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Fourth Skandha · Chapter 17

Chapter 17

Unit 79 of 318Fourth Skandha · Chapter 17Fourth Skandha · Chapter 171 source entries

Fourth Skandha · Chapter 17

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जनमेजय उवाच वाराङ्गनास्त्वयाख्याता नरनारायणाश्रमे । एकं नारायणं शान्तं कामयाना स्मरातुराः ॥ १ ॥ शप्तुकामस्तदा जातो मुनिर्नारायणश्च ताः । निवारितो नरेणाथ भ्रात्रा धर्मविदा नृप ॥ २ ॥ किं कृतं मुनिना तेन व्यसने समुपस्थिते । ताभिः संकल्पितेनाथ कामार्थाभिर्भृशं मुने ॥ ३ ॥ शक्रेणोत्पादिताभिश्च बहुप्रार्थनया पुनः । याचितेन विवाहार्थं किं कृतं तेन जिष्णुना ॥ ४ ॥ इत्येतच्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि चरितं तस्य मोक्षदम् । नारायणस्य मे ब्रूहि विस्तरेण पितामह ॥ ५ ॥ व्यास उवाच शृणु राजन्प्रवक्ष्यामि यथा तस्य महात्मनः । धर्मपुत्रस्य धर्मज्ञ विस्तरेण वदामि ते ॥ ६ ॥ शप्तुकामस्तु संदृष्टो नरेणाथ यदा हरिः । वारितोऽसौ समाश्वास्य मुनिर्नारायणस्तदा ॥ ७ ॥ शान्तकोपस्तदोवाच तास्तपस्वी महामुनिः । स्मितपूर्वमिदं वाक्यं मधुरं धर्मनन्दनः ॥ ८ ॥ अस्मिञ्जन्मनि चार्वंग्यः कृतसंकल्पवानहम् । आवाभ्याञ्च न कर्तव्यः सर्वथा दारसंग्रहः ॥ ९ ॥ तस्माद्‌ गच्छन्तु त्रिदिवं कृपां कृत्वा ममोपरि । धर्मज्ञा न प्रकुर्वन्ति व्रतभङ्गं परस्य वै ॥ १० ॥ शृङ्गारेऽस्मिन् रसे नूनं स्थायीभावो रतिः स्मृतः । कथं करोमि सम्बन्धं तदभावे सुलोचनाः ॥ ११ ॥ कारणेन विना कार्यं न भवेदिति निश्चयः । कविभिः कथितं शास्त्रे स्थायीभावो रसः किल ॥ १२ ॥ धन्यः सुचारुसर्वाङ्गः सभाग्योऽहं धरातले । प्रीतिपात्रं यतो जातो भवतीनामकृत्रिमम् ॥ १३ ॥ भवतीभिः कृपां कृत्वा रक्षणीयं व्रतं मम । भविष्यामि महाभागाः पतिरप्यन्यजन्मनि ॥ १४ ॥ अष्टाविंशे विशालाक्ष्यो द्वापरेऽस्मिन्धरातले । देवानां कार्यसिद्ध्यर्थं प्रभविष्यामि सर्वथा ॥ १५ ॥ तदा भवत्यो मद्दाराः प्राप्य जन्म पृथक्पृथक् । भूपतीनां सुता भूत्वा पलीभावं गमिष्यथ ॥ १६ ॥ इत्याश्वास्य हरिस्तास्तु प्रतिश्रुत्य परिग्रहम् । व्यसर्जयत्स भगवाञ्जग्मुश्च विगतज्वराः ॥ १७ ॥ एवं विसर्जितास्तेन गताः स्वर्गं तदाङ्गनाः । शक्राय कथयामासुः कारणं सकलं पुनः ॥ १८ ॥ आश्रुत्य मघवांस्ताभ्यो वृत्तान्तं तस्य विस्तरात् । तुष्टाव तं महात्मानं नारीर्दृष्ट्वा तथोर्वशीः ॥ १९ ॥ इन्द्र उवाच अहो धैर्यं मुनेः कामं तथैव च तपोबलम् । येनोर्वश्यः स्वतपसा तादृग्‌रूपाः प्रकल्पिताः ॥ २० ॥ इति स्तुत्वा प्रसन्नात्मा बभूव सुरराट् ततः । नारायणोऽपि धर्मात्मा तपस्यभिरतोऽभवत् ॥ २१ ॥ इत्येतत्सर्वमाख्यातं मुनेर्वृत्तान्तमद्‌भुतम् । नारायणस्य सकलं नरस्य च महामुनेः ॥ २२ ॥ तौ हि कृष्णार्जुनौ वीरौ भूभारहरणाय च । जातौ तौ भरतश्रेष्ठ भृगोः शापवशादिह ॥ २३ ॥ राजोवाच कृष्णावतारचरितं विस्तरेण वदस्व मे । सन्देहो मम चित्तेऽस्ति तं निवारय मानद ॥ २४ ॥ ययोः पुत्रत्वमापन्नौ हर्यनन्तौ महाबलौ । देवकीवसुदेवौ तौ दुःखभाजौ कथं मुने ॥ २५ ॥ कंसेन निगडे बद्धौ पीडितौ बहुवत्सरान् । ययोः पुत्रो हरिः साक्षात्तपसा तोषितोऽभवत् ॥ २६ ॥ जातोऽसौ मथुरायां तु गोकुले स कथं गतः । कंसं हत्वा द्वारवत्यां निवासं कृतवान्कथम् ॥ २७ ॥ पित्रादिसेवितं देशं समृद्धं पावनं किल । त्यक्त्वा देशान्तरेऽनार्ये गतवान्स कथं हरिः ॥ २८ ॥ कुलञ्च द्विजशापेन कथमुत्सादितं हरेः । भारावतारणं कृत्वा वासुदेवः सनातनः ॥ २९ ॥ देहं मुमोच तरसा जगाम च दिवं हरिः । पापिष्ठानाञ्च भारेण व्याकुलाभूच्च मेदिनी ॥ ३० ॥ ते हता वासुदेवेन पार्थेनामितकर्मणा । लुण्ठिता यैर्हरेः पत्‍न्यस्ते कथं न निपातिताः ॥ ३१ ॥ भीष्मो द्रोणस्तथा कर्णो बाह्लिकोऽप्यथ पार्थिवः । वैराटोऽथ विकर्णश्च धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्थिवः ॥ ३२ ॥ सोमदत्तादयः सर्वे निहताः समरे नृपाः । तेषामुत्तारितो भारश्चौराणां न हृतः कथम् ॥ ३३ ॥ कृष्णपत्‍न्यः कथं दुःखं प्राप्ताः प्रान्ते पतिव्रताः । सन्देहोऽयं मुनिश्रेष्ठ चित्ते मे परिवर्तते ॥ ३४ ॥ वसुदेवस्तु धर्मात्मा पुत्रदुःखेन तापितः । त्यक्तवान्स कथं प्राणानपमृत्युं जगाम ह ॥ ३५ ॥ पाण्डवा धर्मसंयुक्ताः कृष्णे च निरताः सदा । ते कथं दुःखभोक्तारो ह्यभवन्मुनिसत्तम ॥ ३६ ॥ द्रौपदी च महाभागा कथं दुःखस्य भागिनी । वेदीमध्याच्च सञ्जाता लक्ष्म्यंशसम्भवा किल ॥ ३७ ॥ सभायां सा समानीता रजोदोषसमन्विता । बाला दुःशासनेनाथ केशग्रहणकर्शिता ॥ ३८ ॥ पीडिता सिन्धुराज्ञाथ वनमध्यगता सती । तथैव कीचकेनापि पीडिता रुदती भृशम् ॥ ३९ ॥ पुत्राः पञ्चैव तस्यास्तु निहता द्रौणिना गृहे । सुभद्रायाः सुतो युद्धे बाल एव निपातितः ॥ ४० ॥ तथा च देवकीपुत्रा षट् कंसेन निषूदिताः । समर्थेनापि हरिणा दैवं न कृतमन्यथा । ४१ ॥ यादवानां तथा शापः प्रभासे निधनं पुनः । कुलक्षयस्तथा तीव्रस्तत्पत्‍नीनाञ्च लुण्ठनम् ॥ ४२ ॥ विष्णुना चेश्वरेणापि साक्षान्नारायणेन च । उग्रसेनस्य सेवा वै दासवत्सततं कृता ॥ ४३ ॥ सन्देहोऽयं महाभाग तत्र नारायणे मुनौ । सर्वजन्तुसमानत्वं व्यवहारे निरन्तरम् ॥ ४४ ॥ हर्षशोकादयो भावाः सर्वेषां सदृशाः कथम् । ईश्वरस्य हरेर्जाता कथमप्यन्यथा गतिः ॥ ४५ ॥ तस्माद्विस्तरतो ब्रूहि कृष्णस्य चरितं महत् । अलौकिकेन हरिणा कृतं कर्म महीतले ॥ ४६ ॥ हता आयुःक्षये दैत्याः क्लेशेन महता पुनः । क्वैश्वर्यशक्तिः प्रथिता हरिणा मुनिसत्तम ॥ ४७ ॥ रुक्मिणीहरणे नूनं गृहीत्वाथ पलायनम् । कृतं हि वासुदेवेन चौरवच्चरितं तदा ॥ ४८ ॥ मथुरामण्डलं त्यक्त्वा समृद्धं कुलसम्मतम् । जरासन्धभयात्तेन द्वारकागमनं कृतम् ॥ ४९ ॥ तदा केनापि न ज्ञातो भगवान्हरिरीश्वरः । किञ्चित्प्रब्रूहि मे ब्रह्मन् कारणं व्रजगोपनम् ॥ ५० ॥ एते चान्ये च बहवः सन्देहा वासवीसुत । नाशयाद्य महाभाग सर्वज्ञोऽसि द्विजोत्तम ॥ ५१ ॥ गोप्यस्तथैकः सन्देहो हृदयान्न निवर्तते । पाञ्चाल्याः पञ्चभर्तृत्वं लोके किं न जुगुप्सितम् ॥ ५२ ॥ सदाचारं प्रमाणं हि प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः । पशुधर्मः कथं तैस्तु समर्थैरपि संश्रितः ॥ ५३ ॥ भीष्मेणापि कृतं किं वा देवरूपेण भूतले । गोलकौ तौ समुत्पाद्य यत्तु वंशस्य रक्षणम् ॥ ५४ ॥ धिग्धर्मनिर्णयः कामं मुनिभिः परिदर्शितः । येन केनाप्युपायेन पुत्रोत्पादनलक्षणः ॥ ५५ ॥

