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Brahma-khaṇḍa · Chapter 26

Chapter 26

Unit 295 of 693Brahma-khaṇḍa · Chapter 26Brahma-khaṇḍa · Chapter 261 source entries

Brahma-khaṇḍa · Chapter 26

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शौनक उवाच। श्रोतुमिच्छामि ते प्राज्ञ कथयस्व समूलकम् । प्रतिज्ञापालने पुण्यं खंडने किं च किल्बिषम् १। अनृते शपथे किं वा सत्ये किंचिद्भवेन्मुने । दक्षिणं किंकरं दत्वा कृपां कृत्वा कृपार्णव २। सूत उवाच। शृणुष्व मुनिशार्दूल कथयामि समूलतः । वैष्णवानां त्वमग्र्योऽसि सर्वलोकहिते रतः ३। धेनूनां तु शतं दत्त्वा यत्फलं लभते नरः । तस्मात्कोटिगुणं पुण्यं प्रतिज्ञापालने द्विज ४। प्रतिज्ञाखंडनान्मूढो निरयं याति दारुणम् । शतमन्वंतरं यावत्पच्यते नात्र संशयः ५। ततोऽत्र जन्म चासाद्य निर्धनस्य निकेतने । अन्नवस्त्रैर्विहीनः स्या क्लेशी चापि स्वकर्मणा ६। सत्येन शपथं कुर्याद्देवाग्निगुरुसन्निधौ । तावद्दहति वै गात्रं विष्णोर्वंशो न लुप्यते ७। मिथ्यायां शपथे विप्र किमहं वच्मि सांप्रतम् । शतमन्वंतरं विप्र निरयं मिथ्यया किमु ८। निर्माल्यं श्रीहरेः स्पृष्ट्वा सत्येन मुनिपुंगव । गृहीत्वा पुरुषान्सप्त पच्यते निरये चिरम् ९। कदाचिज्जन्म संप्राप्य कुष्ठी च प्रतिजन्मनि । सत्येनैवं भवेद्विप्र अनृते वै किमुच्यते १०। यो मर्त्यो दक्षिणं दत्वा करं तत्प्रतिपाल्यते । तस्य प्राप्तिर्भवेत्कृष्णः सत्यं सत्यं वदाम्यहम् ११। करं दत्त्वा तु यो मर्त्यो वचनस्य च पालनम् । तावन्न कुर्यात्पितरः प्राप्नुवंति च यातनाम् १२। स्वयं तु मुनिशार्दूल निरयं चातिदारुणम् । उद्धारं कोटिपुरुषैर्मृतो याति न संशयः १३। शौनक उवाच। कृष्णप्राप्तिः पुरा कस्य करस्य प्रतिपालनात् । दक्षिणस्य मुने ब्रूहि श्रोतुमिच्छामि सादरात् १४। सूत उवाच। पुरा किंचित्पुरे शूद्रो नाम्नासीद्वीरविक्रमः । बह्वाशी पृथुलांगश्च बहुवक्तातिसुंदरः १५। धनवान्पुत्रवान्सभ्यो विद्वान्सर्वजनप्रियः । विप्राणामतिथीनां च पूजकः सर्वदैव तु १६। पितृभक्तो द्विजश्रेष्ठ प्रतिज्ञापालकः सदा । वाचां गुरुजनानां च पालको हरिसेवकः १७। एकदा सुंदरो गेहं श्वपचस्तस्य छद्मना । प्राप्तो धृत्वा ब्राह्मणस्य रूपं वै तरुणः सुधीः १८। ब्राह्मण उवाच। शृणु मे वचनं धीर मम जाया मृता शुभा । किं करोमि क्व गच्छामि कथयाद्यानुकंपया १९। विवाहं यो जनः कुर्याद्ब्राह्मणं च विशेषतः । किं च दानैः किं च तीर्थैः किं यज्ञैर्व्रतकोटिभिः २०। इति श्रुत्वा त्वसौ विप्रं चोक्तवान्वीरविक्रमः । शृणु मे वचनं ब्रह्मन्बालास्ति मम कन्यका २१। यदिच्छा ते भवेद्विप्र दास्यामि विधिपूर्वकम् । नय मे दक्षिणं हस्तं दास्यामि चान्यथा नहि २२। तस्यैतद्वचनं श्रुत्वा जग्राह दक्षिणं करम् । श्वपचो हर्षयुक्तो वै प्रोवाच वचनं त्विति २३। ब्राह्मण उवाच। कृत्वा शुभ क्षणं मह्यं देहि कन्यां शुभान्विताम् । विलंबे बहुविघ्नं स्यादिति शास्त्रेषु निश्चितम् २४। वीरविक्रम उवाच। तुभ्यं श्वः कन्यकां ब्रह्मन्दास्यामि नास्ति चान्यथा । दक्षिणं च करं दत्वा न कुर्यात्पुरुषाधमः २५। सूत उवाच। ब्राह्मणं कृष्णशर्माणं चाहूयाकथयन्मुने । पुरोहितमिदं सर्वं प्रोवाच संविदं द्विज २६। कथं विप्राय ते कन्यां शूद्राय दातुमिच्छसि । अज्ञातायाकुलीनाय न ददस्व विशेषतः २७। ऊचुस्तज्जातयः सर्वे जनकाद्यास्तपोधन । अस्माकं वचनं तात शृणुष्व वीरविक्रम २८। न ज्ञायते कुलं यस्य देशगोत्रधनं तथा । शीलं वयस्तस्य कन्या स्वजनैर्न च दीयते २९। स उवाच द्विजश्रेष्ठ दत्तं मे दक्षिणं करम् । कदाचिदन्यथाकर्तुं न शक्नोमि च सर्वथा ३०। इत्युक्त्वा तान्स विप्राय कन्यां दातुं प्रचक्रमे । दृष्ट्वेति ज्ञातयः सर्वे विस्मयमद्भुतं ययुः ३१। सत्यं तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा शंखचक्रगदाधरः । आविर्बभूव सहसा चारुह्य गरुडं मुने ३२। श्रीभगवानुवाच। धन्यं ते च कुलं धर्मोधन्यस्ते जननी पिता । धन्यं ते वचनं सत्यं धन्यं ते दक्षिणं करम् ३३। धन्यं कर्म्म च ते जन्म त्रैलोक्ये नैव विद्यते । एवं ते कर्मणा साधो चोद्धारं कुरुषे कुलम् ३४। सूत उवाच। एवं ब्रुवति श्रीकृष्णे विमानं स्वर्णनिर्मितम् । आगतं हरिगणैर्युक्तं सर्वत्र गरुडध्वजम् ३५। सर्वं तस्य कुलं ब्रह्मन्स श्वपाकपुरोहितम् । रथे चारोपयामास शंखपद्मधरः स्वयं ३६। गृहीत्वा तान्हरिः सर्वान्गतो वैकुंठमंदिरम् । तत्र तस्थौ चिरं ते च कृत्वा भोगं सुदुर्ल्लभम् ३७। वचनं लंघयेद्यस्तु यस्तु वा दक्षिणं करम् । सकुलो निरयं याति सत्यं सत्यं वदाम्यहम् ३८। तस्यान्नं तु जलं ब्रह्मन्न ग्राह्यं पितृदैवतैः । त्यक्त्वा धर्मो गृहं तस्य भीत्या याति द्विजोत्तम ३९। दत्वाशां यो जनः कुर्यान्नैराश्यं चैव मूढधीः । स स्वकान्कोटिपुरुषान्गृहीत्वा नरकं व्रजेत् ४०। वचनं लंघयेद्यस्तु धर्मस्तस्य विलंघति । नृपाग्नितस्करैर्विप्र सत्यं सत्यं सुनिश्चितम् ४१। स्वर्गोत्तरमिमं सम्यक्श्रुत्वा स्वर्गोत्तरं व्रजेत् । जीवन्मुक्तस्त्विहामुत्र कृष्णाख्यं धाम चोत्तमम् ४२। इति श्रीपाद्मे महापुराणे ब्रह्मखंडे सूतशौनकसंवादे षडिंवशतितमोऽध्यायः २६।

