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Bhagavat-sandarbha · Reading 11 of 11

Sections 115–121

Unit 18 of 110Bhagavat · Sanskrit §115 · English §101Bhagavat · Sanskrit §120–121 · English §1066 source entries

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §115 · English §101

Source

[११५] तद् एवं भगवत्त्वेन ब्रह्मत्वेन न त्वम् एव तात्पर्याभिधानाभ्यां सर्व-निगम-गोचर इत्य् उक्तम् । तच् च यथार्थम् एव न तु काल्पनिकम् इत्य् आहुः । इति तव सूरयस् त्र्य्-अधिपतेऽखिल-लोक-मल- क्षपण-कथामृताम् अवगाह्य तपांसि जहुः । किम् उत पुनः स्व-धाम-विधुताशय-काल-गुणाः परम भजन्ति ये पदम् अजस्र-सुखानुभवम् ॥ [भ्प् १०.८७.१६] भोस् त्र्यधिपते त्रयाणां ब्रह्मादीनां पतिस् तत्-तद्-अवतारी नारायणाख्यः पुरुषस् तस्याप्य् उपरिचर-स्वरूपत्वाद् अधिपतिर् भगवान् । ततो हे सर्वेश्वरेश्वर यस्मात् त्वय्य् एव वेदानां तात्पर्यम् अभिधानं च पर्यवसितम् इति अतो हेतोर् एव सूरयो विवेकिनः परम्परात्वत्- प्रतिपादनमयं वेद-भागम् अपि परित्यज्य केवलं तवाखिल-लोकम् अलक्षपण-कथामृताब्धिं सकल-वृजिन-निरसन-हेतुकीर्ति-सुधा-सिन्धुम् अवगाह्य श्रद्धया निषेव्य तपः-प्राधान्येन तापकत्वेन वा तपांसि कर्माणि तानि जहुस् त्यक्तवन्तः । तेषां साधकानाम् अपि यदि तत्रैवं तदा किम् उत वक्तव्यं स्वधाम-विधुताशय-काल-गुणाः शुद्धात्म-स्वरूप- स्फुरणेन निर्जितम् अन्तःकरणं जरादि-हेतुः काल-प्रभावः सत्त्वादयो गुणाश् च यैस् ते ये पुनः तवाजस्र-सुखानुभव-स्वरूपं पदं ब्रह्माख्यं तत्त्वं भजन्ति ते तम् अवगाह्य तानि जहुर् इति । किं तर्हि ब्रह्म-मात्रानुभ्व-निष्ठाम् अपि जहुर् इत्य् अर्थः । एतद् उक्तं भवति । अत्र तावत् त्रिविधा जना मुग्धा विवेकिनः कृतार्थाश् च इति । तत्र सर्वान् एवाधिकृत्य वेदानाम् अकल्पनामयत्वेनैव भगवन्- निर्देशकता दृश्यते । तथा हि यदि तथात्वेनैव सा न दृश्येत तदा वस्तुतस् तत्-सम्बन्धाभावाद् अखिल-लोकम् अलक्ष-पणत्वेन पद-पदार्थ-ज्ञान- हीनानां मुग्धानाम् अपि यत् पाप-हारित्वं वेदान्तर्-वर्तिन्या भगवत्- कथायाः प्रसिद्धं तन् न स्यात् । अस्पृष्टानल-लोह-दाहकतावत् । किं च तस्याः कल्पनामयत्वे सति विवेकिनस् तु न तत्र प्रवेर्तेरन् बन्ध्यायाः सुप्रजस्त्व-गुण-श्रवणवत् । प्रवर्तन्तां वा तद्-आवेशेन स्व-धर्मं पुनर् न त्यजेयुः । राजयशसो गङ्गात्व-श्रवणेन तीर्थान्तर-सेवनवत् । अपि च तथा सति ये पुनर् आत्मारामत्वेन परम-कृतार्थास् ते तद्-अनादरेण तत्- कथां नैवावगाहेरन् । अमृत-सरसीम् अवगाढा आरोपित-तद्-अधिक-गुणक- नदीवत् । श्रूयते च तस्यास् तत्-तद्-गुणकत्वम् । यथा वैष्णवे - हन्ति कलुषं श्रोत्रं स यातो हरिर् [विप् ?.?.?] इत्य् आदौ । अत्रैव त्वद्-अगवमी न वेत्तीत्य् आदौ । प्रथमे हरेर् गुणाक्षिप्त-मतिर् इत्य् [भ्प् १.७.११] आदौ । तस्माद् गुणानां गुणादि-प्रतिपादक-वेदानां च भगवतो सम्बन्धः स्वाभाविक एव सर्वथेति सिद्धम् । अत्र श्रुतयः - ॐ आस्य जानन्त इत्य् आद्याः । यथा पुष्कर-पलाशम् आपो न श्लिष्यन्ति एवम् एवंविदं पापं कर्म न श्लिष्यति । न कर्मणा लिप्यते पापकेन तत्-सुकृत-दुष्कृते विधुनुते । एवं वाव न तपति किम् अहं साधु करवं किम् अहं नाकरवम् इत्य् आद्या मुक्ता ह्य् एनम् उपासत इत्य् आद्याश् च । एवम् अन्येऽपि श्लोका उपासनादि-वाक्यानां भगवत्- परतादर्शका यथायथं योजयितव्या इत्य् अभिप्रेत्य नोद्धियन्ते । ननु तर्हि भवन्-मते शब्द-निर्देश्यत्वे प्राकृतत्वम् एव तत्रापतति । किं च श्रुतिभिर् अपि यतो वाचो निवर्तन्ते अप्राप्य मनसा सह । अवचनेनैव प्रोवाच । यद्-वाचानभ्युदितं येन वाग् अभ्युद्यते यत् श्रोत्रं न शृणोति येन श्रोत्रम् इदं श्रुतम् इत्य् आदौ शब्द-निर्देश्यत्वम् एव तस्य निषिध्यत इत्य् आशङ्कायाम् उच्यते । यथा साक्षान् निर्देश्यत्वे दोषस् तथा लक्ष्यत्वेऽपि कथं न स्यात् । उभयत्रापि शब्द-वृत्ति-विषयत्वेनाविशेषात् । किं च न तस्य प्राकृतवत् साक्षान् निर्देश्यत्वं किन्त्व् अनिर्देश्यत्वेनैव तथा निर्देश्यत्वम् इति सिद्धान्त्यते ।

[115] tad evaṃ bhagavattvena brahmatvena na tvam eva tātparyābhidhānābhyāṃ sarva-nigama-gocara ity uktam | tac ca yathārtham eva na tu kālpanikam ity āhuḥ | iti tava sūrayas try-adhipate'khila-loka-mala- kṣapaṇa-kathāmṛtām avagāhya tapāṃsi jahuḥ | kim uta punaḥ sva-dhāma-vidhutāśaya-kāla-guṇāḥ parama bhajanti ye padam ajasra-sukhānubhavam || [BhP 10.87.16] bhos tryadhipate trayāṇāṃ brahmādīnāṃ patis tat-tad-avatārī nārāyaṇākhyaḥ puruṣas tasyāpy uparicara-svarūpatvād adhipatir bhagavān | tato he sarveśvareśvara yasmāt tvayy eva vedānāṃ tātparyam abhidhānaṃ ca paryavasitam iti ato hetor eva sūrayo vivekinaḥ paramparātvat- pratipādanamayaṃ veda-bhāgam api parityajya kevalaṃ tavākhila-lokam alakṣapaṇa-kathāmṛtābdhiṃ sakala-vṛjina-nirasana-hetukīrti-sudhā-sindhum avagāhya śraddhayā niṣevya tapaḥ-prādhānyena tāpakatvena vā tapāṃsi karmāṇi tāni jahus tyaktavantaḥ | teṣāṃ sādhakānām api yadi tatraivaṃ tadā kim uta vaktavyaṃ svadhāma-vidhutāśaya-kāla-guṇāḥ śuddhātma-svarūpa- sphuraṇena nirjitam antaḥkaraṇaṃ jarādi-hetuḥ kāla-prabhāvaḥ sattvādayo guṇāś ca yais te ye punaḥ tavājasra-sukhānubhava-svarūpaṃ padaṃ brahmākhyaṃ tattvaṃ bhajanti te tam avagāhya tāni jahur iti | kiṃ tarhi brahma-mātrānubhva-niṣṭhām api jahur ity arthaḥ | etad uktaṃ bhavati | atra tāvat trividhā janā mugdhā vivekinaḥ kṛtārthāś ca iti | tatra sarvān evādhikṛtya vedānām akalpanāmayatvenaiva bhagavan- nirdeśakatā dṛśyate | tathā hi yadi tathātvenaiva sā na dṛśyeta tadā vastutas tat-sambandhābhāvād akhila-lokam alakṣa-paṇatvena pada-padārtha-jñāna- hīnānāṃ mugdhānām api yat pāpa-hāritvaṃ vedāntar-vartinyā bhagavat- kathāyāḥ prasiddhaṃ tan na syāt | aspṛṣṭānala-loha-dāhakatāvat | kiṃ ca tasyāḥ kalpanāmayatve sati vivekinas tu na tatra praverteran bandhyāyāḥ suprajastva-guṇa-śravaṇavat | pravartantāṃ vā tad-āveśena sva-dharmaṃ punar na tyajeyuḥ | rājayaśaso gaṅgātva-śravaṇena tīrthāntara-sevanavat | api ca tathā sati ye punar ātmārāmatvena parama-kṛtārthās te tad-anādareṇa tat- kathāṃ naivāvagāheran | amṛta-sarasīm avagāḍhā āropita-tad-adhika-guṇaka- nadīvat | śrūyate ca tasyās tat-tad-guṇakatvam | yathā vaiṣṇave - hanti kaluṣaṃ śrotraṃ sa yāto harir [ViP ?.?.?] ity ādau | atraiva tvad-agavamī na vettīty ādau | prathame harer guṇākṣipta-matir ity [BhP 1.7.11] ādau | tasmād guṇānāṃ guṇādi-pratipādaka-vedānāṃ ca bhagavato sambandhaḥ svābhāvika eva sarvatheti siddham | atra śrutayaḥ - om āsya jānanta ity ādyāḥ | yathā puṣkara-palāśam āpo na śliṣyanti evam evaṃvidaṃ pāpaṃ karma na śliṣyati | na karmaṇā lipyate pāpakena tat-sukṛta-duṣkṛte vidhunute | evaṃ vāva na tapati kim ahaṃ sādhu karavaṃ kim ahaṃ nākaravam ity ādyā muktā hy enam upāsata ity ādyāś ca | evam anye'pi ślokā upāsanādi-vākyānāṃ bhagavat- paratādarśakā yathāyathaṃ yojayitavyā ity abhipretya noddhiyante | nanu tarhi bhavan-mate śabda-nirdeśyatve prākṛtatvam eva tatrāpatati | kiṃ ca śrutibhir api yato vāco nivartante aprāpya manasā saha | avacanenaiva provāca | yad-vācānabhyuditaṃ yena vāg abhyudyate yat śrotraṃ na śṛṇoti yena śrotram idaṃ śrutam ity ādau śabda-nirdeśyatvam eva tasya niṣidhyata ity āśaṅkāyām ucyate | yathā sākṣān nirdeśyatve doṣas tathā lakṣyatve'pi kathaṃ na syāt | ubhayatrāpi śabda-vṛtti-viṣayatvenāviśeṣāt | kiṃ ca na tasya prākṛtavat sākṣān nirdeśyatvaṃ kintv anirdeśyatvenaiva tathā nirdeśyatvam iti siddhāntyate |

English translation

English witness · section(s) 101

Anuccheda 101

1 In this way it has been proved that the Vedas describe the Supreme Brahman. That the final conclusion of the Vedas is that the Supreme is the Personality of Godhead is described in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.15): “O Lord, those who aspire for liberation from this material world must therefore worship You, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the ultimate cause of all causes. You are just like the total mass of earth, from which varieties of earthly pots are manufactured. The pots are made of earthly clay, they rest on the earth, and after being destroyed, their elements ultimately merge back into earth. For this reason the great sages place their thoughts, words, and deeds in You. How can they avoid You? How can men not place their feet on the earth as they walk?” 2 How is the Supreme Brahman (brhat) understood (upalabdham)? After the material universe is destroyed (vikrteh), the Supreme Brahman remains (avasesataya). What is that like? It is like earthly clay. As clay is transformed into pots or so many other things, the pots and other things retain their identity as clay. The same may be understood (upalabdham) of the Supreme Brahman (brhat). The Vedas consider (avayanti) that the creation and dissolution of the material world are but transformations (vikrteh) of the Supreme Brahman (brhat). The Taittiriya Upanisad (3.1.1) explains: “Everything has come from the Supreme.” As the pots and other things retain their identity as clay, so the entire world retains its identity as part of the Supreme. The question may be raised: ‘If everything is but a transformation of the Supreme, then why do the Vedas say the Supreme is “Not this, not that?” The answer is given here in the word ‘avikrtat’ (because the Supreme remains unchanged). The Supreme as the ultimate origin is again described in Vedanta-sutra (2.1.27): “Because the Supreme is the root from which the Vedic statements have sprung.” The meaning is that by His inconceivable potency the Lord remains unchanged (even though everything that exists is a transformation of Him). 3 Although the word Brahman (brhat) is used here and it is here said that Brahman has potencies, the real meaning of Brahman here is Bhagavan (Supreme Personality of Godhead). This is so because the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be separated from His potencies. Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead is not small or insignificant, He is here called Brahman (the Great). Because the example of earthly clay in this verse indicates that Brahman is the active creator of the worlds, it should be understood that the impersonal Brahman is not indicated here. In the second half of this verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.15) the Personified Vedas explain that Brahman is ultimately the Supreme Personality of Godhead. They say: “O Lord, for this reason the great sages place their thoughts, words, and deeds in You. The Supreme Personality of Godhead and the impersonal Brahman are one and the same. They are only thought to be different because in one the Lord displays His transcendental qualities and in the other He does not display them. The sages then say: “O Lord, how can the Vedas avoid You? How can men not place their feet on the earth as they walk?” This means: ‘How can the Vedas become fruitful? O Lord, they become fruitful only by finding You.’ This is confirmed by the following words (Srimad Bhagavatam 3.32.32): 4 “Philosophical research culminates in understanding the Supreme Personality of Godhead. After achieving this understanding, when one becomes free from the material modes of nature, he attains the stage of devotional service. Either by devotional service directly or by philosophical research, one has to find the same destination, which is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”* 5 In Madhvacarya’s commentary the Sruti-sastra is quoted: “All names are ultimately names of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. As rivers flow to the ocean, so all names enter the Supreme.” 6 All the Vedas describe the Supreme as the Supreme Personality of Godhead and also as the impersonal Brahman. These two names of the Lord are true. They are not imaginary. The Personified Vedas explain (10.87.16): 7 “O master of the three Lords of the universe, diving into the nectar ocean of topics about You, which washes away all the sins of the world, the wise become free of all sufferings. O great one, how can we describe the great devotees who, with a pure heart shaking off the vices of this world, the power of time, and the three modes of nature, serve You, who are full of eternal transcendental bliss?” 8 In this verse the word ‘try-adhipate’ means ‘O Lord of the three deities headed by Brahman (Brahma, Visnu and Siva)’. This means that the purusa-avatara, Lord Narayana is the origin of these three deities, and the Supreme Personality of Godhead (Lord Krsna) is, because He is naturally superior, the master of Lord Narayana. The next phrase means: ‘O master (Krsna) of the master (Narayana) of the masters (Brahma, Visnu and Siva), because You are the final goal of the Vedas, the intelligent demigods renounce their portions of the Vedic yajnas and without any other activity dive into the nectar ocean of Your glories, which washes away all sins (tava akhila-loka-mala-ksapana-kathamrtabdhim avagahya). ‘Kim uta’ means ‘what can be said?’ The phrase ‘tapamsi jahuh’ may mean either ‘they become free of all sufferings’, or ;they perform severe austerities.’ The verse continues: ‘With a pure heart shaking off both the vices of this world, the power of time, and the three modes of nature headed by the mode of goodness (sva-dhama-vidhutasaya-kala-gunah), they serve You, the Supreme Truth who is known as Brahman and who is full of eternal transcendental bliss (parama bhajanti ye padam ajasra-sukhanubhavam).’ The sequence of events here is first they dive into the ocean of nectar, then they become free of all sufferings, and then they serve the Lord. 9 The meaning here is that the devotees have given up the idea that the impersonal Brahman is the only feature of the Supreme. Here three kinds of men are described: the bewildered, the intelligent and the successful. It is seen that without any creative speculation, speaking only the truth, the Vedas describe the Supreme Personality of Godhead to these three kinds of men. If it is not seen (that the Vedas describe the Supreme Personality of Godhead) then such readers because of their ignorance do not attain the purification described in the words ‘akhila-loka-mala-ksapana.’ When the class of bewildered men do not see this (that the Vedas describe the Supreme Personality of Godhead), then the adage ‘like an iron rod untouched by fire’ describes the Vedas’ inability to purify them. When the intelligent class does not see this, but instead speculates on the meaning of the Vedas, the adage ‘Like a person who does not believe what has had heard of the virtues of the barren woman’s children’ describes their cynical rejection of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Or, this class, even after understanding the truth, will not abandon non devotional duties and serve the Lord. Then the adage ‘Like a person who, even after hearing the royal glories of the Ganges refuses to leave his own place to go there’ applies to them. When even the third class, they who are ultimately successful because they have attained self-realisation, curtly declines to dive into the nectar of the topics of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the adage ‘like a cynic who declines to dive into a nectar lake because he mistakenly thinks the river must be even more sweet’ applies to them. The true result of hearing the Lord’s glories is described in the Visnu Purana in these words: “When He enters the ears, Lord Hari kills all sins.” 10 This is also described in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.40): “Dear Lord, anyone who, by Your grace, has understood the glories of Your lotus feet is callous to material happiness and distress, which arise from You alone. He is callous to praise or condemnation by the ordinary people. If the devotee can thus maintain the transcendental position, in the association of pure devotees daily hearing Your glorious activities in different ages and incarnations, then You guarantee His liberation.” 11 This is again described in the First Canto (Srimad Bhagavatam 1.7.11): “Srila Sukadeva Gosvami, son of Srila Vyasadeva, was not only transcendentally powerful. He was also very dear to the devotees of the Lord. Thus he underwent the study of this great narration (Srimad Bhagavatam).”* 12 In this way it is proved that the Vedas describe the Supreme Personality of Godhead and His transcendental qualities. 13 This is confirmed by the following words of the Sruti: “O Visnu, by chanting Your holy name with a little understanding, we attain profound transcendental knowledge.” Rg Veda 1.156.3 “As water never touches a lotus leaf, so sin never touches a person who knows the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” Chandogya Upanisad 4.14.3 “Work done for the Supreme Personality of Godhead will not bind one to the law of karma.” Isa Upanisad 2 “One who has abandoned all material activities, whether pious or impious, is not touched by sin.” Sruti-sastra “Meditating on the Supreme Personality of Godhead, he does not think: Why did I not do pious deeds? Why did I sin?” Taittiriya Upanisad 2.9.1 “They who have attained liberation still worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” Sruti-sastra In these and other verses describing devotional service the supremacy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is described. It is not at all refuted by the words of the Sruti-sastra: 14 At this point someone may protest: ‘The words that you think describe the Supreme are still material in nature. The Supreme can never be described in words. This is confirmed in the Sruti-sastra: “Words cannot describe the Supreme. The mind will never reach Him.” Taittiriya Upanisad 2.4.1 and 2.9.1 “Words cannot describe the Supreme.” Sruti-sastra “The Supreme, who enables us to speak, cannot be described in words.’ Kena Upanisad 1.5 “He who gives the ears the power to hear cannot be heard by the ears.” Kena Upanisad 1.8 In this way the idea that the Supreme can be described in words is refuted. 15 To this doubt the answer is given: When something cannot be described directly, it also cannot be described indirectly. Why is this not so? The two kinds of description are not different because both ultimately come within the realm of words. Therefore, as material things may be described directly, so by saying the Supreme cannot be described, an indirect description is given of the Supreme. In this way it is proved that the Supreme can be described.