janamejaya uvāca vārāṅganāstvayākhyātā naranārāyaṇāśrame | ekaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ śāntaṃ kāmayānā smarāturāḥ || 1 || śaptukāmastadā jāto munirnārāyaṇaśca tāḥ | nivārito nareṇātha bhrātrā dharmavidā nṛpa || 2 || kiṃ kṛtaṃ muninā tena vyasane samupasthite | tābhiḥ saṃkalpitenātha kāmārthābhirbhṛśaṃ mune || 3 || śakreṇotpāditābhiśca bahuprārthanayā punaḥ | yācitena vivāhārthaṃ kiṃ kṛtaṃ tena jiṣṇunā || 4 || ityetacchrotumicchāmi caritaṃ tasya mokṣadam | nārāyaṇasya me brūhi vistareṇa pitāmaha || 5 || vyāsa uvāca śṛṇu rājanpravakṣyāmi yathā tasya mahātmanaḥ | dharmaputrasya dharmajña vistareṇa vadāmi te || 6 || śaptukāmastu saṃdṛṣṭo nareṇātha yadā hariḥ | vārito'sau samāśvāsya munirnārāyaṇastadā || 7 || śāntakopastadovāca tāstapasvī mahāmuniḥ | smitapūrvamidaṃ vākyaṃ madhuraṃ dharmanandanaḥ || 8 || asmiñjanmani cārvaṃgyaḥ kṛtasaṃkalpavānaham | āvābhyāñca na kartavyaḥ sarvathā dārasaṃgrahaḥ || 9 || tasmād‌ gacchantu tridivaṃ kṛpāṃ kṛtvā mamopari | dharmajñā na prakurvanti vratabhaṅgaṃ parasya vai || 10 || śṛṅgāre'smin rase nūnaṃ sthāyībhāvo ratiḥ smṛtaḥ | kathaṃ karomi sambandhaṃ tadabhāve sulocanāḥ || 11 || kāraṇena vinā kāryaṃ na bhavediti niścayaḥ | kavibhiḥ kathitaṃ śāstre sthāyībhāvo rasaḥ kila || 12 || dhanyaḥ sucārusarvāṅgaḥ sabhāgyo'haṃ dharātale | prītipātraṃ yato jāto bhavatīnāmakṛtrimam || 13 || bhavatībhiḥ kṛpāṃ kṛtvā rakṣaṇīyaṃ vrataṃ mama | bhaviṣyāmi mahābhāgāḥ patirapyanyajanmani || 14 || aṣṭāviṃśe viśālākṣyo dvāpare'smindharātale | devānāṃ kāryasiddhyarthaṃ prabhaviṣyāmi sarvathā || 15 || tadā bhavatyo maddārāḥ prāpya janma pṛthakpṛthak | bhūpatīnāṃ sutā bhūtvā palībhāvaṃ gamiṣyatha || 16 || ityāśvāsya haristāstu pratiśrutya parigraham | vyasarjayatsa bhagavāñjagmuśca vigatajvarāḥ || 17 || evaṃ visarjitāstena gatāḥ svargaṃ tadāṅganāḥ | śakrāya kathayāmāsuḥ kāraṇaṃ sakalaṃ punaḥ || 18 || āśrutya maghavāṃstābhyo vṛttāntaṃ tasya vistarāt | tuṣṭāva taṃ mahātmānaṃ nārīrdṛṣṭvā tathorvaśīḥ || 19 || indra uvāca aho dhairyaṃ muneḥ kāmaṃ tathaiva ca tapobalam | yenorvaśyaḥ svatapasā tādṛg‌rūpāḥ prakalpitāḥ || 20 || iti stutvā prasannātmā babhūva surarāṭ tataḥ | nārāyaṇo'pi dharmātmā tapasyabhirato'bhavat || 21 || ityetatsarvamākhyātaṃ munervṛttāntamad‌bhutam | nārāyaṇasya sakalaṃ narasya ca mahāmuneḥ || 22 || tau hi kṛṣṇārjunau vīrau bhūbhāraharaṇāya ca | jātau tau bharataśreṣṭha bhṛgoḥ śāpavaśādiha || 23 || rājovāca kṛṣṇāvatāracaritaṃ vistareṇa vadasva me | sandeho mama citte'sti taṃ nivāraya mānada || 24 || yayoḥ putratvamāpannau haryanantau mahābalau | devakīvasudevau tau duḥkhabhājau kathaṃ mune || 25 || kaṃsena nigaḍe baddhau pīḍitau bahuvatsarān | yayoḥ putro hariḥ sākṣāttapasā toṣito'bhavat || 26 || jāto'sau mathurāyāṃ tu gokule sa kathaṃ gataḥ | kaṃsaṃ hatvā dvāravatyāṃ nivāsaṃ kṛtavānkatham || 27 || pitrādisevitaṃ deśaṃ samṛddhaṃ pāvanaṃ kila | tyaktvā deśāntare'nārye gatavānsa kathaṃ hariḥ || 28 || kulañca dvijaśāpena kathamutsāditaṃ hareḥ | bhārāvatāraṇaṃ kṛtvā vāsudevaḥ sanātanaḥ || 29 || dehaṃ mumoca tarasā jagāma ca divaṃ hariḥ | pāpiṣṭhānāñca bhāreṇa vyākulābhūcca medinī || 30 || te hatā vāsudevena pārthenāmitakarmaṇā | luṇṭhitā yairhareḥ pat‍nyaste kathaṃ na nipātitāḥ || 31 || bhīṣmo droṇastathā karṇo bāhliko'pyatha pārthivaḥ | vairāṭo'tha vikarṇaśca dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pārthivaḥ || 32 || somadattādayaḥ sarve nihatāḥ samare nṛpāḥ | teṣāmuttārito bhāraścaurāṇāṃ na hṛtaḥ katham || 33 || kṛṣṇapat‍nyaḥ kathaṃ duḥkhaṃ prāptāḥ prānte pativratāḥ | sandeho'yaṃ muniśreṣṭha citte me parivartate || 34 || vasudevastu dharmātmā putraduḥkhena tāpitaḥ | tyaktavānsa kathaṃ prāṇānapamṛtyuṃ jagāma ha || 35 || pāṇḍavā dharmasaṃyuktāḥ kṛṣṇe ca niratāḥ sadā | te kathaṃ duḥkhabhoktāro hyabhavanmunisattama || 36 || draupadī ca mahābhāgā kathaṃ duḥkhasya bhāginī | vedīmadhyācca sañjātā lakṣmyaṃśasambhavā kila || 37 || sabhāyāṃ sā samānītā rajodoṣasamanvitā | bālā duḥśāsanenātha keśagrahaṇakarśitā || 38 || pīḍitā sindhurājñātha vanamadhyagatā satī | tathaiva kīcakenāpi pīḍitā rudatī bhṛśam || 39 || putrāḥ pañcaiva tasyāstu nihatā drauṇinā gṛhe | subhadrāyāḥ suto yuddhe bāla eva nipātitaḥ || 40 || tathā ca devakīputrā ṣaṭ kaṃsena niṣūditāḥ | samarthenāpi hariṇā daivaṃ na kṛtamanyathā | 41 || yādavānāṃ tathā śāpaḥ prabhāse nidhanaṃ punaḥ | kulakṣayastathā tīvrastatpat‍nīnāñca luṇṭhanam || 42 || viṣṇunā ceśvareṇāpi sākṣānnārāyaṇena ca | ugrasenasya sevā vai dāsavatsatataṃ kṛtā || 43 || sandeho'yaṃ mahābhāga tatra nārāyaṇe munau | sarvajantusamānatvaṃ vyavahāre nirantaram || 44 || harṣaśokādayo bhāvāḥ sarveṣāṃ sadṛśāḥ katham | īśvarasya harerjātā kathamapyanyathā gatiḥ || 45 || tasmādvistarato brūhi kṛṣṇasya caritaṃ mahat | alaukikena hariṇā kṛtaṃ karma mahītale || 46 || hatā āyuḥkṣaye daityāḥ kleśena mahatā punaḥ | kvaiśvaryaśaktiḥ prathitā hariṇā munisattama || 47 || rukmiṇīharaṇe nūnaṃ gṛhītvātha palāyanam | kṛtaṃ hi vāsudevena cauravaccaritaṃ tadā || 48 || mathurāmaṇḍalaṃ tyaktvā samṛddhaṃ kulasammatam | jarāsandhabhayāttena dvārakāgamanaṃ kṛtam || 49 || tadā kenāpi na jñāto bhagavānharirīśvaraḥ | kiñcitprabrūhi me brahman kāraṇaṃ vrajagopanam || 50 || ete cānye ca bahavaḥ sandehā vāsavīsuta | nāśayādya mahābhāga sarvajño'si dvijottama || 51 || gopyastathaikaḥ sandeho hṛdayānna nivartate | pāñcālyāḥ pañcabhartṛtvaṃ loke kiṃ na jugupsitam || 52 || sadācāraṃ pramāṇaṃ hi pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ | paśudharmaḥ kathaṃ taistu samarthairapi saṃśritaḥ || 53 || bhīṣmeṇāpi kṛtaṃ kiṃ vā devarūpeṇa bhūtale | golakau tau samutpādya yattu vaṃśasya rakṣaṇam || 54 || dhigdharmanirṇayaḥ kāmaṃ munibhiḥ paridarśitaḥ | yena kenāpyupāyena putrotpādanalakṣaṇaḥ || 55 ||

