधवा मुने । मासोपवासं कुर्वीतगुरोर्विप्राज्ञया ततः १३। आश्विनस्यामले पक्षे एकादश्यामुपोषितः । व्रतमेतत्तु गृह्णीयाद्यावत्त्रिंशद्दिनानि तु १४। वासुदेवं समभ्यर्च्य कार्तिकं सकलं नरः । मासं चोपवसेद्यस्तु स मुक्तिफलभाग्भवेत् १५। अच्युतस्यालये भक्त्या त्रिकालं कुमुदैः शुभैः । मालतींदीवरैः पद्मैः कमलैस्तु सुगंधिभिः १६। कुंकुमोशीरकर्पूरैर्विलिप्य वरचंदनैः । नैवेद्यधूपदीपाद्यैरर्चयेच्च जनार्दनम् १७। मनसा कर्मणा वाचा पूजयेद्गरुडध्वजम् । कुर्वन्नरस्त्रीविधवा बृहद्भक्तिर्जितेंद्रियः १८। नाम्नामेव तथालापं विष्णोः कुर्यादहर्निशम् । भक्त्या विष्णोस्तुतिर्वाच्या मिथ्यालापविवर्जिता १९। सर्वसत्वदयायुक्तः शांतवृत्तिरहिंसकः । सुप्तो बाह्यासनस्थो वा वासुदेवं प्रकीर्तयेत् २०। स्मृत्वालोकनगंधादि स्वादितं परिकीर्तितम् । अन्नस्य वर्जयेद्ग्रासं ग्रासानां सम्प्रमोक्षणम् २१। गात्राभ्यंगं शिरोभ्यंगं तांबूलं सविलेपनम् । व्रतस्थो वर्जयेत्सर्वं यच्चान्यच्च निराकृतम् २२। न व्रतस्थः स्पृशेत्किंचिद्विकर्मस्थं न चालयेत् । देवतायतने तिष्ठन्गृहस्थश्चाचरेद् व्रतम् २३। कृत्वा मासोपवासं तु यथोक्तविधिना नरः । नारी वा विधवा साध्वी वासुदेवं समर्चयेत् २४। अन्यूनाधिकमेवं तु व्रतं त्रिंशद्दिनैरिति । कृत्वा मासोपवासं तु संयतात्मा जितेंद्रियः २५। ततोऽर्चयेदेव पुण्यं द्वादश्यां गरुडध्वजम् । पूजयेत्पुष्पमालाभिर्गंधधूपविलेपनैः २६। वस्त्रालंकारवाद्यैश्च तोषयेदच्युतं नरः । संस्नापयेद्धरिं भक्त्या तीर्थचंदनवारिभिः २७। चंदनेनानुलिप्तांगं धूपपुष्पैरलंकृतम् । वस्त्रदानादिभिश्चैव भोजयित्वा द्विजोत्तमान् २८। दद्याच्च दक्षिणां तेभ्यः प्रणिपत्य क्षमापयेत् । विप्रान्क्षमापयित्वा तु विसृज्याभ्यर्च्य पूज्य च २९। एवं वित्तानुसारेण भक्तियुक्तेन शक्तितः । एवं मासोपवासान्हि कृत्वाभ्यर्च जनार्दनम् ३०। भोजयित्वा द्विजांश्चैव विष्णुलोके महीयते । एवं मासोपवासांते वृत्वा विप्रांस्त्रयोदश ३१। निर्यापयेत्ततस्तान्वै विधिना येन तच्छृणु । कारयेद्वैष्णवं यज्ञमेकादश्यामुपोषितः ३२। पूजयित्वा तु देवेशमाचार्यानुज्ञया हरिम् । अर्चयित्वा यथाशक्त्या ह्यभिवाद्य गुरुं तथा ३३। ततोनुभोजयेद्विप्रान्नमस्कारपुरःसरम् । विशुद्धकुलचारित्रान्विष्णुपूजनतत्परान् ३४। पूजयित्वा तथा सर्वान्भोजयित्वा त्रयोदश । तांबूलवस्त्रयुग्मानि भोजनाच्छादनानि च ३५। योगपट्टानि सूत्राणि ब्रह्मसूत्राणि चैव हि । दत्त्वा चैव द्विजाग्र्येभ्यः पूजयित्वा प्रणम्य च ३६। ततोनुपूजयेद्भक्त्या शय्यास्तरणसंस्कृताम् । साच्छादनां शुभां श्रेष्ठां सोपधानामलंकृताम् ३७। कारयित्वात्मनोमूर्तिं कांचनीं तु स्वशक्तितः । न्यसेत्तस्यां तु शय्यायामर्चयित्वा स्रगादिभिः ३८। आसनं पादुका छत्रं वस्त्रयुग्ममुपानहौ । पवित्राणि च पुष्पाणि