Sṛṣṭi-khaṇḍa · Chapter 9
Sourceभीष्म उवाच। भगवन्श्रोतुमिच्छामि पितॄणां वंशमुत्तमम्। रवेश्च श्राद्धदेवस्य सोमस्य च विशेषतः१। पुलस्त्य उवाच। हंत ते कथयिष्यामि पितॄणां वंशमुत्तमम्। स्वर्गे पितृगणाः सप्त त्रयस्तेषाममूर्तयः२। मूर्तिमंतोथ चत्वारः सर्वेषाममितौजसां। अमूर्त्तयः पितृगणा वैराजस्य प्रजापतेः३। यजन्ति यान्देवगणा वैराजा इति विश्रुताः। ये वै ते योगविभ्रष्टाः प्रापुर्लोकान्सनातनान्४। पुनर्ब्रह्मदिनांते तु जायंते ब्रह्मवादिनः। संप्राप्य तां स्मृतिं भूयो योगं सांख्यमनुत्तमम्५। सिद्धिं प्रयांति योगेन पुनरावृत्तिदुर्ल्लभाम्। योगिनामेव देयानि तस्माच्छाद्धानि दातृभिः६। एतेषां मानसी कन्या पत्नी हिमवतो मता। मैनाकस्तस्य दायादः क्रौचस्तस्य सुतोभवत्७। क्रौंचद्वीपः स्मृतो येन चतुर्थो धृतसंयुतः। मेना तु सुषवे तिस्रः कन्या योगवतीस्ततः८। उमैकपर्णा पर्णा च तीव्रव्रतपरायणाः। रुद्रस्यैका भृगोश्चैका जैगीषव्यस्य चापरा९। दत्ता हिमवता बालाः सर्वलोकतपोधिकाः। पितॄणां लोकसंगीतं कथयामि शृणुष्व तत्१०। लोकाः सोमपथा नाम यत्र मारीचनंदनाः। वर्त्तंते येन पितरो यान्देवा भावयन्त्यलम्११। अग्निष्वात्ता इति ख्याता यज्वानो यत्र संस्थिताः। अच्छोदा नाम तेषां तु कन्याभूद्वरवर्णिनी१२। अच्छोदं च सरस्तत्र पितृभिर्निर्मितं पुरा। अच्छोदाथ तपश्चक्रे दिव्यं वर्षसहस्रकम्१३। आजग्मुः पितरस्तुष्टा दास्यन्तः किल ते वरम्। दिव्यरूपधराः सर्वे दिव्यमाल्यानुलेपनाः१४। सर्वे प्रधाना बलिनः कुसुमायुधसन्निभाः। तन्मध्येमावसुं नाम पितरं वीक्ष्य सांगना१५। वव्रे वरार्थिनी संगं कुसुमायुधपीडिता। योगाद्भ्रष्टा तु सा तेन व्यभिचारेण भामिनी१६। धरान्न स्पृशते पूर्वं प्रयाताथ भुवस्तले। तथैवामावसुर्योयमिच्छां चक्रे न तां प्रति१७। धैर्येण तस्य सा लोके अमावास्येति विश्रुता। पितॄणां वल्लभा यस्माद्दत्तस्याक्षयकारिका१८। अच्छोदाधोमुखी दीना लज्जिता तपसः क्षयात्। सा पितॄन्प्रार्थयामास पुनरात्मसमृद्धये१९। विलज्जमाना पितृभिरिदमुक्ता तपस्विनी। भविष्यमथ चालोक्य देवकार्यं च ते तदा२०। इदमूचुर्महाभागाः प्रसाद शुभयागिरा। दिवि दिव्यशरीरेण यत्किंचित्क्रियते बुधैः२१। तेनैव तत्कर्मफलं भुज्यते वरवर्णिनी। सद्यः फलंति कर्माणि देवत्वे प्रेत्यमानुषे२२। तस्मात्त्वं सुकृतं कृत्वा प्राप्स्यसे प्रेत्य यत्फलम्। अष्टाविंशे भवित्री त्वं द्वापरे मत्स्ययोनिजा२३। व्यतिक्रमात्पितॄणां तु कष्टं कुलमवाप्स्यसि। तस्माद्राज्ञो वसोः कन्या त्वमवश्यं भविष्यसि२४। कन्यात्वे देवलोकांस्तान्पुनः प्राप्स्यसि दुर्ल्लभान्। पराशरस्य वीर्येण पुत्रमेकमवाप्स्यसि२५। द्वीपे तु बदरीप्राये बादरायणमप्युत। स वेदमेकं बहुधा विभजिष्यति ते सुतः२६। पौरवस्यात्मजौ द्वौ तु समुद्रांशस्य शंतनोः। विचित्रवीर्यस्तनयस्तथा चित्रांगदो नृपः२७। इमावुत्पाद्य तनयौ क्षेत्रजौ तस्य धीमतः। प्रौष्ठपद्यष्टकाभूयः पितृलोके भविष्यसि२८। नाम्ना सत्यवती लोके पितृलोके तथाष्टका। आयुरारोग्यदा नित्यं सर्वकामफलप्रदा२९। भविष्यसि परे लोके नदी त्वं च गमिष्यसि। पुण्यतोया सरिच्छ्रेष्ठा लोकेष्वच्छोदनामिका३०। इत्युक्ता सा गणैस्तैस्तु तत्रैवांतरधीयत। साप्यापचारित्रफलं मया यदुदितं पुरा३१। विभ्राजो नाम ये चान्ये दिवि संति सुवर्चसः। लोका बर्हिषदो यत्र पितरः संति सुव्रताः३२। यत्र बर्हिषि युक्तानि विमानानि सहस्रशः। संकल्पपादपा यत्र तिष्ठंति फलदायिनः३३। यदभ्युदयशालासु मोदंते श्राद्धदायिनः। ये दानवासुरगणा गंधर्वाप्सरसां गणाः३४। यक्षरक्षोगणास्ते च यजंति दिवि देवताः। पुलस्त्यपुत्राः शतशस्तपोयोगबलान्विताः३५। महात्मानो महाभागा भक्तानामभयंकराः। एतेषां पीवरी कन्या मानसी दिवि विश्रुता३६। योगिनी योगमाता च तपश्चक्रे सुदारुणं। प्रसन्नो भगवांस्तस्या वरं वव्रे तु सा ततः३७। योगवंतं सुरूपं च भर्तारं विजितेंद्रियम्। देहि देव प्रसन्नस्त्वं यदि ते वदतां वर३८। उवाच देवो भविता व्यासपुत्रो यदा शुकः। भवित्री तस्य भार्या त्वं योगाचार्यस्य सुव्रता३९। भविष्यति च ते कन्या कृत्तीनामाथ योगिनी। पांचालपतये देया सात्वताय तु सा तदा४०। जननी ब्रह्मदत्तस्य योगसिद्धांतगा स्मृता। कृष्ण गौरश्च शंभुश्च भविष्यंति च ते सुताः४१। सर्वकामसमृद्धेषु विमानेष्वपि पावनाः। किं पुनः श्राद्धदा विप्रा भक्तिमंतः क्रियान्विताः४२। गौर्नाम कन्या येषां तु मानसी दिवि राजते। सुकन्या दयिता पत्नी साध्यानां कीर्तिवर्द्धिनी४३। मरीचिगर्भनामानो लोके मार्तंडमंडले। पितरो यत्र तिष्ठंति हविष्मंतोंगिरः सुताः४४। तीर्थश्राद्धप्रदा यांति यत्र क्षत्रियसत्तमाः। राज्ञां तु पितरस्ते वै स्वर्गभोगफलप्रदाः४५। एतेषां मानसी कन्या यशोदा नाम विश्रुता। पत्नी यांशुमतः श्रेष्ठा स्नुषा पंचजनस्य च४६। जनन्यथ दिलीपस्य भगीरथपितामही। लोकाः कामदुघा नाम कामभोगफलप्रदाः४७। सुस्वधा नाम पितरो यत्र तिष्ठन्ति ते सुताः। आज्यपा नाम लोकेषु कर्दमस्य प्रजापतेः४८। पुलहाग्रजदायादा वैश्यास्तान्भावयंति ह। यत्र श्राद्धकृतः सर्वे पश्यंति युगपद्गताः४९। मातृभ्रातृपितृस्वसॄः सखिसंबंधिबांधवान्। अपिजन्मायुतैर्दृष्टाननुभूतान्सहस्रशः५० 1.9.50। एतेषां मानसी कन्या विरजा नाम विश्रुता। सा पत्नी नहुषस्यासीद्ययातेर्जननी तथा५१। एषाष्टकाभवत्पश्चाद्ब्रह्मलोकगता सती। त्रय एते गणाः प्रोक्ताश्चतुर्थं तु वदाम्यहम्५२। लोकाः सुमनसो नाम ब्रह्मलोकोपरिस्थिताः। सोमपा नाम पितरो यत्र तिष्ठंति शाश्वतं५३। धर्ममूर्तिधराः सर्वे परतो ब्रह्मणः स्मृताः। उत्पन्नाः प्रलयांते तु ब्रह्मत्वं प्राप्य योगिनः५४। कृत्वा सृष्ट्यादिकं सर्वे मानसे सांप्रतं स्थिताः। नर्मदा नाम तेषां तु कन्या तोयवहा सरित्५५। भूतानि पुनती या तु पश्चिमोदधिगामिनी। तेभ्यः सर्वत्र मनुजाः प्रजासर्गे च निर्मितम्५६। ज्ञात्वा श्राद्धानि कुर्वंति धर्मभावेन सर्वदा। सर्वदा तेभ्य एवास्य प्रसादाद्योगसंततिः५७। पितॄणामादिसर्गे तु श्राद्धमेवं विनिर्मितम्। सर्वेषां राजतं पात्रमथवा राजतान्वितम्५८। दत्तं स्वधां पुरोधाय पितॄन्प्रीणाति सर्वदा। आग्नीध्रसोमपाभ्यां तु कार्यमाप्यायनं बुधैः५९। अग्न्यभावे तु विप्रस्य पाणौ वाथ जलेपि वा। अजाकर्णेश्वकर्णे वा गोष्ठे वाथ शिवांतिके६०। पितॄणाममलं स्थानं दक्षिणादिक्प्रशस्यते। प्राचीनावीतमुदकं तिलसंत्यागमेव च६१। खड्गिगनामामिषं चैवमन्नं श्यामाकशालयः। यवनीवारमुद्गेक्षु शुक्लपुष्प फलानि च६२। वल्लभानि प्रशस्तानि पितॄणामिह सर्वदा। दर्भा माषष्षष्टिकान्नं गोक्षीरं मधुसर्पिषी६३। शस्त्राणि च प्रवक्ष्यामि श्राद्धे वर्ज्यानि यानि च। मसूर शण निष्पावा राजमाषाः कुलुत्थकाः६४। पद्म बिल्वार्कादुत्तूर पारिभद्राटरूषकाः। न देयाः पितृकार्येषु पयश्चाजाविकं तथा६५। कोद्रवोदारवरटकपित्थं मधुकातसी। एतान्यपि न देयानि पितॄभ्यः श्रियमिच्छता६६। पितृन्प्रीणाति यो भक्त्या ते पुनः प्रीणयंति तं। यच्छंति पितरः पुष्टिं स्वांगारोग्यं प्रजाफलम्६७। देवकार्यादपि पुनः पितृकार्यं विशिष्यते। देवताभ्यः पितॄणां तु पूर्वमाप्यायनं स्मृतम्६८। शीघ्रप्रसादास्त्वक्रोधा निस्संगाः स्थिर सौहृदाः। शांतात्मानः शौचपराः सततं प्रियवादिनः६९। भक्तानुरक्ताः सुखदाः पितरः पर्वदेवताः। हविष्मतामाधिपत्ये श्राद्धदेवः स्मृतो रविः७०। एतद्धि सर्वमाख्यातं पितृवंशानुकीर्त्तनम्। पुण्यं पवित्रमारोग्यं कीर्त्तनीयं नृभिः सदा७१। भीष्म उवाच। श्रुत्वैतदखिलं भूयः पराभक्तिरुपस्थिता। श्राद्धकालं विधिं चैव श्राद्धमेव तथैव च ७२। श्राद्धेषु भोजनीया ये श्राद्धवर्ज्या द्विजातयः। कस्मिन्वासरभागे तु पितृभ्यः श्राद्धमारभेत्७३। अन्नं दत्तं कथं याति श्राद्धे वै ब्रह्मवित्तम। विधिना केन कर्त्तव्यं कथं प्रीणाति तान्पितॄन्७४। पुलस्त्य उवाच। कुर्यादहरहः श्राद्धमन्नाद्येनोदकेन च। पयोमूलफलैर्वापि पितृभ्यः प्रीतिमावहन्७५। नित्यं नैमित्तिकं काम्यं त्रिविधं श्राद्धमुच्यते। नित्यं तावत्प्रवक्ष्यामि अर्घ्यावाहनवर्जितम्७६। अदैवतं विजानीयात्पार्वणं पर्व सुस्मृतम्। पार्वणं त्रिविधं प्रोक्तं शृणु यत्नान्महीपते७७। पार्वणेय नियोज्यास्तु तान्शृणुष्व नराधिप। पंचाग्निः