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §116 · English §102

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[११६] तथैव तासां महावाक्योपसंहारः - द्युपतयः एव ते न ययुर् अन्तम् अनन्ततया त्वम् अपि यद्-अन्तरान्त-निचया ननु सावरणाः । ख एव रजांसि वान्ति वयसा सह यच् छ्रुतयस् त्वयि हि फलन्त्य् अतन्-निरसनेन भवन्-निधनाः ॥ [भ्प् १०.८७.४१] अत्र स्वरूप-गुणयोर् द्वयोर् अपि द्विधैवानिर्देश्यत्वम् । आनन्त्येन इदम् इत्तं तद् इति निर्देशासम्भवेन च । तत्र प्रथमम् आनन्त्यम् आहुः । हे भगवन् ते तव अन्तम् एतावत् त्वं द्युपतयः स्वर्गादि-लोक-पतयो ब्रह्मादयोऽपि न ययुर् न विदुः । तत् कुतः । अनन्ततया । यद् अन्तव तत् किम् अपि न भवसीति । आसतां ते यस्मात् त्वम् ऐ आत्मनोऽन्तं न यासि । कुतस् तर्हि सर्वज्ञता सर्व-शक्तिता वा तत्राप्य् आहुः । अनन्ततयेति अन्ताभावेनैव । नहि शश-विषाणाज्ञानं सार्वज्ञ्यं तद्-अप्राप्तिर् वा शक्ति-वैभवं विहन्ति । श्रुतिश् च - योऽस्याध्यक्षः परमे व्योमन् । सोऽङ्ग वेद यदि वा न वेदेति [ऋग्वेद १०.१३०.१८] । अनन्तत्वम् एवाहुः यद् अन्तर् इति यस्य तवान्तरा मध्ये । ननु अहो सावरणा उत्तरोत्तर-दश-गुण-सप्तावरण-युक्ता अण्ड-निचया वान्ति परिभ्रमन्ति वयसा काल-चक्रेण खे रजांसि इव सह एकदैव न तु पर्यायेण । अनेन ब्रह्माण्डानाम् अनन्तानां तत्र भ्रमणात् स्वरूप-गतम् आनन्त्यं तेषां विचित्र-गुणानाम् आश्रयत्वात् गुण-गतं च ज्ञेयम् । श्रुतयश् च - यद् ऊर्ध्वं गार्गि दिवः यद् अर्वाक् पृथिव्या यद् अन्तरं द्याव् आपृथिवी इमे यद् भूतं भवच् च भविष्यच् चेत्य् [बौ ३.७.३] आद्याः । विष्णोर् नु कं वीर्याणि प्रवोचं यं पार्थिवानि विममे रजांसि इत्य् आद्याश् च । हि यस्माद् एवम् अतः श्रुतयश् त्वयि पर्यवस्यन्ति । अतः श्रुताव् अपि प्राजापत्यानन्दतः शत-गुणानन्दत्वम् अभिधाय पुनर् यतो वाच इत्य् आदिना अनन्तत्वेन वाग्-अतीत-सङ्ख्यानन्दत्वं ब्रह्मण उक्तम् । यद् उक्तम् न तद् ईदृग् इति ज्ञेयं न वाच्यं न च तर्क्यते । पश्यन्तोऽपि न जानन्ति मेरो रूपं विपश्चितः ॥ इति ॥ अतोऽत्रानिर्देश्यत्वेनैव निर्देश्यत्वम् । यत् तु सत्यं ज्ञानम् इत्य् आदौ स्वरूपस्य साक्षाद् एव निर्देशः । स्वाभाविकी ज्ञान-बल-क्रिया चेत्य् आदौ गुणस्य च श्रूयते तत्र च तथैव इत्य् आहुः । अतन्-निरसनेन भवन्-निधना इति । अतत् प्राकृतं यद् वस्तु तन् निरस्यैव भवत्-पर्यवसानात् । अयम् अर्थः । बुद्धिर् ज्ञानम् असंमोहम् इत्य् आदिना ह्रीर् धीर् भीर् एतत् सर्वं मन एवेत्यादिना च यत् प्राकृतं ज्ञानादिकम् अभिधीयते तत् सर्वं ब्रह्म न भवति इति नेति नेतीत्यादिना न तस्य कार्यं करणं च विद्यते इत्य् आदिना च निषिध्यते । अथ च सत्य-ज्ञानादि-वाक्येन स्वाभाविकी ज्ञान-बल-क्रिया चेत्य् आदि वाक्येन च तद् अभिधीयते । न तस्मात् प्राकृताद् अन्यद् एव तज्-ज्ञानादि इति तेषां ज्ञानादि-शब्दानाम् अतन्-निरसनेनैव त्वै पर्यवसानम् इति । ततश् च बुद्ध्य्-अगोचर-वस्तुत्वाद् अनिर्देश्यत्वं तथापि तद्-रूपं किञ्चिद् अस्ति इति उद्दिश्यमानत्वाद् अनिर्देश्यत्वं च । तथा परोक्ष-ज्ञाने च दशमस् त्वम् असीतिवद् वाक्य-मात्रेणैव तस्य स्वप्रकाश-रूपस्यापि वस्तुनो विशुद्ध-चित्ते सुप्रकाश-दर्शनात् श्रुति- शब्दस्य स्वप्रकाशता-शक्तिमयत्वम् एवावसीयते । शब्द-ब्रह्म परं ब्रह्म ममोभे शाश्वती तनू इति [भ्प् ६.१६.५१][*एन्द्नोते #४०] । वेदस्य चेश्वरात्मत्वात् [भ्प् ११.३.४४] इति । वेदो नारायणः साक्षात् स्वयम्भूर् इति शुश्रुम इति [भ्प् ६.१.४०] । किं वा परैर् ईश्वरः सद्यो हृद्य् अवरुध्यतेऽत्र कृतिभिः शुश्रूषुभिस् तत् क्षणाद् इति [भ्प् १.१.२] । अतएवौपनिषदः पुरुषः इत्य् अत्रोपनिषन्-मात्र-गम्यत्वं श्रुतिर् बोधयति । चाक्सुषं रूपम् इतिवत् । ततश् च श्रुतिमय्या स्वप्रकाशताशक्त्या प्राकृत-तत्-तद्-वस्तु-जातं तम इव निरस्य स्वयं प्रकाशते । तस्मान् न तत्रापि निर्देश्यत्वम् । नहि स्वेन प्रकाशेन रविः प्रकाश्यो भवति यथा तेन घट इति वक्तुं युज्यते स्वाभिन्नत्वात् । यदि च शक्ति-शक्तिमतोर् भेद-पक्षः स्वीक्रियते तदा निर्देश्यत्वम् अपीत्य् अत्रानिर्देश्यत्वेनैव निर्देश्यत्वं सिद्धम् । अतएवोक्तं गारुडे - अप्रसिद्धेर् अवाच्यं तद् वाच्यं सर्वागमोक्तितः । अतर्क्यं तर्क्यम् अज्ञेयं ज्ञेयम् एवं परं स्मृतम् ॥ इति । श्रुतौ च - अन्यद् एव तद्वद् इताद् अथो [इत्य् आदयो?] अविदिताद् अधीति । इदम् अभिप्रेत्योक्तं श्री-पराशरेणापि । यस्मिन् ब्रह्मणि सर्व-शक्ति-निलये मानानि नो मानिनां निष्ठायै प्रभवन्ति हन्ति कलुषं श्रोत्रं स यातो हरिर् ॥ इति । [विप् ६.८.५९] नन्व् आविष्कृत-शक्तेर् भगवद्-आख्यस्य ब्रह्मणः स्व-प्रकाशता-शक्ति- स्वरूपत्वं वेदस्य स्मभवति । ततश् चानाविष्कृत-शक्तेर् ब्रह्मणः प्रकाशस् तस्मात् कथम् इति । उच्यते - अस्मन्-मते तस्यापि प्रकाशो भगवच्- छक्त्यैव । तद् उक्तम् - मदीयं महिमानं च पर-ब्रह्मेति शब्दितम् । वेत्स्यस्य् अनुगृहीतं मे सम्प्रश्नैर् विवृतं हृदि ॥ इति । [भ्प् ८.२४.३८][*एन्द्नोते #४१] न चैते न पर-प्रकाश्यत्वम् आपतति । ब्रह्म-भगवतोर् अभिन्न-वस्तुत्वात् । अत्र लौकिक-शब्देनापि यः कश्चित् तद्-उपदेशः स तु तद्-अनुगतेस् तया श्रुत्यैवानुगृहीततया सम्भवतीत्य् उक्तम् । अतस् तद्-अनुशीलनावसरे तद्- भक्त्य्-अनुभाव-रूपस्य तच्-छब्दस्य तु सुतरां तत्-स्वरूप-शक्ति-विलास- मयत्वात् न तत्र निषेधः । किं तर्हि मनो-विलासमयस्यैवेति सर्वम् अनवद्यम् । अतएव सुपर्ण-श्रुतौ - प्रकृतिश् च प्राकृतं च यन् न जिघ्रन्ति जिघ्रन्ति, यन् न पश्यन्ति पश्यन्ति, यन् न शृण्वन्ति शृण्वन्ति, यन् जानन्ति जानन्ति च इति । ॥ १०.८७ ॥ श्रुतयः श्री-भगवन्तम् ॥ १०९-११६ ॥

[116] tathaiva tāsāṃ mahāvākyopasaṃhāraḥ - dyupatayaḥ eva te na yayur antam anantatayā tvam api yad-antarānta-nicayā nanu sāvaraṇāḥ | kha eva rajāṃsi vānti vayasā saha yac chrutayas tvayi hi phalanty atan-nirasanena bhavan-nidhanāḥ || [BhP 10.87.41] atra svarūpa-guṇayor dvayor api dvidhaivānirdeśyatvam | ānantyena idam ittaṃ tad iti nirdeśāsambhavena ca | tatra prathamam ānantyam āhuḥ | he bhagavan te tava antam etāvat tvaṃ dyupatayaḥ svargādi-loka-patayo brahmādayo'pi na yayur na viduḥ | tat kutaḥ | anantatayā | yad antava tat kim api na bhavasīti | āsatāṃ te yasmāt tvam ai ātmano'ntaṃ na yāsi | kutas tarhi sarvajñatā sarva-śaktitā vā tatrāpy āhuḥ | anantatayeti antābhāvenaiva | nahi śaśa-viṣāṇājñānaṃ sārvajñyaṃ tad-aprāptir vā śakti-vaibhavaṃ vihanti | śrutiś ca - yo'syādhyakṣaḥ parame vyoman | so'ṅga veda yadi vā na vedeti [Ṛgveda 10.130.18] | anantatvam evāhuḥ yad antar iti yasya tavāntarā madhye | nanu aho sāvaraṇā uttarottara-daśa-guṇa-saptāvaraṇa-yuktā aṇḍa-nicayā vānti paribhramanti vayasā kāla-cakreṇa khe rajāṃsi iva saha ekadaiva na tu paryāyeṇa | anena brahmāṇḍānām anantānāṃ tatra bhramaṇāt svarūpa-gatam ānantyaṃ teṣāṃ vicitra-guṇānām āśrayatvāt guṇa-gataṃ ca jñeyam | śrutayaś ca - yad ūrdhvaṃ gārgi divaḥ yad arvāk pṛthivyā yad antaraṃ dyāv āpṛthivī ime yad bhūtaṃ bhavac ca bhaviṣyac cety [BAU 3.7.3] ādyāḥ | viṣṇor nu kaṃ vīryāṇi pravocaṃ yaṃ pārthivāni vimame rajāṃsi ity ādyāś ca | hi yasmād evam ataḥ śrutayaś tvayi paryavasyanti | ataḥ śrutāv api prājāpatyānandataḥ śata-guṇānandatvam abhidhāya punar yato vāca ity ādinā anantatvena vāg-atīta-saṅkhyānandatvaṃ brahmaṇa uktam | yad uktam na tad īdṛg iti jñeyaṃ na vācyaṃ na ca tarkyate | paśyanto'pi na jānanti mero rūpaṃ vipaścitaḥ || iti || ato'trānirdeśyatvenaiva nirdeśyatvam | yat tu satyaṃ jñānam ity ādau svarūpasya sākṣād eva nirdeśaḥ | svābhāvikī jñāna-bala-kriyā cety ādau guṇasya ca śrūyate tatra ca tathaiva ity āhuḥ | atan-nirasanena bhavan-nidhanā iti | atat prākṛtaṃ yad vastu tan nirasyaiva bhavat-paryavasānāt | ayam arthaḥ | buddhir jñānam asaṃmoham ity ādinā hrīr dhīr bhīr etat sarvaṃ mana evetyādinā ca yat prākṛtaṃ jñānādikam abhidhīyate tat sarvaṃ brahma na bhavati iti neti netītyādinā na tasya kāryaṃ karaṇaṃ ca vidyate ity ādinā ca niṣidhyate | atha ca satya-jñānādi-vākyena svābhāvikī jñāna-bala-kriyā cety ādi vākyena ca tad abhidhīyate | na tasmāt prākṛtād anyad eva taj-jñānādi iti teṣāṃ jñānādi-śabdānām atan-nirasanenaiva tvai paryavasānam iti | tataś ca buddhy-agocara-vastutvād anirdeśyatvaṃ tathāpi tad-rūpaṃ kiñcid asti iti uddiśyamānatvād anirdeśyatvaṃ ca | tathā parokṣa-jñāne ca daśamas tvam asītivad vākya-mātreṇaiva tasya svaprakāśa-rūpasyāpi vastuno viśuddha-citte suprakāśa-darśanāt śruti- śabdasya svaprakāśatā-śaktimayatvam evāvasīyate | śabda-brahma paraṃ brahma mamobhe śāśvatī tanū iti [BhP 6.16.51][*ENDNOTE #40] | vedasya ceśvarātmatvāt [BhP 11.3.44] iti | vedo nārāyaṇaḥ sākṣāt svayambhūr iti śuśruma iti [BhP 6.1.40] | kiṃ vā parair īśvaraḥ sadyo hṛdy avarudhyate'tra kṛtibhiḥ śuśrūṣubhis tat kṣaṇād iti [BhP 1.1.2] | ataevaupaniṣadaḥ puruṣaḥ ity atropaniṣan-mātra-gamyatvaṃ śrutir bodhayati | cāksuṣaṃ rūpam itivat | tataś ca śrutimayyā svaprakāśatāśaktyā prākṛta-tat-tad-vastu-jātaṃ tama iva nirasya svayaṃ prakāśate | tasmān na tatrāpi nirdeśyatvam | nahi svena prakāśena raviḥ prakāśyo bhavati yathā tena ghaṭa iti vaktuṃ yujyate svābhinnatvāt | yadi ca śakti-śaktimator bheda-pakṣaḥ svīkriyate tadā nirdeśyatvam apīty atrānirdeśyatvenaiva nirdeśyatvaṃ siddham | ataevoktaṃ gāruḍe - aprasiddher avācyaṃ tad vācyaṃ sarvāgamoktitaḥ | atarkyaṃ tarkyam ajñeyaṃ jñeyam evaṃ paraṃ smṛtam || iti | śrutau ca - anyad eva tadvad itād atho [ity ādayo?] aviditād adhīti | idam abhipretyoktaṃ śrī-parāśareṇāpi | yasmin brahmaṇi sarva-śakti-nilaye mānāni no mānināṃ niṣṭhāyai prabhavanti hanti kaluṣaṃ śrotraṃ sa yāto harir || iti | [ViP 6.8.59] nanv āviṣkṛta-śakter bhagavad-ākhyasya brahmaṇaḥ sva-prakāśatā-śakti- svarūpatvaṃ vedasya smabhavati | tataś cānāviṣkṛta-śakter brahmaṇaḥ prakāśas tasmāt katham iti | ucyate - asman-mate tasyāpi prakāśo bhagavac- chaktyaiva | tad uktam - madīyaṃ mahimānaṃ ca para-brahmeti śabditam | vetsyasy anugṛhītaṃ me sampraśnair vivṛtaṃ hṛdi || iti | [BhP 8.24.38][*ENDNOTE #41] na caite na para-prakāśyatvam āpatati | brahma-bhagavator abhinna-vastutvāt | atra laukika-śabdenāpi yaḥ kaścit tad-upadeśaḥ sa tu tad-anugates tayā śrutyaivānugṛhītatayā sambhavatīty uktam | atas tad-anuśīlanāvasare tad- bhakty-anubhāva-rūpasya tac-chabdasya tu sutarāṃ tat-svarūpa-śakti-vilāsa- mayatvāt na tatra niṣedhaḥ | kiṃ tarhi mano-vilāsamayasyaiveti sarvam anavadyam | ataeva suparṇa-śrutau - prakṛtiś ca prākṛtaṃ ca yan na jighranti jighranti, yan na paśyanti paśyanti, yan na śṛṇvanti śṛṇvanti, yan jānanti jānanti ca iti | || 10.87 || śrutayaḥ śrī-bhagavantam || 109-116 ||

English translation

English witness · section(s) 102

Anuccheda 102

1 That the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the ultimate goal and conclusion of the Vedas is confirmed by the following words (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.41): “O Lord, because You are limitless even the great demigods cannot find where You end. Even You cannot find where You end. Within You the universes covered by ten and seven layers move as specks of dust tossed through the ether by the wheel of time. Rejecting everything that is not You, the Vedas become fruitful when they find You.” 2 Here it is said that the Lord’s transcendental forms and qualities are beyond description in two ways: 1. Because they are infinite and 2. Because they cannot be properly described. The Personified Vedas describe the infinity of the Lord’s form in the words: ‘O Lord, because You are limitless (anantataya) even the great demigods, the rulers of Svargaloka and other planets, cannot find where You end.” Why are You limitless (anantataya)? Because You have no end. Only atheists say You have limits. Why are You all knowing or all powerful? The Personified Vedas says: “Because You have no limits (anantataya).” The Lord’s all knowingness and all powerfulness are real. They are not an imagination, as the horn of a rabbit is. This is described in the Sruti-sastra” “If someone says he fully understands the Lord of Vaikuntha, then he does not understand Him at all.” In this way the Lord’s limitlessness is described. The Personified Vedas then say: “Within You (yad-antara) the universes (anda-nicayah) covered by ten and seven layers (savaranah), move (vanti) as specks of dust (rajamsi) tossed through the ether (khe) by the wheel of time (saha vayasa).” Because limitless universes wander within Him, the Lord is limitless and because He is the shelter of wonderful qualities, His qualities are also limitless. 3 This is also described in Sruti-sastra: “O Gargi, the Supreme is above heaven, below the earth, and between heaven and earth. The Supreme is, always was, and always will be.” Brhad-aranyaka Upanisad 3.8.4 “The heroic glories of Lord Visnu are countless as the specks of dust on the earth.” Sruti-sastra 4 The Personified Vedas continue (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.41) quoted in text 1): ‘O Lord, the Vedas become fruitful when they find You.” This means: “By describing how You are limitless, the Vedas find their conclusion in You.” In the Sruti-sastra it is said that the bliss of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is hundreds of times greater than the bliss of the demigod Brahma (Taittiriya Upanisad 2.4.1): “Words turn from the Supreme. One cannot attain Him with the mind’s help. A wise man who understands the bliss of the Supreme Personality of Godhead never fears anything.” Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead is limitless, His bliss is beyond measuring and beyond the power of words to describe. 5 This is again described in Vedic literature: “Even when wise men see great Mount Meru they still cannot understand it. In the same way the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be understood, described, or imagined.” 6 By this explanation of how it is that the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be described, it is proved that the Supreme Personality of Godhead can be described. The form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is directly described in these words (Taittiriya Upanisad 2.1.3): “The Supreme Personality of Godhead is eternal, full of knowledge, and free of all limits.” The Lord’s transcendental qualities are described in these words (Svetasvatara Upanisad 6.8): “The deeds of the Supreme Personality of Godhead display His limitless knowledge and power.” The Personified Vedas continue (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.41, quoted in text 1): ‘Rejecting everything that is not You, the Vedas become fruitful when they find You.’ This means: ‘Rejecting the material world, they find their conclusion in You.” 7 That the Lord is the origin of all qualities is described in Bhagavad-gita (10.4-5) where He says: “Intelligence, knowledge, freedom from doubt and delusion, forgiveness, truthfulness, control of the senses, control of the mind, happiness and distress, birth, death, fear, fearlessness, non violence, equanimity, satisfaction, austerity, charity, fame and infamy - all these various qualities of living beings are created by Me alone.”* It is also said in Vedic literature: “Shyness, intelligence, fear and everything else, have all come from the heart of the Supreme.” However, material knowledge and other material things are not identical with the Supreme. This is described in Brhad-aranyaka Upanisad (4.4.22): “This Supreme is not this. The Supreme is not that.” The idea that the material world is the Supreme is again refuted in these words (Svetasvatara Upanisad 6.8): “All His senses are transcendental. Any one of His senses can perform the action of any other sense.”* The Supreme Personality of Godhead is again described in these words: “The Supreme Personality of Godhead is eternal and full of knowledge. He is free of all limits.” Taittiriya Upanisad 2.1.3 “The deeds of the Supreme Personality of Godhead display His limitless knowledge and power.” Svetasvatara Upanisad 6.8 8 Therefore the Lord’s knowledge and qualities are different from matter. The Personified Vedas therefore say: ‘Rejecting material knowledge and all other material things, the Vedas find their conclusion in You, O Lord.’ Although, because He is beyond the range of the material intelligence, the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be described, nevertheless, He can actually be described to some extent. The Lord is beyond the realm of the material senses, as is confirmed by the statement ‘O Lord, You are the tenth manifestation, beyond the world of matter.’ By this statement alone it is seen that the Lord reveals His form only by His own wish. Because by His own wish He is seen in the pure heart of a devotee, the Vedas conclude that He has the power to appear only when He wishes. 9 That the Vedas are identical with the Supreme Personality of Godhead is described in the following words: “The Vedas and the impersonal Brahman, are both My eternal forms.” The Supreme Personality of Godhead in Vedic literature “The Vedas are identical with the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” Srimad Bhagavatam 11.3.43 “The Vedas are directly the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Narayana, and are self-born. This we have heard from Yamaraja.”* Srimad Bhagavatam 6.1.40 10 That the Supreme Personality of Godhead is the conclusion of the Vedas is also confirmed in the following words: “This beautiful Bhagavatam, compiled by the great sage Vyasadeva (in his maturity), is sufficient in itself for God realisation. What is the need of any other scripture? As soon as one attentively and submissively hears the message of Bhagavatam, by this culture of knowledge the Supreme Lord is established within his heart.”* Srimad Bhagavatam 1.1.2 “The Supreme Personality of Godhead is described in the Upanisads.” Brhad-aranyaka Upanisad 3.9.26 In this way the Vedas teach that the Supreme Personality of Godhead may be approached through the Upanisads. It is also said: “Looking through the eye of the Vedas one may see the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” 11 Rejecting the darkness of matter, the Supreme Personality of Godhead personally appears by the means of His self-manifestation-potency, which is the Vedas. Even so, He still cannot be described by ordinary, material words. As the manifestation of the sun is the same as the sun’s reflection in a pot, so the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the master of all potencies, is also the same as His potencies, and then again He and His potencies are also different. In the same way He is described by words and then again words cannot describe Him. 12 This is described in the Garuda Purana: “Because He is inconceivable, the Supreme cannot be described by words and He can be described by the words of the Vedas. He cannot be approached by logic and He can be approached by logic. He cannot be known and He can be known. This is the conclusion of the Smrti.” 13 This is also described in the Sruti (Kena Upanisad 1.4): “The Supreme is different from both the known and the unknown.” Parasara Muni explains: “We sages meditate on the Supreme Brahman, who is the abode of all potencies. When Lord Hari enters the ear, faith grows and sins perish.” 14 At this point someone may protest: ‘Is it not so that the Vedas are the self-manifest-potency of the Supreme Brahman, who is known as the Supreme Personality of Godhead? Since the Supreme Personality of Godhead is thus revealed through His potency the Vedas, how is the impersonal Brahman, which has no potencies, revealed? Our opinion is that the impersonal Brahman is revealed in the Vedas because it is one of the potencies of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This is described in the following words (Srimad Bhagavatam 8.24.32): 15 “You will be thoroughly advised and favoured by Me, and because of your inquiries, everything about My glories, which are known as param brahma, will be manifest within your heart. Thus you will know everything about Me.”* 16 Because the impersonal Brahman and the Supreme Personality of Godhead are not different, the impersonal Brahman is not self-manifest. Here this is explained even in plain and ordinary words and it is also explained in the Sruti-sastra. All of this does not refute the existence of the Lord’s transcendental form, which is manifested by the Lord’s pastime potency and perceived by devotional service. What is the nature of the Lord’s pastime-potency? It is perfectly pure. This is described in the Suparna-sruti: “They who smell the scents of matter do not smell the Supreme. They who see matter do not see the Supreme. They who hear matter do not hear the Supreme. They who know matter do not know the Supreme.” The verse quoted in the beginning of this anuccheda was spoken by the Personified Vedas to the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §117 · English §103

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[११७] अथैकम् एव स्वरूपं शक्तित्वेन शक्तिमत्त्वेन च विराजतीति । यस्य शक्तेः स्वरूप-भूतत्वं निरूपितं तच्-छक्ति-मत्ता-प्राधान्येन विराजमानं भगवत्-संज्ञाम् आप्नोति तच् च व्याख्यातम् । तद् एव च शक्तित्व- प्राधान्येन विराजमानं लक्ष्मी-संज्ञाम् आप्नोतीति दर्शयितुं तस्याः स्व- वृत्ति-भेदेनानन्तायाः कियन्तो भेदा दर्श्यन्ते । यथा - श्रिया पुष्ट्या गिरा कान्त्या कीर्त्या तुष्ट्येलयोर् जया । विद्ययाविद्यया शक्त्या मायया च निषेवितम् ॥ [भ्प् १०.३९.५५] शक्तिर् महा-लक्ष्मी-रूपा स्वरूप-भूता । शक्ति-शब्दस्य प्रथम-प्रवृत्त्य्- आश्रय-रूपा भगवद्-अन्तरङ्ग-महा-शक्तिः । माया च बहिरङ्गा शक्तिः । श्र्य्-आदयस् तु तयोर् एव वृत्ति-रूपया चेति सर्वत्र ज्ञेयम् । तत्र पूर्वस्याः भेदः । श्रीर् भागवती सम्पत् । न त्व् इयं महा-लक्ष्मी-रूपा तस्या मूल- शक्तित्वात् । तद् अग्रे विवरणीयम् । उत्तरस्याः भेदः । श्रीर् जागती सम्पत् । इमाम् एवाधिकृत्य न श्रीर् विरक्तम् अपि मां विजहातीत्यादि-वाक्यम् । यत उक्तं चतुर्थ-शेषे श्री-नारदेन । श्रियम् अनुचरतीं तद्-अर्थिनश् च द्विपद-पतीन् विबुधांश् च यः स्व-पूर्णः । न भजति निज-भृत्य-वर्ग-तन्त्रः कथम् अमुम् उद्विसृजेत् पुमान् रसज्ञः ॥ [भ्प् ४.३१.२२] इति । तत्र तद्-अर्थि-द्विपद-पत्यादि-सह-भाव उपजीव्यः । तथा दुर्वाससः शाप- नष्टायास् त्रैलोक्य-लक्ष्म्या आविर्भावं साक्षाद्-भगवत्-प्रेयसी-रूपा स्वयं क्षीरोदाद् आविर्भूय दृष्ट्या कृतवतीति श्रूयते । एवम् अपरापि । तत्र इला भूस् तद् उपलक्षणत्वेन लीला अपि । तत्र च पूर्वस्या भेदो विद्या तत्त्वावबोध-कारणं संविद्-आख्यायास् तद्-वृत्तेर् वृत्ति-विशेषः । उत्तरस्या भेदस् तस्या एव विद्यायाः प्रकाश-द्वारम् । अविद्या-लक्षणो भेदः पूर्वस्या भगवति विभुत्वादि-विमृति-हेतुर् मातृ-भावादिमय-प्रेमानन्द- वृत्ति-विशेषः । अतएव गोपी-जन-विद्या-कला-प्रेरक इति तापन्यां श्रुतौ । यथावसरम् एतद् अपि विवरणीयम् । उत्तरस्याः स भेदः संसारिणं स्व-स्वरूप-विस्मृत्यादि-हेतुर् आवरणात्मक- वृत्ति-विशेषः च-कारात् पूर्वस्याः । सन्धिनी संवित् ह्लादिनी भक्त्य्-आधार- शक्ति-मूर्ति-विमला-जया-योगा प्रह्वीशानानुग्रहादयश् च ज्ञेयाः । अत्र सन्धिन्य् एव सत्या जयैवोत्कर्षिणी योगैव योगमाया संविद् एव ज्ञानाज्ञान- शक्तिः शुद्ध-सत्त्वं चेति ज्ञेयम् । प्रह्वी विचित्रानन्त-सामर्थ्य-हेतुः । ईशाना सर्वाधिकारिता-शक्ति-हेतुर् इति भेदः । एवम् उत्तरस्याश् च यथायथम् अन्या ज्ञेयाः । तद् एवम् अप्य् अत्र माया-वृत्तयो न विव्रियन्ते । बहिरङ्ग-सेवित्वात् । मूले तु सेवांशभतपुरुषस्य विदूर- वर्तितयिअवाश्रित्यत्वात् । तथा च दशमस्य सप्त-त्रिंशे नारदेन भगवान् श्री-कृष्ण एवास्तावि - विशुद्ध-विज्ञान-घनं स्व-संस्थया समाप्त-सर्वार्थम् अमोघ-वाञ्छितम् । स्व-तेजसा नित्य-निवृत्त-माया- गुण-प्रवाहं भगवन्तम् ईमहि ॥ त्वाम् ईश्वरं स्वाश्रयम् आत्म-मायया विनिर्मिताशेष-विशेष-कल्पनम् । क्रीडार्थम् अद्यात्त-मनुष्य-विग्रहं नतोऽस्मि धुर्यं यदु-वृष्णि-सात्वताम् ॥ इति । [भ्प् १०.३७.२३-२४] अनयोर् अर्थः । विशुद्धं यद् विज्ञानं परम-तत्त्वं तद् एव घनः श्री- विग्रहो यस्य । स्व-संस्थया स्वरूप-कारेण स्वरूप-शक्त्यैव वा सम्यग् आप्ता इवाप्ता नित्य-सिद्धाः पूर्णा वा सर्वे अर्था ऐश्वर्यादयो यत्र । अतएव न विद्यते अतितुच्छत्वात् मोघे वृथाभूते जगत्-कार्ये वाञ्छितं वाञ्छा यस्य । क्वचिद् अवाञ्छितस्यापि सम्बन्धो दृश्यते इत्य् आशङ्क्याह । स्वतेजसा स्वरूप-शक्ति-प्रभावेण नित्यम् एव निवृत्तो दूरीभूतया शक्त्या युक्तम् । गुणमय्या विरहितम् इति । तं भगवन्तं शरणं व्रजेम । तथा त्वां श्री-कृष्णाख्यं भगवन्तम् एव स्वांशेनेश्वरम् अन्तर्यामि- पुरुषम् अपि सन्तं नतोऽस्मि । कथ्मभूतम् ईश्वरं स्वरूप-शक्त्या स्वाश्रयम् अपि आत्म-मायया आत्मात्र जीवात्मा तद्-विषयया मायया । विनिर्मित्ता अशेष-विशेषाकारा कल्पना येन । यद् वा आत्ममायया स्वरूप- शक्त्या स्वाग्रम् विनिर्मिता अशेष-विशेषा यया तथाभूता कल्पना माया- शक्तिर् यस्य कीदृशं त्वाम् । सम्प्रति त्व-आविर्भाव-समये तस्यापीश्वरस्य त्वयि भगवत्य् एव प्रवेशात् । युगपद्-विचित्र-तत्-तच्-छक्ति-प्रकाशेन या क्रीडा तद्-अर्थम् अभ्यात्तः अभि भक्ताभिमुख्येन आत्तः आनीतः प्रकटितो मनुष्याकारो नराकृतिः परं ब्रह्मेति स्मरणात् तद्-रूपो भगवद्-आख्यो विग्रहो येन । तम् एव पुनर् विशिनष्टि । यदु-वृष्टि-सात्वतां धुर्यम् । तेषां नित्य-परिकराणां प्रेम-भारवहम् इति । अथवा मूल-पद्ये शक्त्येति सर्वत्रैव विशेष्य-पदम् । श्रीर् मूल-रूपा । पुष्ट्यादयस् तद्-अंशाः । विद्या ज्ञानम् । आ समीचीना विद्या भक्तिः । राज-विद्या राज-गुह्यम् इत्य् आद्य् उक्तेः । माया बहिरङ्गा । तद्-वृत्तयः श्र्य्-आदयस् तु पृथक् ज्ञेयाः । शिष्टं समम् । ततश् चात्र शुद्ध-भगवत्-प्रकरणे स्वरूप-शक्ति-वृत्तिष्व् एव गणनायां पर्यवसितासु विवेचनीयम् इदम् । प्रथमं तावद् एकस्यैव तत्त्वस्य सच्चिदानन्दत्वाच् छक्तिर् अप्य् एका त्रिधा भिद्यते । तद् उक्तं विष्णु-पुराणे श्री-ध्रुवेण[*एन्द्नोते #४२] -- ह्लादिनी सन्धिनी संवित् त्वय्य् एका सर्व-संस्थितौ । ह्लाद-ताप-करी मिश्रा त्वयि नो गुण-वर्जिते ॥ इति [विप् १.१२.६८] व्याख्यातं च स्वामिभिः । ह्लादिनी आह्लाद-करी सन्धिनी सन्तता संविद् विद्या-शक्तिः । एका मुख्या अव्यभिचारिणी स्वरूप-भूतेति यावत् । सा सर्व- संस्थितौ सर्वस्य सम्यक् स्थितिर् यस्मात् तस्मिन् सर्वाधिष्ठान-भूते त्वय्य् एव न तु जीवेषु च सा गुणमयी त्रिविधा सा त्वयि नास्ति । ताम् एवाह ह्लाद- ताप-करी मिश्रा इति । ह्लाद-करी मनः-प्रसादोत्था सात्त्विकी । तापकरी विषय-वियोगादिषु ताप-करी तामसी । तद्-उभय-मिश्रा विषय-जन्या राजसी । तत्र हेतुः सत्त्वादि-गुण-वर्जिते । तद् उक्तं सर्वज्ञ-सूक्तौ - ह्लादिन्या संविद्-आश्लिष्टः सच्-चिद्-आनन्द ईश्वरः । स्वाविद्या-संवृतो जीवः सङ्क्लेश-निकराकरः ॥ इति [भावार्थ-दीपिका १.७.६] अत्र क्रमाद् उत्कर्षेण सन्धिनी-संविद्-ध्लादिन्या ज्ञेयाः । तत्र च सति घटानां घटत्वम् इव सर्वेषां सतां वस्तूनां प्रतीतेर् निमित्तम् इति क्वचित् सत्ता-स्वरूपत्वेन आम्नातोऽप्य् असौ भगवान् सद् एव सोम्येदम् अग्र आसीद् इत्य् अत्र सद्-रूपत्वेन व्यापदिश्यमाना मया सत्तां दधाति धारयति च सा सर्व-देश-काल-द्रव्यादि-प्राप्तिकरी सन्धिनी । तथा संविद्-रूपोऽपि यया संवेत्ति संवेदयति च सा संवित् । तथा ह्लाद-रूपोऽपि यया संविद् उत्कट- रूपया तं ह्लादं संवेत्ति संवेदयति च सा ह्लादिनीति विवेचनीयम् । तद् एवं तस्या मूल-शक्तेस् त्र्य्-आत्मकत्वेन सिद्धे येन स्व-प्रकाशता- लक्षणेन तद्-वृत्ति-विशेषेण स्वरूपं स्वयं स्वरूप-शक्तिर् वा विशिष्टम् आविर्भवति तद् विशुद्ध-सत्त्वम् । तच् चान्य-निरपेक्षयस् तत्-प्रकाश इति ज्ञापन-ज्ञान-वृत्तिकत्वात् संविद् एव । अस्य मायया स्पर्शाभावात् विशुद्धत्वम् ।[*एन्द्नोते #४३] उक्तं च तस्य सत्त्वस्य प्राकृताद् अन्यतरत्वं द्वादशे श्री-नारायणर्षिं प्रति मार्कण्डेयेन । सत्त्वं रजस् तम इतीश तवात्मबन्धो मायामयाः स्थिति-लयोद्भव-हेतवोऽस्य । लीलाधृता यद् अपि सत्त्व-मयी प्रशान्त्यै नान्ये नॄणां व्यसन-मोह-भियश् च याभ्याम् ॥ [भ्प् १२.८.३९] तस्मात् तवेह भगवन्न् अथ तावकानां शुक्लां तनुं स्व-दयितां कुशला भजन्ति । यत् सात्वताः पुरुष-रूपम् उशन्ति सत्त्वं लोको यतोऽभयम् उतात्म-सुखं न चान्यद् ॥ [भ्प् १२.८.४०] [*एन्द्नोते #४४] अनयोर् अर्थः । हे ईश यद् अपि सत्त्वं रजस् तम इति तवैव माया-कृता लीलाः । कथम्भूताः - अस्य विश्वस्य स्थित्यादि-हेतवः तथापि या सत्त्वमयी सैव प्रशान्त्यै प्रकृष्ट-सुखाय भवति । नान्ये रजस् तमो-मय्यौ । न केवलं प्रशान्त्यभाव-मात्रम् अनयोः । भजने[*एन्द्नोते #४५] किन्त्व् अनिष्टं चेत्य् आह व्यसनेति । हे भगवन् तस्मात् तव शुक्लां सत्त्व-मय- लीलाधिष्ठात्रीं तनुं श्री-विष्णु-रूपां ते कुशला निपुणा भजन्ति सेवन्ते । न त्व् अन्यां ब्रह्म-रुद्र-रूपान् । तथा तावकानां जीवानां मध्ये शुक्लां सत्त्वैक-निष्ठांअ तनुं भगवद्-भक्त-लक्षण-स्वायम्भुव-मन्वादि-रूपांअ[*एन्द्नोते #४६] ये भजन्ति अनुसरन्ति । न तु दक्ष-भैरवादि-रूपाम् । कथम्भूतां स्वस्य तवापि दयितां लोक-शान्ति-करत्वात् । ननु मम स्वरूपम् अपि सत्त्वात्मकम् इति प्रसिद्धं । तर्हि कथं तस्यापि मायामयत्वम् एव । नहि नहीत्य् आह सात्वताः श्री-भागवता यत् सत्त्वं पुरुषस्य तव रूपं प्रकाशम् उशन्ति मन्यन्ते । यतश् च सत्त्वात् लोको वैकुण्ठाख्यः प्रकाशते । तद् अभयम् आत्म-सुखं पर-ब्रह्मानन्द- स्वरूपम् एवब् न त्व् अन्यत् प्रकृतिजं सत्त्वं तद् इति । अत्र सत्त्व-शब्देन स्व- प्रकाशताब्-लक्षण-स्वरूप-शक्ति-वृत्ति-विशेष उच्यते । सत्त्वं विशुद्धं वसुदेव-शब्दितं यद् ईयते तत्र पुमान् अपावृतः । [भ्प् ४.३.२१] इति श्री-शिव-वाक्यानुसारात्च् । अगोचरस्य गोचरत्वे हेतुः प्रकृति-गुणः । सत्त्वम् इत्य् अशुद्ध-सत्त्व-लक्षण-प्रसिद्ध्य्-अनुसारेण तथाभूतश् चिच्- छक्ति-विशेषः सत्त्वम् इति सङ्गति-लाभाच् च । ततश् च तस्य स्वरूप-शक्ति- वृत्तित्वेन स्वरूपात्मतैवेत्य् उक्तम् । तद् अभयम् आत्म-सुखम् इति द्शक्ति- प्राधान्य-विवक्षयोक्तं लोको यत इतिद् । अर्थान्तरे भगवद्-विग्रहं प्रति रूपं यद् एतद् [भ्प् २.८.२] इत्यादौ शुद्ध-स्वरूप-मात्रत्व-प्रतिज्ञा- भङ्गः । अभयम् इत्य् आदौ प्राञ्जलता-हानिश् च भवति । अन्यत् पदस्यैकस्यैव रजस् तमश् चेति द्विर्-आवृत्तौ प्रतिपत्ति-गौरव उत्पद्यते । पूर्वम् अपि नान्य इति द्वि-वचनेनैव हे परामृष्टे । तस्माद् अस्ति प्रसिद्धाद् अन्यत् स्वरूप-भूतं सत्त्वम् । यद् एवैकादशे यत् काय एष भुवन-त्रय-सन्निवेश [भ्प् ११.४.४] इत्यादौ ज्ञानं स्वत इत्य् अत्र टीका-कृन्-मतं यस्य स्वरूप-भूतात् सत्त्वात् तनु- भृतां ज्ञानम् इत्य् अनेन यथा ब्रह्मणः स्तवान्ते एतत् सुहृद्भिश् चरितम् इत्य् अत्र व्यक्तेतरं व्यक्ताज् जड-प्रपञ्चाद् इतरत् शुद्ध-सत्त्वात्मकम् इत्य् आदिना । तथा परो रजः सवितुर् जात-वेदा देवस्य भर्ग [भ्प् ५.७.१४] इत्य् आदौ श्री- भरत-जाप्ये तन्-मतम् । परो रजः रजसः प्रकृतेः परं शुद्ध- सत्त्वात्मकम् इत्य् आदिना । अतएव प्राकृताः सत्त्वादयो गुणा जीवस्यैव न त्व् ईशस्येति श्रूयते । यथैकादशे सत्त्वं रजस् तम इति गुणा जिवस्य नैव मे । [११.२५.१२] इति । श्री-भगवद्-उपनिषत्सु च - ये चैव सात्त्विका भावा राजसास् तामसाश् च ये । मत्त एवेति तान् विद्धि न त्व् अहं तेषु ते मयि ॥ त्रिभिर् गुणमयैर् भावैर् एभिः सर्वम् इदं जगत् । मोहितं नाभिजानाति माम् एभ्यः परम् अव्ययम् ॥ दैवी ह्य् एषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया । माम् एव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायाम् एतां तरन्ति ते ॥ [गीता ७.१२-१४] यथा दशमे - हरिर् हि निर्गुणः साक्षात् पुरुषः प्रकृतेः परः । स सर्व-दृग् उपद्रष्टा तं भजन् निर्गुणो भवेत् ॥ [भ्प् १०.८८.४] श्री-विष्णु-पुराणे - सत्त्वादयो न सन्तीशे यत्र च प्राकृता गुणाः । स शुद्धः सर्व-शुद्धेभ्यः पुमान् आद्यः प्रसीदतु ॥ इति । [विप् १.९.४४] तथा च दशमे देवेन्द्रेणोक्तम् -- विशुद्ध-सत्त्वं तव धाम शान्तं तपोमयं ध्वस्त-रजस्-तमस्कम् । मायामयोऽयं गुण-संप्रवाहो न विद्यते तेऽग्रणानुबन्धः ॥ इति [भ्प् १०.२७.४] अयम् अर्थः । धाम स्वरूप-भूत-प्रकाश-शक्तिः । विशुद्धत्वम् आह विशेषण-द्वयेन । ध्वस्त-रजस्-तमस्कं तपो-मयम् इति च । तपोऽत्र ज्ञानं स तपोऽतप्यत इति श्रुतेः । तपोमयं प्रचुर-ज्ञान-स्वरूपम् जाड्यांशेनापि रहितम् इत्य् अर्थः । आत्मा ज्ञान-मयः शुद्ध इतिवत् । धृतः[*एन्द्नोते #४७] प्राकृत-सत्त्वम् अपि व्यावृत्तम् । अत एव मायामयोऽयं सत्त्वादि-गुण-प्रवाहस् ते तव न विद्यते । यतोऽसाव् अज्ञानेनैवानुबन्ध इति । अतएव श्री-भगवन्तं प्रति ब्रह्मादीनां सयुक्तिकं वाक्यम् । सत्त्वं विशुद्धं श्रयते भवान् स्थितौ शरीरिणां श्रेय-उपायनं वपुः । वेद-क्रिया-योग-तपः-समाधिभिस् तवार्हणं येन जनः समीहते ॥ [भ्प् १०.२.३४] सत्त्वं न चेद् धातर् इदं निजं भवेद् विज्ञानम् अज्ञान-भिदापमार्जनम् । गुण-प्रकाशैर् अनुमीयते भवान् प्रकाशते यस्य च येन वा गुणः ॥ [भ्प् १०.२.३५] अयम् अर्थः । सत्त्वं तेन प्रकाशमानत्वात् तद्-अभिन्नतया रूपितं वपुर् भवान् श्रयते प्रकटयति । कथम्भूतं सत्त्वं विशुद्धम् । अन्यस्य रजस्-तमोभ्याम् अमिश्रस्यापि[*एन्द्नोते #४८] प्राकृतत्वेन जाड्यांश- संवलितत्वान् न विशेषेण शुद्धत्वम् । एतत् तु स्वरूप-शक्त्य्-आत्म[क]त्वेन तद्-अंशस्याप्य् अस्पर्शाद् अतीव शुद्ध[त्व]म् इत्य् अर्थः । किम् अर्थं श्रयते । शरीरिणां स्थितौ निज-चरणारविन्दे मनःस्थैर्याय सर्वत्र [भक्तेषु] भक्ति-सुख-दानस्यैव त्वदीय-मुख्य-प्रयोजनत्वाद् इति भावः । भक्ति-योग-विधानार्थम् इति [भ्प् १.८.१९] श्री-कुन्ती-वाक्यात् । कथम्भूतं वपुः श्रेयसां सर्वेषां पुरुषार्थानाम् उपायनम् आश्रयम् । नित्यानन्त-परमानन्द-रूपम् इत्य् अर्थः । अतो वपुषस् तव च भेद- निर्देशोऽयम्[*एन्द्नोते #४९] औपचारिक एवेति भावः । अतएव येन वपुषा यद् वपुर् आलम्बनेनैव जनस् तवार्हणं पूजां करोति । कैः साधनैः वेदादिभिस् त्वद्-आलम्बनकैर् इत्य् अर्थः । साधारणैस् त्व् अर्पितैर् एव त्वद्- अर्हण-प्रायता-सिद्धाव् अपि । वपुषोऽनपेक्षत्वात् । तादृशए- वपुषोऽनपेक्ष्यत्वात् तादृशए[*एन्द्नोते #५०]-वपुः-प्रकाश-हेतुत्वेन स्वरूपात्मकत्वं स्पष्टयन्ति । हे धातश् चेद् यदि इदं सत्त्वं यत् तव निजं विज्ञानम् अनुभवं[ः] तदात्मिका स्व-प्रकाशता-शक्तिर् इत्य् अर्थः । तन् न भवेत् । तर्हि त्व् अज्ञान- भिदा स्व-प्रकाशस्य तवानुभवफ़्-प्रकार एव मार्जनं शुद्धिम् अवाप । सैव जगति पर्यवसीयते न तु तवानुभवफ़्[*एन्द्नोते #५१]-लेशोऽपीत्य् अर्थः । ननु प्राकृत-सत्त्व-गुणेनैव ग्ममानुभवोग्[*एन्द्नोते #५२] भवतु किं निज-ह्ग्रहण्ह्[*एन्द्नोते #५३]एन तत्राह । प्राकृत-गुण-प्रकाशैर् भवान् केवलम् अनुमीयते न तु साक्षात्क्रियत इत्य् अर्थः । अथवा तव विज्ञान-रूपम् अज्ञान-भिदाया अपमर्जनं च यन् निजं सत्त्वं तद् यदि न भवेन् नाविर्भवति तदैव प्राकृत-सत्त्वादि-गुण-प्रकाशैर् भवान् अनुमीयते । त्[व्]अन्-निज-सत्ताविर्भावेण तु साक्षात्-क्रियत एवेत्य् अर्थः । तद् एव स्पष्टयितुं तत्रानुमाने द्वैविध्यम् आहुर् यस्य गुणः प्रकाशत इयेन वा गुणः प्रकाशतै[*एन्द्नोते #५४] इति । अस्वरूप-भूतस्यैव [प्राकृत- ]सत्त्वादि-गुणस्य त्वद्-अव्यभिचारि-सम्बन्धित्व-मात्रेण वा त्वद्-एक- प्रकाश्यमानता-मात्रेण वा त्वल्-लिङ्गत्वम् इत्य् अर्थः । यथा अरुणोदयस्य सूर्योदय-सान्निध्य-लिङ्गत्वं यथा वा धूमस्याग्नि-लिङ्गत्वम् इति । तत उभयथापि तव साक्षात्कारे तस्य साधकतमत्वाभावो युक्त इति भावः । तद् एवम् अप्राकृत-सत्त्वस्य तदीय-स्व-प्रकाशता-रूपत्वं येन स्वप्रकाशस्य तव साक्षात्कारो भवतीति स्थापितम् । अत्र ये विशुद्ध-सत्त्वं नाम प्राकृतम् एव रजस्-तमः-शून्यं मत्वा तत्-कार्यं भगवद्- विग्रहादिकं मन्यन्ते ते तु न केनाप्य् अनुगृहीताः । रजः- सम्बन्धाभावेन स्वतः प्रशान्त-स्वभावस्य सर्वत्रोदासीनताकृति-हेतोस् तस्य क्षोभासम्भवात् विद्यामयत्वेन यथावस्थित-वस्तु-प्रकाशितामात्र- धर्मत्वात्, तस्य कल्पनान्तरायोग्यत्वाच् च । तद् उक्तम् अप्य् अगोचरस्य गोचरत्वे हेतुः प्रकृति-गुणः सत्त्वम् । गोचरस्य बहु-रूपत्वे रजः । बहुरूपस्य तिरोहितत्वे रजः[*एन्द्नोते #५५] । तथा परस्परोदासीनत्वे सत्त्वम् । उपकारित्वे रजः । अपकारित्वे तमः । गोचरत्वादीनि स्थित्-सृष्टि- संहाराः उदासीनत्वादीनि चेति । अथ रजो-लेशे तत्र मन्तव्ये विशुद्ध-पदवैयर्थ्यम् इत्य् अलं तन्-मत- रजो-ज्लेशे तत्र मन्तव्ये विशुद्ध-पद-वैयर्थ्यम् इत्य् अलं तन्- मतज्[*एन्द्नोते #५६]-रजो- घट-प्रघट्टनयेति ।[*एन्द्नोते #५७] क्तत्र चेदम् एव विशुद्ध-सत्त्वं सन्धिन्य्-अंश-प्रधानं चेद् आधार- शक्तिः । संविद्-अंश-प्रधानम् आत्म-विद्या । ह्लादिनी-सारांश-प्रधानं गुह्य-विद्या । युगपत् शक्ति-त्रय-प्रधानं मूर्तिः । अत्राधार-शक्त्या भगवद्-धाम प्रकाशते । तद् उक्तं - यत् सात्वताः पुरुष-रूपम् उशन्ति सत्त्वं लोको यत [भ्प् १२.८.४०][*एन्द्नोते #५८] इति । तथा ज्ञान-तत्-प्रवरक-लक्षण-वृत्ति-द्वयकयात्म-विद्यया तद्-वृत्ति- रूपम् उपासकाश्रयं ज्ञानं प्रकाशते । एवं भक्ति-तत्-प्रवर्तक-लक्षण- वृत्ति-द्वयकया गुह्य-विद्यया तद्-वृत्ति-रूपा प्रीत्यात्मिका भक्तिः प्रकाशते । एते एव विष्णु-पुराणे लक्ष्मी-स्तवे स्पष्टीकृते - यज्ञ-विद्या महा-विद्या गुह्य-विद्या च शोभते । आत्म-विद्या च देवि त्वं विमुक्ति-फल-दायिनी ॥ [विप् १.९.११८] इति । यज्ञ-विद्या कर्म । महा-विद्या अष्टाङ्ग-योगः । गुह्य-विद्या भक्तिः । आत्म-विद्या ज्ञानम् । तत्-तत्-सर्वाश्रयत्वात् त्वम् एव तत्-तद्-रूपा विविधानां मुक्तीनाम् अन्येषां च विविधानां फलानां दात्री भवसीत्य् अर्थः ।क्[*एन्द्नोते #५९] अथ मूर्त्या परतत्त्वात्मकः श्री-विग्रह प्रकाशते । इयम् एव वसुदेवाख्या । तद् उक्तं चतुर्थस्य तृतीये महादेवेन - सत्त्वं विशुद्धं वसुदेव-शब्दितं यद् ईयते तत्र पुमान् अपावृतः । सत्त्वे च तस्मिन् भगवान् वासुदेवो ह्य् अधोक्षजो मे मनसा विधीयते ॥ इति । [भ्प् ४.३.२३] । अस्यार्थः । विशुद्धं स्व-रूप-शक्ति-वृत्तित्वाज् जाड्यांशेनापि रहितम् इति विशेषेण शुद्धं तद् एव वसुदेव-शब्देनोक्तम् । कुतस् तस्य सत्त्वता वसुदेवता वा तत्राह- यद् यस्मात् तत्र तस्मिन् पुमान् वासुदेव ईयते प्रकाशते । आद्ये तावद् अगोचर-गोचरता-हेतुत्वेन लोक-प्रसिद्ध-सत्त्व- साम्यात् सत्त्वता व्यक्ता । द्वितीये त्व् अयं अर्थः । वसुदेवे भवति प्रतीयत इति वासुदेवः परमेश्वरः प्रसिद्धः । स च विशुद्ध-सत्त्वं प्रतीयते । अतः प्रत्ययार्थेन प्रसिद्धेन प्रकृत्य्-अर्थो निर्धार्यते । ततश् च वासयति देवम् इति व्युत्पत्त्या व वसत्य् अस्मिन्न् इति वा वसुः । तथा दीव्यति द्योतत इति देवः । स चासौ स चेति वासुदेवः । धर्म इष्टं धनं नॄणां इति स्वयं भगवद् उक्ते वसुभिर् भगवद्-धर्म-लक्षणैः पुण्यैः प्रकाशत इति वा वसुदेवः । तस्माद् वसुदेव-शब्दितं विशुद्ध-सत्त्वम् । इत्थं स्वयं प्रकाश-ज्योतिर्-एक-विग्रह-भगवज्-ज्ञान-हेतुत्वेन कैवल्यं सात्त्विकं ज्ञानं रजो वैकल्पिकं तु यत् । प्राकृतं तामसं ज्ञानं मन्-निष्ठम् निर्गुणं स्मृतम् ॥ इत्य् आदौ [भ्प् ११.२५.२४] बहुत्र गुणातीतावस्थायाम् एव भगवज्-ज्ञान-श्रवणेन न च सिद्धम् अत्र विशुद्ध-पदावगतं स्वरूप-शक्ति-वृत्ति-भूत-स्वप्रकाशता-लक्षणत्वं तस्य व्यक्तम् । ततश् च सत्त्वे प्रतीयत इत्य् अत्र करण एवाधिकरण- विवक्षया ॥ स्वरूप-शक्ति-वृत्तित्वम् एव विशदयति । अपावृत आवरण-शून्यः सन् प्रकाशते । प्राकृतं सत्त्वं चेत् तर्हि तत्र प्रतिफलनम् एवावसीयते । ततश् च दर्पणे मुखस्येव तद्-अन्तर्गततया तस्य तत्रावृतत्वेनैव प्रकाशः स्याद् इति भावः । फलितार्थम् आह एवम्भूते सत्त्वे तस्मिन् नित्यम् एव प्रकाशमानो भगवान् मे मया मनसा विशेषेण विधीयते चिन्त्यत इत्य् अर्थः । तत् सत्त्वं तादात्म्यापन्नमे एवअन्यथा नैव मनसा चिन्तयितुं शक्यते इति पर्यवसितम् । ननु केवलेन मनसैव चिन्त्यतां किं तेन सत्त्वेन तत्राह । हि यस्माद् अधोक्षजः अधःकृतम् अतिक्रान्तम् अक्षजम् इन्द्रिय-ज्ञानं येन सः । नमसेति पाठे हि शब्द-स्थानेऽप्य् अनु-शब्दः पठ्यते । ततश् च विशुद्ध- सत्त्वाख्यया स्वप्रकाशता-शक्त्यैव प्रकाशमानोऽसौ नमस्कारादिना केवलम् अनुविधीयते सेव्यते । न तु केनापि प्रकाश्यत इत्य् अर्थः । तद् एव सोऽदृश्यत्वेनैव स्फुरन्न् असौ अदृश्येनैव नमस्कारादिना अस्माभिः सेव्यत इति तत्-प्रकरण-सङ्गतिश् च गम्यते । तथा यतो भगवद्-विग्रह-प्रकाशक-विशुद्ध-सत्त्वस्य मूर्तित्वं वसुदेवत्वं च तत एव तत्-प्रादुर्भाव-विशेषे धर्म-पत्न्या मूर्तित्वं प्रसिद्धम् । श्रीमद्-आनकदुन्दुभौ च वसुदेवत्वम् इति विवेचनीयम् । अत्र श्रद्धा- पुष्ट्य्-आदि-लक्षण-प्रादुर्भूतं भगवच्-छक्त्यंश-रूपस्य भगिनीतया पाठ-साहचर्येण मूर्तेस् तस्यास् तच्-छक्त्य्-अंश-प्रादुर्भावत्वम् उपलभ्यते । तुर्ये धर्म-कला-सर्गे नर-नारायणाव् ऋषी इत्य् [भ्प् १.३.९] अत्र कला-शब्देन च शक्तिर् एवाभिधीयते । ततः शक्ति-लक्षणायां तस्यां च नर- नारायणाख्य-भगवत्-प्रकाश-फल-दर्शनात् वसुदेवाख्य-शुद्ध- सत्त्व-रूपत्वम् एवावसीयते । तद् एवम् एव तस्या मूर्तिर् इत्य् आख्याऽप्य् उक्ता । मूर्तिः सर्व-गुणोत्पत्तिर् नर- नारायणाव् ऋषी इति [भ्प् ४.१.५२] । सर्व-गुणस्य भगवतः उत्पत्तिः प्रकाशो यस्याः सा ताव् असूतेति पूर्वेणान्वयः । भगवद्-आख्यायाः सच्-चिद्-आनन्द- मूर्तेः प्रकाश-हेतुत्वात् मूर्तिर् इत्य् अर्थः तथैव तत्-प्रकाश-फलत्व- दर्शनेन च नास्य् ऐक्येन च श्रीमद्-आनकदुन्दुभेर् अपि शुद्ध-सत्त्वादि- भावत्वं ज्ञेयम् । तच् चोक्तं नवमे - वसुदेवं हरेः स्थानं वदन्त्य् आनकदुन्दुभिम् । इति । [भ्प् ९.२४.३०] अन्यथा हरेः स्थानम् इति विशेषणस्य अकिञ्चित्-करत्वं स्याद् इति । तद् एवं ह्लादिन्य्-आद्य्-एकतमांश-विशेष-प्रधानेन विशुद्ध-सत्त्वेन यथायथं श्री-प्रभृतीनाम् अपि प्रादुर्भावो विवेक्तव्यः । तत्र च तासां भगवति सम्पद्-रूपत्वं तद्-अनुग्राह्ये सम्पत्-सम्पादक-रूपत्वं सम्पद्- अंशजत्वं चेत्य्-आदि-त्रिजगत्वं ज्ञेयम् । तत्र तासां केवल-शक्ति- मात्रत्वेनामूर्तानां भगवद्-विग्रहाद्यैकाम्येन स्थितस् तद्-अधिष्ठात्री- रूपत्वेन मूर्तीनां तु तद्-आवरणतयेति द्विरूपत्वम् अपि ज्ञेयम् इति दिक् ॥ ॥ १०.३९ ॥ श्री-शुकः ॥ ११७ ॥