शय्यायामुपकल्पयेत् ३९। एवं शय्यां तु संकल्प्य प्रणिपत्य च तान्द्विजान् । प्रार्थयेच्चानुमोदार्थं विष्णुलोकं व्रजाम्यहम् ४०। ततो व्रजेन्नरः प्रेष्ठं विष्णोः स्थानमनामयम् । मंडपस्थांस्तु तान्विप्रानिति वाच्यं मुहुर्मुहुः ४१। मंत्रहीनं भक्तिहीनं क्रियाहीनं द्विजोत्तमाः । सर्वं संपूर्णतां यातु भवद्वाक्यप्रसादतः । विधिर्मासोपवासस्य यथावत्परिकीर्तितः ४२। इति श्रीपाद्मे महापुराणे पंचपंचाशत्सहस्रसंहितायामुत्तरखंडे श्रीकृष्णसत्यभामासंवादे मासोपवासकथनंनाम त्रयोविंशत्यधिकशततमोऽध्यायः १२३।
kārtikeya uvāca| bhagavañcchrotumicchāmi vratānāmuttamaṃ vratam | vidhiṃ māsopavāsasya phalaṃ cāsya yathoditam 1| yathāvidhi naraiḥ kāryā vratacaryā yathā bhavet | ārabhyate yathāpūrvaṃ samāpyaṃ hi yathāvidhi 2| yāvatsaṃkhyaṃ tu kartavyaṃ tatprabrūhi maheśvara | vratametatsuraśreṣṭha vistareṇa mamānagha 3| śrīrudra uvāca| sādhu pāvaki sarvaṃ te yatpṛṣṭaṃ prabruve'nagha | bhaktyā matimatāṃ śreṣṭha śṛṇuṣva gadato mama 4| surāṇāṃ ca yathā viṣṇustapatāṃ ca yathā raviḥ | meruḥ śikhariṇāṃ yadvadvainateyaśca pakṣiṇām 5| tīrthānāṃ tu yathā gaṃgā prajānāṃ tu yathā vaṇik | śreṣṭhaṃ sarvavratānāṃ tu tadvanmāsopavāsanam 6| sarvavrateṣu yatpuṇyaṃ sarvatīrtheṣu caiva hi | sarvadānodbhavaṃ caiva labhenmāsopavāsakṛt 7| agniṣṭomādibhiryajñairvividhairbhūridakṣiṇaiḥ | na tatpuṇyamavāpnoti yanmāsaparilaṃghanāt 8| tena japtaṃ hutaṃ dattaṃ tapastaptaṃ kṛtā svadhā | yaḥ karoti vidhānena naro māsamupoṣaṇam 9| uddiśya vaiṣṇavaṃ yajñaṃ samabhyarcya janārdanam | gurorājñāṃ tato labdhvā kuryānmāsopavāsanam 10| vaiṣṇavāni yathoktāni kṛtvā sarvavratāni tu | dvādaśyādīni puṇyāni tato māsamupāvaset 11| atikṛcchṝṃ ca pārākaṃ kṛtvā cāṃdrāyaṇaṃ tataḥ | māsopavāsaṃ kurvīta jñātvā deha balābalam 12| vānaprastho yatirvāpi nārī vā vidhavā mune | māsopavāsaṃ kurvītagurorviprājñayā tataḥ 13| āśvinasyāmale pakṣe ekādaśyāmupoṣitaḥ | vratametattu gṛhṇīyādyāvattriṃśaddināni tu 14| vāsudevaṃ samabhyarcya kārtikaṃ sakalaṃ naraḥ | māsaṃ copavasedyastu sa muktiphalabhāgbhavet 15| acyutasyālaye bhaktyā trikālaṃ kumudaiḥ śubhaiḥ | mālatīṃdīvaraiḥ padmaiḥ kamalaistu sugaṃdhibhiḥ 16| kuṃkumośīrakarpūrairvilipya varacaṃdanaiḥ | naivedyadhūpadīpādyairarcayecca janārdanam 17| manasā karmaṇā vācā pūjayedgaruḍadhvajam | kurvannarastrīvidhavā bṛhadbhaktirjiteṃdriyaḥ 18| nāmnāmeva tathālāpaṃ viṣṇoḥ kuryādaharniśam | bhaktyā viṣṇostutirvācyā mithyālāpavivarjitā 