स्नातकश्चैव त्रिसौपर्णः षडंगवित्७८। श्रोत्रियः श्रोत्रियसुतो विधिवाक्यविशारदः। सर्वज्ञो वेदवान्मंत्री ज्ञानवंशकुलान्वितः७९। त्रिणाचिकेतस्त्रिमधुः श्रुतेष्वन्येषु संस्थितः। पुराणवेत्ता ब्रह्मज्ञः स्वाध्यायी जपतत्परः८०। ब्रह्मभक्तः पितृपरः सूर्यभक्तोथ वैष्णवः। ब्राह्मणो योगनिष्ठात्मा विजितात्मा सुशीलवान्८१। एते तोष्याः प्रयत्नेन वर्जनीयानिमान्शृणु। पतितस्तत्सुतः क्लीबः पिशुनो व्यंगरोगितः८२। सर्वे ते श्राद्धकाले तु त्याज्या वै धर्मदर्शिभिः। पूर्वेद्युरपरेद्युर्वा विनीतांश्च निमंत्रयेत्८३। निमंत्रितांश्च पितर उपतिष्ठंति तान्द्विजान्। वायुभूतानि गच्छंति तथासीनानुपासते८४। दक्षिणं जानुचालभ्य वामं पात्यनिमंत्रयेत्। अक्रोधनैः शौचपरैः सुस्नातैर्ब्रह्मवादिभिः८५। भवितव्यं भवद्भिस्तु मया च श्राद्धकर्मणि। पितृयज्ञं विनिर्वर्त्य तर्पणाख्यं तु योग्निमान्८६। पिंडान्वाहार्यकं कुर्याच्छ्राद्धमिंदुक्षये तथा। गोमयेनानुलिप्ते तु दक्षिणाप्लवनस्थले८७। श्राद्धं समारभेद्भक्त्या गोष्ठे वा जलसन्निधौ। अग्निमान्निर्वपेत्पित्र्यं चरुं वा सक्तुमुष्टिभिः८८। पितृभ्यो निर्वपामीति सर्वं दक्षिणतो न्यसेत्। अभिघार्य ततः कुर्यान्निर्वापत्रयमग्रतः८९। ते वितस्त्यायताः कार्याश्चतुरङ्गुलविस्तृताः। दर्वीत्रयं च कुर्वीत खादिरं रजतान्वितम्९०। रत्निमात्रं परिश्लक्ष्णं हस्ताकाराग्रमुत्तमम्। उदपात्राणि कांस्यस्य मेक्षणं च समित्कुशम्९१। तिलपात्राणि सद्वासो गंधधूपानुलेपनम्। आहरेदपसव्यं च सर्वं दक्षिणतः शनैः९२। एवमासाद्य तत्सर्वं भवनस्योत्तरेंतरे। गोमयेनानुलिप्तायां गोमूत्रेण च मंडलम्९३। साक्षताभिः सपुष्पाभिरद्भिः सव्यापसव्यवत्। विप्राणां क्षालयेत्पादावभिवंद्य पुनःपुनः९४। आसनेषूपविष्टेषु दर्भवत्सु विधानतः। उपस्पृष्टोदकान्विप्रानुपवेश्यानुमंत्रयेत्९५। द्वौ दैवे पितृकृत्ये त्रीनेकैकं चोभयत्र वा। भोजयेदीश्वरोपीह न कुर्याद्विस्तरं बुधः ९६। दैवपूर्वं निवेद्याथ विप्रानर्घादिना बुधैः। अग्नौ कुर्यादनुज्ञातो विप्रैर्विप्रो यथाविधि ९७। स्वगृह्योक्तेन विधिना काले कृत्वा समंततः। अग्नीषोममयाभ्यां तु कुर्यादाप्यायनं बुधः९८। दक्षिणाग्नौ प्रणीतेन स एवाग्निर्द्विजोत्तमः। यज्ञोपवीतान्निर्वर्त्य ततः पर्युक्षणादिकम्९९। प्राचीनावीतिना कार्यमेतत्सर्वं विजानता। लब्ध्वा तस्माद्विशेषेण पिंडान्कुर्वीत चोदकं१०० 1.9.100। दद्यादुदकपात्रैस्तु सलिलं सव्यपाणिना। दद्यात्सर्वं प्रयत्नेन दमयुक्तो विमत्सरः१०१। विधाय रेखां यत्नेन निर्वपेदवनेजनं। दक्षिणाभिमुखः कुर्यात्ततो दर्भान्निधाय वै१०२। निधाय पिंडमेकैकं सर्वं दर्भोपरिक्रमात्। निर्वपेदथ दर्भेषु नामगोत्रानुकीर्तनैः१०३। तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं विमृज्याल्लेपभागिनां। तथैव च जपं कुर्यात्पुनः प्रत्यवनेजनम्१०४। जलयुक्तं नमस्कृत्य गंधधूपार्चनादिभिः। एवमावाह्य तत्सर्वं वेदमंत्रैर्यथोदितैः१०५। एकाग्नरेकएवाद्भिर्निर्वपेद्दर्विकां तथा। ततः कृत्वा नरो दद्यात्पितृभ्यस्तु कुशान्बुधः१०६। ततः पिंडादिकं कुर्यादावाहनविसर्जनम्। ततो गृहीत्वा पिंडेभ्यो मात्राः सर्वाः क्रमेण तु१०७। तानेव विप्रान्प्रथममाशयित्वा च मानवः। वर्णयन्भोजयेदन्नमिष्टं पूर्तं च सर्वदा१०८। वर्जयेत्क्रोधपरतां स्मरन्नारायणं हरिम्। तृप्तान्ज्ञात्वा पुनः कुर्याद्विकिरं सार्ववर्णिकं१०९। विधृत्य सोदकं त्वन्नं सतिलं प्रक्षिपेद्भुवि। आचांतेषु पुनर्दद्याज्जलं पुष्पाक्षतोदकम्११०। स्वधावाचनकं सर्वं पिंडोपरि समाचरेत्। देवाद्यंतं प्रकुर्वीत श्राद्धनाशोन्यथा भवेत्१११। विसृज्य विप्रान्प्रणतस्तेषां कृत्वा प्रदक्षिणम्। दक्षिणांदिशमाकांक्षन्पितॄनुद्दिश्य मानवः११२। दातारो नोभिवर्द्धंतां वेदाः सन्ततिरेव च। श्रद्धा च नो मा व्यगमद्बहुदेयं च नोस्त्विति११३। अन्नं च नो बहुभवेदतिथींश्च लभेमहि। याचितारश्च नः संतु मा च याचिष्म कंचन११४। एतदग्निमतः प्रोक्तमन्वाहार्यं तु पार्वणं। यथेंदुसंक्षये तद्वदन्यत्रापि निगद्यते११५। पिंडांस्तु गोजविप्रेभ्यो दद्यादग्नौ जलेपि वा। वप्रांते वाथ विकिरेदापोभिरथ वापयेत्११६। पत्नीं तु मध्यमं पिंडं प्राशयेद्विनयान्विताम्। आधत्त पितरो गर्भं पुत्रसंतानवर्द्धनं११७। तावन्निर्वापणं तिष्ठेद्यावद्विप्रा विसर्जिताः। वैश्वदेवं ततः कुर्यान्निवृत्तः पितृकर्मणः११८। इष्टैः सह ततः शांतो भुंजीत पितृसेवितम्। पुनर्भोजनमध्वानं यानमायासमैथुनम्११९। श्राद्धकृच्छ्राद्धभुग्यो वा सर्वमेतद्विवर्जयेत्। स्वाध्यायं कलहं चैव दिवास्वप्नं च सर्वदा१२०। अनेन विधिना श्राद्धं त्रिवर्गस्येह निर्वपेत्। कन्या कुंभ वृषस्थेर्के कृष्णपक्षेषु सर्वदा१२१। यत्रयत्र प्रदातव्यं सपिंडीकरणात्मकम्। तत्रानेन विधानेन देयमग्निमता सदा१२२। अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि ब्रह्मणा यदुदीरितम्। श्राद्धं साधारणं नाम भुक्तिमुक्तिफलप्रदम्१२३। अयने विषुवे चैव अमावस्यार्कसंक्रमे। अमावस्याष्टका कृष्णपक्ष पंचदशीषु च१२४। आर्द्रा मघा रोहिणीषु द्रव्यब्राह्मणसंगमे। गजच्छायाव्यतीपाते विष्टिवैधृतिवासरे१२५। वैशाखस्य तृतीयायां नवमीकार्तिकस्य च। पंचदशी तु माघस्य नभस्ये च त्रयोदशी१२६। युगादयः स्मृता ह्येताः पितॄपक्षोपकारिकाः। तथा मन्वंतरादौ च देयं श्राद्धं विजानता१२७। अश्वयुङ्नवमी चैव द्वादशी कार्तिके तथा। तृतीया चैत्रमासस्य तथा भाद्रपदस्य च१२८। फाल्गुनस्य त्वमावास्या पौषस्यैकादशी तथा। आषाढस्यापि दशमी माघमासस्य सप्तमी१२९। श्रावणे चाष्टमी कृष्णा तथाषाढी च पूर्णिमा। कार्तिकी फाल्गुनी चैवा ज्येष्ठे पंचदशी सिता१३०। मन्वंतरादयस्त्वेता दत्तस्याक्षयकारिकाः। पानीयमप्यत्र तिलैर्विमिश्रं दद्यात्पितृभ्यः प्रयतो मनुष्यः१३१। श्राद्धं कृतं तेन समास्सहस्रं रहस्यमेतत्पितरो वदंति। वैशाख्यामुपवासेषु तथोत्सवमहालये१३२। तीर्थायतनगोष्ठेषु द्वीपोद्यानगृहेषु च। विविक्तेषूपलिप्तेषु श्राद्धं देयं विजानता१३३। विप्रान्पूर्वेपरेचाह्नि विनीतात्मानि मंत्रयेत्। शीलवृत्तगुणोपेतान्वयोरूपसमन्वितान्१३४। द्वौ दैवे पितृकृत्ये त्रीनेकैकमुभयत्र वा। भोजयेत्सुसमृद्धोपि न प्रकुर्वीत विस्तरम्१३५। विश्वेदेवान्यवैः पुष्पैरभ्यर्च्यासनपूर्वकं। पूरयेत्पात्रयुग्मं तु स्थाप्यं दर्भपवित्रके१३६। शन्नोदेवीत्यपः कुर्याद्यवोसीति यवानपि। गंधपुष्पैस्तु संपूज्य विश्वान्देवान्प्रतिन्यसेत्१३७। विश्वेदेवास इत्याभ्यामावाह्य विकिरेद्यवान्। यवोसि धान्यराजस्त्वं वारुणो मधुमिश्रितः१३८। निर्णुदः सर्वपापानां पवित्र ऋषिसंस्तुतः। गंधपुष्पैरलंकृत्य या दिव्येत्यर्घमुत्सृजेत्३९। अभ्यर्च्य गंधाद्युत्सृज्य पितृयज्ञं समारभेत्। दर्भासनादि कृत्वादौ त्रीणि पात्राणि चार्चयेत्१४०। सपवित्राणि कृत्वादौ शन्नोदेवीत्यपः क्षिपेत्। तिलोसीति तिलान्कुर्याद्गन्धपुष्पादिकं पुनः१४१। पात्रं वनस्पतिमयं तथा पर्णमयं पुनः। राजतं वा प्रकुर्वीत तथा सागरसंभवम्१४२। सौवर्णं राजतं ताम्रं पितॄणां पात्रमुच्यते। रजतस्य कथा वापि दर्शनं दानमेव च१४३। राजतैर्भाजनैरेषां पितॄणां रजतान्वितैः। वार्यपि श्रद्धया दत्तमक्षयायोपकल्पते१४४। अद्यापि पितृपात्रेषु पितॄणां राजतान्वितम्। शिवनेत्रोद्भवं यस्मादुत्तमं पितृवल्लभम्१४५। एवं पात्राणि संकल्प्य यथालाभं विमत्सरः। या दिव्येति पितुर्नाम गोत्रे दर्भान्करे न्यसेत्१४६। पितॄनावाहयिष्यामि तथेत्युक्तः स तैः पुनः। उशंतस्त्वा तथायन्तु ऋग्म्यामावाहयेत्पितॄन्१४७। या दिव्येत्यर्घ्यमुत्सृज्य दद्याद्गंधादिकं ततः। वस्त्रोत्तरं दर्भपूर्वं दत्वा संश्रयमादितः१४८। पितृपात्रे निधायाथ न्युब्जमुत्तरतो न्यसेत्। पितृभ्यः स्थानमसीति निधाय परिवेषयेत्१४९। तत्रापि पूर्वतः कुर्यादग्निकार्यं विमत्सरः। उभाभ्यामपि हस्ताभ्यामाहृत्य परिवेषयेत्१५० 1.9.150। उशन्तस्त्वेति तं दर्भं पाणिभक्तं विशेषतः। गुणान्वितैश्च शाकाद्यैर्नानाभक्ष्यैस्तथैव च१५१। अन्नं च सदधिक्षीरं गोघृतं शर्करान्वितं। मासं प्रीणाति वै सर्वान्पितॄनित्याह पद्मजः१५२। द्वौ मासौ मत्स्यमांसेन त्रीन्मासान्हारिणेन तु। औरभ्रेणाथ चतुरः शाकुनेनाथ पंच