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Second Skandha · Chapter 1

Chapter 1

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Second Skandha · Chapter 1

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ऋषय ऊचुः आश्चर्यकरमेतत्ते वचनं गर्भहेतुकम् । सन्देहोऽत्र समुत्पन्नः सर्वेषां नस्तपस्विनाम् ॥ १ ॥ माता व्यासस्य मेधाविन्नाम्ना सत्यवतीति च । विवाहिता पुरा ज्ञाता राज्ञा शन्तनुना यथा ॥ २ ॥ तस्याः पुत्रः कथं व्यासः सती स्वभवने स्थिता । ईदृशी सा कथं राज्ञा पुनः शन्तनुना वृता ॥ ३ ॥ तस्यां पुत्रावुभौ जातौ तत्त्वं कथय सुव्रत । विस्तरेण महाभाग कथां परमपावनीम् ॥ ४ ॥ उत्पत्तिं वद व्यासस्य सत्यवत्यास्तथा पुनः । श्रोतुकामाः पुनः सर्वे ऋषयः संशितव्रताः ॥ ५ ॥ सूत उवाच प्रणम्य परमां शक्तिं चतुर्वर्गप्रदायिनीम् । आदिशक्तिं वदिष्यामि कथां पौराणिकीं शुभाम् ॥ ६ ॥ यस्योच्चारणमात्रेण सिद्धिर्भवति शाश्वती । व्याजेनापि हि बीजस्य वाग्भवस्य विशेषतः ॥ ७ ॥ सम्यक् सर्वात्मना सर्वैः सर्वकामार्थसिद्धये । स्मर्तव्या सर्वथा देवी वाञ्छितार्थप्रदायिनी ॥ ८ ॥ राजोपरिचरो नाम धार्मिकः सत्यसङ्गरः । चेदिदेशपतिः श्रीमान् बभूव द्विजपूजकः ॥ ९ ॥ तपसा तस्य तुष्टेन विमानं स्फाटिकं शुभम् । दत्तमिन्द्रेण तत्तस्मै सुन्दरं प्रियकाम्यया ॥ १० ॥ तेनारूढस्तु सर्वत्र याति दिव्येन भूपतिः । न भूमावुपरिस्थोऽसौ तेनोपरिचरो वसुः ॥ ११ ॥ विख्यातः सर्वलोकेषु धर्मनित्यः स भूपतिः । तस्य भार्या वरारोहा गिरिका नाम सुन्दरी ॥ १२ ॥ पुत्राश्चास्य महावीर्याः पञ्चासन्नमितौजसः । पृथग्देशेषु राजानः स्थापितास्तेन भूभुजा ॥ १३ ॥ वसोस्तु पत्‍नी गिरिका कामान् काले न्यवेदयत् । ऋतुकालमनुप्राप्ता स्नाता पुंसवने शुचिः ॥ १४ ॥ तदहः पितरश्चैनमूचुर्जहि मृगानिति । तच्छुत्वा चिन्तयामास भार्यामृतुमतीं तथा ॥ १५ ॥ पितृवाक्यं गुरुं मत्वा कर्तव्यमिति निश्चितम् । चचार मृगयां राजा गिरिकां मनसा स्मरन् ॥ १६ ॥ वने स्थितः स राजर्षिश्चित्ते सस्मार भामिनीम् । अतीव रूपसम्पन्नां साक्षाच्छ्रियमिवापराम् ॥ १७ ॥ तस्य रेतः प्रचस्कन्द स्मरतस्तां च कामिनीम् । वटपत्रे तु तद्‌राजा स्कन्नमात्रं समाक्षिपत् ॥ १८ ॥ इदं वृथा परिस्कन्नं रेतो वै न भवेत्कथम् । ऋतुकालं च विज्ञाय मतिं चक्रे नृपस्तदा ॥ १९ ॥ अमोघं सर्वथा वीर्यं मम चैतन्न संशयः । प्रियायै प्रेषयाम्येतदिति बुद्धिमकल्पयत् ॥ २० ॥ शुक्रप्रस्थापने कालं महिष्याः प्रसमीक्ष्य सः । अभिमन्त्र्याथ तद्वीर्यं वटपर्णपुटे कृतम् ॥ २१ ॥ पार्श्वस्थं श्येनमाभाष्य राजोवाच द्विजं प्रति । गृहाणेदं महाभाग गच्छ शीघ्रं गृहं मम ॥ २२ ॥ मत्प्रियार्थमिदं सौम्य गृहीत्वा त्वं गृहं नय । गिरिकायै प्रयच्छाशु तस्यास्त्वार्तवमद्य वै ॥ २३ ॥ सूत उवाच इत्युक्त्वा प्रददौ पर्णं श्येनाय नृपसत्तमः । स गृहीत्वोत्पपाताशु गगनं गतिवित्तमः ॥ २४ ॥ गच्छन्तं गगनं श्येनं धृत्वा चञ्चुपुटे पुटम् । तमपश्यदथायान्तं खगं श्येनस्तथापरः ॥ २५ ॥ आमिषं स तु विज्ञाय शीघ्रमभ्यद्रवत्खगम् । तुण्डयुद्धमथाकाशे तावुभौ सम्प्रचक्रतुः ॥ २६ ॥ युद्ध्यतोरपतद्रेतस्तज्जापि यमुनाम्भसि । खगौ तौ निर्गतौ कामं पुटके पतिते तदा ॥ २७ ॥ एतस्मिन्समये काचिद्‍अद्रिका नाम चाप्सराः । ब्राह्मणं समनुप्राप्तं सन्ध्यावन्दनतत्परम् ॥ २८ ॥ कुर्वन्ती जलकेलिं सा जले मग्ना चचार सा । जग्राह चरणं नारी द्विजस्य वरवर्णिनी ॥ २९ ॥ प्राणायामपरः सोऽथ दृष्ट्वा तां कामचारिणीम् । शशाप भव मत्स्यी त्वं ध्यानविघ्नकरी यतः ॥ ३० ॥ सा शप्ता विप्रमुख्येन बभूव यमुनाचरी । शफरी रूपसम्पन्ना ह्यद्रिका च वराप्सराः ॥ ३१ ॥ श्येनपादपरिभ्रष्टं तच्छुक्रमथ वासवी । जग्राह तरसाभ्येत्य साद्रिका मत्स्यरूपिणी ॥ ३२ ॥ अथ कालेन कियता मत्स्यीं तां मत्स्यजीवनः । सम्प्राप्ते दशमे मासि बबन्ध तां मनोरमाम् ॥ ३३ ॥ उदरं विददाराशु स तस्या मत्स्यजीवनः । युग्मं विनिःसृतं तस्मादुदरान्मानुषाकृति ॥ ३४ ॥ बालः कुमारः सुभगस्तथा कन्या शुभानना । दृष्ट्वाश्चर्यमिदं सोऽथ विस्मयं परमं गतः ॥ ३५ ॥ राज्ञे निवेदयामास पुत्रौ द्वौ तु झषोद्‌भवौ । राजापि विस्मयाविष्टः सुतं जग्राह तं शुभम् ॥ ३६ ॥ स मत्स्यो नाम राजासौ धार्मिकः सत्यसङ्गरः । वसुपुत्रो महातेजाः पित्रा तुल्यपराक्रमः ॥ ३७ ॥ कालिका वसुना दत्ता तरसा जलजीविने । नाम्ना कालीति विख्याता तथा मत्स्योदरीति च ॥ ३८ ॥ मत्स्यगन्धेति नाम्ना वै गणेन समजायत । विवर्धमाना दाशस्य गृहे सा वासवी शुभा ॥ ३९ ॥ ऋषय ऊचुः अद्रिका मुनिना शप्ता मत्स्यी जाता वराप्सराः । विदारिता च दाशेन मृता च भक्षिता पुनः ॥ ४० ॥ किं बभूव पुनस्तस्या अप्सराया वदस्व तत् । शापस्यान्तं कथं सूत कथं स्वर्गमवाप सा ॥ ४१ ॥ सूत उवाच शप्ता यदा सा मुनिना विस्मिता सम्बभूव ह । स्तुतिं चकार विप्रस्य दीनेव रुदती तदा ॥ ४२ ॥ दयावान्ब्राह्मणः प्राह तां तदा रुदतीं स्त्रियम् । मा शोकं कुरु कल्याणि शापान्तं ते वदाम्यहम् ॥ ४३ ॥ मत्कोधशापयोगेन मत्स्ययोनिं गता शुभे । मानुषौ जनयित्वा त्वं शापमोक्षमवाप्स्यसि ॥ ४४ ॥ इत्युक्ता तेन सा प्राप मत्स्यदेहं नदीजले । बालकौ जनयित्वा सा मृता मुक्ता च शापतः ॥ ४५ ॥ सन्त्यज्य रूपं मत्स्यस्य दिव्यरूपमवाप्य च । जगामामरमार्गं च शापान्ते वरवर्णिनी ॥ ४६ ॥ एवं जाता वरा पुत्री मत्स्यगन्धा वरानना । पुत्रीव पाल्यमाना सा दाशगेहे व्यवर्धत ॥ ४७ ॥ मत्स्यगन्धा तदा जाता किशोरी चातिसुप्रभा । तस्य कार्याणि कुर्वाणा वासवी चातिसुप्रभा ॥ ४८ ॥