19| sarvasatvadayāyuktaḥ śāṃtavṛttirahiṃsakaḥ | supto bāhyāsanastho vā vāsudevaṃ prakīrtayet 20| smṛtvālokanagaṃdhādi svāditaṃ parikīrtitam | annasya varjayedgrāsaṃ grāsānāṃ sampramokṣaṇam 21| gātrābhyaṃgaṃ śirobhyaṃgaṃ tāṃbūlaṃ savilepanam | vratastho varjayetsarvaṃ yaccānyacca nirākṛtam 22| na vratasthaḥ spṛśetkiṃcidvikarmasthaṃ na cālayet | devatāyatane tiṣṭhangṛhasthaścācared vratam 23| kṛtvā māsopavāsaṃ tu yathoktavidhinā naraḥ | nārī vā vidhavā sādhvī vāsudevaṃ samarcayet 24| anyūnādhikamevaṃ tu vrataṃ triṃśaddinairiti | kṛtvā māsopavāsaṃ tu saṃyatātmā jiteṃdriyaḥ 25| tato'rcayedeva puṇyaṃ dvādaśyāṃ garuḍadhvajam | pūjayetpuṣpamālābhirgaṃdhadhūpavilepanaiḥ 26| vastrālaṃkāravādyaiśca toṣayedacyutaṃ naraḥ | saṃsnāpayeddhariṃ bhaktyā tīrthacaṃdanavāribhiḥ 27| caṃdanenānuliptāṃgaṃ dhūpapuṣpairalaṃkṛtam | vastradānādibhiścaiva bhojayitvā dvijottamān 28| dadyācca dakṣiṇāṃ tebhyaḥ praṇipatya kṣamāpayet | viprānkṣamāpayitvā tu visṛjyābhyarcya pūjya ca 29| evaṃ vittānusāreṇa bhaktiyuktena śaktitaḥ | evaṃ māsopavāsānhi kṛtvābhyarca janārdanam 30| bhojayitvā dvijāṃścaiva viṣṇuloke mahīyate | evaṃ māsopavāsāṃte vṛtvā viprāṃstrayodaśa 31| niryāpayettatastānvai vidhinā yena tacchṛṇu | kārayedvaiṣṇavaṃ yajñamekādaśyāmupoṣitaḥ 32| pūjayitvā tu deveśamācāryānujñayā harim | arcayitvā yathāśaktyā hyabhivādya guruṃ tathā 33| tatonubhojayedviprānnamaskārapuraḥsaram | viśuddhakulacāritrānviṣṇupūjanatatparān 34| pūjayitvā tathā sarvānbhojayitvā trayodaśa | tāṃbūlavastrayugmāni bhojanācchādanāni ca 35| yogapaṭṭāni sūtrāṇi brahmasūtrāṇi caiva hi | dattvā caiva dvijāgryebhyaḥ pūjayitvā praṇamya ca 36| tatonupūjayedbhaktyā śayyāstaraṇasaṃskṛtām | sācchādanāṃ śubhāṃ śreṣṭhāṃ sopadhānāmalaṃkṛtām 37| kārayitvātmanomūrtiṃ kāṃcanīṃ tu svaśaktitaḥ | nyasettasyāṃ tu śayyāyāmarcayitvā sragādibhiḥ 38| āsanaṃ pādukā chatraṃ vastrayugmamupānahau | pavitrāṇi ca puṣpāṇi śayyāyāmupakalpayet 39| evaṃ śayyāṃ tu saṃkalpya praṇipatya ca tāndvijān | prārthayeccānumodārthaṃ viṣṇulokaṃ vrajāmyaham 40| tato vrajennaraḥ preṣṭhaṃ viṣṇoḥ sthānamanāmayam | maṃḍapasthāṃstu tānviprāniti vācyaṃ muhurmuhuḥ 41| maṃtrahīnaṃ bhaktihīnaṃ kriyāhīnaṃ dvijottamāḥ | sarvaṃ saṃpūrṇatāṃ yātu bhavadvākyaprasādataḥ | vidhirmāsopavāsasya yathāvatparikīrtitaḥ 42| iti śrīpādme mahāpurāṇe paṃcapaṃcāśatsahasrasaṃhitāyāmuttarakhaṃḍe śrīkṛṣṇasatyabhāmāsaṃvāde māsopavāsakathanaṃnāma trayoviṃśatyadhikaśatatamo'dhyāyaḥ 123|