वै१५३। वाराहस्य तु मांसेन षण्मासं तृप्तिरुत्तमा। सप्तलोहस्य मांसेन तथाष्टावाजकेन तु१५४। पृषतस्य तु मांसेन तृप्तिर्मासान्नवैव तु। दशमासांश्च तृप्यंते वराहमहिषामिषैः१५५। शशकूर्मयोस्तु मांसेन मासानेकादशैव तु। संवत्सरं तु गव्येन पयसा पायसेन वा१५६। सौकरेण तु तृप्यंते मासान्पंचदशैव तु। वार्ध्रीणसस्य मांसेन तृप्तिर्द्वादशवार्षिकी१५७। कालशाकेन चानंत्यं खड्गमांसेन चैव हि। यत्किंचिन्मधुना मिश्रं गोक्षीरं दधिपायसम्१५८। दत्तमक्षयमित्याहुः पितरः पूर्वदेवताः। स्वाध्यायं श्रावयेत्पित्र्यं पुराणान्यखिलानि च१५९। ब्रह्मविष्ण्वर्करुद्राणां स्तवानि विविधानि च। इंद्रेशसोमसूक्तानि पावमानीश्च शक्तितः१६०। बृहद्रथंतरं तत्र ज्येष्ठसामाथ रौरवं। तथैव शांतिकाध्यायं मधुब्राह्मणमेव च१६१। मण्डलब्राह्मणं तद्वत्प्रीतिकारि च यत्पुनः। विप्राणामात्मनश्चापि तत्सर्वं समुदीरयेत्१६२। भारताध्ययनं कार्यं पितॄणां परमप्रियं। भुक्तवत्सु च विप्रेषु भोज्यतोयादिकं नृप१६३। सार्ववर्णिकमन्नाद्यमानयेत्सावधारणं। समुत्सृजेद्भुक्तवतामग्रतो विकिरान्भुवि१६४। अग्निदग्धाश्च ये जीवा येप्यदग्धाः कुले मम। भूमौ दत्तेन तृप्यंतु तृप्ता यांतु परां गतिं१६५। येषां न माता न पिता न बंधुर्न चापि मित्रं न तथान्नमस्ति। तत्तॄप्तयेन्नं भुवि दत्तमेतत्पयातु योगाय यतो यतस्ते१६६। असंस्कृतप्रमीतानां त्यागिनां कुलभागिनां। उछिष्टभागधेयानां दर्भेषु विकिरासनं१६७। तृप्तान्ज्ञात्वोदकं दद्यात्सकृद्विकिरणे तथा। विप्रलिप्तमहीपृष्टे गोशकृन्मूत्रवारिणा१६८। निधाय दर्भान्विधिवद्दक्षिणाग्रान्प्रयत्नतः। सर्ववर्णविधानेन पिंडांश्च पितृयज्ञवत्१६९। अवनेजनपूर्वं तु नामगोत्रं तु मानवः। उक्त्वा पुष्पादिकं दत्वा कृत्वा प्रत्यवनेजनं१७०। ज्ञात्वापसव्यं सव्येन पाणिना त्रिः प्रदक्षिणं। पितृवन्मातृकं कार्यं विधिवद्दर्भपाणिना१७१। दीपप्रज्वालनं तद्वत्कुर्यात्पुष्पार्चनं बुधः। तथा चांतेषु चाचम्य दद्याच्चापः सकृत्सकृत्१७२। तथा पुष्पाक्षतान्पश्चादक्षय्योदकमेव च। सतिलं नामगोत्रेण दद्याच्छक्त्या च दक्षिणाम्१७३। गोभूहिरण्यवासांसि भव्यानि शयनानि च। दद्याद्यदिष्टं विप्राणामात्मनः पितुरेव च१७४। वित्तशाठ्येन रहितः पितृभ्यः प्रीतिमावहेत्। ततः स्वधावाचनकं विश्वेदेवेषु चोदकं१७५। दत्वाशीः प्रतिगृह्णीयाद्द्विजेभ्योपि यथा बुधः। अघोराः पितरः संतु संत्वित्युक्तः पुनर्द्विजैः१७६। गोत्रं तथा वर्द्धतां तु तथेत्युक्तश्च तैः पुनः। स्वस्तिवाचनकं कुर्यात्पिंडानुद्धृत्य भक्तितः१७७। उच्छेषणं तु तत्तिष्ठेद्यावद्विप्रविसर्जनम्। ततो गृहबलिं कुर्यादिति धर्मो व्यवस्थितः१७८। उच्छेषणं भूमिगतमजिह्मस्याशठस्य च। दासवर्गस्य तत्पिंडं भागधेयं प्रचक्षते१७९। पितृभिर्निर्मितं पूर्वमेतदाप्यायनं सदा। अव्रतानामपुत्राणां स्त्रीणामपि नराधिप१८०। ततः स्थानाग्रतः स्थित्वा प्रतिगृह्यांबुपात्रिकां। वाजेवाजेति च जपन्कुशाग्रेण विसर्जयेत्१८१। बहिः प्रदक्षिणं कुर्यात्पदान्यष्टावनुव्रजेत्। बंधुवर्गेण सहितः पुत्रभार्यासमन्वितः१८२। निवृत्य प्रणिपत्याथ प्रयुज्याग्निं स मंत्रवित्। वैश्वदेवं प्रकुर्वीत नैत्यिकं बलिमेव च१८३। ततस्तु वैश्वदेवांते सभृत्यसुतबांधवः। भुंजीतातिथिसंयुक्तः सर्वं पितृनिषेवितं१८४। एतच्चानुपनीतोपि कुर्यात्सर्वेषु पर्वसु। श्राद्धं साधारणं नाम सर्वकामफलप्रदम्। भार्याविरहितोप्येतत्प्रवासस्थोपि भक्तिमान्१८५। शूद्रोप्यमंत्रकं कुर्यादनेन विधिना नृप। तृतीयमाभ्युदयिकं वृद्धिश्राद्धं विधीयते१८६। उत्सवानंदसंस्कारे यज्ञोद्वाहादिमंगले। मातरः प्रथमं पूज्याः पितरस्तदनंतरं१८७। ततो मातामहा राजन्विश्वेदवास्तथैव च। प्रदक्षिणोपचारेण दध्यक्षतफलोदकैः१८८। प्राङ्मुखो निर्वपेत्पिंण्डान्पूर्वांश्चैव पुरातनान्। संपन्नमित्यभ्युदये दद्यादर्घं द्वयोर्द्वयोः१८९। युग्मा द्विजातयः पूज्या वस्त्राकल्पांबरादिभिः। तिलकार्यं यवैः कार्यं तच्च सर्वानुपूर्वकं१९०। मंगल्यानि च सर्वाणि वाचयेद्द्विजपुंगवान्। एवं शूद्रोपि सामान्यं वृद्धिश्राद्धं च सर्वदा१९१। नमस्कारेण मंत्रेण कुर्याद्दानानि वै बुधः। दानं प्रधानं शूद्रस्य इत्याह भगवान्प्रभुः। दानेन सर्वकामाप्तिस्तस्य संजायते यतः१९२।
bhīṣma uvāca| bhagavanśrotumicchāmi pitṝṇāṃ vaṃśamuttamam| raveśca śrāddhadevasya somasya ca viśeṣataḥ1| pulastya uvāca| haṃta te kathayiṣyāmi pitṝṇāṃ vaṃśamuttamam| svarge pitṛgaṇāḥ sapta trayasteṣāmamūrtayaḥ2| mūrtimaṃtotha catvāraḥ sarveṣāmamitaujasāṃ| amūrttayaḥ pitṛgaṇā vairājasya prajāpateḥ3| yajanti yāndevagaṇā vairājā iti viśrutāḥ| ye vai te yogavibhraṣṭāḥ prāpurlokānsanātanān4| punarbrahmadināṃte tu jāyaṃte brahmavādinaḥ| saṃprāpya tāṃ smṛtiṃ bhūyo yogaṃ sāṃkhyamanuttamam5| siddhiṃ prayāṃti yogena punarāvṛttidurllabhām| yogināmeva deyāni tasmācchāddhāni dātṛbhiḥ6| eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā patnī himavato matā| mainākastasya dāyādaḥ kraucastasya sutobhavat7| krauṃcadvīpaḥ smṛto yena caturtho dhṛtasaṃyutaḥ| menā tu suṣave tisraḥ kanyā yogavatīstataḥ8| umaikaparṇā parṇā ca tīvravrataparāyaṇāḥ| rudrasyaikā bhṛgoścaikā jaigīṣavyasya cāparā9| dattā himavatā bālāḥ sarvalokatapodhikāḥ| pitṝṇāṃ lokasaṃgītaṃ kathayāmi śṛṇuṣva tat10| lokāḥ somapathā nāma yatra mārīcanaṃdanāḥ| varttaṃte yena pitaro yāndevā bhāvayantyalam11| agniṣvāttā iti khyātā yajvāno yatra saṃsthitāḥ| acchodā nāma teṣāṃ tu kanyābhūdvaravarṇinī12| acchodaṃ ca sarastatra pitṛbhirnirmitaṃ purā| acchodātha tapaścakre divyaṃ varṣasahasrakam13| ājagmuḥ pitarastuṣṭā dāsyantaḥ kila te varam| divyarūpadharāḥ sarve divyamālyānulepanāḥ14| sarve pradhānā balinaḥ kusumāyudhasannibhāḥ| tanmadhyemāvasuṃ nāma pitaraṃ vīkṣya sāṃganā15| vavre varārthinī saṃgaṃ kusumāyudhapīḍitā| yogādbhraṣṭā tu sā tena vyabhicāreṇa bhāminī16| dharānna spṛśate pūrvaṃ prayātātha bhuvastale| tathaivāmāvasuryoyamicchāṃ cakre na tāṃ prati17| dhairyeṇa tasya sā loke amāvāsyeti viśrutā| pitṝṇāṃ vallabhā yasmāddattasyākṣayakārikā18| acchodādhomukhī dīnā lajjitā tapasaḥ kṣayāt| sā pitṝnprārthayāmāsa punarātmasamṛddhaye19| vilajjamānā pitṛbhiridamuktā tapasvinī| bhaviṣyamatha cālokya devakāryaṃ ca te tadā20| idamūcurmahābhāgāḥ prasāda śubhayāgirā| divi divyaśarīreṇa yatkiṃcitkriyate budhaiḥ21| tenaiva tatkarmaphalaṃ bhujyate varavarṇinī| sadyaḥ phalaṃti karmāṇi devatve pretyamānuṣe22| tasmāttvaṃ sukṛtaṃ kṛtvā prāpsyase pretya yatphalam| aṣṭāviṃśe bhavitrī tvaṃ dvāpare matsyayonijā23| vyatikramātpitṝṇāṃ tu kaṣṭaṃ kulamavāpsyasi| tasmādrājño vasoḥ kanyā tvamavaśyaṃ bhaviṣyasi24| kanyātve devalokāṃstānpunaḥ prāpsyasi durllabhān| parāśarasya vīryeṇa putramekamavāpsyasi25| dvīpe tu badarīprāye bādarāyaṇamapyuta| sa vedamekaṃ bahudhā vibhajiṣyati te sutaḥ26| pauravasyātmajau dvau tu samudrāṃśasya śaṃtanoḥ| vicitravīryastanayastathā citrāṃgado nṛpaḥ27| imāvutpādya tanayau kṣetrajau tasya dhīmataḥ| prauṣṭhapadyaṣṭakābhūyaḥ pitṛloke bhaviṣyasi28| nāmnā satyavatī loke pitṛloke tathāṣṭakā| āyurārogyadā nityaṃ sarvakāmaphalapradā29| bhaviṣyasi pare loke nadī tvaṃ ca gamiṣyasi| puṇyatoyā saricchreṣṭhā lokeṣvacchodanāmikā30| ityuktā sā gaṇaistaistu tatraivāṃtaradhīyata| sāpyāpacāritraphalaṃ mayā yaduditaṃ purā31| vibhrājo nāma ye cānye divi saṃti suvarcasaḥ| lokā barhiṣado yatra pitaraḥ saṃti suvratāḥ32| yatra barhiṣi yuktāni vimānāni sahasraśaḥ| saṃkalpapādapā yatra tiṣṭhaṃti phaladāyinaḥ33| yadabhyudayaśālāsu modaṃte śrāddhadāyinaḥ| ye dānavāsuragaṇā gaṃdharvāpsarasāṃ gaṇāḥ34| yakṣarakṣogaṇāste