ṛṣaya ūcuḥ āścaryakarametatte vacanaṃ garbhahetukam | sandeho'tra samutpannaḥ sarveṣāṃ nastapasvinām || 1 || mātā vyāsasya medhāvinnāmnā satyavatīti ca | vivāhitā purā jñātā rājñā śantanunā yathā || 2 || tasyāḥ putraḥ kathaṃ vyāsaḥ satī svabhavane sthitā | īdṛśī sā kathaṃ rājñā punaḥ śantanunā vṛtā || 3 || tasyāṃ putrāvubhau jātau tattvaṃ kathaya suvrata | vistareṇa mahābhāga kathāṃ paramapāvanīm || 4 || utpattiṃ vada vyāsasya satyavatyāstathā punaḥ | śrotukāmāḥ punaḥ sarve ṛṣayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ || 5 || sūta uvāca praṇamya paramāṃ śaktiṃ caturvargapradāyinīm | ādiśaktiṃ vadiṣyāmi kathāṃ paurāṇikīṃ śubhām || 6 || yasyoccāraṇamātreṇa siddhirbhavati śāśvatī | vyājenāpi hi bījasya vāgbhavasya viśeṣataḥ || 7 || samyak sarvātmanā sarvaiḥ sarvakāmārthasiddhaye | smartavyā sarvathā devī vāñchitārthapradāyinī || 8 || rājoparicaro nāma dhārmikaḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ | cedideśapatiḥ śrīmān babhūva dvijapūjakaḥ || 9 || tapasā tasya tuṣṭena vimānaṃ sphāṭikaṃ śubham | dattamindreṇa tattasmai sundaraṃ priyakāmyayā || 10 || tenārūḍhastu sarvatra yāti divyena bhūpatiḥ | na bhūmāvuparistho'sau tenoparicaro vasuḥ || 11 || vikhyātaḥ sarvalokeṣu dharmanityaḥ sa bhūpatiḥ | tasya bhāryā varārohā girikā nāma sundarī || 12 || putrāścāsya mahāvīryāḥ pañcāsannamitaujasaḥ | pṛthagdeśeṣu rājānaḥ sthāpitāstena bhūbhujā || 13 || vasostu pat‍nī girikā kāmān kāle nyavedayat | ṛtukālamanuprāptā snātā puṃsavane śuciḥ || 14 || tadahaḥ pitaraścainamūcurjahi mṛgāniti | tacchutvā cintayāmāsa bhāryāmṛtumatīṃ tathā || 15 || pitṛvākyaṃ guruṃ matvā kartavyamiti niścitam | cacāra mṛgayāṃ rājā girikāṃ manasā smaran || 16 || vane sthitaḥ sa rājarṣiścitte sasmāra bhāminīm | atīva rūpasampannāṃ sākṣācchriyamivāparām || 17 || tasya retaḥ pracaskanda smaratastāṃ ca kāminīm | vaṭapatre tu tad‌rājā skannamātraṃ samākṣipat || 18 || idaṃ vṛthā pariskannaṃ reto vai na bhavetkatham | ṛtukālaṃ ca vijñāya matiṃ cakre nṛpastadā || 19 || amoghaṃ sarvathā vīryaṃ mama caitanna saṃśayaḥ | priyāyai preṣayāmyetaditi buddhimakalpayat || 20 || śukraprasthāpane kālaṃ mahiṣyāḥ prasamīkṣya saḥ | abhimantryātha tadvīryaṃ vaṭaparṇapuṭe kṛtam || 21 || pārśvasthaṃ śyenamābhāṣya rājovāca dvijaṃ prati | gṛhāṇedaṃ mahābhāga gaccha śīghraṃ gṛhaṃ mama || 22 || matpriyārthamidaṃ saumya gṛhītvā tvaṃ gṛhaṃ naya | girikāyai prayacchāśu tasyāstvārtavamadya vai || 23 || sūta uvāca ityuktvā pradadau parṇaṃ śyenāya nṛpasattamaḥ | sa gṛhītvotpapātāśu