[117] athaikam eva svarūpaṃ śaktitvena śaktimattvena ca virājatīti | yasya śakteḥ svarūpa-bhūtatvaṃ nirūpitaṃ tac-chakti-mattā-prādhānyena virājamānaṃ bhagavat-saṃjñām āpnoti tac ca vyākhyātam | tad eva ca śaktitva- prādhānyena virājamānaṃ lakṣmī-saṃjñām āpnotīti darśayituṃ tasyāḥ sva- vṛtti-bhedenānantāyāḥ kiyanto bhedā darśyante | yathā - śriyā puṣṭyā girā kāntyā kīrtyā tuṣṭyelayor jayā | vidyayāvidyayā śaktyā māyayā ca niṣevitam || [BhP 10.39.55] śaktir mahā-lakṣmī-rūpā svarūpa-bhūtā | śakti-śabdasya prathama-pravṛtty- āśraya-rūpā bhagavad-antaraṅga-mahā-śaktiḥ | māyā ca bahiraṅgā śaktiḥ | śry-ādayas tu tayor eva vṛtti-rūpayā ceti sarvatra jñeyam | tatra pūrvasyāḥ bhedaḥ | śrīr bhāgavatī sampat | na tv iyaṃ mahā-lakṣmī-rūpā tasyā mūla- śaktitvāt | tad agre vivaraṇīyam | uttarasyāḥ bhedaḥ | śrīr jāgatī sampat | imām evādhikṛtya na śrīr viraktam api māṃ vijahātītyādi-vākyam | yata uktaṃ caturtha-śeṣe śrī-nāradena | śriyam anucaratīṃ tad-arthinaś ca dvipada-patīn vibudhāṃś ca yaḥ sva-pūrṇaḥ | na bhajati nija-bhṛtya-varga-tantraḥ katham amum udvisṛjet pumān rasajñaḥ || [BhP 4.31.22] iti | tatra tad-arthi-dvipada-patyādi-saha-bhāva upajīvyaḥ | tathā durvāsasaḥ śāpa- naṣṭāyās trailokya-lakṣmyā āvirbhāvaṃ sākṣād-bhagavat-preyasī-rūpā svayaṃ kṣīrodād āvirbhūya dṛṣṭyā kṛtavatīti śrūyate | evam aparāpi | tatra ilā bhūs tad upalakṣaṇatvena līlā api | tatra ca pūrvasyā bhedo vidyā tattvāvabodha-kāraṇaṃ saṃvid-ākhyāyās tad-vṛtter vṛtti-viśeṣaḥ | uttarasyā bhedas tasyā eva vidyāyāḥ prakāśa-dvāram | avidyā-lakṣaṇo bhedaḥ pūrvasyā bhagavati vibhutvādi-vimṛti-hetur mātṛ-bhāvādimaya-premānanda- vṛtti-viśeṣaḥ | ataeva gopī-jana-vidyā-kalā-preraka iti tāpanyāṃ śrutau | yathāvasaram etad api vivaraṇīyam | uttarasyāḥ sa bhedaḥ saṃsāriṇaṃ sva-svarūpa-vismṛtyādi-hetur āvaraṇātmaka- vṛtti-viśeṣaḥ ca-kārāt pūrvasyāḥ | sandhinī saṃvit hlādinī bhakty-ādhāra- śakti-mūrti-vimalā-jayā-yogā prahvīśānānugrahādayaś ca jñeyāḥ | atra sandhiny eva satyā jayaivotkarṣiṇī yogaiva yogamāyā saṃvid eva jñānājñāna- śaktiḥ śuddha-sattvaṃ ceti jñeyam | prahvī vicitrānanta-sāmarthya-hetuḥ | īśānā sarvādhikāritā-śakti-hetur iti bhedaḥ | evam uttarasyāś ca yathāyatham anyā jñeyāḥ | tad evam apy atra māyā-vṛttayo na vivriyante | bahiraṅga-sevitvāt | mūle tu sevāṃśabhatapuruṣasya vidūra- vartitayiavāśrityatvāt | tathā ca daśamasya sapta-triṃśe nāradena bhagavān śrī-kṛṣṇa evāstāvi - viśuddha-vijñāna-ghanaṃ sva-saṃsthayā samāpta-sarvārtham amogha-vāñchitam | sva-tejasā nitya-nivṛtta-māyā- guṇa-pravāhaṃ bhagavantam īmahi || tvām īśvaraṃ svāśrayam ātma-māyayā vinirmitāśeṣa-viśeṣa-kalpanam | krīḍārtham adyātta-manuṣya-vigrahaṃ nato'smi dhuryaṃ yadu-vṛṣṇi-sātvatām || iti | [BhP 10.37.23-24] anayor arthaḥ | viśuddhaṃ yad vijñānaṃ parama-tattvaṃ tad eva ghanaḥ śrī- vigraho yasya | sva-saṃsthayā svarūpa-kāreṇa svarūpa-śaktyaiva vā samyag āptā ivāptā nitya-siddhāḥ pūrṇā vā sarve arthā aiśvaryādayo yatra | ataeva na vidyate atitucchatvāt moghe vṛthābhūte jagat-kārye vāñchitaṃ vāñchā yasya | kvacid avāñchitasyāpi sambandho dṛśyate ity āśaṅkyāha | svatejasā svarūpa-śakti-prabhāveṇa nityam eva nivṛtto dūrībhūtayā śaktyā yuktam | guṇamayyā virahitam iti | taṃ bhagavantaṃ śaraṇaṃ vrajema | tathā tvāṃ śrī-kṛṣṇākhyaṃ bhagavantam eva svāṃśeneśvaram antaryāmi- puruṣam api santaṃ nato'smi | kathmabhūtam īśvaraṃ svarūpa-śaktyā svāśrayam api ātma-māyayā ātmātra jīvātmā tad-viṣayayā māyayā | vinirmittā aśeṣa-viśeṣākārā kalpanā yena | yad vā ātmamāyayā svarūpa- śaktyā svāgram vinirmitā aśeṣa-viśeṣā yayā tathābhūtā kalpanā māyā- śaktir yasya kīdṛśaṃ tvām | samprati tva-āvirbhāva-samaye tasyāpīśvarasya tvayi bhagavaty eva praveśāt | yugapad-vicitra-tat-tac-chakti-prakāśena yā krīḍā tad-artham abhyāttaḥ abhi bhaktābhimukhyena āttaḥ ānītaḥ prakaṭito manuṣyākāro narākṛtiḥ paraṃ brahmeti smaraṇāt tad-rūpo bhagavad-ākhyo vigraho yena | tam eva punar viśinaṣṭi | yadu-vṛṣṭi-sātvatāṃ dhuryam | teṣāṃ nitya-parikarāṇāṃ prema-bhāravaham iti | athavā mūla-padye śaktyeti sarvatraiva viśeṣya-padam | śrīr mūla-rūpā | puṣṭyādayas tad-aṃśāḥ | vidyā jñānam | ā samīcīnā vidyā bhaktiḥ | rāja-vidyā rāja-guhyam ity ādy ukteḥ | māyā bahiraṅgā | tad-vṛttayaḥ śry-ādayas tu pṛthak jñeyāḥ | śiṣṭaṃ samam | tataś cātra śuddha-bhagavat-prakaraṇe svarūpa-śakti-vṛttiṣv eva gaṇanāyāṃ paryavasitāsu vivecanīyam idam | prathamaṃ tāvad ekasyaiva tattvasya saccidānandatvāc chaktir apy ekā tridhā bhidyate | tad uktaṃ viṣṇu-purāṇe śrī-dhruveṇa[*ENDNOTE #42] -- hlādinī sandhinī saṃvit tvayy ekā sarva-saṃsthitau | hlāda-tāpa-karī miśrā tvayi no guṇa-varjite || iti [ViP 1.12.68] vyākhyātaṃ ca svāmibhiḥ | hlādinī āhlāda-karī sandhinī santatā saṃvid vidyā-śaktiḥ | ekā mukhyā avyabhicāriṇī svarūpa-bhūteti yāvat | sā sarva- saṃsthitau sarvasya samyak sthitir yasmāt tasmin sarvādhiṣṭhāna-bhūte tvayy eva na tu jīveṣu ca sā guṇamayī trividhā sā tvayi nāsti | tām evāha hlāda- tāpa-karī miśrā iti | hlāda-karī manaḥ-prasādotthā sāttvikī | tāpakarī viṣaya-viyogādiṣu tāpa-karī tāmasī | tad-ubhaya-miśrā viṣaya-janyā rājasī | tatra hetuḥ sattvādi-guṇa-varjite | tad uktaṃ sarvajña-sūktau - hlādinyā saṃvid-āśliṣṭaḥ sac-cid-ānanda īśvaraḥ | svāvidyā-saṃvṛto jīvaḥ saṅkleśa-nikarākaraḥ || iti [Bhāvārtha-dīpikā 1.7.6] atra kramād utkarṣeṇa sandhinī-saṃvid-dhlādinyā jñeyāḥ | tatra ca sati ghaṭānāṃ ghaṭatvam iva sarveṣāṃ satāṃ vastūnāṃ pratīter nimittam iti kvacit sattā-svarūpatvena āmnāto'py asau bhagavān sad eva somyedam agra āsīd ity atra sad-rūpatvena vyāpadiśyamānā mayā sattāṃ dadhāti dhārayati ca sā sarva-deśa-kāla-dravyādi-prāptikarī sandhinī | tathā saṃvid-rūpo'pi yayā saṃvetti saṃvedayati ca sā saṃvit | tathā hlāda-rūpo'pi yayā saṃvid utkaṭa- rūpayā taṃ hlādaṃ saṃvetti saṃvedayati ca sā hlādinīti vivecanīyam | tad evaṃ tasyā mūla-śaktes try-ātmakatvena siddhe yena sva-prakāśatā- lakṣaṇena tad-vṛtti-viśeṣeṇa svarūpaṃ svayaṃ svarūpa-śaktir vā viśiṣṭam āvirbhavati tad viśuddha-sattvam | tac cānya-nirapekṣayas tat-prakāśa iti jñāpana-jñāna-vṛttikatvāt saṃvid eva | asya māyayā sparśābhāvāt viśuddhatvam |[*ENDNOTE #43] uktaṃ ca tasya sattvasya prākṛtād anyataratvaṃ dvādaśe śrī-nārāyaṇarṣiṃ prati mārkaṇḍeyena | sattvaṃ rajas tama itīśa tavātmabandho māyāmayāḥ sthiti-layodbhava-hetavo'sya | līlādhṛtā yad api sattva-mayī praśāntyai nānye nṝṇāṃ vyasana-moha-bhiyaś ca yābhyām || [BhP 12.8.39] tasmāt taveha bhagavann atha tāvakānāṃ śuklāṃ tanuṃ sva-dayitāṃ kuśalā bhajanti | yat sātvatāḥ puruṣa-rūpam uśanti sattvaṃ loko yato'bhayam utātma-sukhaṃ na cānyad || [BhP 12.8.40] [*ENDNOTE #44] anayor arthaḥ | he īśa yad api sattvaṃ rajas tama iti tavaiva māyā-kṛtā līlāḥ | kathambhūtāḥ - asya viśvasya sthityādi-hetavaḥ tathāpi yā sattvamayī saiva praśāntyai prakṛṣṭa-sukhāya bhavati | nānye rajas tamo-mayyau | na kevalaṃ praśāntyabhāva-mātram anayoḥ | bhajane[*ENDNOTE #45] kintv aniṣṭaṃ cety āha vyasaneti | he bhagavan tasmāt tava śuklāṃ sattva-maya- līlādhiṣṭhātrīṃ tanuṃ śrī-viṣṇu-rūpāṃ te kuśalā nipuṇā bhajanti sevante | na tv anyāṃ brahma-rudra-rūpān | tathā tāvakānāṃ jīvānāṃ madhye śuklāṃ sattvaika-niṣṭhāṃa tanuṃ bhagavad-bhakta-lakṣaṇa-svāyambhuva-manvādi-rūpāṃa[*ENDNOTE #46] ye bhajanti anusaranti | na tu dakṣa-bhairavādi-rūpām | kathambhūtāṃ svasya tavāpi dayitāṃ loka-śānti-karatvāt | nanu mama svarūpam api sattvātmakam iti prasiddhaṃ | tarhi kathaṃ tasyāpi māyāmayatvam eva | nahi nahīty āha sātvatāḥ śrī-bhāgavatā yat sattvaṃ puruṣasya tava rūpaṃ prakāśam uśanti manyante | yataś ca sattvāt loko vaikuṇṭhākhyaḥ prakāśate | tad abhayam ātma-sukhaṃ para-brahmānanda- svarūpam evab na tv anyat prakṛtijaṃ sattvaṃ tad iti | atra sattva-śabdena sva- prakāśatāb-lakṣaṇa-svarūpa-śakti-vṛtti-viśeṣa ucyate | sattvaṃ viśuddhaṃ vasudeva-śabditaṃ yad īyate tatra pumān apāvṛtaḥ | [BhP 4.3.21] iti śrī-śiva-vākyānusārātc | agocarasya gocaratve hetuḥ prakṛti-guṇaḥ | sattvam ity aśuddha-sattva-lakṣaṇa-prasiddhy-anusāreṇa tathābhūtaś cic- chakti-viśeṣaḥ sattvam iti saṅgati-lābhāc ca | tataś ca tasya svarūpa-śakti- vṛttitvena svarūpātmataivety uktam | tad abhayam ātma-sukham iti dśakti- prādhānya-vivakṣayoktaṃ loko yata itid | arthāntare bhagavad-vigrahaṃ prati rūpaṃ yad etad [BhP 2.8.2] ityādau śuddha-svarūpa-mātratva-pratijñā- bhaṅgaḥ | abhayam ity ādau prāñjalatā-hāniś ca bhavati | anyat padasyaikasyaiva rajas tamaś ceti dvir-āvṛttau pratipatti-gaurava utpadyate | pūrvam api nānya iti dvi-vacanenaiva he parāmṛṣṭe | tasmād asti prasiddhād anyat svarūpa-bhūtaṃ sattvam | yad evaikādaśe yat kāya eṣa bhuvana-traya-sanniveśa [BhP 11.4.4] ityādau jñānaṃ svata ity atra ṭīkā-kṛn-mataṃ yasya svarūpa-bhūtāt sattvāt tanu- bhṛtāṃ jñānam ity anena yathā brahmaṇaḥ stavānte etat suhṛdbhiś caritam ity atra vyaktetaraṃ vyaktāj jaḍa-prapañcād itarat śuddha-sattvātmakam ity ādinā | tathā paro rajaḥ savitur jāta-vedā devasya bharga [BhP 5.7.14] ity ādau śrī- bharata-jāpye tan-matam | paro rajaḥ rajasaḥ prakṛteḥ paraṃ śuddha- sattvātmakam ity ādinā | ataeva prākṛtāḥ sattvādayo guṇā jīvasyaiva na tv īśasyeti śrūyate | yathaikādaśe sattvaṃ rajas tama iti guṇā jivasya naiva me | [11.25.12] iti | śrī-bhagavad-upaniṣatsu ca - ye caiva sāttvikā bhāvā rājasās tāmasāś ca ye | matta eveti tān viddhi na tv ahaṃ teṣu te mayi || tribhir guṇamayair bhāvair ebhiḥ sarvam idaṃ jagat | mohitaṃ nābhijānāti mām ebhyaḥ param avyayam || daivī hy eṣā guṇamayī mama māyā duratyayā | mām eva ye prapadyante māyām etāṃ taranti te || [Gītā 7.12-14] yathā daśame - harir hi nirguṇaḥ sākṣāt puruṣaḥ prakṛteḥ paraḥ | sa sarva-dṛg upadraṣṭā taṃ bhajan nirguṇo bhavet || [BhP 10.88.4] śrī-viṣṇu-purāṇe - sattvādayo na santīśe yatra ca prākṛtā guṇāḥ | sa śuddhaḥ sarva-śuddhebhyaḥ pumān ādyaḥ prasīdatu || iti | [ViP 1.9.44] tathā ca daśame devendreṇoktam -- viśuddha-sattvaṃ tava dhāma śāntaṃ tapomayaṃ dhvasta-rajas-tamaskam | māyāmayo'yaṃ guṇa-saṃpravāho na vidyate te'graṇānubandhaḥ || iti [BhP 10.27.4] ayam arthaḥ | dhāma svarūpa-bhūta-prakāśa-śaktiḥ | viśuddhatvam āha viśeṣaṇa-dvayena | dhvasta-rajas-tamaskaṃ tapo-mayam iti ca | tapo'tra jñānaṃ sa tapo'tapyata iti śruteḥ | tapomayaṃ pracura-jñāna-svarūpam jāḍyāṃśenāpi rahitam ity arthaḥ | ātmā jñāna-mayaḥ śuddha itivat | dhṛtaḥ[*ENDNOTE #47] prākṛta-sattvam api vyāvṛttam | ata eva māyāmayo'yaṃ sattvādi-guṇa-pravāhas te tava na vidyate | yato'sāv ajñānenaivānubandha iti | ataeva śrī-bhagavantaṃ prati brahmādīnāṃ sayuktikaṃ vākyam | sattvaṃ viśuddhaṃ śrayate bhavān sthitau śarīriṇāṃ śreya-upāyanaṃ vapuḥ | veda-kriyā-yoga-tapaḥ-samādhibhis tavārhaṇaṃ yena janaḥ samīhate || [BhP 10.2.34] sattvaṃ na ced dhātar idaṃ nijaṃ bhaved vijñānam ajñāna-bhidāpamārjanam | guṇa-prakāśair anumīyate bhavān prakāśate yasya ca yena vā guṇaḥ || [BhP 10.2.35] ayam arthaḥ | sattvaṃ tena prakāśamānatvāt tad-abhinnatayā rūpitaṃ vapur bhavān śrayate prakaṭayati | kathambhūtaṃ sattvaṃ viśuddham | anyasya rajas-tamobhyām amiśrasyāpi[*ENDNOTE #48] prākṛtatvena jāḍyāṃśa- saṃvalitatvān na viśeṣeṇa śuddhatvam | etat tu svarūpa-śakty-ātma[ka]tvena tad-aṃśasyāpy asparśād atīva śuddha[tva]m ity arthaḥ | kim arthaṃ śrayate | śarīriṇāṃ sthitau nija-caraṇāravinde manaḥsthairyāya sarvatra [bhakteṣu] bhakti-sukha-dānasyaiva tvadīya-mukhya-prayojanatvād iti bhāvaḥ | bhakti-yoga-vidhānārtham iti [BhP 1.8.19] śrī-kuntī-vākyāt | kathambhūtaṃ vapuḥ śreyasāṃ sarveṣāṃ puruṣārthānām upāyanam āśrayam | nityānanta-paramānanda-rūpam ity arthaḥ | ato vapuṣas tava ca bheda- nirdeśo'yam[*ENDNOTE #49] aupacārika eveti bhāvaḥ | ataeva yena vapuṣā yad vapur ālambanenaiva janas tavārhaṇaṃ pūjāṃ karoti | kaiḥ sādhanaiḥ vedādibhis tvad-ālambanakair ity arthaḥ | sādhāraṇais tv arpitair eva tvad- arhaṇa-prāyatā-siddhāv api | vapuṣo'napekṣatvāt | tādṛśae- vapuṣo'napekṣyatvāt tādṛśae[*ENDNOTE #50]-vapuḥ-prakāśa-hetutvena svarūpātmakatvaṃ spaṣṭayanti | he dhātaś ced yadi idaṃ sattvaṃ yat tava nijaṃ vijñānam anubhavaṃ[ḥ] tadātmikā sva-prakāśatā-śaktir ity arthaḥ | tan na bhavet | tarhi tv ajñāna- bhidā sva-prakāśasya tavānubhavaf-prakāra eva mārjanaṃ śuddhim avāpa | saiva jagati paryavasīyate na tu tavānubhavaf[*ENDNOTE #51]-leśo'pīty arthaḥ | nanu prākṛta-sattva-guṇenaiva gmamānubhavog[*ENDNOTE #52] bhavatu kiṃ nija-hgrahaṇh[*ENDNOTE #53]ena tatrāha | prākṛta-guṇa-prakāśair bhavān kevalam anumīyate na tu sākṣātkriyata ity arthaḥ | athavā tava vijñāna-rūpam ajñāna-bhidāyā apamarjanaṃ ca yan nijaṃ sattvaṃ tad yadi na bhaven nāvirbhavati tadaiva prākṛta-sattvādi-guṇa-prakāśair bhavān anumīyate | t[v]an-nija-sattāvirbhāveṇa tu sākṣāt-kriyata evety arthaḥ | tad eva spaṣṭayituṃ tatrānumāne dvaividhyam āhur yasya guṇaḥ prakāśata iyena vā guṇaḥ prakāśatai[*ENDNOTE #54] iti | asvarūpa-bhūtasyaiva [prākṛta- ]sattvādi-guṇasya tvad-avyabhicāri-sambandhitva-mātreṇa vā tvad-eka- prakāśyamānatā-mātreṇa vā tval-liṅgatvam ity arthaḥ | yathā aruṇodayasya sūryodaya-sānnidhya-liṅgatvaṃ yathā vā dhūmasyāgni-liṅgatvam iti | tata ubhayathāpi tava sākṣātkāre tasya sādhakatamatvābhāvo yukta iti bhāvaḥ | tad evam aprākṛta-sattvasya tadīya-sva-prakāśatā-rūpatvaṃ yena svaprakāśasya tava sākṣātkāro bhavatīti sthāpitam | atra ye viśuddha-sattvaṃ nāma prākṛtam eva rajas-tamaḥ-śūnyaṃ matvā tat-kāryaṃ bhagavad- vigrahādikaṃ manyante te tu na kenāpy anugṛhītāḥ | rajaḥ- sambandhābhāvena svataḥ praśānta-svabhāvasya sarvatrodāsīnatākṛti-hetos tasya kṣobhāsambhavāt vidyāmayatvena yathāvasthita-vastu-prakāśitāmātra- dharmatvāt, tasya kalpanāntarāyogyatvāc ca | tad uktam apy agocarasya gocaratve hetuḥ prakṛti-guṇaḥ sattvam | gocarasya bahu-rūpatve rajaḥ | bahurūpasya tirohitatve rajaḥ[*ENDNOTE #55] | tathā parasparodāsīnatve sattvam | upakāritve rajaḥ | apakāritve tamaḥ | gocaratvādīni sthit-sṛṣṭi- saṃhārāḥ udāsīnatvādīni ceti | atha rajo-leśe tatra mantavye viśuddha-padavaiyarthyam ity alaṃ tan-mata- rajo-jleśe tatra mantavye viśuddha-pada-vaiyarthyam ity alaṃ tan- mataj[*ENDNOTE #56]-rajo- ghaṭa-praghaṭṭanayeti |[*ENDNOTE #57] ktatra cedam eva viśuddha-sattvaṃ sandhiny-aṃśa-pradhānaṃ ced ādhāra- śaktiḥ | saṃvid-aṃśa-pradhānam ātma-vidyā | hlādinī-sārāṃśa-pradhānaṃ guhya-vidyā | yugapat śakti-traya-pradhānaṃ mūrtiḥ | atrādhāra-śaktyā bhagavad-dhāma prakāśate | tad uktaṃ - yat sātvatāḥ puruṣa-rūpam uśanti sattvaṃ loko yata [BhP 12.8.40][*ENDNOTE #58] iti | tathā jñāna-tat-pravaraka-lakṣaṇa-vṛtti-dvayakayātma-vidyayā tad-vṛtti- rūpam upāsakāśrayaṃ jñānaṃ prakāśate | evaṃ bhakti-tat-pravartaka-lakṣaṇa- vṛtti-dvayakayā guhya-vidyayā tad-vṛtti-rūpā prītyātmikā bhaktiḥ prakāśate | ete eva viṣṇu-purāṇe lakṣmī-stave spaṣṭīkṛte - yajña-vidyā mahā-vidyā guhya-vidyā ca śobhate | ātma-vidyā ca devi tvaṃ vimukti-phala-dāyinī || [ViP 1.9.118] iti | yajña-vidyā karma | mahā-vidyā aṣṭāṅga-yogaḥ | guhya-vidyā bhaktiḥ | ātma-vidyā jñānam | tat-tat-sarvāśrayatvāt tvam eva tat-tad-rūpā vividhānāṃ muktīnām anyeṣāṃ ca vividhānāṃ phalānāṃ dātrī bhavasīty arthaḥ |k[*ENDNOTE #59] atha mūrtyā paratattvātmakaḥ śrī-vigraha prakāśate | iyam eva vasudevākhyā | tad uktaṃ caturthasya tṛtīye mahādevena - sattvaṃ viśuddhaṃ vasudeva-śabditaṃ yad īyate tatra pumān apāvṛtaḥ | sattve ca tasmin bhagavān vāsudevo hy adhokṣajo me manasā vidhīyate || iti | [BhP 4.3.23] | asyārthaḥ | viśuddhaṃ sva-rūpa-śakti-vṛttitvāj jāḍyāṃśenāpi rahitam iti viśeṣeṇa śuddhaṃ tad eva vasudeva-śabdenoktam | kutas tasya sattvatā vasudevatā vā tatrāha- yad yasmāt tatra tasmin pumān vāsudeva īyate prakāśate | ādye tāvad agocara-gocaratā-hetutvena loka-prasiddha-sattva- sāmyāt sattvatā vyaktā | dvitīye tv ayaṃ arthaḥ | vasudeve bhavati pratīyata iti vāsudevaḥ parameśvaraḥ prasiddhaḥ | sa ca viśuddha-sattvaṃ pratīyate | ataḥ pratyayārthena prasiddhena prakṛty-artho nirdhāryate | tataś ca vāsayati devam iti vyutpattyā va vasaty asminn iti vā vasuḥ | tathā dīvyati dyotata iti devaḥ | sa cāsau sa ceti vāsudevaḥ | dharma iṣṭaṃ dhanaṃ nṝṇāṃ iti svayaṃ bhagavad ukte vasubhir bhagavad-dharma-lakṣaṇaiḥ puṇyaiḥ prakāśata iti vā vasudevaḥ | tasmād vasudeva-śabditaṃ viśuddha-sattvam | itthaṃ svayaṃ prakāśa-jyotir-eka-vigraha-bhagavaj-jñāna-hetutvena kaivalyaṃ sāttvikaṃ jñānaṃ rajo vaikalpikaṃ tu yat | prākṛtaṃ tāmasaṃ jñānaṃ man-niṣṭham nirguṇaṃ smṛtam || ity ādau [BhP 11.25.24] bahutra guṇātītāvasthāyām eva bhagavaj-jñāna-śravaṇena na ca siddham atra viśuddha-padāvagataṃ svarūpa-śakti-vṛtti-bhūta-svaprakāśatā-lakṣaṇatvaṃ tasya vyaktam | tataś ca sattve pratīyata ity atra karaṇa evādhikaraṇa- vivakṣayā || svarūpa-śakti-vṛttitvam eva viśadayati | apāvṛta āvaraṇa-śūnyaḥ san prakāśate | prākṛtaṃ sattvaṃ cet tarhi tatra pratiphalanam evāvasīyate | tataś ca darpaṇe mukhasyeva tad-antargatatayā tasya tatrāvṛtatvenaiva prakāśaḥ syād iti bhāvaḥ | phalitārtham āha evambhūte sattve tasmin nityam eva prakāśamāno bhagavān me mayā manasā viśeṣeṇa vidhīyate cintyata ity arthaḥ | tat sattvaṃ tādātmyāpanname evaanyathā naiva manasā cintayituṃ śakyate iti paryavasitam | nanu kevalena manasaiva cintyatāṃ kiṃ tena sattvena tatrāha | hi yasmād adhokṣajaḥ adhaḥkṛtam atikrāntam akṣajam indriya-jñānaṃ yena saḥ | namaseti pāṭhe hi śabda-sthāne'py anu-śabdaḥ paṭhyate | tataś ca viśuddha- sattvākhyayā svaprakāśatā-śaktyaiva prakāśamāno'sau namaskārādinā kevalam anuvidhīyate sevyate | na tu kenāpi prakāśyata ity arthaḥ | tad eva so'dṛśyatvenaiva sphurann asau adṛśyenaiva namaskārādinā asmābhiḥ sevyata iti tat-prakaraṇa-saṅgatiś ca gamyate | tathā yato bhagavad-vigraha-prakāśaka-viśuddha-sattvasya mūrtitvaṃ vasudevatvaṃ ca tata eva tat-prādurbhāva-viśeṣe dharma-patnyā mūrtitvaṃ prasiddham | śrīmad-ānakadundubhau ca vasudevatvam iti vivecanīyam | atra śraddhā- puṣṭy-ādi-lakṣaṇa-prādurbhūtaṃ bhagavac-chaktyaṃśa-rūpasya bhaginītayā pāṭha-sāhacaryeṇa mūrtes tasyās tac-chakty-aṃśa-prādurbhāvatvam upalabhyate | turye dharma-kalā-sarge nara-nārāyaṇāv ṛṣī ity [BhP 1.3.9] atra kalā-śabdena ca śaktir evābhidhīyate | tataḥ śakti-lakṣaṇāyāṃ tasyāṃ ca nara- nārāyaṇākhya-bhagavat-prakāśa-phala-darśanāt vasudevākhya-śuddha- sattva-rūpatvam evāvasīyate | tad evam eva tasyā mūrtir ity ākhyā'py uktā | mūrtiḥ sarva-guṇotpattir nara- nārāyaṇāv ṛṣī iti [BhP 4.1.52] | sarva-guṇasya bhagavataḥ utpattiḥ prakāśo yasyāḥ sā tāv asūteti pūrveṇānvayaḥ | bhagavad-ākhyāyāḥ sac-cid-ānanda- mūrteḥ prakāśa-hetutvāt mūrtir ity arthaḥ tathaiva tat-prakāśa-phalatva- darśanena ca nāsy aikyena ca śrīmad-ānakadundubher api śuddha-sattvādi- bhāvatvaṃ jñeyam | tac coktaṃ navame - vasudevaṃ hareḥ sthānaṃ vadanty ānakadundubhim | iti | [BhP 9.24.30] anyathā hareḥ sthānam iti viśeṣaṇasya akiñcit-karatvaṃ syād iti | tad evaṃ hlādiny-ādy-ekatamāṃśa-viśeṣa-pradhānena viśuddha-sattvena yathāyathaṃ śrī-prabhṛtīnām api prādurbhāvo vivektavyaḥ | tatra ca tāsāṃ bhagavati sampad-rūpatvaṃ tad-anugrāhye sampat-sampādaka-rūpatvaṃ sampad- aṃśajatvaṃ cety-ādi-trijagatvaṃ jñeyam | tatra tāsāṃ kevala-śakti- mātratvenāmūrtānāṃ bhagavad-vigrahādyaikāmyena sthitas tad-adhiṣṭhātrī- rūpatvena mūrtīnāṃ tu tad-āvaraṇatayeti dvirūpatvam api jñeyam iti dik || || 10.39 || śrī-śukaḥ || 117 ||

