राम
V.3211.3111.33

Chapter 11 · Verse 32·Spoken by Krishna

कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः। ऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः

kālo ’smi loka-kṣhaya-kṛit pravṛiddho lokān samāhartum iha pravṛittaḥ ṛite ’pi tvāṁ na bhaviṣhyanti sarve ye ’vasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣhu yodhāḥ

—:—— / —:——

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Sanskrit recitation by Swami Brahmānanda

Audio from the Gītā Supersite, IIT Kanpur

Word by Word

śhrī-bhagavān uvāchathe Supreme Lord saidkālaḥtimeasmiI amloka-kṣhaya-kṛitthe source of destruction of the worldspravṛiddhaḥmightylokānthe worldssamāhartumannihilationihathis worldpravṛittaḥparticipationṛitewithoutapieventvāmyouna bhaviṣhyantishall cease to existsarveallyewhoavasthitāḥarrayedprati-anīkeṣhuin the opposing armyyodhāḥthe warriors

Reading set · 5 translations · 3 commentaries

Translation · 5 voices

The Blessed Lord said, "I am the world-destroying Time, grown in stature and now engaged in annihilating the creatures. Even without you, all the warriors arrayed in the confronting armies will cease to exist!"

Swami Gambiranandaafter Śaṅkara's bhāṣya· paired with Śaṅkara

The Lord said, "I am the world-destroying Time. Manifesting myself fully, I have begun to destroy the worlds here. Even without you, none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile ranks will survive."

Swami Adidevanandaafter Rāmānuja's bhāṣya· paired with Rāmānuja

The Bhagavat said, "I am Time, the world-destroyer, engaged here in withdrawing the worlds that are overgrown. Even without you (your fighting), all the warriors standing in the rival armies would cease to be."

Dr. S. Sankaranarayanafter Madhva's bhāṣya· paired with Madhva

The Blessed Lord said, "I am the full-grown, world-destroying Time, now engaged in destroying the worlds. Even without you, none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile armies will live."

Swami SivanandaThe Bhagavad Gita

Lord Shri Krishna replied: I have shown myself to you as the Destroyer who lays waste the world and whose purpose is destruction. In spite of your efforts, all these warriors gathered for battle shall not escape death.

Shri Purohit SwamiThe Geeta

ŚaṅkarācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Advaita Vedānta· Classical
Machine translation · draft

I am Time, the destroyer of the worlds, grown great, come to increase. For what purpose I have grown great, hear: I am at work, in this time, to gather in, to draw together, the worlds. Even without you, even apart from you, all these, Bhīṣma, Droṇa, Karṇa and the rest, of whom you have doubt, who stand arrayed in the hostile ranks, rank against rank, the warriors, the fighters, will cease to be. Since it is so.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.

RāmānujācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Viśiṣṭādvaita· Classical
Machine translation · draft

The Blessed Lord spoke. 'Kala' means he who reckons, who counts; reckoning the close of the lifespan of all the kingly worlds, Duryodhana foremost, I, the destroyer of them, grown great in a terrible form, am set out here, with My face toward it, to gather in the kingly worlds, to withdraw them. So by My resolve alone, even without you, even without your exertion, these kingly ones, Duryodhana foremost, all the warriors who stand on the side opposed to you, will not be; they will perish.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.

MadhvācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Dvaita· Classical
Machine translation · draft

The word 'kala' (time) denotes all the attributes of the Lord, the binding of the world, the severing, the knowing and the rest; for the roots 'kal' are read in the senses of binding, severing, knowing, and as 'kala, the wish-cow'. And that word is well known of the Lord. The Moksha-dharma says, 'fast bound by the noose of time, O Indra, you boast; this is that dark Person who takes away the creatures of the world; the dreadful one stands having bound me, as one binds a beast with a rope'; and 'Bali, bound by Vishnu, says'; and the Bhagavata, 'holding the mind on Vishnu, the sovereign Lord, whose body is time' (Bhagavata 11.15.15). 'Grown great' (pravrddha) means wholly full, or beginningless, for the scripture says, 'the right and the true, from the kindled one' (Rigveda 8.8.49.1; Mahanarayana 6.1), and 'this great being' (Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 2.4.12); and 'let Vishnu come forth, mightier than the mighty, for fierce indeed is the name of this ancient one' (Rigveda 5.6.25.3); it does not mean a growing. For the Bhagavata says, 'He was not born, He will not die, He does not increase'; and the Moksha-dharma, 'He whose form is divine, it neither wanes nor grows'. And 'not by action' (Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 4.4.23) means He is not increased even by action, how much less of Himself. He has engaged here, in a special way, to gather in the worlds. The word 'too' includes even the brothers and the rest. Their being opposed is by their being so toward one another. Not all of them will survive; the plural is apt by the distinction of the armies and the rest.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.