ca yajaṃti divi devatāḥ| pulastyaputrāḥ śataśastapoyogabalānvitāḥ35| mahātmāno mahābhāgā bhaktānāmabhayaṃkarāḥ| eteṣāṃ pīvarī kanyā mānasī divi viśrutā36| yoginī yogamātā ca tapaścakre sudāruṇaṃ| prasanno bhagavāṃstasyā varaṃ vavre tu sā tataḥ37| yogavaṃtaṃ surūpaṃ ca bhartāraṃ vijiteṃdriyam| dehi deva prasannastvaṃ yadi te vadatāṃ vara38| uvāca devo bhavitā vyāsaputro yadā śukaḥ| bhavitrī tasya bhāryā tvaṃ yogācāryasya suvratā39| bhaviṣyati ca te kanyā kṛttīnāmātha yoginī| pāṃcālapataye deyā sātvatāya tu sā tadā40| jananī brahmadattasya yogasiddhāṃtagā smṛtā| kṛṣṇa gauraśca śaṃbhuśca bhaviṣyaṃti ca te sutāḥ41| sarvakāmasamṛddheṣu vimāneṣvapi pāvanāḥ| kiṃ punaḥ śrāddhadā viprā bhaktimaṃtaḥ kriyānvitāḥ42| gaurnāma kanyā yeṣāṃ tu mānasī divi rājate| sukanyā dayitā patnī sādhyānāṃ kīrtivarddhinī43| marīcigarbhanāmāno loke mārtaṃḍamaṃḍale| pitaro yatra tiṣṭhaṃti haviṣmaṃtoṃgiraḥ sutāḥ44| tīrthaśrāddhapradā yāṃti yatra kṣatriyasattamāḥ| rājñāṃ tu pitaraste vai svargabhogaphalapradāḥ45| eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā yaśodā nāma viśrutā| patnī yāṃśumataḥ śreṣṭhā snuṣā paṃcajanasya ca46| jananyatha dilīpasya bhagīrathapitāmahī| lokāḥ kāmadughā nāma kāmabhogaphalapradāḥ47| susvadhā nāma pitaro yatra tiṣṭhanti te sutāḥ| ājyapā nāma lokeṣu kardamasya prajāpateḥ48| pulahāgrajadāyādā vaiśyāstānbhāvayaṃti ha| yatra śrāddhakṛtaḥ sarve paśyaṃti yugapadgatāḥ49| mātṛbhrātṛpitṛsvasṝḥ sakhisaṃbaṃdhibāṃdhavān| apijanmāyutairdṛṣṭānanubhūtānsahasraśaḥ50 1.9.50| eteṣāṃ mānasī kanyā virajā nāma viśrutā| sā patnī nahuṣasyāsīdyayāterjananī tathā51| eṣāṣṭakābhavatpaścādbrahmalokagatā satī| traya ete gaṇāḥ proktāścaturthaṃ tu vadāmyaham52| lokāḥ sumanaso nāma brahmalokoparisthitāḥ| somapā nāma pitaro yatra tiṣṭhaṃti śāśvataṃ53| dharmamūrtidharāḥ sarve parato brahmaṇaḥ smṛtāḥ| utpannāḥ pralayāṃte tu brahmatvaṃ prāpya yoginaḥ54| kṛtvā sṛṣṭyādikaṃ sarve mānase sāṃprataṃ sthitāḥ| narmadā nāma teṣāṃ tu kanyā toyavahā sarit55| bhūtāni punatī yā tu paścimodadhigāminī| tebhyaḥ sarvatra manujāḥ prajāsarge ca nirmitam56| jñātvā śrāddhāni kurvaṃti dharmabhāvena sarvadā| sarvadā tebhya evāsya prasādādyogasaṃtatiḥ57| pitṝṇāmādisarge tu śrāddhamevaṃ vinirmitam| sarveṣāṃ rājataṃ pātramathavā rājatānvitam58| dattaṃ svadhāṃ purodhāya pitṝnprīṇāti sarvadā| āgnīdhrasomapābhyāṃ tu kāryamāpyāyanaṃ budhaiḥ59| agnyabhāve tu viprasya pāṇau vātha jalepi vā| ajākarṇeśvakarṇe vā goṣṭhe vātha śivāṃtike60| pitṝṇāmamalaṃ sthānaṃ dakṣiṇādikpraśasyate| prācīnāvītamudakaṃ tilasaṃtyāgameva ca61| khaḍgiganāmāmiṣaṃ caivamannaṃ śyāmākaśālayaḥ| yavanīvāramudgekṣu śuklapuṣpa phalāni ca62| vallabhāni praśastāni pitṝṇāmiha sarvadā| darbhā māṣaṣṣaṣṭikānnaṃ gokṣīraṃ madhusarpiṣī63| śastrāṇi ca pravakṣyāmi śrāddhe varjyāni yāni ca| masūra śaṇa niṣpāvā rājamāṣāḥ kulutthakāḥ64| padma bilvārkāduttūra pāribhadrāṭarūṣakāḥ| na deyāḥ pitṛkāryeṣu payaścājāvikaṃ tathā65| kodravodāravaraṭakapitthaṃ madhukātasī| etānyapi na deyāni pitṝbhyaḥ śriyamicchatā66| pitṛnprīṇāti yo bhaktyā te punaḥ prīṇayaṃti taṃ| yacchaṃti pitaraḥ puṣṭiṃ svāṃgārogyaṃ prajāphalam67| devakāryādapi punaḥ pitṛkāryaṃ viśiṣyate| devatābhyaḥ pitṝṇāṃ tu pūrvamāpyāyanaṃ smṛtam68| śīghraprasādāstvakrodhā nissaṃgāḥ sthira sauhṛdāḥ| śāṃtātmānaḥ śaucaparāḥ satataṃ priyavādinaḥ69| bhaktānuraktāḥ sukhadāḥ pitaraḥ parvadevatāḥ| haviṣmatāmādhipatye śrāddhadevaḥ smṛto raviḥ70| etaddhi sarvamākhyātaṃ pitṛvaṃśānukīrttanam| puṇyaṃ pavitramārogyaṃ kīrttanīyaṃ nṛbhiḥ sadā71| bhīṣma uvāca| śrutvaitadakhilaṃ bhūyaḥ parābhaktirupasthitā| śrāddhakālaṃ vidhiṃ caiva śrāddhameva tathaiva ca 72| śrāddheṣu bhojanīyā ye śrāddhavarjyā dvijātayaḥ| kasminvāsarabhāge tu pitṛbhyaḥ śrāddhamārabhet73| annaṃ dattaṃ kathaṃ yāti śrāddhe vai brahmavittama| vidhinā kena karttavyaṃ kathaṃ prīṇāti tānpitṝn74| pulastya uvāca| kuryādaharahaḥ śrāddhamannādyenodakena ca| payomūlaphalairvāpi pitṛbhyaḥ prītimāvahan75| nityaṃ naimittikaṃ kāmyaṃ trividhaṃ śrāddhamucyate| nityaṃ tāvatpravakṣyāmi arghyāvāhanavarjitam76| adaivataṃ vijānīyātpārvaṇaṃ parva susmṛtam| pārvaṇaṃ trividhaṃ proktaṃ śṛṇu yatnānmahīpate77| pārvaṇeya niyojyāstu tānśṛṇuṣva narādhipa| paṃcāgniḥ snātakaścaiva trisauparṇaḥ ṣaḍaṃgavit78| śrotriyaḥ śrotriyasuto vidhivākyaviśāradaḥ| sarvajño vedavānmaṃtrī jñānavaṃśakulānvitaḥ79| triṇāciketastrimadhuḥ śruteṣvanyeṣu saṃsthitaḥ| purāṇavettā brahmajñaḥ svādhyāyī japatatparaḥ80| brahmabhaktaḥ pitṛparaḥ sūryabhaktotha vaiṣṇavaḥ| brāhmaṇo yoganiṣṭhātmā vijitātmā suśīlavān81| ete toṣyāḥ prayatnena varjanīyānimānśṛṇu| patitastatsutaḥ klībaḥ piśuno vyaṃgarogitaḥ82| sarve te śrāddhakāle tu tyājyā vai dharmadarśibhiḥ| pūrvedyuraparedyurvā vinītāṃśca nimaṃtrayet83| nimaṃtritāṃśca pitara upatiṣṭhaṃti tāndvijān| vāyubhūtāni gacchaṃti tathāsīnānupāsate84| dakṣiṇaṃ jānucālabhya vāmaṃ pātyanimaṃtrayet| akrodhanaiḥ śaucaparaiḥ susnātairbrahmavādibhiḥ85| bhavitavyaṃ bhavadbhistu mayā ca śrāddhakarmaṇi| pitṛyajñaṃ vinirvartya tarpaṇākhyaṃ tu yognimān86| piṃḍānvāhāryakaṃ kuryācchrāddhamiṃdukṣaye tathā| gomayenānulipte tu dakṣiṇāplavanasthale87| śrāddhaṃ samārabhedbhaktyā goṣṭhe vā jalasannidhau| agnimānnirvapetpitryaṃ caruṃ vā saktumuṣṭibhiḥ88| pitṛbhyo nirvapāmīti sarvaṃ dakṣiṇato nyaset| abhighārya tataḥ kuryānnirvāpatrayamagrataḥ89| te vitastyāyatāḥ kāryāścaturaṅgulavistṛtāḥ| darvītrayaṃ ca kurvīta khādiraṃ rajatānvitam90| ratnimātraṃ pariślakṣṇaṃ hastākārāgramuttamam| udapātrāṇi kāṃsyasya mekṣaṇaṃ ca samitkuśam91| tilapātrāṇi sadvāso gaṃdhadhūpānulepanam| āharedapasavyaṃ ca sarvaṃ dakṣiṇataḥ śanaiḥ92| evamāsādya tatsarvaṃ bhavanasyottareṃtare| gomayenānuliptāyāṃ gomūtreṇa ca maṃḍalam93| sākṣatābhiḥ sapuṣpābhiradbhiḥ savyāpasavyavat| viprāṇāṃ kṣālayetpādāvabhivaṃdya punaḥpunaḥ94| āsaneṣūpaviṣṭeṣu darbhavatsu vidhānataḥ| upaspṛṣṭodakānviprānupaveśyānumaṃtrayet95| dvau daive pitṛkṛtye trīnekaikaṃ cobhayatra vā| bhojayedīśvaropīha na kuryādvistaraṃ budhaḥ 96| daivapūrvaṃ nivedyātha viprānarghādinā budhaiḥ| agnau kuryādanujñāto viprairvipro yathāvidhi 97| svagṛhyoktena vidhinā kāle kṛtvā samaṃtataḥ| agnīṣomamayābhyāṃ tu kuryādāpyāyanaṃ budhaḥ98| dakṣiṇāgnau praṇītena sa evāgnirdvijottamaḥ| yajñopavītānnirvartya tataḥ paryukṣaṇādikam99| prācīnāvītinā kāryametatsarvaṃ vijānatā| labdhvā tasmādviśeṣeṇa piṃḍānkurvīta codakaṃ100 1.9.100| dadyādudakapātraistu salilaṃ savyapāṇinā| dadyātsarvaṃ prayatnena damayukto vimatsaraḥ101| vidhāya rekhāṃ yatnena nirvapedavanejanaṃ| dakṣiṇābhimukhaḥ kuryāttato darbhānnidhāya vai102| nidhāya piṃḍamekaikaṃ sarvaṃ darbhoparikramāt| nirvapedatha darbheṣu nāmagotrānukīrtanaiḥ103| teṣu darbheṣu taṃ hastaṃ vimṛjyāllepabhāgināṃ| tathaiva ca japaṃ kuryātpunaḥ pratyavanejanam104| jalayuktaṃ namaskṛtya gaṃdhadhūpārcanādibhiḥ| evamāvāhya