English translation

English witness · section(s) 103

Anuccheda 103

1 The potencies and the Lord who is the master of all potencies are one. The most important form of the master of potencies is Bhagavan, or the Supreme Personality of Godhead. The most important potency is Laksmi-devi, or the goddess of fortune. How many forms does limitless Laksmi-devi manifest? Srimad Bhagavatam (10.39.55) names some of Her expansions: 2 “The Lord was served by His potencies Sri, Pusti, Gira, kanti, Kirti, Tusti, Ila, Ja, Vidya, Avidya, Sakti and Maya.” 3 The word “Sakti” here means ‘Maha-laksmi’. “Sakti” here means the Lord’s first, great, internal potency. ‘Maya’ here is His external potency. All these potencies beginning with Sri may be divided into two groups: 1. Spiritual, and 2. Material. These groups are headed by Sri and Maya respectively. The first group, the personal opulence of the Lord, is headed by Sri. It is not headed by Maha-laksmi because She is the root from which all (both spiritual and material) potencies come. This has already been explained. The second group, headed by Maya, is the opulence of the material universes. 4 The Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself describes the potency Sri in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 3.16.7): “Because I am the servitor of My devotees, My lotus feet have become so sacred that they immediately wipe out all sin, and I have acquired such a disposition that the goddess Sri does not leave Me, even though I have no attachment for her and others praise her beauty and observe sacred vows to secure from her a slight favour.”* At the end of the Fourth canto (Srimad Bhagavatam 4.31.22) Sri Narada describes goddess Sri in these words: 5 “Although the Supreme Personality of Godhead is self-sufficient, He becomes dependent on His devotees. He does not care for the goddess Sri, nor for the kings and demigods who are after the favours of goddess Sri. Where is that person who is actually grateful and will not worship the Personality of Godhead?”* 6 This verse explains that Sri is the patroness of many human kings and others who offer prayers to her. Cursed by Durvasa Muni, she appeared in the three material worlds, where she was born from the ocean of milk and with a glance became the beloved of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. The material potencies (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.39.55, quoted in text 2) are next described. Ila is the earth, or also the pastime potency. Among the spiritual potencies, Vidya, or knowledge, is the potency that enlightens one about the truth. It is also named Samvit. The pastime potency is divided into knowledge and ignorance potencies. The ignorance potency, which makes one forget the Supreme Lord’s powers and opulences, brought the bliss of ecstatic love to Lord Krsna’s mother (Yasoda). In the same way it also bewildered the gopis, as is described in the Gopala-tapani Upanisad. This will be described in detail at the proper time. The material ignorance potency makes the conditioned souls in the material world forget the Supreme Personality of Godhead. It covers their true knowledge. 7 From the pastime potency the potencies Sandhini, Samvit, Hladini, Bhakty-adhara-sakti, Murti, Vimala, Jaya, Yoga, Prahvi, Isana, Anugraha, and others are manifested. Sandhini is the potency of eternal existence. Jaya is the potency of glory. Yoga is the potency of Yogamaya. Samvit is the potency of knowledge and ignorance and it is also the potency of pure transcendence. Prahvi is the potency of wonderful, limitless ability. Isana is the potency that makes everything possible. These and other potencies are manifest from the pastime potency. Because the Maya potency is manifest from the external potency, it is not counted among them. Part of the external potency, it remains far away from the Supreme Lord’s purusa-avatara. In the Tenth Canto, Thirty seventh Chapter (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.37.22-23) Narada prays to Sri Krsna: 8 “My Lord, let me offer my respectful obeisances unto Your lotus feet. You are situated completely in the transcendental position in perfect knowledge and bliss. You are complete in Yourself and are beyond all desires. By exhibiting Your internal potency, You have set up the influence of maya. Your unlimited potency cannot even be measured by anyone.* 9 “My dear Lord, You are the supreme controller. You are under Your own internal potency, and it is simply vain to think that You are dependent on any of Your creations. You have taken birth in the Yadu dynasty, or the Vrsni dynasty. Your advent on the surface of the earth in Your original form of eternal blissful knowledge is Your own pastime. You are not dependent on anything but Yourself; therefore I offer my respectful obeisances unto Your lotus feet.”* 10 An explanation of these two verses follows. The words ‘visuddha-vijnana-ghananm’ mean ‘the Supreme Truth, whose transcendental form is full of pure knowledge’. “Sva-samsthaya’ means either ‘with Your transcendental form’ or ‘with Your own potencies’. ‘Samapta’ means either ‘eternally perfect’ or ‘completely full’. ‘Sarvartha’ means ‘all opulences’. ‘Amogha-vanchitam’ means ‘never cheated by insignificant, useless material desires.’ Thinking someone might consider the Lord cheated in this way, Narada spoke the next words (which begin with ‘sva-tejasa’). ‘Sva-tejasa’ means ‘by the power of Your internal potency’. ‘Nitya-nivrtta-maya-guna-pravaham’ Means ‘far away from the modes of material nature.’ 11 The words ‘atma-mayaya’ mean that the Lord associates with His internal potency, not with His potency of the modes of material nature. ‘Bhagavantam imahi’ means ‘We take shelter of the Supreme Personality of Godhead’. The second verse concludes: ‘I offer my respectful obeisances to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is named Sri Krsna and who by His plenary portion is present as the Supersoul in everyone’s heart.” 12 What does the word ‘isvaram’ mean here? The verse says ‘svasrayam atma-mayaya’, which means ‘He is not dependent on His maya potency, which creates various material forms for the individual spirit souls’, or it may also mean ‘He is the shelter of the maya potency, which creates various material forms for the individual spirit souls. What does the word ‘tvam’ (You) mean here? It means ‘Now that You have appeared in this world, Your plenary expansion who acts as the controller of maya has entered within You. At the same time, in order to enjoy many pastimes (kridartham) with Your potencies and because You love Your devotees, You have appeared in a humanlike form (abhyattam manusya-vigraham).” The humanlike form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is described in Srimad Bhagavatam: “The form of the Supreme Brahman is like a human form.” 13 The verse continues: ‘dhuryam yadu-vrsni-satvatam’ (You are the leader of the Yadus, Vrsnis and Satvatas. This shows that the Lord is full of love for His eternal associates. In the verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.39.55) quoted in the beginning of this anuccheda (text 2), Pusti and the other potencies are all partial expansions of the potency Sri. ‘Vidya’ there means ‘knowledge’ and the following word ‘avidya’ may also be properly understood as ‘avidya’ (with a long initial a), in which case it means ‘the great knowledge’. The great knowledge here is pure devotional service. This is described in Bhagavad-gita (9.2): “This knowledge (of devotional service) is the king of education, the most secret of all secrets. It is the purest knowledge, and because it gives direct perception of the self by realisation, it is the perfection of religion. It is everlasting, and it is joyfully performed.”* 14 In Srimad Bhagavatam 10.39.55, quoted in text 2, the word ‘maya’ means ‘the external potency’. The spiritual potencies headed by Sri should be understood to be different from the external potency. The other potencies are like the external potency. In the pure description of the Lord it is said that the Lord’s internal potency is divided into three according to the Lord’s nature of being eternal, full of knowledge, and full of bliss. This is described in Visnu Purana (1.12.69) where Sri Dhruva says: 15 “O Lord, You are the support of everything. The three attributes hladini, sandhini and samvit exist in You as one spiritual energy. But the material modes, which cause happiness, misery, and mixtures of the two, do not exist in You, for You have no material qualities.”* 16 “The word ‘hladini’ means ‘the Lord’s internal potency that gives bliss’. ‘Tvayi sarva-samsthitau’ means ‘Everything rests in You. It does not rest in the individual living entities (jivas).’ The verse says: ‘The three modes of material nature do not stay in You.’ These modes are described in the words ‘hlada-tapa-kari misra’. ‘Hlada’ means ‘the material mode of goodness, which pleases the heart’. ‘Tapa-kari’ means ‘the material mode of ignorance, which removes all happiness’. ‘Misra’ means ‘the material mode of passion, which gives a mixture of happiness and misery.’ The verse here says that these three material modes do not exist in the Lord (guna-varjite). ‘In the Sarvajna-sukti it is said: 17 “The Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Supreme Controller, is always full of transcendental bliss and is accompanied by the potencies hladini and samvit. The conditioned soul, however, is always covered by ignorance and embarrassed by the threefold miseries of life. Thus he is a treasure-house of all kinds of tribulations”.* 18 In sequence of importance, with the last the most important, these three potencies are listed sandhini, samvit and hladini. As all pots are made by some potter, so everything that is has a cause somewhere. That the Supreme Personality of Godhead is eternal and is not preceded by a cause that created Him is confirmed by the Sruti-sastra (Chandogya Upanisad 6.2.1): “O gentle student, before this material world was created, the eternal Supreme existed.” That the Supreme Personality of Godhead exists in all places, times and circumstances, and gives eternal life to others, is effected by His sandhini potency. That the Supreme Personality of Godhead knows everything and enlightens others is effected by His samvit potency. That the Supreme Personality of Godhead experiences bliss and gives bliss to others is effected by His hladini potency, which is the best of all. 19 In this way it is proved that the Lord’s internal potency is divided in three. The potency by which the Lord personally appears in His transcendental form is called Visuddha-sattva, or the potency of pure goodness. The Lord does not appear in any way other than through this potency, just as He does not know or teach in any way other than through His samvit potency. The Visuddha-sattva potency is called pure because it is untouched by the material potency maya. That the Visuddha-sattva potency is beyond the realm of matter is explained in these words spoken by Markandeya to Narayana Rsi (Srimad Bhagavatam 12.8.45-46): 20 “O my Lord, O supreme friend of the conditioned soul, although for the creation, maintenance and annihilation of this world You accept the modes of goodness, passion and ignorance, which constitute Your illusory potency, You specifically employ the mode of goodness to liberate the conditioned souls. The other two modes simply bring them suffering, illusion and fear.”*** 21 “O Lord, because fearlessness, spiritual happiness and the kingdom of God are all achieved through the mode of pure goodness, Your devotees consider this mode, but never passion and ignorance, to be a direct manifestation of You, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Intelligent persons thus worship Your beloved transcendental form, composed of pure goodness, along with the spiritual forms of Your pure devotees.”*** 22 An explanation of these two verses follows. These verses mean: ‘O Lord (isa), the modes of goodness, passion and ignorance are the potencies You employ in Your pastimes?” How is that? “They are employed for the creation, maintenance and annihilation of the material world.” The mode of goodness (sattvamayi) is employed to bring peace (prasantyai) and great happiness. The other two modes, passion and ignorance, are not employed for that purpose. They do not bring peace and they are useless for advancement in service of the Lord. Therefore the words ‘vyasana-moha-bhiyah’ (suffering, illusion and fear) are used here to describe their employment. The second verse says: ‘O Lord (bhagavan), therefore (tasmat) intelligent persons (kusalah) serve (bhajanti) Your transcendental form of Lord Visnu, which is composed of pure goodness. In the same way they also worship the forms of the individual living entities such as Svayambhuva Manu and others who are Your pure devotees, and whose forms are also composed of pure goodness.’ They never worship the forms of Brahma, Siva or the other demigods. Why? Because Your form brings peace to the world (loka-prasantyai) it is very dear to them. 23 At this point the Supreme Personality of Godhead may protest: ‘In this way you have proved that My form is a manifestation of the mode of goodness. Why do you insist, then, that it is not a product of the illusory potency, maya?” The reply is given: “O Lord, because fearlessness, spiritual happiness, and the kingdom of God, Vaikunthaloka, are all achieved through the mode of pure goodness, Your devotees consider this mode to be a direct manifestation of You, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” From this it should be understood that the mode of goodness mentioned here is the spiritual potency by which the Lord manifests His form according to His own wish. The goodness here is not a product of matter. This is described by Lord Siva in the following words (Srimad Bhagavatam 4.3.23): 24 “I am always engaged in meditating on Lord Vasudeva in pure Krsna consciousness (suddha-sattva, or pure goodness). Krsna consciousness is always pure consciousness (goodness), in which the Supreme Personality of Godhead, known as Vasudeva, is revealed without any covering.”* 25 The reason the Supreme Personality of Godhead cannot be understood by the senses of mind is here given: He cannot be understood through the material modes of nature. The impure mode of goodness is material in nature and the Lord cannot be understood through it. The pure mode of goodness, however, is the Lord’s spiritual potency, and by its agency one can attain the Lord. 26 The words (Srimad Bhagavatam 12.8.46 quoted in Text 21) ‘loko yato bhayam utatma-sukham’ (fearlessness, spiritual happiness, and the kingdom of God are all achieved through the mode of pure goodness) proof that pure goodness is a spiritual potency of the Lord. That the Lord’s form must be manifest by His spiritual potency and cannot be manifest by a material mode of nature is confirmed in Srimad Bhagavatam (10.3.24): “My dear Lord, there are different Vedas, some of which describe You as unperceivable through words and the mind. Yet You are the origin of the entire cosmic manifestation. You are Brahman, the greatest of everything, full of effulgence like the sun. You have no material cause, You are free from change and deviation, and You have no material desires. Thus the Vedas say that You are the substance. Therefore, my Lord, You are directly the origin of all Vedic statements, and by understanding You, one gradually understands everything. You are different from the light of Brahman and Paramatma, yet You are not different from them. Everything emanates from You. Indeed, You are the cause of all causes, Lord Visnu, the light of all transcendental knowledge.”* In Srimad Bhagavatam 12.8.46 the word ‘abhayam’ means ‘fearlessness’ and ‘anyat’, although one word, means the two words ‘passion and ignorance.’ In the previous verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 12.8.45) the word ‘anya’ also meant both ‘passion and ignorance’. In this way the goodness that manifests the Lord’s form is different from material goodness. This is also explained in Srimad Bhagavatam (11.4.4): “The form of the Lord then entered the three worlds. From His senses the working and knowledge acquiring senses of the embodied beings became manifest. From His potency their knowledge became manifest. From His breathing their actions and the powers of their bodies and senses became manifest. With His three modes headed by goodness, He creates, maintains and destroys the worlds.” The words ‘jnanam svatah’ are explained by Srila Sridhara Svami in these words: “These words mean that from the Lord’s own potency of pure goodness the knowledge of the embodied beings is manifest.” 27 This is also described at the end of Brahma’s prayers (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.11.60): “These descriptions of Lord Krsna’s pastimes with His cowherd boys, His eating with them on the bank of the Yamuna, and Lord Brahma’s prayers unto Him, are all transcendental subject matters. Anyone who hears, recites, or chants them surely gets all his spiritual desires fulfilled.”* Srila Sridhara Svami comments: “The word ‘vyaktetarat’ here means ‘transcendental pure goodness, which is different from the world of matter.’” This is also described by Maharaja Bharata (Srimad Bhagavatam 5.7.14): “The Supreme Personality of Godhead is situated in pure goodness. He illuminates the entire universe and bestows all benedictions upon His devotees. The Lord has created this universe from His own spiritual potency. According to His desire, the Lord entered this universe as the Supersoul, and by virtue of His different potencies, He is maintaining all living entities desiring material enjoyment. Let me offer my respectful obeisances unto the Lord, who is the giver of intelligence.”* Srila Sridhara Svami comments: “The words ‘paro rajah’ mean ‘beyond the material mode of passion, or situated in the pure mode of goodness’.” The Vedic literatures explain that the material modes of nature, which begin with material goodness, affect the individual living entity (jiva), but they have no affect on the Supreme Personality of Godhead (isa). This is confirmed by the Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 11.25.12): “The material modes of goodness, passion and ignorance influence the individual living entities, but they have no influence on Me.” 28 The Lord again explains in Sri Bhagavad-gita Upanisad (7.12-14): “Know that all states of being - be they of goodness, passion or ignorance - are manifested by My energy. I am, in one sense, everything, but I am independent. I am not under the modes of material nature, for they, on the contrary, are within Me.* 29 “Deluded by the three modes (goodness, passion and ignorance), the whole world does not know Me, who am above the modes and inexhaustible.* 30 “This divine energy of Mine, consisting of the three modes of material nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who have surrendered unto Me can easily cross beyond it.”* 31 That the Supreme Personality of Godhead is beyond the modes of material nature is also described in the Tenth Canto (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.88.5): “Sri Hari, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is situated beyond the range of material nature; therefore He is the supreme transcendental person. He can see everything inside and outside; therefore He is the supreme overseer of all living entities. If someone takes shelter at His lotus feet and worships Him, he also attains a transcendental position.”* 32 This is also described in Sri Visnu Purana (1.9.43): “May the Supreme Personality of Godhead, in whom material goodness and the other material modes are never present, and who is the first of all who are pure, be pleased with me.” 33 By the use of the adjective ‘prakrta’ (material) here the existence of other, non material modes is implied. In the word ‘prasidatu’ (may He be pleased), the other, non material mode is the source of the Lord’s pleasure. This other mode is pure goodness. It is described in Sri Visnu Purana (1.12.69, quoted in text 15): “O Lord, You are the support of everything. The three attributes hladini, sandhini, and samvit exist in You as one spiritual energy. But the material modes, which cause happiness, misery and mixtures of the two, do not exist in You, for You have no material qualities.”* 34 That the Supreme Personality of Godhead is beyond the touch of the material modes of nature is also described in the Tenth canto, where Indra, the king of the demigods, says (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.27.4): “My dear Lord, You are transcendental to all the material qualities. Your transcendental position is visuddha-sattvam, which is above the platform of the material modes and Your transcendental abode is above the disturbance of the material qualities. Your name, fame, form, quality and pastimes are all beyond the material nature. Your abode is accessible only for one who undergoes severe austerities and penances and is completely freed from the onslaught of material qualities like passion and ignorance. If someone thinks that when You come within this material world You accept the modes of material nature, he is mistaken. The webs of the material qualities are never able to touch You, and You certainly do not accept them when You are present within this world. Your Lordship is never conditioned by the laws of material nature.”* 35 An explanation of this verse follows. The word ‘dhama’ means ‘the Lord’s internal potency’, and the Lord’s purity is described by the two adjectives ‘dhvasta-rajas-tamaskam’ (free from passion and ignorance) and ‘tapomayam’ (consisting of transcendental knowledge attained by performing austerities). ‘Tapah’ here means ‘transcendental knowledge attained by performing austerities.’ This is described in the Sruti-sastra: “By performing austerities the sage attained transcendental knowledge.” The meaning is that knowledge attained by performing austerities is free from even the slightest touch of matter. It is spiritual knowledge. It is different from the material mode of goodness. Therefore this verse explains: ‘O Lord, material goodness and the other material modes do not exist within You. You do not accept them.” 36 The following statement (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.2.34-35) of the demigods headed by Brahma is an accurate description of the Lord’s transcendental position: “O Lord, during the time of maintenance You manifest several incarnations, all with transcendental bodies, beyond the material modes of nature. When You appear in this way, You bestow all good fortune upon the living entities by teaching them to perform Vedic activities such as ritualistic ceremonies, mystic yoga, austerities, penances, and ultimately samadhi, ecstatic absorption in thoughts of You. Thus You are worshipped by the Vedic principles.* 37 “O Lord, cause of all causes, if Your transcendental body were not beyond the modes of material nature, one could not understand the difference between matter and transcendence. Only by Your presence can one understand the transcendental nature of Your Lordship, who are the controller of material nature. Your transcendental nature is very difficult to understand unless one is influenced by the presence of Your transcendental form.”* 38 An explanation of these verses follows. In these words the Lord’s form is described as not different from the mode of goodness. How is this mode of goodness described? It is pure goodness (sattvam visuddham). It is described as pure because it is completely free from the slightest touch or mixture of the material modes of passion or ignorance. It is the Lord’s internal potency. It is supremely pure because it is not touched by even the smallest particle of matter. 39 Why does the Supreme Personality of Godhead come (srayate) to this world? So the embodied souls (saririnam) may learn to fix their thoughts on His lotus feet and, most important, so the devotees may taste the happiness of devotional service. This is described by Srimati Kunti-devi in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 1.8.20): “O Lord, You Yourself descend to propagate the transcendental science of devotional service unto the hearts of the advanced transcendentalists and mental speculators, who are purified by being able to discriminate between matter and spirit.”* 40 What is the nature of the Lord’s form? The answer is ‘sreya-upayanam’, which means ‘it fulfils all the goals of life’. This means it is full of eternal, limitless, spiritual bliss. This means: ‘O Lord, any idea that You and Your form are different is only a playful figure of speech. That idea is not true.’ For this reason the people worship Your transcendental form (tavarhanam). How do they worship You? The answer is given in the words ‘veda-kriya-yoga-tapah-samadhibhih’ (by the Vedic principles, ritualistic ceremonies, mystic yoga, austerities, penances, and ultimately samadhi, ecstatic absorption in thoughts of You). 41 The next verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.2.35, quoted in text 37) means: ‘O Lord, cause of all causes (dhatah), if (cet) the knowledge that reveals You, the potency by which You manifest Yourself, were not a manifestation of pure goodness, then how could it, by revealing You, purify (marjanam) the ignorance of thinking You are different from Your form (ajnana-bhida)?” The conclusion, therefore, is that Your form is not at all material. At this point someone may protest: ‘My perception is limited by the mode of material goodness. I cannot perceive higher than that. How, then, will I be able to perceive You.?” The answer is given in the words ‘guna-prakasair anumiyate bhavann’, which mean ‘O Lord, through the material modes of nature You may only be understood theoretically. With their help You cannot be seen directly.” That is the meaning. 42 Or the phrase ‘vijnanam ajnanbhidapamarjanam guna-prakasair anumiyate bhavan’ may mean ‘If the ignorance of You is not removed, if there is only the help of the material modes, You can be understood only theoretically.’ This means that only when His personal potency of pure goodness is manifest can the Lord be seen directly. The demigods then proceed to describe two ways in which the Lord may be known theoretically. They say: ‘prakasate yasya ca yena va gunah’ (You can be understood by the qualities manifest from You or by the qualities manifest by You). Because You do have an eternal relationship with the external material modes beginning with the mode of material goodness, Your nature can be inferred from the material modes themselves as the sun’s rising can be inferred from the red light of dawn and fire can be inferred from the presence of smoke. In both (ways where You are inferred from the material modes) You are not manifest directly. In this way it is proved that You directly appear only through the potency of the non material mode of pure goodness. They who understand that the spiritual mode of pure goodness is free of any trace of the material modes of passion and ignorance, and who know that the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is a manifestation of pure goodness, become free from any touch of the mode of passion because they are by nature peaceful, they are always neutral, they are unagitated, they are situated in knowledge of the truth, and they do not speculate on the nature of the Lord, guessing it to be other than it is. 43 In the mode of goodness what is otherwise unknown is seen, in the mode of passion a great variety is seen, and in the mode of ignorance that variety disappears. In the mode of goodness one becomes neutral to the comings and goings of matter, in the mode of passion one tries to help others, and in the mode of ignorance one tries to harm others. In this way there is material creation, maintenance, and annihilation, and there is also indifference to all material happenings. If the slightest trace of passion were present, the word ‘pure’ in ‘pure goodness’ would become meaningless. In the state of pure goodness what is the use of stirring up the cauldron of passions? 44 If visuddha-sattva (pure goodness) is present, then sandhini-sakti’s partial expansion, adhara-sakti (maintenance), samvit-sakti’s partial expansion, atma-vidya (spiritual knowledge), and hladini-sakti’s potency, guhya-vidya (confidential knowledge) are also present. Pure goodness is the combined form of these three potencies. By adhara-sakti the abode of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is manifested. This is described in Srimad Bhagavatam (12.8.46): “The great devotees know that the transcendental abode of the Lord is manifested from pure goodness.” Atma-vidya (spiritual knowledge) consists of two parts: knowledge, and the actions that lead on to knowledge, and it eventually leads to the knowledge of service to the Lord. Guhya-vidya (confidential knowledge) consists of two parts: devotional service and the actions that lead one to devotional service, and it eventually leads to love for the Supreme Personality of Godhead. 45 This is clearly described in the prayers to goddess Laksmi in the Sri Visnu Purana (1.9.118): “O beautiful goddess, with your potencies of yajna-vidya, maha-vidha, guhya-vidya, and atma-vidya, you give various kinds of fruitive results and various kinds of liberation.” 46 In this verse ‘yajna-vidya’ means ‘fruitive actions’, ‘maha-vidya’ means ‘astanga-yoga’, ‘guhya-vidya’ means ‘devotional service’, and ‘atma-vidya’ means ‘speculative knowledge’. The verse means: ‘Because you are the shelter of all these, you give various kinds of liberation and various kinds of fruitive results.’ That is the meaning. 47 In the mode of pure goodness (visuddha-sattva) the Vasudeva form of the Lord is manifest. Lord Siva describes this in the Fourth canto, Chapter three (Srimad Bhagavatam 4.3.23): “I am always engaged in meditating on Lord Vasudeva in pure Krsna consciousness. Krsna consciousness is always pure consciousness (visuddha-sattva), in which the Supreme Personality of Godhead, known as Vasudeva, is revealed without any covering.”* 48 An explanation of this verse follows. The word ‘visuddha’ here means ‘because it is the Lord’s internal potency it is free from even the slightest touch of matter’, and that is why the adjective ‘suddha’ (pure) is used here. This visuddha-sattva is here called ‘vasudeva-sattva’. Why is it called ‘vasudeva-sattva?’ Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead (puman) Lord Vasudeva is manifest (iyate) because of it (yat). 49 Firstly the word ‘sattva’ is used here because this potency manifests the Supreme Truth and is thus like the ‘sattva’ (goodness) that enables the unseen to be seen in this world. Secondly, the word ‘vasudeva’ is used because this potency enables one to understand the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord Vasudeva. These two words are then put together into ‘vasudeva-sattva’, which is the same as ‘visuddha-sattva’ (pure goodness). The word ‘vasu’ means either ‘that which gives a home to the Supreme Personality of Godhead’ or ‘the home in which the Supreme Personality of Godhead resides.’ ‘Deva’ means either ‘He who enjoys transcendental pastimes’ or ‘He who shines with great splendour.’ These two words are then combined in the word ‘vasudeva’. Another meaning of ‘vasu’ is ‘wealth’. The Lord Himself says (Srimad Bhagavatam 911.19.39): “The principles of religion are the real wealth desired by men.” Therefore because the Supreme Personality of Godhead either possesses or causes other to possess the wealth (vasu) that is religion, He is known as ‘vasudeva’. In this way ‘vasudeva-sattva’ is the same as ‘visuddha-sattva’ (pure goodness). 50 The knowledge by which one understands the effulgent form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is described by the Lord Himself in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 11.11.25-24): “Absolute knowledge is in the mode of goodness, knowledge based on duality is in the mode of passion, and foolish, materialistic knowledge is in the mode of ignorance. Knowledge based upon me, however, is understood to be transcendental.”*** 51 In this verse and in many other places in the scriptures, knowledge of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is said to be beyond the touch of the modes of material nature. In this way the word ‘visuddha’ (pure) should be understood. This is the nature of the internal potency by which the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears according to His own wish. ‘Sattva’ in this compound word may be understood to be either in the locative case (where Lord Vasudeva is manifest) or the instrumental case (by which Lord Vasudeva is manifest). 52 Srimad Bhagavatam 4.3.23 (quoted in text 47) clearly describes the Lord’s internal potency. The word ‘apavrtah’ there means ‘is revealed without any covering’. If material goodness is manifest it is only a reflection of pure goodness. It is like the reflection of a face in a mirror. The reflection is the ‘covered’ aspect of the original face. That is the meaning here. Srimad Bhagavatam explains: ‘With all my (me) heart (manasa) I meditate (vidhiyate) on the Supreme Personality of Godhead (bhagavan), who is eternally manifested in the (tasmin) mode of pure goodness (sattve).’ The conclusion is that when the heart is situated in pure goodness it is able to meditate on the Supreme Personality of Godhead. 53 At this point someone may protest: “If the Supreme Personality of Godhead can thus be meditated on with the mind, what is the need of the mode of pure goodness?” Srimad Bhagavatam answers with the words ‘hy adhoksajah’. “Hy’ means ‘because’ and ‘adhiksajah’ means ‘He is beyond the reach of the senses.’ This means the Lord cannot be understood by the material senses. In other readings the word ‘manasa’ (by the mind) is replaced by ‘namasa’ )with respectful obeisances) and ‘hi’ (because) is replaced by the preposition ‘anu’. The sentence then becomes: ‘I offer respectful obeisances and serve Lord Vasudeva, who is manifest by His manifesting potency of pure goodness.’ The Supreme Personality of Godhead is not manifest in any way other than through this potency. That is the meaning. Whether the Lord appears before us or remains invisible, we serve Him by bowing down to offer our respects. That is the meaning of this passage. 54 The potency of pure goodness, which manifests the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, appears as ‘murti’ and ‘vasudeva’. The ‘vasudeva’ portion is Maharaja Vasudeva and the ‘murti’ portion is his religious wife. The potencies led by Sraddha and Pusti are her sisters. 55 Srimad Bhagavatam (1.3.9) explains: “In the fourth incarnation, the Lord became Nara and Narayana, the twin sons of the wife of King Dharma.”* The word ‘kala’ here means ‘potency’. Because it is seen that the Lord’s incarnations named Nara-Narayana appeared there, this potency should be understood to be the potency of pure goodness, known as suddha-sattva or vasudeva-sattva. It is here named ‘murti’. 56 After a description of Sraddha and many others, Murti is mentioned in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 4.1.51): “Murti, a reservoir of all respectable qualities, gave birth to Sri Nara-Narayana, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”* 57 The verse says: ‘Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is a reservoir (utpatti) of all (sarva) respectable qualities (guna), appeared within her, she gave birth to Them both.’ Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose form (murti) is eternal and full of knowledge and bliss, appeared within her, she is named Murti. In the same way Maharaja Vasudeva is so named because the Lord appears in the potency of vasudeva-sattva (pure goodness). 58 Maharaja Vasudeva is also described in the Ninth Canto (Srimad Bhagavatam 9.24.30): “When Vasudeva was born, the demigods from the heavenly kingdom sounded kettledrums (anakadundubhi). Therefore Vasudeva, who provided the proper place for the appearance of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, was also known as Anakadundubhi.”* 59 If Maharaja Vasudeva were not the place where the Supreme Personality of Godhead appeared (hareh sthanam), then his name ‘Vasudeva’ would have no meaning. In this way it should be understood that the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears by the employment of His potency of pure goodness, which contains within it the potencies beginning with hladini and the potencies beginning with Sri. These potencies may be divided in three parts: 1. The potency of the opulence of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, 2. The potency that out of kindness gives opulence to others, and 3. The partial expansion of the Lord’s opulence. These potencies also may be divided into two parts: 1. The potency by which the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears as the formless Brahman, and 2. The potency by which He displays His many transcendental forms. This is the explanation. The verse quoted at the beginning of this anuccheda was spoken by Srila Sukadeva Gosvami.