gaganaṃ gativittamaḥ || 24 || gacchantaṃ gaganaṃ śyenaṃ dhṛtvā cañcupuṭe puṭam | tamapaśyadathāyāntaṃ khagaṃ śyenastathāparaḥ || 25 || āmiṣaṃ sa tu vijñāya śīghramabhyadravatkhagam | tuṇḍayuddhamathākāśe tāvubhau sampracakratuḥ || 26 || yuddhyatorapatadretastajjāpi yamunāmbhasi | khagau tau nirgatau kāmaṃ puṭake patite tadā || 27 || etasminsamaye kācid‍adrikā nāma cāpsarāḥ | brāhmaṇaṃ samanuprāptaṃ sandhyāvandanatatparam || 28 || kurvantī jalakeliṃ sā jale magnā cacāra sā | jagrāha caraṇaṃ nārī dvijasya varavarṇinī || 29 || prāṇāyāmaparaḥ so'tha dṛṣṭvā tāṃ kāmacāriṇīm | śaśāpa bhava matsyī tvaṃ dhyānavighnakarī yataḥ || 30 || sā śaptā vipramukhyena babhūva yamunācarī | śapharī rūpasampannā hyadrikā ca varāpsarāḥ || 31 || śyenapādaparibhraṣṭaṃ tacchukramatha vāsavī | jagrāha tarasābhyetya sādrikā matsyarūpiṇī || 32 || atha kālena kiyatā matsyīṃ tāṃ matsyajīvanaḥ | samprāpte daśame māsi babandha tāṃ manoramām || 33 || udaraṃ vidadārāśu sa tasyā matsyajīvanaḥ | yugmaṃ viniḥsṛtaṃ tasmādudarānmānuṣākṛti || 34 || bālaḥ kumāraḥ subhagastathā kanyā śubhānanā | dṛṣṭvāścaryamidaṃ so'tha vismayaṃ paramaṃ gataḥ || 35 || rājñe nivedayāmāsa putrau dvau tu jhaṣod‌bhavau | rājāpi vismayāviṣṭaḥ sutaṃ jagrāha taṃ śubham || 36 || sa matsyo nāma rājāsau dhārmikaḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ | vasuputro mahātejāḥ pitrā tulyaparākramaḥ || 37 || kālikā vasunā dattā tarasā jalajīvine | nāmnā kālīti vikhyātā tathā matsyodarīti ca || 38 || matsyagandheti nāmnā vai gaṇena samajāyata | vivardhamānā dāśasya gṛhe sā vāsavī śubhā || 39 || ṛṣaya ūcuḥ adrikā muninā śaptā matsyī jātā varāpsarāḥ | vidāritā ca dāśena mṛtā ca bhakṣitā punaḥ || 40 || kiṃ babhūva punastasyā apsarāyā vadasva tat | śāpasyāntaṃ kathaṃ sūta kathaṃ svargamavāpa sā || 41 || sūta uvāca śaptā yadā sā muninā vismitā sambabhūva ha | stutiṃ cakāra viprasya dīneva rudatī tadā || 42 || dayāvānbrāhmaṇaḥ prāha tāṃ tadā rudatīṃ striyam | mā śokaṃ kuru kalyāṇi śāpāntaṃ te vadāmyaham || 43 || matkodhaśāpayogena matsyayoniṃ gatā śubhe | mānuṣau janayitvā tvaṃ śāpamokṣamavāpsyasi || 44 || ityuktā tena sā prāpa matsyadehaṃ nadījale | bālakau janayitvā sā mṛtā muktā ca śāpataḥ || 45 || santyajya rūpaṃ matsyasya divyarūpamavāpya ca | jagāmāmaramārgaṃ ca śāpānte varavarṇinī || 46 || evaṃ jātā varā putrī matsyagandhā varānanā | putrīva pālyamānā sā dāśagehe vyavardhata || 47 || matsyagandhā tadā jātā kiśorī cātisuprabhā | tasya kāryāṇi kurvāṇā vāsavī cātisuprabhā || 48 ||