English translation

1. Janamejaya said O Muni! You told before that the heavenly prostitutes sent by Indra in the hermitage of Nara Narayana became lustful and desired to live with Narayana only, whose heart was calm and quiet.

2. At that moment when Narayana was about to curse them, his brother Nara desisted him from taking that step.

3-4. Now I ask you what did that triumphant Narayana Muni do, in the critical juncture, when he was repeatedly asked by those prostitutes, sent by Indra, to satisfy their lust?

5. O Grand Sire! I am very eager to know the deeds of Narayana, leading to one’s freedom. Kindly describe in detail and fulfill my wishes.

6. Vyasa said Hear, O king! I am describing to you in detail, what that high souled son of Dharma did.

7. When Narayana Hah was ready to curse them, the Risi Nara, seeing this, consoled him and desisted him.

8. Then the great sage, the ascetic son of Dharma, Narayana, leaving aside his anger, began to address them in sweet words with

countenance smiling.

9-10. O Fair women! We have determined to practise asceticism in this life; it does not therefore behove us to accept any wife; therefore shew your kindness unto us and go back to your Heaven. You would better think that those who know what is religion, they never desire to break the vow of another.

11.0 beautiful eyed ones! In the sexual pleasure, it is the delightful feeling of passionate joy that is requisite; and we are wanting in those feelings; then how can we effect that union?

12. No action can come out of no cause; this is all clear. The poets say that the sexual power and pleasure, is the feeling, the mental attitude that corresponds; and that is the only thing, that lasts. And we have no desire for that.

13. However my limbs are all very graceful, I am very fortunate and blessed in this world, otherwise how can I be the object of your sincere love towards me.

14. You all are very fortunate; therefore do now show this mercy unto me “do not break my vow.” I pray now that, in a subsequent birth, I may become your husband.

15-16. O large eyed fair women! In the twenty-eighth Dvapara Yuga, I will certainly incarnate on earth to effect the purpose of the Devas; then you all also would respectively incarnate as the daughters of kings and would also become my wives.

17. Narayana thus consented to marry them in some other next birth; and consoling them, made them go back to their Heavens. They also abandoned their mental disquietude and, on reaching back to Heavens, they explained everything to Indra.

18-19. Indra heard (from these heavenly women) what the two two Risis did and saw before him Urvas’i and other women created by Narayana from his thighs, etc., and began to extol the merits of the high souled Narayana.

20. Indra said O! How wonderful is the patience of the Muni?

What is the wonderful influence of his Tapas! Oh! He has created, by the sheer force of his Tapas, Urvas’i and these fair women, unrivalled for their beauties, from his thighs.

21. The Lord of the Devas thus extolled his merits and became freed from his anxieties. The virtuous Narayana, too, devoted himself to the practice of his Tapasya.

23. O king! Thus I have described to you, in detail, all the wonderful accounts regarding Nara Narayana.

O Superior in the descendants of Bharata! These two Nara and Narayana afterwards incarnated themselves, due to Bhrigu’s curse as the two great heroes Arjuna and Krisna, to relieve the burden of the earth.

24. The king said O respect giving Muni! Now describe in detail the life of the Avatar Krisna and dispel my mental doubt.

25-26. O best of the Munis! Why were Vasudeva and Devaki, who were chosen by the very powerful Hah and Ananta as their parents, doomed to so many miseries and afflictions. Why had these parents to remain for good many years in the prison of Kamsa, who pleased directly by their Tapasya that Bhagavan Janardana.

27. Why did Krisna taking his birth at Mathura, go to Gokula? Also what was his object to go to Dvarka, situated in the ocean, when he killed the enemy Kamsa?

28. Also why did his father, mother and relatives, leave their old holy places of residences and go abroad to live in a wretched old country?

29-31. Why was the Yadu race destroyed by the curse from a Brahmana! How did S’ri Krisna Vasudeva leave finally His body after He had relieved the burden of the earth and was about to enter into His Heaven? The evildoers of the earth were slain by Krisna and Arjuna, of unequalled prowess; but how was it, that those who plundered the wives of S’ri Hah, were not at all punished by Him?