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §118 · English §104

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[११८] लथैवं भूतानन्त-वृत्तिका या स्वरूप-शक्तिः सा त्व् इह भगवद्- धामांश-वर्तिनी मूर्तिमती लक्ष्मीर् एवेत्य् आह - अनपायिनी भगवती श्रीः साक्षाद् आत्मनो हरेः ॥ इति ॥ [भ्प् १२.११.२०] टीका च - अनपायिनी हरेः शक्तिः तत्र हेतुः साक्षाद् आत्मनः स्व-स्वरूपस्य चिद्-रूपत्वात् तस्यास् तद्-अभेदाद् इत्य् अर्थः । इत्य् एषा । अत्र साक्षाच्-छब्देन विलज्जमानया यस्य स्थातुम् ईक्षा-पथेऽमुया इत्य् [भ्प् २.५.१३] आद्य् उक्ता माया नेति ध्वनितम् । तत्रानपायित्वं यथा । श्री-हायशीर्ष-पञ्चरात्रे - परमात्मा हरि देवस् तच्-छक्तिः श्रीर् इहोदिता । श्रीर् देवी प्रकृतिः प्रोक्ता केशवः पुरुषः स्मृतः । न विष्णुना विना देवी न हरिः पद्मजां विना ॥ इति । श्री-विष्णु-पुराणे -- नित्यैव सा जगन्-माता विष्णोः श्रीर् अनपायिनी । यथा सर्व-गतो विष्णुस् तथैवेयं द्विजोत्तम ॥ इति । [विप् १.८.१७]क्[*एन्द्नोते #६०] तत्रान्यत्र - एवं यथा जगत्-स्वामी देव-देवो जनार्दनः । अवतारं करोत्य् एषा तथा श्रीस् तत्-सहायिनी ॥ [विप् १.९.१४२] इति । चिद्रूपत्वम् अपि स्कान्दे - अपरं त्व् अक्षरं या सा प्रकृतिर् जड-रूपिका । श्रीः परा प्रकृतिः प्रोक्ता चेतना विष्णु-संश्रया ॥ ताम् अक्षरं परं प्राहुः परतः परम् अक्षरम् । हरिर् एवाखिल-गुण अक्षर-त्रयम् ईरितम् ॥ इति । अत एव श्री-विष्णु-पुराणे एव - कला-काष्ठा-निमेषादि[*एन्द्नोते #६१]- काल-सूत्रस्य गोचरे । यस्य शक्तिर् न शुद्धस्य प्रसीदतु स मे हरिः ॥ प्रोच्यते परमेशो यो यः शुद्धोऽप्य् उपचारतः । प्रसीदतु स नो विष्णुर् आत्मा यः सर्व-देहिनाम् ॥ इति [विप् १.९.४५-४६] अत्र स्वामिभिर् एव व्याख्यातं च । कला-काष्ठा-निमेषादि-काल एव सूत्रवत् सूत्रं जगच्-चेष्टा नियामकत्वात् तस्य गोचरे विषये यस्य शक्तिर् लक्ष्मीर् न वर्तते । स्वरूपाभिन्नत्वान् नित्यैव सा कालाधीना न भवतीत्य् अर्थः ॥ अतएव तस्याः स्वरूपाभेदाच् छुद्धस्येत्य् उक्तम् ॥ ननु यदि लक्ष्मीस् तत्-स्वरूपाभिन्ना कथं तर्हि लक्ष्म्याः पतिर् इत्य् उच्यते तत्राह प्रोच्यते इति परा चासौ मा च लक्ष्मीस् तस्या ईशो यः शुद्धः केवलोऽपि उपचारतो भेद-विवशया प्रोच्यते । द्वितीयो यच्-छब्दः प्रसिद्धाव् इति एवम् एवाभिप्रेत्य प्रार्थितं श्री-ब्रह्मणा तृतीये । एष प्रपन्न वरदे रमयात्म-शक्त्या यद् यत् करिष्यति गृहीत-गुणावतारः । तस्मिन् स्व-विक्रमम् इदं सृजतोऽपि चेतो युञ्जीत कर्म शमलं च यथा विजह्याम् ॥ इति [भ्प् ३.९.२३] । अतो यत् तु - साक्षाच् छ्रीः प्रेषिता देवैर् दृष्ट्वा तं महद् अद्भुतम् । अदृष्टाश्रुत-पूर्वत्वात् सा नोपेयाय शङ्किता ॥ इति [भ्प् ७.९.२] श्री-नृसिंह-प्रादुर्भूताव् उक्तम् । ॥ १२.११ ॥ श्री-सूतः ॥ ११८ ॥

[118] lathaivaṃ bhūtānanta-vṛttikā yā svarūpa-śaktiḥ sā tv iha bhagavad- dhāmāṃśa-vartinī mūrtimatī lakṣmīr evety āha - anapāyinī bhagavatī śrīḥ sākṣād ātmano hareḥ || iti || [BhP 12.11.20] ṭīkā ca - anapāyinī hareḥ śaktiḥ tatra hetuḥ sākṣād ātmanaḥ sva-svarūpasya cid-rūpatvāt tasyās tad-abhedād ity arthaḥ | ity eṣā | atra sākṣāc-chabdena vilajjamānayā yasya sthātum īkṣā-pathe'muyā ity [BhP 2.5.13] ādy uktā māyā neti dhvanitam | tatrānapāyitvaṃ yathā | śrī-hāyaśīrṣa-pañcarātre - paramātmā hari devas tac-chaktiḥ śrīr ihoditā | śrīr devī prakṛtiḥ proktā keśavaḥ puruṣaḥ smṛtaḥ | na viṣṇunā vinā devī na hariḥ padmajāṃ vinā || iti | śrī-viṣṇu-purāṇe -- nityaiva sā jagan-mātā viṣṇoḥ śrīr anapāyinī | yathā sarva-gato viṣṇus tathaiveyaṃ dvijottama || iti | [ViP 1.8.17]k[*ENDNOTE #60] tatrānyatra - evaṃ yathā jagat-svāmī deva-devo janārdanaḥ | avatāraṃ karoty eṣā tathā śrīs tat-sahāyinī || [ViP 1.9.142] iti | cidrūpatvam api skānde - aparaṃ tv akṣaraṃ yā sā prakṛtir jaḍa-rūpikā | śrīḥ parā prakṛtiḥ proktā cetanā viṣṇu-saṃśrayā || tām akṣaraṃ paraṃ prāhuḥ parataḥ param akṣaram | harir evākhila-guṇa akṣara-trayam īritam || iti | ata eva śrī-viṣṇu-purāṇe eva - kalā-kāṣṭhā-nimeṣādi[*ENDNOTE #61]- kāla-sūtrasya gocare | yasya śaktir na śuddhasya prasīdatu sa me hariḥ || procyate parameśo yo yaḥ śuddho'py upacārataḥ | prasīdatu sa no viṣṇur ātmā yaḥ sarva-dehinām || iti [ViP 1.9.45-46] atra svāmibhir eva vyākhyātaṃ ca | kalā-kāṣṭhā-nimeṣādi-kāla eva sūtravat sūtraṃ jagac-ceṣṭā niyāmakatvāt tasya gocare viṣaye yasya śaktir lakṣmīr na vartate | svarūpābhinnatvān nityaiva sā kālādhīnā na bhavatīty arthaḥ || ataeva tasyāḥ svarūpābhedāc chuddhasyety uktam || nanu yadi lakṣmīs tat-svarūpābhinnā kathaṃ tarhi lakṣmyāḥ patir ity ucyate tatrāha procyate iti parā cāsau mā ca lakṣmīs tasyā īśo yaḥ śuddhaḥ kevalo'pi upacārato bheda-vivaśayā procyate | dvitīyo yac-chabdaḥ prasiddhāv iti evam evābhipretya prārthitaṃ śrī-brahmaṇā tṛtīye | eṣa prapanna varade ramayātma-śaktyā yad yat kariṣyati gṛhīta-guṇāvatāraḥ | tasmin sva-vikramam idaṃ sṛjato'pi ceto yuñjīta karma śamalaṃ ca yathā vijahyām || iti [BhP 3.9.23] | ato yat tu - sākṣāc chrīḥ preṣitā devair dṛṣṭvā taṃ mahad adbhutam | adṛṣṭāśruta-pūrvatvāt sā nopeyāya śaṅkitā || iti [BhP 7.9.2] śrī-nṛsiṃha-prādurbhūtāv uktam | || 12.11 || śrī-sūtaḥ || 118 ||

English translation

English witness · section(s) 104

Anuccheda 104

1 Goddess Laksmi is the Lord’s limitless internal potency. Her form is a partial expansion of the Lord’s form. This is described in these words (Srimad Bhagavatam 12.11.20): “Goddess Laksmi is the constant companion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. She is a direct expansion of Lord Hari.” 2 Srila Sridhara Svami comments: “The constant companion here is the Lord’s own potency. The reason for this is given in the words: ‘saksad atmanah’ (directly manifested from Lord Hari). Because the Lord’s form is perfectly spiritual and because she is not different from His form, she is His internal potency. 3 The word ‘saksat’ (directly) here confirms that goddess Laksmi is not the same as the illusory potency maya. This is confirmed by the following description of the illusory potency (Srimad Bhagavatam 2.5.13): “The illusory energy of the Lord is ashamed to be seen by the Lord.” 4 That Goddess Laksmi is the Lord’s constant companion is described in the hayasirsa-pancaratra: “Lord Hari is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Goddess Laksmi is His potency. Goddess Laksmi is female. Lord Kesava is male. Goddess Laksmi is never away from Lord Visnu. Lord Hari is never away from Goddess Laksmi.” 5 This is also described in Visnu Purana (1.8.15): “Goddess Laksmi, the mother of the universe, is the constant companion of Lord Visnu. O best of brahmanas, as Lord Visnu is all pervading, so is she.” 6 The Visnu Purana (1.9.40) also explains: “As Lord Janardana (Krsna), who is the master of the universe and the ruler of the demigods appears in different incarnations, so does His companion Goddess Laksmi.” 7 That Laksmi-devi’s form is spiritual is described in the Skanda Purana: “Material nature is eternal. Laksmi-devi, the spiritual potency, which takes shelter of Lord Visnu, is also eternal. Lord Hari, who possesses all virtues, is also eternal. The wise say these three are eternal.” 8 The Visnu Purana (1.9.44-45) also explains: “May supremely pure Lord Hari, whose spiritual potency cannot be bound by the string of time knotted with seconds, minutes and hours, be pleased with me. “May Lord Visnu, who is said to be the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is the Supersoul present in all embodied beings, and who is served by Laksmi-devi, be pleased with us.” 9 Srila Sridhara Svami comments: “Because time controls only the material realm and because the Lord’s eternal potency Laksmi-devi is not different from the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Laksmi-devi is not under the control of time, which is like a string made of seconds, minutes, and hours. That is the meaning here. This is so because she is not different from the form of the supremely pure Personality of Godhead. “At this point someone may protest: If Laksmi-devi is not different from Lord Visnu, then why is He said to be her husband? “The answer is given in the word ‘paramesah’. ‘Para’ means ‘supreme’, ‘ma’ means ‘mother’, and ‘isah’ means ‘husband’. Therefore ‘paramesah’ (para+ma+isah) means ‘the husband of the supreme mother, Laksmi-devi’. The words ‘suddho py upacaratah’ (served by Laksmi-devi) are spoken with the intention to explain that although Laksmi-devi is, in some ways, not different from Lord Visnu, she is also, in other ways, different from Him. The first two lines of this stanza are two separate clauses. That is why the relative pronoun ‘yah’ (who) is used twice.’ 10 That Laksmi-devi is both different from and not different from the Lord may be inferred from these words, where the demigod Brahma prays (Srimad Bhagavatam 3.9.23): “The Supreme Lord, the Personality of Godhead, is always the benefactor of the surrendered souls. His activities are always enacted through His internal potency, Rama, or the goddess of fortune. I pray only to engage in His service in the creation of the material world, and I pray that I not be materially affected by my works, for thus I may be able to give up the false prestige of being the creator.”* 11 It is also said (Srimad Bhagavatam 7.9.2): “The goddess of fortune, Laksmiji, was requested to go before the Lord by all the demigods present, who because of fear could not do so. But even she had never seen such a wonderful and extraordinary form of the Lord, and thus she could not approach Him.”* 12 Here Laksmi-devi was frightened because the form of Lord Nrsimadeva had never been seen or heard of before. In this way Srimad Bhagavatam 12.11.20 (quoted in text 1) has been explained. The verse quoted in the beginning of this anuccheda was spoken by Srila Suta Gosvami.

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §119 · English §105

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[११९] तद् एवं सच्चिदानन्दैक-रूपः स्वरूप-भूताचिन्त्य-विचित्रानन्त-शक्ति-युक्तो धर्मत्व एव धर्मित्वं निर्भेदत्व एव नाना भेदवत्त्वम् अपरुपित्व एव रूपित्वं, व्यापकत्व एव मध्यमत्वं, सत्यम् एवेत्य् आदि-परस्पर- विरुद्धानन्त-गुण-निधिः । स्थूल-सूक्ष्म-विलक्षण-स्व-प्रकाशाखण्ड- स्व-स्वरूप-भूत-श्री-विग्रहस् तथाभूत-भगवद्-आख्या-मुख्यैक- विग्रह-व्यञ्जित-तादृशानन्त-विग्रहस् तादृश-स्वानुरूप-स्वरूप- शक्त्याविर्भाव-लक्षण-लक्ष्मी-रञ्जित-वामावशः स्व-प्रभा-विशेषाकार- परिच्छेद-परिकर-निज-धामसु विराजमानाकारः स्वरूप-शक्ति-विलास- लक्षणाद्भुत-गुण-लीलादि-चमत्कारितात्मारामादि-गुणो जिज-सामान्य- प्रकाशाकार-ब्रह्म-तत्त्वो निजाश्रयैक-जीवन-जीवाख्य-तटस्थ-शक्तिर् अनन्त-प्रपञ्च-व्यञ्जित-स्वाभास-शक्ति-गुणो भगवान् इति विद्वद्- उपलब्धार्थ-शब्दैर् व्यञ्जितम् । तत्र तत्-स्वभावं वस्त्व्-अन्तरम् अपश्यताम् अविदुषाम् असम्भावना न युक्तेति विविदिषून् श्रद्दापयितुं प्रक्रियते तत्रैकेन तस्याविदुषां ज्ञान-गोचरत्वं, किन्तु वेदैक-वेद्यत्वम् एवेत्य् आहुः - क इह नु वेद बतावर-जन्मालयोऽग्रसरं यत उदगाद् ऋषिर् यम् अनु देव-गणो उभये । तर्हि न सन्न् अचासद् उभयं न च काल-जवः किम् अपि न तत्र शास्त्रम् अवकृष्य शयीत यदा ॥ [भ्प् १०.८७.२४] बत अहो भगवन् इह जगति अग्रसरं पूर्व-सिद्धं त्वां अवर-जन्मालयः अर्वाचीनोत्पत्ति-नाशवान् कोऽपि पुमान् वेद जानाति । ईश्वरस्य पूर्व-सिद्धाव् अन्यस्य चार्वाचीनत्वे कारणं वदन्त्यो ज्ञान-कारणाभावम् आहुः । यत उदगाद् इति यतस् त्वत्त एव ऋषिर् ब्रह्मा उत्पन्नः । अतोऽर्वाचीनाः सर्वे । यदा तु भवान् शास्त्रं स्व-विज्ञापकं वेदम् अवकृष्य वैकुण्ठ एवाकृष्य शयीत जगत्-कार्यं प्रति दृष्टिं निमीलयति तर्हि तदा अनुशायिनं जीवानां ज्ञान-साधनं नास्ति । यतस् तदा न सत् स्थूलम् आकाशादि न चासत् सूक्ष्मं महद्-आदि न चोभयं सदसद्भ्याम् आरब्धं शरीरम् । न च काल-जवः तन्-निमित्तीभूतं काल-वैषम्यं एवं सति तत्र तदा किम् अपि इन्दिर्य- प्राणाद्य् अपि न । अयम् अर्थः । यदा सृष्टि-गतत्वात् देहाद्य्-उपाधि- कृतान्तरत्वात् । काल-कर्म-वशेन मलिन-सत्त्वात् तेषाम् तद्-अवधारणे सामर्थ्यं नास्ति । यदा तु प्रलये समये न बह्व्-अन्तरम् अपि तदापि तेषां वेदानर्धान-महा-तमोमय-सुषुप्तिभ्यां साधनाभावान् न तवानुभव-सामर्थय्म् इति । तथा श्रुतयः - न तं विदाथ य इमा जजानान्यद् युष्माकम् अन्तरं बभूव [?] । यतो वाचो निवर्तन्ते अप्राप्य मनसा सह [तैत्तु २.४.१] । को अद्धा वेद क इह प्रावोचत् । कुत आयाता कुत इयं विसृष्टिः [?] अर्वाग्-देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथ को वेद यत आवभूव [?] । अनेजद् एकं मनसो जवीयो नेदं देवा आप्नुवन् पूर्वम् अर्शद् । तद्-धावतोऽन्यान् अत्येति तिष्ठत् तस्मिन्न् अपो मातरिश्वा दधाति ॥ [ईशोपनिषद्, ४] न चक्षुर् न श्रोत्रं न तर्को न स्मृतिर् वेदो ह्य् एवैनं वेदयति इत्य् आद्याः । ॥१०.८७॥ श्रुतयः श्री-भगवन्तम् ॥११९॥

[119] tad evaṃ saccidānandaika-rūpaḥ svarūpa-bhūtācintya-vicitrānanta-śakti-yukto dharmatva eva dharmitvaṃ nirbhedatva eva nānā bhedavattvam aparupitva eva rūpitvaṃ, vyāpakatva eva madhyamatvaṃ, satyam evety ādi-paraspara- viruddhānanta-guṇa-nidhiḥ | sthūla-sūkṣma-vilakṣaṇa-sva-prakāśākhaṇḍa- sva-svarūpa-bhūta-śrī-vigrahas tathābhūta-bhagavad-ākhyā-mukhyaika- vigraha-vyañjita-tādṛśānanta-vigrahas tādṛśa-svānurūpa-svarūpa- śaktyāvirbhāva-lakṣaṇa-lakṣmī-rañjita-vāmāvaśaḥ sva-prabhā-viśeṣākāra- pariccheda-parikara-nija-dhāmasu virājamānākāraḥ svarūpa-śakti-vilāsa- lakṣaṇādbhuta-guṇa-līlādi-camatkāritātmārāmādi-guṇo jija-sāmānya- prakāśākāra-brahma-tattvo nijāśrayaika-jīvana-jīvākhya-taṭastha-śaktir ananta-prapañca-vyañjita-svābhāsa-śakti-guṇo bhagavān iti vidvad- upalabdhārtha-śabdair vyañjitam | tatra tat-svabhāvaṃ vastv-antaram apaśyatām aviduṣām asambhāvanā na yukteti vividiṣūn śraddāpayituṃ prakriyate tatraikena tasyāviduṣāṃ jñāna-gocaratvaṃ, kintu vedaika-vedyatvam evety āhuḥ - ka iha nu veda batāvara-janmālayo'grasaraṃ yata udagād ṛṣir yam anu deva-gaṇo ubhaye | tarhi na sann acāsad ubhayaṃ na ca kāla-javaḥ kim api na tatra śāstram avakṛṣya śayīta yadā || [BhP 10.87.24] bata aho bhagavan iha jagati agrasaraṃ pūrva-siddhaṃ tvāṃ avara-janmālayaḥ arvācīnotpatti-nāśavān ko'pi pumān veda jānāti | īśvarasya pūrva-siddhāv anyasya cārvācīnatve kāraṇaṃ vadantyo jñāna-kāraṇābhāvam āhuḥ | yata udagād iti yatas tvatta eva ṛṣir brahmā utpannaḥ | ato'rvācīnāḥ sarve | yadā tu bhavān śāstraṃ sva-vijñāpakaṃ vedam avakṛṣya vaikuṇṭha evākṛṣya śayīta jagat-kāryaṃ prati dṛṣṭiṃ nimīlayati tarhi tadā anuśāyinaṃ jīvānāṃ jñāna-sādhanaṃ nāsti | yatas tadā na sat sthūlam ākāśādi na cāsat sūkṣmaṃ mahad-ādi na cobhayaṃ sadasadbhyām ārabdhaṃ śarīram | na ca kāla-javaḥ tan-nimittībhūtaṃ kāla-vaiṣamyaṃ evaṃ sati tatra tadā kim api indirya- prāṇādy api na | ayam arthaḥ | yadā sṛṣṭi-gatatvāt dehādy-upādhi- kṛtāntaratvāt | kāla-karma-vaśena malina-sattvāt teṣām tad-avadhāraṇe sāmarthyaṃ nāsti | yadā tu pralaye samaye na bahv-antaram api tadāpi teṣāṃ vedānardhāna-mahā-tamomaya-suṣuptibhyāṃ sādhanābhāvān na tavānubhava-sāmarthaym iti | tathā śrutayaḥ - na taṃ vidātha ya imā jajānānyad yuṣmākam antaraṃ babhūva [?] | yato vāco nivartante aprāpya manasā saha [TaittU 2.4.1] | ko addhā veda ka iha prāvocat | kuta āyātā kuta iyaṃ visṛṣṭiḥ [?] arvāg-devā asya visarjanenātha ko veda yata āvabhūva [?] | anejad ekaṃ manaso javīyo nedaṃ devā āpnuvan pūrvam arśad | tad-dhāvato'nyān atyeti tiṣṭhat tasminn apo mātariśvā dadhāti || [Īśopaniṣad, 4] na cakṣur na śrotraṃ na tarko na smṛtir vedo hy evainaṃ vedayati ity ādyāḥ | ||10.87|| śrutayaḥ śrī-bhagavantam ||119||

English translation

English witness · section(s) 105

Anuccheda 105

1 He whose form is eternal and full of knowledge and bliss, who possesses inconceivable, wonderful, unlimited potencies, who is religion and the most religious person, who is not different from anything and who is different from everything in many ways, who has no form and who has form, who is all-pervading and localised, who is an ocean of limitless mutually contradictory qualities, who by His own wish alone manifests His transcendental form which is completely different from the gross and subtle elements of the material world, whose left side is decorated by the present of His personal potency Laksmi-devi whose transcendental form is like His, whose transcendental form is splendidly manifested among His splendid associates in His transcendental abodes, whose potencies, wonderful playful qualities, pastimes, and features fill the great devotees with wonder, who is identical with the impersonal Brahman, who is the shelter and sustenance of the marginal potency that is the individual spirit souls, and whose abhasa-sakti manifests limitless material universes, is known as Bhagavan (the Supreme Personality of Godhead) by the wise. 2 The Supreme Personality of Godhead is different from matter. The materialists cannot see, understand, or imagine Him. He acts to create faith in the wise, who can understand Him. That he cannot be understood by the foolish, and that He can only be known through the revelation of the Vedas, is described in the following words, where the Personified Vedas says (Srimad Bhagavatam 10.87.24): 3 “Who, recently born and soon to die in this world, can know the Lord, who existed before all and who fathered the great sage Brahma and all the demigods great and small? When the Lord lies down and withdraws everything within Himself, there is no gross or subtle matter, material bodies made of the two, time or scripture.” 4 In this verse ‘bata’ means ‘O Lord’, ‘iha’ means ‘in this material world’, ‘agrasaram’ means ‘You, who were perfect in the beginning’, ‘avara-janma-layah’ means ‘who were recently born and are about to die’, and ‘Veda’ means ‘knows’. The verse says: “Which of these persons can know You?” The Personified Vedas say the Supreme Personality of Godhead was perfect in the beginning, and the others, who are all recently born, are not able to understand Him. The words ‘yata udagad rsih’ means ‘from You Brahma was born’. ‘Yam anu ubhaye’ means ‘After Brahma was born the demigods and other individual living entities were born.’ All these living entities are recently born. The Personified Vedas says: “When You take back (avakrsya) to the spiritual world the Vedas (sastran), which teach about You, when You also lie down (sayita), closing Your eyes to the activities of the material universe, then for the individual spirit souls who lie down with you there is no longer any way to understand You. At that time there are no gross material elements (sat) beginning with ether, no subtle material elements (asat) beginning with mahat-tattva, no material bodies made of gross and subtle material elements (ubhayam), and no force of time (kala-jvarah). In this way there are also no senses, no living force, and no other instruments of material life.” At the time of creation the Vedas reveal the truth of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but the living entities, because they are recently born, born after the moment of creation, because they are bewildered by the presence of material bodies and various material designations, and because they are polluted by the power of time, cannot understand that revelation of the Supreme. The Vedas say: “At the time of cosmic devastation everything enters within You. At that time, because the Vedas have then disappeared, and because they are overcome with the sleep of ignorance, the living entities also cannot understand You.” This is described in the Sruti-sastra in these words: 5 “O Lord, when the living entities enter within You at the time of cosmic devastation they cannot understand anything about You.” Sruti-sastra “Words turn from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, for they cannot describe Him. With the material mind one can never attain Him.” Taittiriya Upanisad 2.4 “Who understands the Supreme? In this world who can describe Him?” Sruti-sastra “From what has everything come? Who has created this world? The demigods were recently born. Who knows from whence they have come?” Sruti-sastra 6 “Although fixed in His abode, the Personality of godhead is swifter than the mind and can overcome all others running. The powerful demigods cannot approach Him. Although in one place, He controls those who supply the air and rain. He surpasses all in excellence.”* Isa Upanisad 8 “Neither the eyes, nor the ears, nor logic, nor memory, but only the Vedas can teach us about the Supreme Personality of Godhead.” Sruti-sastra