English translation

1-5. The Risis said “O Suta! Your words sound wonderful to us indeed! but you have not as yet definitely spoken to us the original events in detail; so a great doubt has arisen in our minds. We know that the king S’antanu married Vyasa's mother, Satyavati. Now say, in detail in how Vyasa became her son? How such a chaste woman Satyavati, remaining in her own house, came to be married again by S’antanu? and how the two sons came to be born of S’antanu's sperm and Satyavati's' ovum? Now O highly fortunate Suvrata? Kindly describe in detail this highly sanctifying historical fact. These Risis, who are observing vows, are desirous to hear of the birth of Veda Vyasa and Satyavati.”

6-23. Suta said I bow down with devotion to the Highest Primordial Force, the bestower of the four fold aims of existence of human life, who grants to all, their desires when so prayed by the help of the Vagbhava Vijamantra with their heart and soul, for the success of all their desires. The above vija is so potent in its effect that even pronounced very lightly, even under a pretext, it grants all siddhis. So the Devi should be remembered by all means; and now saluting Her, I begin my narration of the auspicious Puranic events.

In days gone by there reigned a king, named Uparichara; he ruled over the Chedi country and respected the Brahmins; he was truthful and very religious. Indra, the lord of the Devas, became very pleased by his asceticism and presented him an auspicious celestial car (going in the air) made of pearls, and crystals, helping him in doing what he liked best. Mounting on that divine chariot, that religious king used to go everywhere; he never remained on earth; he used to remain always in the atmosphere and therefore be had his name as “Uparichara Vasu” (moving in the upper regions). He had a very beautiful wife, named Girika; and five powerful sons, of indomitable vigour, were born to him.

The king give separate kingdoms to each of his sons and made them kings. Once on an occasion, Girika, the wife of the Uparichara Vasu, after her bath after the menstruation and becoming pure came to the king and informed him of her desire to get a son; but that very day his Pitris (ancestors) requested him also to kill deer, etc., for their Sraddha (solemn obsequies performed in honour of the manes of deceased ancestors). Hearing the Pitris, the king of Chedi became somewhat anxious for his menstruous wife; but thinking his Pitris words more powerful and more worthy to be obeyed, went out on an hunting expedition to kill deer and other animals, with the thought of his wife Girika in his breast. Then while he was in the forest, he remembered his Girika, who was equal in her beauty and loveliness to Kamala, and the emission of semen virile took place. He kept this semen on the leaf of a banyan tree and thought “How the above semen be not futile; my semen cannot remain unfruitful; my wife has just now passed her menstruous condition; I will send this semen to my dear wife.” Thus thinking the time ripe, he closed the semen under the leaves of the banyan tree and charging it with the mantra power (some power) addressed a falcon close by thus “O highly fortunate one! Take this my semen virile and go to my palace. O Beautiful one! Do this my work: take this semen virile and go quick to my palace and hand it over to my wife Girika for to-day is her menstruation period.”