śaunaka uvāca| śrotumicchāmi te prājña kathayasva samūlakam | pratijñāpālane puṇyaṃ khaṃḍane kiṃ ca kilbiṣam 1| anṛte śapathe kiṃ vā satye kiṃcidbhavenmune | dakṣiṇaṃ kiṃkaraṃ datvā kṛpāṃ kṛtvā kṛpārṇava 2| sūta uvāca| śṛṇuṣva muniśārdūla kathayāmi samūlataḥ | vaiṣṇavānāṃ tvamagryo'si sarvalokahite rataḥ 3| dhenūnāṃ tu śataṃ dattvā yatphalaṃ labhate naraḥ | tasmātkoṭiguṇaṃ puṇyaṃ pratijñāpālane dvija 4| pratijñākhaṃḍanānmūḍho nirayaṃ yāti dāruṇam | śatamanvaṃtaraṃ yāvatpacyate nātra saṃśayaḥ 5| tato'tra janma cāsādya nirdhanasya niketane | annavastrairvihīnaḥ syā kleśī cāpi svakarmaṇā 6| satyena śapathaṃ kuryāddevāgnigurusannidhau | tāvaddahati vai gātraṃ viṣṇorvaṃśo na lupyate 7| mithyāyāṃ śapathe vipra kimahaṃ vacmi sāṃpratam | śatamanvaṃtaraṃ vipra nirayaṃ mithyayā kimu 8| nirmālyaṃ śrīhareḥ spṛṣṭvā satyena munipuṃgava | gṛhītvā puruṣānsapta pacyate niraye ciram 9| kadācijjanma saṃprāpya kuṣṭhī ca pratijanmani | satyenaivaṃ bhavedvipra anṛte vai kimucyate 10| yo martyo dakṣiṇaṃ datvā karaṃ tatpratipālyate | tasya prāptirbhavetkṛṣṇaḥ satyaṃ satyaṃ vadāmyaham 11| karaṃ dattvā tu yo martyo vacanasya ca pālanam | tāvanna kuryātpitaraḥ prāpnuvaṃti ca yātanām 12| svayaṃ tu muniśārdūla nirayaṃ cātidāruṇam | uddhāraṃ koṭipuruṣairmṛto yāti na saṃśayaḥ 13| śaunaka uvāca| kṛṣṇaprāptiḥ purā kasya karasya pratipālanāt | dakṣiṇasya mune brūhi śrotumicchāmi sādarāt 14| sūta uvāca| purā kiṃcitpure śūdro nāmnāsīdvīravikramaḥ | bahvāśī pṛthulāṃgaśca bahuvaktātisuṃdaraḥ 15| dhanavānputravānsabhyo vidvānsarvajanapriyaḥ | viprāṇāmatithīnāṃ ca pūjakaḥ sarvadaiva tu 16| pitṛbhakto dvijaśreṣṭha pratijñāpālakaḥ sadā | vācāṃ gurujanānāṃ ca pālako harisevakaḥ 17| ekadā suṃdaro gehaṃ śvapacastasya chadmanā | prāpto dhṛtvā brāhmaṇasya rūpaṃ vai taruṇaḥ sudhīḥ 18| brāhmaṇa uvāca| śṛṇu me vacanaṃ dhīra mama jāyā mṛtā śubhā | kiṃ karomi kva gacchāmi kathayādyānukaṃpayā 19| vivāhaṃ yo janaḥ kuryādbrāhmaṇaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ | kiṃ ca dānaiḥ kiṃ ca tīrthaiḥ kiṃ yajñairvratakoṭibhiḥ 20| iti śrutvā tvasau vipraṃ coktavānvīravikramaḥ | śṛṇu me vacanaṃ brahmanbālāsti mama kanyakā 21| yadicchā te bhavedvipra dāsyāmi vidhipūrvakam | naya me dakṣiṇaṃ hastaṃ dāsyāmi cānyathā nahi 22| tasyaitadvacanaṃ śrutvā jagrāha dakṣiṇaṃ karam | śvapaco harṣayukto vai provāca vacanaṃ tviti 23| brāhmaṇa uvāca| kṛtvā śubha kṣaṇaṃ mahyaṃ dehi kanyāṃ śubhānvitām | vilaṃbe bahuvighnaṃ syāditi śāstreṣu niścitam 24| vīravikrama uvāca| tubhyaṃ śvaḥ kanyakāṃ brahmandāsyāmi nāsti cānyathā | dakṣiṇaṃ ca karaṃ datvā na kuryātpuruṣādhamaḥ 25| sūta uvāca| brāhmaṇaṃ kṛṣṇaśarmāṇaṃ cāhūyākathayanmune | purohitamidaṃ sarvaṃ provāca saṃvidaṃ dvija 26| kathaṃ viprāya te kanyāṃ śūdrāya dātumicchasi | ajñātāyākulīnāya na dadasva viśeṣataḥ 27| ūcustajjātayaḥ sarve janakādyāstapodhana | asmākaṃ vacanaṃ tāta śṛṇuṣva vīravikrama 28| na jñāyate kulaṃ yasya deśagotradhanaṃ tathā | śīlaṃ vayastasya kanyā svajanairna ca dīyate 29| sa uvāca dvijaśreṣṭha dattaṃ me dakṣiṇaṃ karam | kadācidanyathākartuṃ na śaknomi ca sarvathā 30| ityuktvā tānsa viprāya kanyāṃ dātuṃ pracakrame | dṛṣṭveti jñātayaḥ sarve vismayamadbhutaṃ yayuḥ 31| satyaṃ tadvacanaṃ śrutvā śaṃkhacakragadādharaḥ | āvirbabhūva sahasā cāruhya garuḍaṃ mune 32| śrībhagavānuvāca| dhanyaṃ te ca kulaṃ dharmodhanyaste jananī pitā | dhanyaṃ te vacanaṃ satyaṃ dhanyaṃ te dakṣiṇaṃ karam 33| dhanyaṃ karmma ca te janma trailokye naiva vidyate | evaṃ te karmaṇā sādho coddhāraṃ kuruṣe kulam 34| sūta uvāca| evaṃ bruvati śrīkṛṣṇe vimānaṃ svarṇanirmitam | āgataṃ harigaṇairyuktaṃ sarvatra garuḍadhvajam 35| sarvaṃ tasya kulaṃ brahmansa śvapākapurohitam | rathe cāropayāmāsa śaṃkhapadmadharaḥ svayaṃ 36| gṛhītvā tānhariḥ sarvāngato vaikuṃṭhamaṃdiram | tatra tasthau ciraṃ te ca kṛtvā bhogaṃ sudurllabham 37| vacanaṃ laṃghayedyastu yastu vā dakṣiṇaṃ karam | sakulo nirayaṃ yāti satyaṃ satyaṃ vadāmyaham 38| tasyānnaṃ tu jalaṃ brahmanna grāhyaṃ pitṛdaivataiḥ | tyaktvā dharmo gṛhaṃ tasya bhītyā yāti dvijottama 39| datvāśāṃ yo janaḥ kuryānnairāśyaṃ caiva mūḍhadhīḥ | sa svakānkoṭipuruṣāngṛhītvā narakaṃ vrajet 40| vacanaṃ laṃghayedyastu dharmastasya vilaṃghati | nṛpāgnitaskarairvipra satyaṃ satyaṃ suniścitam 41| svargottaramimaṃ samyakśrutvā svargottaraṃ vrajet | jīvanmuktastvihāmutra kṛṣṇākhyaṃ dhāma cottamam 42| iti śrīpādme mahāpurāṇe brahmakhaṃḍe sūtaśaunakasaṃvāde ṣaḍiṃvaśatitamo'dhyāyaḥ 26|

English translation

Śaunaka said :

1-2. O wise one, I desire to hear, (therefore) tell me fully what the religious merit there is in keeping a promise, and what the sin is in breaking it. O you ocean of compassion, (tell me) what would happen if one takes a false oath or a true one, and by one's offering one’s right hand or favouring (someone).

Sūta said :

3-13. O best sage, listen, I am telling it from the beginning. You are the foremost among Viṣṇu ’s devotees and are engaged in the good of all people. O brāhmaṇa , the merit in (i.e. due to) keeping a promise is a crore times greater than the fruit which a man obtains by giving a hundred cows. There is no doubt that a fool by breaking his promise goes to a terrible hell and is roasted there for a hundred periods of Manu . Then due to his own deeds he obtains birth (i.e. is born) on the earth in the house of a poor person, and bereft of food and garments he is afflicted. One should take an oath truthfully in the vicinity of a deity, fire, or one’s preceptor. Till that time the body is burnt; but the family of Viṣṇu is not lost (i.e. continues). O brāhmaṇa, what should I now say about a false oath? O brāhmaṇa, a man (lives) in hell for a hundred periods of Manu due to a false promise. O best sage, he who touches the flowers taken off after Viṣṇu’s worship and takes a truthful oath (but does not keep it), is roasted, taking with him seven members (of his family), in hell for a long time. If by chance he gets a birth, then in every existence (he becomes) a leper. This would never happen due to truthful promise. What can be said about (what would happen) due to a false oath? The man who offer his right hand (to give a promise) and keeps it, would obtain Kṛṣṇa . I am telling the truth, (and) the truth (only). The dead ancestors of him who, having offered his hand (to make a promise), does not keep it, are tormented in hell; and undoubtedly the dead one (i.e. he, after death) goes to a terrible hell, and is emancipated by crores of men (of his family, i.e. after a very long time).

Śaunaka said :

14. O sage, tell me, I desire to listen respectfully (to the account of him) who obtained Kṛṣṇa by keeping the promise made by him with his right hand.