English translation
Kārtikeya said :
1-3. O lord, I wish to listen to the vow which is best among the vows; so also the mode of observing the fast for a month and the fruit of it as is told; and also how the vow is to be commenced, and how it is to be duly completed. O lord, tell me in detail the number (of days) for which this vow is to be observed, O best of the gods.
Śrī Rudra said :
4-17. Well, O kārtikeya , hear from me who am telling you, all that you have devoutly asked, O best among the intelligent. As Viṣṇu is among gods, as the Sun is among the shining ones, as Meru is among mountains, and Garuḍa among birds, as Gaṅgā is among holy places, as the trader is among the subjects, so is this fast for a month the best of all vows. He who observes the fast for a month would obtain the merit of all vows, and all holy places, and the fruit due to all gifts. A man does obtain that merit by means of sacrifices like Agniṣṭoma (performed) with profuse gifts, which he obtains by fasting for a month. A man who duly observes the fast for a month, has (indeed) muttered (hymns), has offered oblations into fire, has given (gifts), has practised penance, and performed svadhā (i.e. pleased his dead ancestors by offering them oblations). Dedicating a sacrifice to Viṣṇu, and having worshipped him, and having secured his preceptor’s order, he should fast for a month. Having observed all the auspicious vows as prescribed for the devotee of Viṣṇu, such as Dvādaśī, he should then observe the fast for a month. Having observed Atikṛcchra, Pārāka and Cāndrāyaṇa (vows) he, considering his physical strength and weakness, should observe the fast for a month. An anchorite or an ascetic or a widow should observe the fast for a month with the preceptor’s— brāhmaṇa ’s—order. Having bathed and fasted on the eleventh of Āśvina , he should take up this vow for thirty days. That man who, worshipping Viṣṇu, would fast for the entire month of Kārtika , would enjoy the fruit of salvation. In the temple of Viṣṇu he should devoutly worship Viṣṇu three times (a day) with jasmine flowers, blue lotuses, lilies and lotuses, camphor and besmearing (the image) with saffron, sandal, and excellent sandal, (should worship him) with offerings of eatables, incense and lights.