tatsarvaṃ vedamaṃtrairyathoditaiḥ105| ekāgnarekaevādbhirnirvapeddarvikāṃ tathā| tataḥ kṛtvā naro dadyātpitṛbhyastu kuśānbudhaḥ106| tataḥ piṃḍādikaṃ kuryādāvāhanavisarjanam| tato gṛhītvā piṃḍebhyo mātrāḥ sarvāḥ krameṇa tu107| tāneva viprānprathamamāśayitvā ca mānavaḥ| varṇayanbhojayedannamiṣṭaṃ pūrtaṃ ca sarvadā108| varjayetkrodhaparatāṃ smarannārāyaṇaṃ harim| tṛptānjñātvā punaḥ kuryādvikiraṃ sārvavarṇikaṃ109| vidhṛtya sodakaṃ tvannaṃ satilaṃ prakṣipedbhuvi| ācāṃteṣu punardadyājjalaṃ puṣpākṣatodakam110| svadhāvācanakaṃ sarvaṃ piṃḍopari samācaret| devādyaṃtaṃ prakurvīta śrāddhanāśonyathā bhavet111| visṛjya viprānpraṇatasteṣāṃ kṛtvā pradakṣiṇam| dakṣiṇāṃdiśamākāṃkṣanpitṝnuddiśya mānavaḥ112| dātāro nobhivarddhaṃtāṃ vedāḥ santatireva ca| śraddhā ca no mā vyagamadbahudeyaṃ ca nostviti113| annaṃ ca no bahubhavedatithīṃśca labhemahi| yācitāraśca naḥ saṃtu mā ca yāciṣma kaṃcana114| etadagnimataḥ proktamanvāhāryaṃ tu pārvaṇaṃ| yatheṃdusaṃkṣaye tadvadanyatrāpi nigadyate115| piṃḍāṃstu gojaviprebhyo dadyādagnau jalepi vā| vaprāṃte vātha vikiredāpobhiratha vāpayet116| patnīṃ tu madhyamaṃ piṃḍaṃ prāśayedvinayānvitām| ādhatta pitaro garbhaṃ putrasaṃtānavarddhanaṃ117| tāvannirvāpaṇaṃ tiṣṭhedyāvadviprā visarjitāḥ| vaiśvadevaṃ tataḥ kuryānnivṛttaḥ pitṛkarmaṇaḥ118| iṣṭaiḥ saha tataḥ śāṃto bhuṃjīta pitṛsevitam| punarbhojanamadhvānaṃ yānamāyāsamaithunam119| śrāddhakṛcchrāddhabhugyo vā sarvametadvivarjayet| svādhyāyaṃ kalahaṃ caiva divāsvapnaṃ ca sarvadā120| anena vidhinā śrāddhaṃ trivargasyeha nirvapet| kanyā kuṃbha vṛṣastherke kṛṣṇapakṣeṣu sarvadā121| yatrayatra pradātavyaṃ sapiṃḍīkaraṇātmakam| tatrānena vidhānena deyamagnimatā sadā122| ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi brahmaṇā yadudīritam| śrāddhaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ nāma bhuktimuktiphalapradam123| ayane viṣuve caiva amāvasyārkasaṃkrame| amāvasyāṣṭakā kṛṣṇapakṣa paṃcadaśīṣu ca124| ārdrā maghā rohiṇīṣu dravyabrāhmaṇasaṃgame| gajacchāyāvyatīpāte viṣṭivaidhṛtivāsare125| vaiśākhasya tṛtīyāyāṃ navamīkārtikasya ca| paṃcadaśī tu māghasya nabhasye ca trayodaśī126| yugādayaḥ smṛtā hyetāḥ pitṝpakṣopakārikāḥ| tathā manvaṃtarādau ca deyaṃ śrāddhaṃ vijānatā127| aśvayuṅnavamī caiva dvādaśī kārtike tathā| tṛtīyā caitramāsasya tathā bhādrapadasya ca128| phālgunasya tvamāvāsyā pauṣasyaikādaśī tathā| āṣāḍhasyāpi daśamī māghamāsasya saptamī129| śrāvaṇe cāṣṭamī kṛṣṇā tathāṣāḍhī ca pūrṇimā| kārtikī phālgunī caivā jyeṣṭhe paṃcadaśī sitā130| manvaṃtarādayastvetā dattasyākṣayakārikāḥ| pānīyamapyatra tilairvimiśraṃ dadyātpitṛbhyaḥ prayato manuṣyaḥ131| śrāddhaṃ kṛtaṃ tena samāssahasraṃ rahasyametatpitaro vadaṃti| vaiśākhyāmupavāseṣu tathotsavamahālaye132| tīrthāyatanagoṣṭheṣu dvīpodyānagṛheṣu ca| vivikteṣūpalipteṣu śrāddhaṃ deyaṃ vijānatā133| viprānpūrveparecāhni vinītātmāni maṃtrayet| śīlavṛttaguṇopetānvayorūpasamanvitān134| dvau daive pitṛkṛtye trīnekaikamubhayatra vā| bhojayetsusamṛddhopi na prakurvīta vistaram135| viśvedevānyavaiḥ puṣpairabhyarcyāsanapūrvakaṃ| pūrayetpātrayugmaṃ tu sthāpyaṃ darbhapavitrake136| śannodevītyapaḥ kuryādyavosīti yavānapi| gaṃdhapuṣpaistu saṃpūjya viśvāndevānpratinyaset137| viśvedevāsa ityābhyāmāvāhya vikiredyavān| yavosi dhānyarājastvaṃ vāruṇo madhumiśritaḥ138| nirṇudaḥ sarvapāpānāṃ pavitra ṛṣisaṃstutaḥ| gaṃdhapuṣpairalaṃkṛtya yā divyetyarghamutsṛjet39| abhyarcya gaṃdhādyutsṛjya pitṛyajñaṃ samārabhet| darbhāsanādi kṛtvādau trīṇi pātrāṇi cārcayet140| sapavitrāṇi kṛtvādau śannodevītyapaḥ kṣipet| tilosīti tilānkuryādgandhapuṣpādikaṃ punaḥ141| pātraṃ vanaspatimayaṃ tathā parṇamayaṃ punaḥ| rājataṃ vā prakurvīta tathā sāgarasaṃbhavam142| sauvarṇaṃ rājataṃ tāmraṃ pitṝṇāṃ pātramucyate| rajatasya kathā vāpi darśanaṃ dānameva ca143| rājatairbhājanaireṣāṃ pitṝṇāṃ rajatānvitaiḥ| vāryapi śraddhayā dattamakṣayāyopakalpate144| adyāpi pitṛpātreṣu pitṝṇāṃ rājatānvitam| śivanetrodbhavaṃ yasmāduttamaṃ pitṛvallabham145| evaṃ pātrāṇi saṃkalpya yathālābhaṃ vimatsaraḥ| yā divyeti piturnāma gotre darbhānkare nyaset146| pitṝnāvāhayiṣyāmi tathetyuktaḥ sa taiḥ punaḥ| uśaṃtastvā tathāyantu ṛgmyāmāvāhayetpitṝn147| yā divyetyarghyamutsṛjya dadyādgaṃdhādikaṃ tataḥ| vastrottaraṃ darbhapūrvaṃ datvā saṃśrayamāditaḥ148| pitṛpātre nidhāyātha nyubjamuttarato nyaset| pitṛbhyaḥ sthānamasīti nidhāya pariveṣayet149| tatrāpi pūrvataḥ kuryādagnikāryaṃ vimatsaraḥ| ubhābhyāmapi hastābhyāmāhṛtya pariveṣayet150 1.9.150| uśantastveti taṃ darbhaṃ pāṇibhaktaṃ viśeṣataḥ| guṇānvitaiśca śākādyairnānābhakṣyaistathaiva ca151| annaṃ ca sadadhikṣīraṃ goghṛtaṃ śarkarānvitaṃ| māsaṃ prīṇāti vai sarvānpitṝnityāha padmajaḥ152| dvau māsau matsyamāṃsena trīnmāsānhāriṇena tu| aurabhreṇātha caturaḥ śākunenātha paṃca vai153| vārāhasya tu māṃsena ṣaṇmāsaṃ tṛptiruttamā| saptalohasya māṃsena tathāṣṭāvājakena tu154| pṛṣatasya tu māṃsena tṛptirmāsānnavaiva tu| daśamāsāṃśca tṛpyaṃte varāhamahiṣāmiṣaiḥ155| śaśakūrmayostu māṃsena māsānekādaśaiva tu| saṃvatsaraṃ tu gavyena payasā pāyasena vā156| saukareṇa tu tṛpyaṃte māsānpaṃcadaśaiva tu| vārdhrīṇasasya māṃsena tṛptirdvādaśavārṣikī157| kālaśākena cānaṃtyaṃ khaḍgamāṃsena caiva hi| yatkiṃcinmadhunā miśraṃ gokṣīraṃ dadhipāyasam158| dattamakṣayamityāhuḥ pitaraḥ pūrvadevatāḥ| svādhyāyaṃ śrāvayetpitryaṃ purāṇānyakhilāni ca159| brahmaviṣṇvarkarudrāṇāṃ stavāni vividhāni ca| iṃdreśasomasūktāni pāvamānīśca śaktitaḥ160| bṛhadrathaṃtaraṃ tatra jyeṣṭhasāmātha rauravaṃ| tathaiva śāṃtikādhyāyaṃ madhubrāhmaṇameva ca161| maṇḍalabrāhmaṇaṃ tadvatprītikāri ca yatpunaḥ| viprāṇāmātmanaścāpi tatsarvaṃ samudīrayet162| bhāratādhyayanaṃ kāryaṃ pitṝṇāṃ paramapriyaṃ| bhuktavatsu ca vipreṣu bhojyatoyādikaṃ nṛpa163| sārvavarṇikamannādyamānayetsāvadhāraṇaṃ| samutsṛjedbhuktavatāmagrato vikirānbhuvi164| agnidagdhāśca ye jīvā yepyadagdhāḥ kule mama| bhūmau dattena tṛpyaṃtu tṛptā yāṃtu parāṃ gatiṃ165| yeṣāṃ na mātā na pitā na baṃdhurna cāpi mitraṃ na tathānnamasti| tattṝptayennaṃ bhuvi dattametatpayātu yogāya yato yataste166| asaṃskṛtapramītānāṃ tyāgināṃ kulabhāgināṃ| uchiṣṭabhāgadheyānāṃ darbheṣu vikirāsanaṃ167| tṛptānjñātvodakaṃ dadyātsakṛdvikiraṇe tathā| vipraliptamahīpṛṣṭe gośakṛnmūtravāriṇā168| nidhāya darbhānvidhivaddakṣiṇāgrānprayatnataḥ| sarvavarṇavidhānena piṃḍāṃśca pitṛyajñavat169| avanejanapūrvaṃ tu nāmagotraṃ tu mānavaḥ| uktvā puṣpādikaṃ datvā kṛtvā pratyavanejanaṃ170| jñātvāpasavyaṃ savyena pāṇinā triḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ| pitṛvanmātṛkaṃ kāryaṃ vidhivaddarbhapāṇinā171| dīpaprajvālanaṃ tadvatkuryātpuṣpārcanaṃ budhaḥ| tathā cāṃteṣu cācamya dadyāccāpaḥ sakṛtsakṛt172| tathā puṣpākṣatānpaścādakṣayyodakameva ca| satilaṃ nāmagotreṇa dadyācchaktyā ca dakṣiṇām173| gobhūhiraṇyavāsāṃsi bhavyāni śayanāni ca| dadyādyadiṣṭaṃ viprāṇāmātmanaḥ pitureva ca174| vittaśāṭhyena rahitaḥ pitṛbhyaḥ prītimāvahet| tataḥ svadhāvācanakaṃ viśvedeveṣu codakaṃ175| datvāśīḥ pratigṛhṇīyāddvijebhyopi yathā budhaḥ| aghorāḥ pitaraḥ saṃtu saṃtvityuktaḥ punardvijaiḥ176| gotraṃ tathā varddhatāṃ tu tathetyuktaśca taiḥ punaḥ| svastivācanakaṃ kuryātpiṃḍānuddhṛtya bhaktitaḥ177| uccheṣaṇaṃ tu tattiṣṭhedyāvadvipravisarjanam| tato gṛhabaliṃ kuryāditi dharmo vyavasthitaḥ178| uccheṣaṇaṃ bhūmigatamajihmasyāśaṭhasya ca| dāsavargasya tatpiṃḍaṃ bhāgadheyaṃ pracakṣate179| pitṛbhirnirmitaṃ pūrvametadāpyāyanaṃ sadā| avratānāmaputrāṇāṃ strīṇāmapi narādhipa180| tataḥ sthānāgrataḥ sthitvā pratigṛhyāṃbupātrikāṃ| vājevājeti ca japankuśāgreṇa visarjayet181| bahiḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ kuryātpadānyaṣṭāvanuvrajet| baṃdhuvargeṇa sahitaḥ putrabhāryāsamanvitaḥ182| nivṛtya praṇipatyātha prayujyāgniṃ sa maṃtravit| vaiśvadevaṃ prakurvīta naityikaṃ balimeva ca183| tatastu vaiśvadevāṃte sabhṛtyasutabāṃdhavaḥ| bhuṃjītātithisaṃyuktaḥ sarvaṃ pitṛniṣevitaṃ184| etaccānupanītopi kuryātsarveṣu parvasu| śrāddhaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ nāma sarvakāmaphalapradam| bhāryāvirahitopyetatpravāsasthopi bhaktimān185| śūdropyamaṃtrakaṃ kuryādanena vidhinā nṛpa| tṛtīyamābhyudayikaṃ vṛddhiśrāddhaṃ vidhīyate186| utsavānaṃdasaṃskāre yajñodvāhādimaṃgale| mātaraḥ prathamaṃ pūjyāḥ pitarastadanaṃtaraṃ187| tato mātāmahā rājanviśvedavāstathaiva ca| pradakṣiṇopacāreṇa dadhyakṣataphalodakaiḥ188| prāṅmukho nirvapetpiṃṇḍānpūrvāṃścaiva purātanān| saṃpannamityabhyudaye dadyādarghaṃ dvayordvayoḥ189| yugmā dvijātayaḥ pūjyā vastrākalpāṃbarādibhiḥ| tilakāryaṃ yavaiḥ kāryaṃ tacca sarvānupūrvakaṃ190| maṃgalyāni ca sarvāṇi vācayeddvijapuṃgavān| evaṃ śūdropi sāmānyaṃ vṛddhiśrāddhaṃ ca sarvadā191| namaskāreṇa maṃtreṇa kuryāddānāni vai budhaḥ| dānaṃ pradhānaṃ śūdrasya ityāha bhagavānprabhuḥ| dānena sarvakāmāptistasya saṃjāyate yataḥ192|
English translation
Bhīṣma said :
1. O revered one, I wish to learn about the best family of the manes ( pitṛs ), and also particularly of Ravi , of the deity of Śrāddha i.e. Soma .
Pulastya said :
2. I shall narrate to you the best family of the manes. In the heaven there are seven groups of the manes. Out of them three are incorporeal.
3. Of all (the manes) of unlimited lustre four are corporeal. The incorporeal groups of manes are said to belong to Vairāja Prajāpati .
4. They are (whom groups of gods worship) called Vairāja. They fallen from Yoga , attained eternal worlds.
5. Again at the end of Brahmā ’s day, these teachers of Veda are born and would again get recollection and the excellent Sāṃkhya and Yoga.
6. Again by means of deep and abstract meditation they would attain the state of perfection, (reaching) which rebirth is not obtained. Therefore, givers of gifts should offer obsequial oblations to the Yogins only.
7. The mind-born daughter of these is supposed to be the wife of Himālaya . Her son was Maināka , and his son was Krauñca .
8-10. He is remembered to have held together the fourth Dvīpa , viz. Krauñca. Menā gave birth to three daughters possessing deep and abstract meditation, viz. Umā, Ekaparṇā and Parṇā, engaged in severe vows. Himavat gave these daughters, superior due to their austerities, (marrying) one to Rudra , another to Bhṛgu and the third to Jaigiṣavya. I shall now tell you about the music in the world of manes; listen to it.
11. There are worlds named Somapatha , where live the sons of Mārīca ; by (living there) they are manes, and gods honour them fully.
12. They lived where the sacrifices are called ‘ Agniṣvātta ’. Their daughter was Acchodā of excellent complexion.
13. Formerly the manes also fashioned there a lake named Acchodā. Acchodā practised penance for one thousand divine years.
14-15. The manes, having divine forms, having divine flowers and unguents, all pre-eminent, strong and resembling Cupid, came there and being pleased would indeed grant her a boon. That lady, having seen among them a mane named Amāvasu being oppressed by passion and desiring a groom, longed for him.
16-18. Due to that violation that beautiful lady deviated from her concentration, went (down) to the earth, though she never touched the ground. And Amāvasu due to his steadiness did not long for her who had bowed to him. She came to be known in the world as Amāvāsyā . Since she was dear to the manes, she made the gift (given on Amāvāsyā) inexhaustible.
19. Acchodā, helpless and with her face hung down due to the loss (of the merit) of her penance, again entreated the manes for her prosperity.
20. The bashful and miserable one was thus addressed by the manes taking into consideration her future and her worship of gods.
21. The magnimous ones thus spoke to her with words auspicious due to their favour:
22. “O you of excellent complexion, the fruit of whatever is done with a divine body in heaven is to be enjoyed with that (body) only. The deeds done in human life give their fruits instantly after death, in the divine life.
23. Therefore perform good deeds whose fruits you will obtain after death. In the twenty-eighth Dvāpara -period you will be born in the fish species.
24. Due to your disregard for the manes you will obtain (birth in) an evil family. Thence you will certainly be the daughter of king Vasu .
25. As a maiden you will certainly obtain the divine worlds difficult to get.
26. From the semen of Parāśara you will get a son named Bādarāyaṇa in a grove full of the badari trees. That your son will divide one Veda into many.
27-28. Having begotten these two sons, viz. Vicitravīrya and Citrāṅgada , to that intelligent Paurava , viz. Śantanu , the secondary incarnation of Śiva , you will be again born as Prauṣṭhapadī and Aṣṭakā in the world of manes.
29-30. In the (mortal) world you will be Satyavatī and Aṣṭakā in the world of manes. You will be giver of (long) life, health and wealth and will always fulfil all desires (while) in the other world; and you will become the river named Acchodā of holy water and the best river in the worlds.”
31. Thus addressing her the groups (of manes) vanished there only; and she also obtained the fruit of her bad deed which I have already told.
32-34. In heaven there are other very lustrous worlds called Vibhrāj, where there are manes called Barhiṣad , of good vows, where (i.e. in these worlds) there are thousands of aeroplanes equipped with seats of Kuśa grass, where there are desire-yielding trees, in the halls for festive occasions in which those groups of demons, gods, Gandharvas , Apsarasas , also groups of Yakṣas , fiends, making obsequial offering are delighted and worship deities in heaven.