Sūta said :

15-18. Formerly in a city lived a śūdra named Vīravikrama . He ate much, was bulky, talked much and was very handsome. He was wealthy, he had sons, was polite, learned, and dear to all people. He always honoured brāhmaṇas and guests. O best brāhmaṇa, he was devoted to his father and always kept his promise. He kept his promise, protected his elders and waited upon Viṣṇu. Once a handsome, young, very intelligent cāṇḍāla , taking up the guise of a brāhmaṇa, came to his house deceptively (i.e. to deceive him).

The brāhmaṇa said :

19-23. O wise one, listen to my words. My auspicious wife is dead. What shall I do? Where shall I go? Kindly tell me today. What is the use of (other) gifts, (visits to) holy places, sacrifices or crores of vows for him who would marry (his daughter) to a brāhmaṇa?

Hearing these words, that Vīravikrama said to that brāhmaṇa: “O brāhmaṇa, listen to my words. I have a virgin daughter. If, O brāhmaṇa, you would desire, I shall give (her to you in marriage) according to the proper rite. Hold my right hand. I shall give her. (This shall) not (be) otherwise.” Hearing there words of (i.e. uttered by) him, he held his hand; and the cāṇḍāla being pleased, said these words.

The brāhmaṇa said :

24. Making (i.e. fixing) an auspicious moment, give me your daughter endowed with auspicious (characteristics). The sacred texts have decided that delay would cause many hurdles.

Vīravikrama said :

25. O brāhmaṇa, I shall give you my daughter tomorrow. This will not be otherwise. A man offering his right hand should not do (as) a mean man (would do).

Sūta said :

26-32. O brāhmaṇa, O sage, having called the brāhmaṇa (named) Kṛṣṇaśarman, his priest, he told him all (about) the agreement. “How do you give your daughter to a brāhmaṇa, (when) you desire to give her to a śūdra? Do not give her to an unknown person who does not belong to a good family.” O ascetic, thus his relatives like his father etc. spoke to him. (They said): “O dear Vīravikrama, listen to our words. Men of our caste do not give their daughter(s) to a man whose family, country, race, so also wealth and character and age are not known.” O best brāhmaṇa, he (i.e. Vīravikrama) said: “I have offered my right hand. Now I shall not at all be able to change (my words).” Speaking thus to them, he proceeded to offer his daughter to that brāhmaṇa. Seeing that all the kinsmen were very much amazed. O sage, hearing his truthful words, (Viṣṇu) holding a conch, a disc and a mace, mounted upon Garuḍa , suddenly came there.

The lord said :

33-34. Blessed is your family; blessed is your way of life; blessed are your mother and father; blessed is your truthful speech; blessed is your right hand; blessed is your deed; blessed is your existence. (A man like you) does not exist in the three worlds. With such a deed, O good man, you will emancipate your family.

Sūta said :

35-42 When Śrīkṛṣṇa was talking like this, an aeroplane made of gold, having attendants of Viṣṇu (in it), and Garuḍa-bannerded everywhere, came (there). The holder of a conch and a lotus (i.e. Viṣṇu) himself put all (the members of) his family with the cāṇḍāla and the priest into the chariot, O brāhmaṇa; and thus taking them all (with him) Viṣṇu went to his abode in Vaikuṇṭha . He remained there for a long time, enjoying rare pleasures. One who violates his words or his right hand (i.e. a promise), goes, to hell with his family. I speak the truth, the truth only. O brāhmaṇa, his manes and deities should not accept the food and water of (i.e. offered by) him. O best brāhmaṇa, (king) Dharma leaves his house through fear and goes (elsewhere). The foolish man, who, giving (i.e. creating) hope, later disappoints (a person), would go taking along with him a crore of his own people (i.e. members of his family) to hell. (King) Dharma violates (i.e. destroys) his (prosperity) through a king, or fire or thieves, who violates (i.e. does not keep) his promise. He, having heard (i.e. who hean) this ( khaṇḍa ) subsequent to the Svarga (khaṇḍa), being liberated while alive in this world, would (after death) go to the excellent abode, named Kṛṣṇa, beyond heaven.

Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 43553, revision 335814 (2022-04-15T09:05:32Z). English is N. A. Deshpande’s complete translation, controlled against its chapter page at https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-padma-purana/d/doc365310.html and the ten-volume archival witness. The witnesses are aligned at chapter level; no unsupported verse-by-verse equivalence is asserted.