18-29. A man, a woman or a widow, having great devotion and with his senses conquered, should worship the Garuḍa-bannered (god Viṣṇu) with mind, deeds and words, and should day and night utter the names of Viṣṇu. He should devoutly and without false words utter Viṣṇu’s praise. Full of compassion for all beings, of a tranquil temperament, harmless, sleeping and sitting on a seat outside, he should narrate (the praise of) Viṣṇu. He should avoid thinking, seeing, enjoying fragrant articles, and talking of food, and should give up (taking) morsels. He should avoid smearing his body with oil, smearing his head with oil, (chewing) tāmbūla , smearing his body when he is observing the vow, and should avoid everything that is prohibited. While observing the vow he should not touch anything and should not disturb anyone doing a deed. A householder, remaining in a temple, should certainly observe the vow. A man, a good woman or a widow, having duly observed the fast for a month, should worship Viṣṇu properly. With his mind controlled and senses conquerred, he should observe this vow without anything wanting or additional for thirty days, and should observe the fast for a month, and then on the Dvādaśī (day) he should worship the auspicious Garuḍa-bannered (god). He should worship him with garlands of flowers, sandal, incense, and by besmearing (his image). A man should please Viṣṇu with clothes, ornaments, and (by playing upon) musical instruments. With water from holy places and mixed with sandal he should devoutly bath the image of Viṣṇu. He should (worship) the image besmeared with sandal, and adorneed with incense and flowers. Having fed best brāhmaṇas and pleased them with dakṣiṇā (i.e. presents), and saluting them he should apologise to them. Having apologised to the brāhmaṇas, he should dismiss them after having honoured and worshipped them.
30-42. In this way having observed the fast for a month and worshipped Viṣṇu according to his monetary capacity, with devotion, and having fed the brāhmaṇas according to his capacity he is honoured in the heaven of Viṣṇu. Now listen to the manner in which at the end of the fast for a month, having chosen thirteen brāhmaṇas, he should dismiss them. Observing a fast on the Ekādaśī day, he should perform a sacrifice (in honour) of Viṣṇu. Having, with the consent of his preceptor, worshipped the lord of gods, and having, according to his capacity, honoured his preceptor, he should salute his preceptor. Then he should feed after saluting the brāhmaṇas of a pure character and family and greatly devoted to worshipping Viṣṇu. Then having worshipped and fed all the brāhmaṇas and having given the best brāhmaṇas tāmbūlas , pairs of garments, food and coverings, so also yogapaṭṭas (i.e. cloths thrown over the back and knees of ascetics during abstract meditation), threads and sacred threads and then having saluted them, he should devoutly honour them. He should prepare a bed furnished with a cover, well-covered, beautiful, excellent, with pillows and decorated. Then, having according to his capacity, got fashioned his (i.e. Viṣṇu’s) golden image, he should put it on the bed after worshipping it with garlands etc. On the bed he should put a seat, wooden sandals, an umbrella, a pair of garments and shoes, and pure flowers. Having thus made the bed, and having saluted those brāhmaṇas, he should request the brāhmaṇas for their consent and say: “I am going to Viṣṇu’s world.” Then the best man would go to Viṣṇu’s healthy abode. He should repeatedly say to the brāhmaṇas seated in the pavilion: “O best brāhmaṇas, may all that is without the (proper) hymns and (proper) acts, be fully accomplished due to the favour of your words.” I have (thus) properly told (you) the manner of (observing) the vow of the fast for a month.
Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 44688, revision 333882 (2022-03-19T00:45:44Z). English is N. A. Deshpande’s complete translation, controlled against its chapter page at https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-padma-purana/d/doc365702.html and the ten-volume archival witness. The witnesses are aligned at chapter level; no unsupported verse-by-verse equivalence is asserted.