32-33. The great personages Bhisma, Drona, Kama, the king Valhika, Virata, Vikarna, Dhristadyumna, the king Somadatta were destroyed for relieving the burden of the earth; and the plunderers were acquitted! Kindly explain the cause of this.

34. How was it that those chaste and virtuous wives of S’ri Krisna go into troubles at the latter end of their lives? There has arisen a doubt in my mind on this point.

35. Why did the virtuous Vasudeva leave his mortal coil owing to the death of his sons and why did he die an unusual death?

36. O best of Munis! The Pandavas were devoted to Krisna and they were religious; they had to suffer so many troubles!

37. Why was Draupadi so very unfortunate and she had to suffer so much miseries, and pains, who was born of Laksmi from amidst the sacrificial place and from the altar.

38-39. Why did Duhs’asan drag Her by Her hairs while She was in Her menstruation period, in the hall of audience and why was it that Sindhu Raj Jayadratha, the king of Sindhu, gave Her exceedingly mental troubles?

40. Why was it that Her five sons residing in Her house were killed by AsVaththama? What was the cause that the son of Subhadra had to die in the battlefield?

41. Why did the king Kamsa kill the six sons of Devaki; and why was it that S’ri Hah who was capable of averting the Fate did not at all prevent that?

42. What a wonder is this that in the matters of Brahmana’s curse toward the Jadavas, their being killed in the Prabhasa, the total extermination the Jadu race and the plundering of His wives, why did He allow Fate to do these great momentous things?

43. If He was the all-powerful God and He Himself Narayana, that why did He incessantly act like a slave towards Ugrasena.

N.B. - Ugrasena was the king of Mathura and father of Kamsa. He was deposed by his son; but Krisna after having slain Kamsa restored him to the throne.

44-45. All these bring doubt in our minds regarding Narayana Muni that His deeds are always like those of ordinary persons; why did his pleasures and pains resemble those of ordinary human beings? Were he God, why his actions were not Godly? (i.e., superhuman)

46. Therefore dost Thou describe in detail all the Divine Leelas (playful sports) done by Hah of superhuman powers in this world.

47. O Best of Munis! When one’s longevity expires, one dies; then I cannot understand what glory was manifested by Hah in killing the Daityas? For Fate Killed them; not Hah.

48. Was not the doing of Hari like a thief when he stole away the Lady Rukmini and fled quickly to his own place.

49. What did it mean when he fled to Dvarka city, and quitted his own highly prosperous town Mathura simply out of the fear of Jarasandha?

50. Did not anybody at that time recognise that he was S’ri Bhagavan Hah? O Respected One! Were he Bhagavan, why did He hide himself in Vraja? Please explain the cause to me.

51. O Muni! These and many other doubts always exist in my mind; you are the best of the Dvijas and blessed; I pray, dost thou remove these doubts.

52-53. O best of Munis! Another doubt exists and is not dispelled and that is secret. Was not the taking of the five husbands by Panchali for herself shameful and despised by the society? The good manners and doings are always considered by the learned as the proofs of virtue. Why did those Pandavas, then, capable in every respect, do this thing like brutes?

54. And what did Bhisma do living like a Deva in this world? May I ask, was his act of producing two sons by a widow and thus preserving his line of ancestors worthy of his name?

55. The religious sanction advocated by the Munis “Procreate sons in any way whatsoever” is simply shameful. Fie to this religious sanction.

Here ends the 17th Chapter in the 4th Book of S’ri mad Devi Bhagavatam of 18000 verses by Maharsi Veda Vyasa on the

questions asked by Janamejaya.

Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 25184, revision 76342 (2016-08-19T16:41:20Z). English is Swami Vijñanananda’s complete 1921–23 public-domain translation, controlled against the archival OCR and its chapter page at https://sacred-texts.com/hin/db/bk04ch17.htm. Historic spelling and transliteration are lightly normalized; no verse-by-verse alignment is asserted.