24. Suta said “O Risis! Thus saying, the king gave that leaf with the virile therein to the falcon, who is capable of going quick in the air, took it and immediately rose high up in the air.

25-26. Another falcon, seeing this one flying in the air with leaf in his beak, considered it to be some piece of flesh and fell upon him. Immediately a gallant fighting ensued between the two birds with their beaks.

27. While the fighting was going on, that leaf with semen virile fell down from their beaks on the waters of the Jumna river. Then the two falcons flew away as they liked.

28-39. O Risis! While the two falcons were fighting with each other, one Apsara (celestial nymph) named Adrika came to a Brahmin, who was performing his Sandhya Bandanam on the banks of the Jumna. That beautiful woman began to bathe in the waters and took a plunge for playing sports and caught hold of the feet of the Brahmana. The Dvija, engaged in Pranayama (deep breathing exercise), saw that the woman had amorous intentions, and cursed her, saying “As you have interrupted me in my meditation, so be a fish.”

Adrika, one of the best Apsaras, thus cursed, assumed the form of a fish Safari and spent her days in the Jumna waters. When the semen virile of Uparichara Vasu fell from the beak of the falcon, that fish Adrika came quickly and ate that and became pregnant. When ten months passed, a fisherman came there and caught in a net that fish Adrika. When the fish's belly was torn asunder, two human beings instantly came out the the womb. One was a lovely boy and the other a beautiful girl. The fisherman was greatly astonished to see this. He went and informed the king of that place who was Uparichara Vasu that the boy and the girl were born of the womb of a fish. The king also was greatly surprised and accepted the boy who seemed auspicious. This Vasu's son was highly energetic and powerful, truthful and religious like his father and became famous by the name of the king Matsyaraj. Uparichara Vasu gave away the girl to the fisherman. This girl was named Kali and she became famous by the name of Matsyodari. The smell of the fish came out of her body and she was named also Matsyagandha. Thus the auspicious Vasu's daughter remained and grew in that fisherman's house.

The Risis said The beautiful Apsara, cursed by the Muni, turned into fish; she was afterwards cut asunder and eaten up by the

fisherman. Very well! What happened afterwards to that Apsara? How was she freed of that curse? and how did she go back to the Heavens?

Thus questioned by the Risis, Suta spoke as follows When the Apsara was first cursed by the Muni, she was greatly astonished; she began to weep and cry like one greatly distressed and afterwards began to praise him. The Brahmin, seeing her weeping, took pity on her and said “O good one! Don't weep; I am telling you how your curse will expire. As an effect of having incurred my wrath, you will be born as a fish and when you will give birth to two human children, you will be freed of your curse.”

The Brahmin having spoken thus, Adrika got a fish-body in the waters of the Jumna. Afterwards she gave birth to two human children and became freed of the curse when she, quitting the fish form assumed the divine form and went up to the Heavens. O Risis! The beautiful girl Matsyagandha thus took her birth and was nourished in the fisherman's house and grew up there. When the extraordinarily lovely girl of Vasu, Matsyagandha attained her youth, she continued to do all the household duties of the fisherman and remained there.

Thus ends the first chapter of the Second Skandha on the birth of Matsyagandha in the Mahapurana S’ri Mad Devi Bhagavatam of 18,000 verses by Maharsi Veda Vyasa.

Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 24717, revision 273180 (2020-09-13T12:44:44Z). English is Swami Vijñanananda’s complete 1921–23 public-domain translation, controlled against the archival OCR and its chapter page at https://sacred-texts.com/hin/db/bk02ch01.htm. Historic spelling and transliteration are lightly normalized; no verse-by-verse alignment is asserted.