35. They (the Barhiṣads ) are hundreds of sons of Pulastya ; they are endowed with austerities and concentration of mind.
36. They are magnanimous ones and give security to their devotees.
37. Their mind-born daughter is known as Pīvarī . She, a contemplative saint and a divine mother, of abstract meditation, practised a very severe panance. The lord was pleased with her, and then she asked for a boon.
38. “O god, the foremost among the eloquent, if you are pleased, give me a husband possessed of abstract meditation, handsome and one who has controlled his organs of sense”.
39. The lord said: “When Śuka , the master of Yoga (and), Vyāsa ’s son, will be born, you, of a good vow, will be his wife.
40. You will have a saintly daughter Kṛtti by name; you should give her in marriage to Sāttvata , the lord of Pāñcāla .
41. Then she will be the mother of Brahmadatta and will be known as having mastered the tenets of Yoga. You will have sons named Kṛṣṇagaura and Śambhu .
42. They will be (regarded as) holy even among the specially respected ones who have all their desires fulfilled and are devoted; what to speak of the devoted brāhmaṇas who make obsequial offerings and perform (religious) rites?
43. They have in heaven, a mind-born daughter named Gau. She is a good daughter, a loving wife and adds to the fame of the Sādhyas .
44. In the orb of the sun there are worlds named Marīci-garbha where the manes getting oblations and sons of Speech live.
45. To these worlds go the best Kṣatriyas performing obsequial rites at sacred places; they are the ancestors of kings and are givers of fruits like enjoyments in heaven.
46. The mind-born daughter is known to be Yaśodā , who is the wife of Aṃśumat and the eldest daughter-in-law of Pañcajana .
47. She is the mother of Dilīpa and grand-mother of Bhagīratha . There are worlds named Kāmadugha giving the fruits in the form of enjoyment of desires.
48-50. There live sonless manes named Susvadhā. In the worlds named Ājyapā of Kardama Prajāpati, there are the elderly relatives of Pulaha and the Vaiśyas honour them; those who perform the obsequial rites go there and simultaneously meet their mothers, brothers, fathers, sisters, friends and relatives, thousands of whom, not known before, are seen there after myriads of existences.
51. The mind-born daughter of these is known as Virajā . She was the wife of Nahuṣa and the mother of Yayāti .
52. Later, she, having gone to the Brahmaloka , became Aṣṭakā. I have told you about these three groups. I shall (now) describe the fourth.
53. There are worlds by name Sumanas which exist beyond the world of Brahmā. Here manes named Somapā live eternally.
54-57. All they were further than Brahmā and were piety embodied. Born at the end of deluge, they, practising deep meditation having reached Brahman , and having fashioned the world etc. have now settled in Mānasa . Their daughter is the river Narmadā , who purifies beings and flows to the Western Ocean. Men, knowing that all beings and whatever is created at the time of creation are (created) from them, always devoutly offer obsequial offerings to them. From them only due to their favour a man gets devoted children.
58-59. Thus Śrāddha had been created at the first creation of the manes. Whatever is offered with the utterance of Svadhā to all these manes in a silver pot or a pot of imitation silver always pleases them. The wise should always satisfy the Āgnīdhra and the Somapā.
60. In the absence of fire the offering (should be) made on the brāhmaṇa ’s hand or under the Ajākarṇa or Aśvakarṇa tree or in a cowpen or near a god.
61. The proper place for the manes is said to be the southern direction. (While making offerings to them) the sacred thread should be worn over the right shoulder and passed under the left arm and offering of sesamum (should be made).
62-63. The flesh of rhinoceros, food, śyāmāka and śāli -grains, barley, nīvāra grains, kidney-beans, sugar-cane and white flowers and fruits are always dear to and commended for the manes, and also, Darbhas , beans, Ṣaṣṭikā -rice, sweetened milk, honey and ghee .
64-65. I shall now tell you things to be avoided at the obsequial rite. Masūra -pulse. hemp (seeds), winnowed bean and Kuluttha grains, lotuses, bilva , flowers of sun-plant, of Duttūra , Nimba -leaves, Aṭarūṣa, and also goat-milk.
66. One desiring wealth should not give Kodrava , Varāṭa , Kapittha , Aśoka -flowers and flax .
67. Him, who pleases the manes with devotion, the manes also please. The manes give him the fruit in the form of nourishment, health, and progeny.
68. Again the rite in honour of manes is superior to that in honour of gods. It is said that manes are to be satisfied before gods.
69. They are pleased quickly; they are wrathless; are unattached and of a steady affection, of a tranquil mind, intent on purity, and always speak pleasing words.
70. The manes, the deities of the Parvans always love their devotees, give them happiness; and the Sun, the god of the obsequial rite, is said to be the chief of those who receive oblations.
71. I have narrated to you all this account of the family of manes. It is meritorious, holy and leading to health. It should always be recited by men.
Bhīṣma said :
72. Having heard all this, a great devotion has again arisen (in me). (Tell me about) the time of Śrāddha, its rite, and the Śrāddha itself.
73-74. Which kinds of brāhmanas are to be fed at Śrāddhas and which ones are to be avoided; at what division (i.e. time) of the day should one begin the Śrāddha in honour of the manes? O best of brāhmaṇas, how does the food offered at a Śrāddha proceed? With which procedure should it be offered? How does it please the manes?
Pulastya said :
75. Having love for the manes one should everyday offer Śrāddha with food and water, or with milk, roots and fruits.
76-77. Śrāddha is said to be of three kinds: Nitya (regularly performed); Naimittika (occasionally performed); and Kāmya (performed for some particular desire). I shall explain to you the Nitya ( Śrāddha ). One should know it to be without a respectful offering and invocation and deity. The Śrāddha performed on the change of the moon is called Pārvaṇa . O King, the Pārvaṇa is said to be of three kinds. Please listen to them.
78-81. Listen O king, as to who are to be appointed at a Pārvaṇa : a Brāhmaṇa who keeps the fires; one who has returned from the preceptor’s house and become an initiated householder; one who has studied the Trisuparṇa ; one who knows the six limbs of the Veda; one who is well-versed in the Vedas or his son; one who is proficient in the ritual; one who knows everything; one who possesses (the knowledge of) the Vedas; one who knows the incantations, endowed with knowledge and belonging to a good family, Triṇāciketa ; Trimadhu ; well-settled in other scriptures also; knower of the Purāṇas ; knowing Brahma ; studying Vedas; eagerly engaged in muttering prayers; a devotee of Brahma; obedient to his father; devoted to the Sun and Viṣṇu ; having firm faith in abstract meditation; having control over his mind; and of a good character.
82. These are to be satisfied with effort. Now listen to those who are to be avoided: a brāhmaṇa who is fallen, or his son, an impotent brāhmaṇa, a wicked one, and a deformed one.
83. All these are to be avoided by those who know what is right. Either on the previous or on the same day one should invite the learned brāhmaṇas.
84. The manes turning themselves into air remain by those brāhmaṇas who are invited; they go to them and sit by them when they (i.e. the brāhmaṇas) sit.
85-88. Kneeling with the left leg by touching the right knee of the brāhmaṇa he should invite him. (He should tell the brāhmaṇas) ‘You should be wrathless, intent on purity, well-bathed and reciting the Vedas. I should be also like that at the obsequial rite’. One who maintains the fire, should, having performed the sacrifice in honour of the manes called Tarpaṇa (satiating), and having done Piṇḍānvāhāryaka (i.e. having offered a meal in honour of the manes), perform a Śrāddha at the wane of the moon. Having besmeared with cow dung (a spot near the) bathing place in the south, he should devoutly begin the Śrāddha either in a cowpen or (at a place) near water. He, maintaining the fire, should offer the (rice or barley-flour cooked in) the saucepan in honour of the manes with handfuls of barley-flour.
89. Saying, ‘I am offering this to the manes’, he should keep all that in the southern direction. Then having restrained himself, he should, in front of him, thrice make offerings in honour of the manes.
90. The length of these (fires) should be of the measure of twelve aṅgulis and the breadth should be four aṅgulis . He should also make three laddies of Khadira wood, fixed with silver. Its length should be a cubit; it should be smooth, excellent and its end should have the shape of the hand.
91. He should make the vessels of water of bell-metal, and also a wooden stick (for stirring up the Caru ) and sacred fuel and Kuśa .
92. Making the sacred thread hang down towards the left part of the body over the right shoulder he should slowly place all (these things, viz.) pots containing sesamum, a good piece of cloth, incense and unguent at his right hand.
93-94. Having procured all these, he should, at the northern part of the house, on the ground besmeared with cow-dung and encircled with cow-urine, wash with water (mixed) with whole rice grains and flowers, the feet of the brāhmaṇas when they are duly seated on Darbha -seats, saluting them again, placing his sacred thread once on the right and once on the left shoulder.
95. Having (thus) seated the brāhmaṇas, who have sipped water, he should invite them.
96. He should give food to two brāhmaṇas for a rite in honour of gods, to three for a rite in honour of the manes or one at each of these two rites, even though he is rich; a wise man should avoid multiplying (the number).
97. Having first performed the worship in honour of gods and having made to them respectful offering, permitted by the wise brāhmaṇa he should duly make offerings into fire.
98-99. Performing all rites according to the rules in the Gṛhya- sūtras of his branch the wise brāhmaṇa should (offer worship) to satisfy Agnīṣoma and Yama , when the southern fire is kindled, that is not the same fire. Then the best brāhmaṇa changing the sacred thread from the left shoulder to the right should do the sprinkling round of water silently and without uttering any ritual formula etc.
100-101. Then taking from it (some fire) discriminately he should prepare the Piṇḍas and offer water. He should offer water from the water-pots with his right hand. Being restrained and free from hatred he should offer all this.
102. Carefully drawing a line he should, facing the south, offer oblations in honour of the manes and (after feeding the brāhmaṇas) (give them water for) washing (their hands etc.)
103. Then placing the darbhas he should place serially one piṇḍa each on all the darbhas . Then he should offer libation on the darbhas by uttering his name and family.
104-105. Then he should touch the darbhas meant for the paternal ancestors of the 4th, 5th and 6th degrees; and also he should mutter prayers and having worshipped (the brāhmaṇas) reverentially with fragrance, incense etc. he should again wash (his hands etc.).
106. Having thus invoked all that he, maintaining a fire, should also offer the spoon with water, and with Vedic hymn as mentioned. Then the wise man, preparing Kuśas should offer them to the manes.
107-108. Then preparing piṇḍas etc. he should invoke and allow (the deities) to go. Then taking portions from the piṇḍas serially and feeding these very brāhmaṇas first, the man should praise the food, desired (by the brāhmaṇa) and pure.
I 09. He should, remembering Nārāyaṇa Hari , avoid wrath. Knowing the brāhmaṇas to be pleased he should again distribute all kinds (of food).
110. Then picking up food, he should place it on the ground with water and sesamum. When they have rinsed their mouths, he should again offer water and flowers and whole rice grains.
111. Then declaring the oblation of food to the manes he should worship the piṇḍas . He should complete (the Śrāddha ) by honouring the gods, otherwise the Śrāddha perishes.
112-114. Having given leave to the brāhmaṇas and going round them keeping them to his right, and desiring the southern direction and mentioning the manes the man (should pray): “May our donors increase; may the Vedas flourish; may our progeny increase; may our faith not go away from us; may we be able to give much; have ample food; may we have guests; may sufficient be ours (i.e. come to us); may we not beg of anyone.”
115. This is called the Anvāhārya (i.e. the monthly Śrāddha performed in honour of the manes on the day of the new moon). As it is said on the new moon day it is also said to be performed on other days.
116. The piṇḍas should be given to a cow, a goat or brāhmaṇas or may be cast into fire or water, or near the rampart.
117. He should make his modest wife eat the middle piṇḍa . (If this is done) the manes deposit a foetus into her womb which would increase the sons and (other) progeny.
118. Till the brāhmaṇas are dismissed the oblation should stand (should not be removed). Having performed the rite in honour of the manes, he should then make an offering to all gods.
119. He should then calmly eat the food partaken of by the manes, along with his dear persons.
120. One who performs a Śrāddha or eats at it should avoid eating again, should avoid journey, (or) going in a vehicle, exertion and coitus, study, quarrel and sleep by day.
121. Thus one should offer Śrāddha to anyone of the three castes, when the sun is in the zodiacal sign, viz. Kanyā , Kumbha or Vṛṣabha and always in the dark fortnights.
122. Wherever Sapiṇḍa Śrāddha is to be offered it should always be offered according to this procedure by one who maintains a fire.
123. Hereafter I shall explain (to you) the Sādhāraṇa Śrāddha as told by Brahmā and giving enjoyment and salvation.
124-126. ( Śrāddha should be offered) during the solstices and the sun’s equinoctial passage, on a new moon day, and during the sun’s passage from one zodiacal sign to another; on an aṣṭakā (i.e. a collection of three days, viz. 7th, 8th and 9th beginning from the seventh day after the full moon, new moon day, and the 15th day of the dark half, and on the days of Ārdrā , Maghā and Rohiṇī when the materials and brāhmaṇas are available; on Gajacchāyā day (when an elephant’s shadow falls in the east), on the Vyatīpāta (i.e. new-moon-day when it falls on Sunday and when the moon is in certain Nakṣatras ), on a rainy day, on the day of Vaidhṛti (i.e. the day of the conjunction of the sun and the moon), the third of Vaiśākha , the ninth of Kārtika , the fifteenth of Māgha , the thirteenth of Bhādrapada .
127-131. These are said to be the Yuga - tithis and favourable for the fortnight of the manes’. So also Śrāddha should be offered on the Manvantara tithis i.e. the ninth of the bright half of Āśvina , the twelfth of the bright half of Kārtika , the third of the bright half of Caitra , the third of the bright half of Bhādrapada , the new moon day of Phālguna , the eleventh of the bright half of Pauṣa , the tenth of the bright half of Āṣāḍha , the seventh of the bright half of Māgha , the eighth of the dark half of Śrāvaṇa , and the full moon days of Āṣāḍha , Kārtika , Phālguna and Jyeṣṭha . These are Manvantara tithis making the gifts inexhaustible. A restrained man should give on these days at least water mixed with sesamum.
132. The manes say that the secret is that such a man has performed Śrāddha for a thousand years.
133. A wise man should offer Śrāddha on the full moon day of Vaiśākha and on fast days, during festivals and in sanctuaries, at sacred places and in cowpens, in islands, gardens and houses, in solitary places that are besmeared.
134. Politely he should invite the brāhmaṇas, endowed with character and (good) behaviour and virtues and age and form, either on the previous or the same day.
135. Even though he is very rich he should feed two brāhmaṇas at the rite in honour of gods and three at the rite in honour of manes or one brāhmaṇa at (each of) the two; he should not indulge in multiplying (the number).
136. Having worshipped the Viśvedevas with barley (-flour) and flowers after offering them a seat, he should fill a couple of pots (with water) and place it on the darbha -blades.
137. Reciting (the hymn) ‘ Śan no devīḥ ’ (may the deities be to our welfare) he should offer water; reciting ‘ Yavaḥ asi ’ (you are barley) he should offer barley grains. Having worshipped Viśvedevas with sandal and flowers he should place them.
138. Having invoked them with these two (incantations) ‘ Viśvedevā saḥ ’, he should scatter the barley-grains.
139. Reciting ‘you are barley, the king of grains dedicated to Varuṇa , and mixed with honey, destroyer of all sins, holy and praised by the sages’, and adorning them with sandal and flowers he should scatter them.
140-141. Having (thus) worshipped them and having cast away the sandal etc. he should commence the rite in honour of the manes. Making seats of darbha etc. he should first consecrate three pots; putting the darbha blades in them he should sprinkle water reciting the incantation ‘ Śan no devīḥ ’. Reciting ‘ Tilosi ’ (you are sesamum), he should again put sesamum, sandal etc.
142. He should make a pot made from a tree or of leaves or of silver or gold.
143. A golden pot or a silver pot or a copper pot is said to be the pot of manes; or even the mention of silver, seeing it or its gift (delights them).
144. Even water given with faith to these manes in silver pots or pots (of metal mixed with) silver becomes inexhaustible.
145. Even now among the pots meant for (making offerings to) manes, one having silver in it, is excellent and dear to the manes, since it has originated from Śiva’s eye.
146. Thus securing the pots as available, he, without ill-feeling, should place the darbhas in his hand reciting the incantation ‘ yā divyā ’; (mentioning) the name and family of the manes (he should say) ‘I shall invoke the manes’.
147. When they (brāhmaṇas) say ‘all right’ he should invoke the the manes with the two ṛcs ‘ Uśantastvā ’, ‘ Āvantu ( naḥ pitaraḥ )’.
148. Having made a respectful offering with (the incantation) ‘ Yā divyā ’, he should offer sandal etc. First the darbhas , then a piece of cloth should be offered, and a resting place from the beginning.
149. Keeping (these) in the pot meant for manes, then having bent he should keep it to the north. Saying, ‘You are the place for the manes' he should serve up meals (to the brāhmaṇas).
150. There also he should first, free from ill-feeling, perform the rite with reference to fire. Holding the pots of the food with both hands he should serve up (the brāhmaṇas).
151. With the (hymn) ‘ Uśantastvā ’ he should keep the food in his hand on the darbha , along with subordinate dishes, vegetables etc., and eatables of various kinds.
152. Brahmā said that food with curds, milk, ghee made from cow's milk, and with sugar pleases all the manes for one month.
153. They are pleased for two months with the flesh of fish, for three months with the flesh of deer, for four months with the flesh of ram and for five months with bird’s flesh.
154. They get excellent satisfaction for six months by pig’s flesh, for seven months by red goat’s flesh, for eight months by a lamb’s flesh.
155. The flesh of a spotted antelope gives (them) satisfaction for nine months. They are satisfied for ten months with the flesh of boar and buffalo.
156. (They are satisfied) for eleven months with the flesh of hare and tortoise; for a year with cow’s milk or sweetened milk.
157. They are satisfied for fifteen months with hog’s flesh and satisfaction for twelve years is brought about by the flesh of rhinoceros. Eternal satisfaction comes by the potherb ocimum sanctum and also by the flesh of a rhinoceros.
158. The old deities—the manes—say, ‘Whatever cow’s milk, curds and sweetened milk, mixed with honey is offered becomes eternal’.
159. One should narrate the passages sacred to the manes and all the Purāṇas .
160. So also the various eulogies of Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Arka and Rudra, of Indra , Īśa, Soma and Pavamāna , according to his ability.
161. So also Bṛhadrathantara , Jyeṣṭhasāman , Rorava , and propitiatory passages and Madhu brāhmaṇa .
162. So also Maṇḍala brāhmaṇa which is agreeable. He should narrate all this to the brāhmaṇas and himself.
163. He should listen to the chapters from Bharata very dear to the manes.
164. O Prince, when the brāhmaṇas have eaten, he should bring carefully food of all kinds and water etc. He should spread it on the ground before the brāhmaṇas who have eaten.
165. ‘Those who in my family were Agnidagdhas (i.e. a class of pitṛs , who, when on earth, maintained a sacred fire) and those who were not, may be pleased with (the food) given on the ground and may get the highest place as a result of satisfaction.
166. This food is offered on the ground for the satisfaction of those who do not have mother, father, brother, not a friend; since they may go in for abstract meditation from wherever they are.’
167-168. Giving a seat to them who died without any purificatory rite being performed over them, also to the relatives who have left the family, and partaking of the remaining; knowing them to be satisfied one should offer water on the scattered (food), when the surface of the earth is besmeared with cow-dung, cow-urine and water.
169. Placing carefully the darbhas with their tips facing the south he should offer the piṇḍas of all the varieties as in the rite in honour of the manes.
170-171. After washing (his hands etc.) the man uttering his name and family, offering flowers etc., doing the washing off again, with the thread on the left and then the right shoulder should go round thrice. One should perform with darbhas in one’s hands the rite in honour of one’s mother like that of one’s father.
172. In the same way the wise one should burn the lamp and should worship with flowers; then when they have sipped water he should, having sipped water, offer water once.
173. Then he should offer flowers and whole rice-grains and inexhaustible water along with sesamum and uttering the name and family and should give presents according to his capacity.
174. He should give cows, land, gold, garments, large beds and whatever is dear to the brāhmaṇas, to himself and to the mane.
175. Void of perfidy due to wealth he should have love for the manes, then should do the recitation of ‘ Svadhā ’ and offering of water to Viśvedevas. Offering prayers to the brāhmaṇas the wise one should accept blessings from them.
176-177. He should say, ‘May the manes be amiable’, when the brāhmaṇas in return say, ‘May they be so’; ‘May my family increase’, when they in return say, ‘Let it be so’. He should make the complimentary present after devoutly lifting up the piṇḍas .
178. The remainders should remain till the brāhmaṇas are dismissed. Then he should make the domestic oblation (i.e. offering of the remnants to all creatures and household deities). This is the settled practice.
179. The remnant on the ground, the portionof the piṇḍas , is said to belong to honest and diligent servants.
180. This act of satisfying was formerly prescribed by the manes for those not practising any vow, and for the sonless and the wifeless, O King.
181. Then standing ahead of the seat and washing the water-pot, one should dismiss with the tip of a Kuśa muttering ‘ Vāja , Vāja ’.
182. He should circumambulate and walk eight steps with his relatives, sons and wife.
183. Then returning and saluting, he, knowing the incantations, employing the fire, should offer the Vaiśvadeva (rite) and make the daily offering.
184. Then at the end of the Vaiśvadeva (rite) he should, along with his servants, sons, relatives and guests eat what was enjoyed by the manes.
185. Even one who has not undergone the thread ceremony should offer this Śrāddha called Sādhāraṇa (general) fulfilling all desires on all parvans (the eighth and fourteenth day of each month and the days of the full moon and new moon).
186. Even one without a wife or while journeying, or even a Śūdra should devoutly offer the Śrāddha according to this procedure, without the accompaniment of the sacred prayers. The third Śrāddha that is enjoined is Vṛddhiśrāddha leading to prosperity.
187-188. In a festival or a happy sacrament, at a sacrifice or an auspicious celebration like marriage one should first worship the divine mothers and then the manes, then one’s mother and then the Viśvedeva , by circumambulation and with curds, whole rice-grains, fruits and water.
189. He, facing the east, should offer the earlier and the later piṇḍas . He should declare ‘It is accomplished’ and should make respectful offering to two brāhmaṇas.
190. The brāhmaṇas should be honoured in pairs with pieces of cloth or clothe etc.
191. He should speak auspicious things to the brāhmaṇas. In the same way a wise Śūdra should always perform the general Vṛddhi-śrāddha (an offering made to manes on prosperous occasions such as the birth of a son) and make presents with salutation and incantations.
192. The lord said: ‘For a Śūdra, giving gifts is the principal thing, since all his desires are fulfilled by giving in charity’.
Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 32011, revision 334428 (2022-04-03T10:19:21Z). English is N. A. Deshpande’s complete translation, controlled against its chapter page at https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-padma-purana/d/doc364129.html and the ten-volume archival witness. The witnesses are aligned at chapter level; no unsupported verse-by-verse equivalence is asserted.