Bhagavat · Sanskrit §120–121 · English §106

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[१२०] अथ तत्-पूर्वकं विदुषां भक्त्यैव साक्षाद् अनुभवतीयत्वम् आह त्रिभिः - न पश्यति त्वां परमात्मनोऽजनो न बुध्यतेऽद्यापि समाधि-युक्तिभिः । कुतोऽपरे तस्य मनः शरीर-धीर् विसर्ग-सृष्टा वयम् अप्रकाशाः ॥ [भ्प् ९.८.२१] अपरे अर्वाचीनास् तु कुतस् त्वां पश्येयुर् बुध्येरन् अर्वाचीनत्वे हेतुः तस्य ब्रह्मणः । मनश् च शरीरं च धीश् च सत्त्व-तमो-रजः-कार्याणि ताभिर् विविधा ये देव-तिर्यङ्-नराणां सर्गास् तेषां सृष्टाः । तत्रापि वयम् अप्रकाशाः अतो कुतः पश्येम इत्य् अर्थः । [१२१] अपरे तर्हि किं पश्यन्ति तत्राह । ये देह-भाजस् त्रिगुण-प्रधाना गुणान् विपश्यत्य् उत वा तमश् च । मन्-मायया मोहित-चेतसस् त्वां विदुः स्व-संस्थं न बहिः प्रकाशाः ॥ [भ्प् ९.८.२२] ये देह-भाहस् ते स्वस्मिन् सम्यक्-स्थितम् अपि त्वां न विदुः । किन्तु गुणान् एव विपश्यन्ति कदाचिच् च केवलं तम एव पश्यन्ति यतस् त्रिगुणा बुद्धिर् एव प्रधानं येषां । बुद्धि-परतन्त्रतया जाग्रत्-स्वप्नयोर् विषयान् पश्यन्ति सुषुप्तौ तु तम एव न तु स्वस्तुतो निर्गुणानां सर्वेषां आत्मारामाणाम् आत्म-भूतं त्वाम् । सर्वत्र हेतुः ! यत् यतः मायया यस्य तव मायया वा मोहितं चेतो येषां ते तथापि त्वं विचारेण ज्ञास्यसीति । यतो नास्मद्- विधानां ज्ञान-गोचरस् त्वं किन्तु भक्तानाम् एवेत्य् आह । तं त्वाम् अहं ज्ञान-घनं स्वभाव- प्रध्वस्त-माया-गुण-भेद-मोहैः । सनन्दनाद्यैर् हृदि संविभाव्यम् कथं विमूढः परिभावयामि ॥[*एन्द्नोते #६२] [भ्प् ९.८.२३] तं नानाश्चर्य-वृत्तिक-पर-शक्ति-निधानं त्वां कथं परिभावयामि । किं स्वरूपं ज्ञान-घनं सत्य-ज्ञानानन्तानन्दैक-रस-मूर्तिं अतएव अनिर्देश्य-वपुर् इति सहस्र-नाम-स्तवे । अयं भावः । ज्ञान-घनत्वान् न तावत् ज्ञान-विषयस् त्वं विचार-विषयत्वेऽपि माया-गुणैर् अभिभूतोऽहं न विचारे समर्थ इति । ननु तर्हि मम तथाविधत्वे किं प्रमाणं तत्राह । स्वेन त्वदीयेन भावेन भक्त्या स्वस्यात्मनो स्वभावेनाविर्भावेनैव वा प्रध्वस्ता माया-गुण-प्रकार-कृत-मोहा येभ्यस् तैः सनन्दनाद्यैर् भगवत्-तत्त्व- विद्भिर् मुनिभिर् विभाव्यं विचार्यं साक्षाद् अनुभवईयं चेत्य् अर्थः । तस्माद् उलूकैः प्रकाश-गुणकत्वेनासम्मतेऽपि रवौ यथान्यैर् उपलभ्यमान-तद्-गुणकत्वम् अस्त्य् एव तथार्वाग्-दृष्टिभिर् असम्भाव्यमानम् अपि त्वयि तद्-गुणकत्वं तद्-भक्त-विद्वत्-प्रत्यक्ष- सिद्धम् अस्त्य् एवेति भावः । तथा च श्रुतिः - पराञ्चि खानि व्यतृणत् स्वयम्भू- स्तस्मात्पराङ्पश्यति नान्तरात्मन् । कश्चिद्धीरः प्रत्यगात्मानमैक्श- दावृत्तचक्शुरमृतत्वमिच्छन् ॥ [कठउ २.१.१] भक्तिर् एवैनं नयति भक्तिर् एवैनं दर्शयति । भक्ति-वशः पुरुषः भक्तिर् एव भूयसी ॥ [माठर-श्रुति] यम् एवैष वृणुते तेन लभ्यः तस्यैष आत्मा विवृणुते तनूं स्वाम् [कठउ १.२.२३] ॥ ९.८ ॥ अंशुमान् श्री-कपिल-देवम् ॥ १२०-१२१ ॥ विवृतौ ब्रह्म-भगवन्तौ ॥ इति श्री-कलि-युग-पावन-स्व-भजन-विभाजन-प्रयोजनावतार-श्री-श्री- भगवत्-कृष्ण-चैतन्य-देव-चरणानुचर-विश्व-वैष्णव-राज-सभाजन- भाजन-श्री-रूप-सनातनानुशासन-भारती-गर्भे श्री-भागवत-सन्दर्भे भगवत्-सन्दर्भो नाम द्वितीयः सन्दर्भः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #१] इत् इस् लुदिच्रोउस् तो चोन्सिदेर् थे मङ्गलाचरण वेर्सेस् अस् सेपरतेल्य् नुम्बेरेद् सेच्तिओन्स्. [*एन्द्नोते #२] फ़्रोम् थिस्, इ wओउल्द् अस्सुमे थत् थिस् इस् नोत् मेअन्त् तो बे अ सेपरते सेच्तिओन्, बुत् रेफ़ेर्स् बच्क् तो थे प्रेविओउस् #८. [*एन्द्नोते #३] थिस् परग्रफ् इस् तकेन् अस् अ सेपरते सेच्तिओन् नुम्बेर् २४ इन् थे यदव्पुर् एदितिओन्, बुत् थिस् दोएस्न्ऽत् सेएम् तो बे नेचेस्सर्य्. [*एन्द्नोते #४] नोत् फ़ोउन्द् इन् महोपनिषद्. [*एन्द्नोते #५] सेए सेच्तिओन् ३०. [*एन्द्नोते #६] थे वेर्से थत् फ़ोल्लोwस् थिस् इन् ल्भाग्: द्वारवत्यां यथा कृष्णः प्रत्यक्षं प्रति मन्दिरम् । चित्रं बतैतद् इत्यादि-प्रमाणेन स सेत्स्यति ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #७] सेए क़ुओते फ़्रोम् कालिका-पुराण इन् सेच्तिओन् २६ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #८] थे मेत्रे ओन् थिस् वेर्से इस् इन्चोर्रेच्त्, मिxएद् जगती अन्द् त्रिष्टुभ्. थे सेचोन्द् लिने अप्पेअर्स् तो बे मिस्सिन्ग् अ स्य्ल्लब्ले. इत् इस् प्रोबब्ल्य् फ़्रोम् पद्मप्, उत्तरखण्ड. [*एन्द्नोते #९] सो wहेरे दोएस् थिस् रेफ़ेरेन्चे चोमे फ़्रोम्? भ्प् १२.१२.६९? थिस् इस् फ़िर्स्त् मेन्तिओन् हेरे. [*एन्द्नोते #१०] थिस् इस् थे गित प्रेस्स् रेअदिन्ग्. ग्प् अल्सो हस् प्रमाणानि नोत् प्रमाणानाम्. [*एन्द्नोते #११] इन् सेच्तिओन् २१ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #१२] त्वम् अस्य लोकस्य विभो रिरक्षिषुर् गृहेऽवतीर्णोऽसि ममाखिलेश्वरः । राजन्य-संज्ञासुर-कोटि-यूथपैर् निर्व्यूह्यमाना निहनिष्यसे चमूः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #१३] हन्तृ-जीववद्- [*एन्द्नोते #१४] कर्तरीय- [*एन्द्नोते #१५] रूपं यत् तत् प्राहुर् अव्यक्तम् आद्यं ब्रह्म ज्योतिर् निर्गुणं निर्विकारम् । सत्ता-मात्रं निर्विशेषं निरीहं स त्वं साक्षाद् विष्णुर् अध्यात्म-दीपः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #१६] क़ुओतेद् फ़्रोम् नारायणाध्यात्म इन् सेच्तिओन् ४७ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #१७] दिस्चुस्सेद् अबोवे इन् सेच्तिओन् ८. [*एन्द्नोते #१८] यतो [*एन्द्नोते #१९] थे भगवत् सन्दर्भ रेअदिन्ग् wअस् परीत्य लोकान् कर्म-चितान्... नात्यकृतः. [*एन्द्नोते #२०] मुण्डकउ २.२.७: दिव्ये ब्रह्म-पुरे ह्य् एष व्योम्न्य् आत्मा प्रतिष्ठितः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #२१] तद् वा एतत् परमं धाम मन्त्रराजाध्यापकस्य यत्र न सूर्यस् तपति यत्र न वायुर् वाति यत्र न चन्द्रमा भाति यत्र न नक्षत्राणि भान्ति यत्र नाग्निर् दहति यत्र न मृत्युः प्रविशति यत्र न दुःखं सदानन्दं परमानन्दं शान्तं शाश्वतं सदा-शिवं ब्रह्मादि- वन्दितं योगि-ध्येयं परमं पदं यत्र गत्वा न निवर्तन्ते योगिनः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #२२] न्तु ५.१० क़ुओतेद् अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #२३] थिस् सेच्तिओन् इस् फ़ुल्ल् ओफ़् क़ुओतेस् फ़्रोम् स्रुति थत् स्होउल्द् बे पोइन्तेद् ओउत्. थे सेच्तिओन् इस् अल्सो क़ुओतेद् इन् ल्भाग् १.५.२४७-२५०. [*एन्द्नोते #२४] अल्तेर्नतिवे नुम्बेरिन्ग् गिवेन् अस् ६.२५५.५६-६४ [*एन्द्नोते #२५] अल्त्. अत्रोपसृष्टम्. सेए ३.१५.४२ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #२६] वरिअन्त् - सनन्दनाद्यैर् मुनिभिर् विभाव्यम्. [*एन्द्नोते #२७] इ चोउल्द्न्ऽत् फ़िन्द् थिस् वेर्से इन् थे विप्. [*एन्द्नोते #२८] थिस् वेर्से हस् अल्रेअद्य् बेएन् रेफ़ेरेद् तो इन् सेच्तिओन्स् ४८ अन्द् ५६. थे चोम्प्लेते वेर्से इस्: रूपं यत् तत् प्राहुर् अव्यक्तम् आद्यं ब्रह्म-ज्योतिर् निर्गुणं निर्विकारम् । सत्ता-मात्रं निर्विशेषं निरीहं स त्वं साक्षाद् विष्णुर् अध्यात्म-दीपः ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #२९] पदं इन् ओरिगिनल् ह्व्. थेसे वेर्सेस् अरे १०४.९-१३ इन् थे च्रितिचल् एदितिओन्. [*एन्द्नोते #३०] माम् एव इन् ओरिगिनल् ह्व्. [*एन्द्नोते #३१] क़ुओतेद् अबोवे इन् सेच्तिओन् ५१. [*एन्द्नोते #३२] थे भग्स् रेअद्स् सर्वगस्य तथात्मा, wहिछ् इस् ओब्विओउस्ल्य् wरोन्ग्. [*एन्द्नोते #३३] थे विप् रेअदिन्ग् इस् समस्त-शक्ति-रूपाणि तत् करोति जनेश्वर । देव-तिर्यङ्-मनुष्यादि-चेष्टावन्ति स्वलीलया ॥ [*एन्द्नोते #३४] थिस् वेर्से इस् अल्सो चितेद् इन् सेच्तिओन्स् ४८ अन्द् १०७. [*एन्द्नोते #३५] सेच्तिओन् १८ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #३६] इ चन्ऽत् फ़िन्द् थे सोउर्चे ओफ़् थिस् अन्द् थे प्रेविओउस् वेर्से. थे रेअदिन्ग् सेएम्स् तो बे चोर्रुप्त् - क्वाचिदजयत्त्मना... [*एन्द्नोते #३७] क़ुओतेद् अबोवे इन् ४.१०. [*एन्द्नोते #३८] थिस् फ्रसे इस् फ़ोउन्द् इन् मन्य् प्लचेस् इस् थे बृहद्-आरण्यक उपनिषद्. [*एन्द्नोते #३९] देहान्ते देवः परमं ब्रह्म तारकं व्याचष्टे । थे भग्स् तेxत् हस् तारकः फ़ोर् तावकम्. [*एन्द्नोते #४०] क़ुओतेद् अबोवे इन् सेच्तिओन् ९४. [*एन्द्नोते #४१] सेच्तिओन्स् ४ अन्द् ९५ अबोवे. [*एन्द्नोते #४२] थिस् एन्तिरे सेच्तिओन् एन्दिन्ग् wइथ् स्पर्शाभावाद् विशुद्धत्वम् इस् फ़ोउन्द् इन् राधा-कृष्णी᳙अर्चन-दीपिका, पगेस् १०-११. [*एन्द्नोते #४३] नोत् क़ुइते सुरे wहेरे श्रीधर स्वामीऽस् चोम्मेन्तर्य् एन्द्स्. [*एन्द्नोते #४४] बोथ् वेर्सेस् क़ुओतेद् अबोवे इन् सेच्तिओन् ८. थिस् wहोले सेच्तिओन् इस् फ़ोउन्द् थेरे, wओर्द्-फ़ोर् wओर्द्. थिस् इस् प्रोबब्ल्य् अन् एर्रोर्, सुर्प्रिसिन्ग्ल्य् नोत् चल्लेद् इन्तो क़ुएस्तिओन् ब्य् थे जदव्पुर् एदितोर्. अनोथेर् म्स् इस् नेएदेद् फ़ोर् चोम्परिसोन्. [*एन्द्नोते #४५] थिस् wओर्द् इस् नोत् इन् थे व्याख्या गिवेन् इन् सेच्तिओन् ७, wहिछ् ओथेर्wइसे फ़ोल्लोwस् wओर्द्-फ़ोर्-wओर्द् उन्तिल् ??. थिस् इस् प्रोबब्ल्य् अन् एर्रोर्, सुर्प्रिसिन्ग्ल्य् नोत् चल्लेद् इन्तो क़ुएस्तिओन् ब्य् थे जदव्पुर् एदितोर्. अनोथेर् म्स् इस् नेएदेद् फ़ोर् चोम्परिसोन्. [*एन्द्नोते #४६] थे सेच्तिओन् बेत्wएएन् सुपेर्स्च्रिप्त् अऽस् इस् नोत् इन् थे एअर्लिएर् व्याख्या ओफ़् थेसे वेर्सेस्, बुत् ओब्विओउस्ल्य् बेलोन्ग्स् अन्द् इस् लिकेल्य् इन् थे ओरिगिनल् वेर्सिओन्. थे समे गोएस् फ़ोर् ओथेर् फ्रसेस् इन् बेत्wएएन् सुपेर्स्च्रिप्तेद् लेत्तेर्स् इन् थे पस्सगे बेलोw. [*एन्द्नोते #४७] अतः [*एन्द्नोते #४८] मिश्रस्यापि [*एन्द्नोते #४९] निर्देशोभयम् [*एन्द्नोते #५०] ए. नोत् इन् थे सेच्तिओन् ११७ वेर्सिओन्. [*एन्द्नोते #५१] फ़्. नोत् इन् थे सेच्तिओन् ११७ वेर्सिओन्. [*एन्द्नोते #५२] नोत् इन् थे सेच्तिओन् ८ वेर्सिओन्. [*एन्द्नोते #५३] नोत् इन् थे सेच्तिओन् ८ वेर्सिओन्. [*एन्द्नोते #५४] नोत् इन् ११७. [*एन्द्नोते #५५] इन् सेच्तिओन् ११७ तमः [*एन्द्नोते #५६] नोत् इन् सेच्तिओन् ८. [*एन्द्नोते #५७] थिस् सेएम्स् तो बे थे एन्द् ओफ़् थे चोम्मोन् मतेरिअल्. [*एन्द्नोते #५८] थिस् अप्पेअर्स् तो बे एविदेन्चे थत् ८ इस् थे ओरिगिनल् सोउर्चे ओफ़् थे मतेरिअल्, नोत् ११७. तो बे फ़ोल्लोwएद्. [*एन्द्नोते #५९] क्. थिस् सेच्तिओन् चन् बे फ़ोउन्द् इन् र्कद् १२-१३. [*एन्द्नोते #६०] क्. थिस् सेच्तिओन् इस् फ़ोउन्द् इन् र्कद् १३-१४. [*एन्द्नोते #६१] मुहूर्तादि इन् थे विप् वेर्सिओन्. थेरे इस् अनोथेर् वेर्से थत् बेगिन्स् थिस् wअय् अत् ३.५.१८. [*एन्द्नोते #६२] दिस्चुस्सेद् अबोवे इन् सेच्तिओन् ८५.

[120] atha tat-pūrvakaṃ viduṣāṃ bhaktyaiva sākṣād anubhavatīyatvam āha tribhiḥ - na paśyati tvāṃ paramātmano'jano na budhyate'dyāpi samādhi-yuktibhiḥ | kuto'pare tasya manaḥ śarīra-dhīr visarga-sṛṣṭā vayam aprakāśāḥ || [BhP 9.8.21] apare arvācīnās tu kutas tvāṃ paśyeyur budhyeran arvācīnatve hetuḥ tasya brahmaṇaḥ | manaś ca śarīraṃ ca dhīś ca sattva-tamo-rajaḥ-kāryāṇi tābhir vividhā ye deva-tiryaṅ-narāṇāṃ sargās teṣāṃ sṛṣṭāḥ | tatrāpi vayam aprakāśāḥ ato kutaḥ paśyema ity arthaḥ | [121] apare tarhi kiṃ paśyanti tatrāha | ye deha-bhājas triguṇa-pradhānā guṇān vipaśyaty uta vā tamaś ca | man-māyayā mohita-cetasas tvāṃ viduḥ sva-saṃsthaṃ na bahiḥ prakāśāḥ || [BhP 9.8.22] ye deha-bhāhas te svasmin samyak-sthitam api tvāṃ na viduḥ | kintu guṇān eva vipaśyanti kadācic ca kevalaṃ tama eva paśyanti yatas triguṇā buddhir eva pradhānaṃ yeṣāṃ | buddhi-paratantratayā jāgrat-svapnayor viṣayān paśyanti suṣuptau tu tama eva na tu svastuto nirguṇānāṃ sarveṣāṃ ātmārāmāṇām ātma-bhūtaṃ tvām | sarvatra hetuḥ ! yat yataḥ māyayā yasya tava māyayā vā mohitaṃ ceto yeṣāṃ te tathāpi tvaṃ vicāreṇa jñāsyasīti | yato nāsmad- vidhānāṃ jñāna-gocaras tvaṃ kintu bhaktānām evety āha | taṃ tvām ahaṃ jñāna-ghanaṃ svabhāva- pradhvasta-māyā-guṇa-bheda-mohaiḥ | sanandanādyair hṛdi saṃvibhāvyam kathaṃ vimūḍhaḥ paribhāvayāmi ||[*ENDNOTE #62] [BhP 9.8.23] taṃ nānāścarya-vṛttika-para-śakti-nidhānaṃ tvāṃ kathaṃ paribhāvayāmi | kiṃ svarūpaṃ jñāna-ghanaṃ satya-jñānānantānandaika-rasa-mūrtiṃ ataeva anirdeśya-vapur iti sahasra-nāma-stave | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ | jñāna-ghanatvān na tāvat jñāna-viṣayas tvaṃ vicāra-viṣayatve'pi māyā-guṇair abhibhūto'haṃ na vicāre samartha iti | nanu tarhi mama tathāvidhatve kiṃ pramāṇaṃ tatrāha | svena tvadīyena bhāvena bhaktyā svasyātmano svabhāvenāvirbhāvenaiva vā pradhvastā māyā-guṇa-prakāra-kṛta-mohā yebhyas taiḥ sanandanādyair bhagavat-tattva- vidbhir munibhir vibhāvyaṃ vicāryaṃ sākṣād anubhavaīyaṃ cety arthaḥ | tasmād ulūkaiḥ prakāśa-guṇakatvenāsammate'pi ravau yathānyair upalabhyamāna-tad-guṇakatvam asty eva tathārvāg-dṛṣṭibhir asambhāvyamānam api tvayi tad-guṇakatvaṃ tad-bhakta-vidvat-pratyakṣa- siddham asty eveti bhāvaḥ | tathā ca śrutiḥ - parāñci khāni vyatṛṇat svayambhū- stasmātparāṅpaśyati nāntarātman | kaściddhīraḥ pratyagātmānamaikśa- dāvṛttacakśuramṛtatvamicchan || [KaṭhaU 2.1.1] bhaktir evainaṃ nayati bhaktir evainaṃ darśayati | bhakti-vaśaḥ puruṣaḥ bhaktir eva bhūyasī || [Māṭhara-śruti] yam evaiṣa vṛṇute tena labhyaḥ tasyaiṣa ātmā vivṛṇute tanūṃ svām [KaṭhaU 1.2.23] || 9.8 || aṃśumān śrī-kapila-devam || 120-121 || vivṛtau brahma-bhagavantau || iti śrī-kali-yuga-pāvana-sva-bhajana-vibhājana-prayojanāvatāra-śrī-śrī- bhagavat-kṛṣṇa-caitanya-deva-caraṇānucara-viśva-vaiṣṇava-rāja-sabhājana- bhājana-śrī-rūpa-sanātanānuśāsana-bhāratī-garbhe śrī-bhāgavata-sandarbhe bhagavat-sandarbho nāma dvitīyaḥ sandarbhaḥ || [*ENDNOTE #1] It is ludicrous to consider the maṅgalācaraṇa verses as separately numbered sections. [*ENDNOTE #2] From this, I would assume that this is not meant to be a separate section, but refers back to the previous #8. [*ENDNOTE #3] This paragraph is taken as a separate section number 24 in the Yadavpur edition, but this doesn't seem to be necessary. [*ENDNOTE #4] Not found in Mahopaniṣad. [*ENDNOTE #5] See section 30. [*ENDNOTE #6] The verse that follows this in LBhāg: dvāravatyāṃ yathā kṛṣṇaḥ pratyakṣaṃ prati mandiram | citraṃ bataitad ityādi-pramāṇena sa setsyati || [*ENDNOTE #7] See quote from Kālikā-purāṇa in section 26 above. [*ENDNOTE #8] The metre on this verse is incorrect, mixed jagatī and triṣṭubh. The second line appears to be missing a syllable. It is probably from PadmaP, Uttarakhaṇḍa. [*ENDNOTE #9] So where does this reference come from? BhP 12.12.69? This is first mention here. [*ENDNOTE #10] This is the Gita Press reading. GP also has pramāṇāni not pramāṇānām. [*ENDNOTE #11] In section 21 above. [*ENDNOTE #12] tvam asya lokasya vibho rirakṣiṣur gṛhe'vatīrṇo'si mamākhileśvaraḥ | rājanya-saṃjñāsura-koṭi-yūthapair nirvyūhyamānā nihaniṣyase camūḥ || [*ENDNOTE #13] hantṛ-jīvavad- [*ENDNOTE #14] kartarīya- [*ENDNOTE #15] rūpaṃ yat tat prāhur avyaktam ādyaṃ brahma jyotir nirguṇaṃ nirvikāram | sattā-mātraṃ nirviśeṣaṃ nirīhaṃ sa tvaṃ sākṣād viṣṇur adhyātma-dīpaḥ || [*ENDNOTE #16] Quoted from Nārāyaṇādhyātma in Section 47 above. [*ENDNOTE #17] Discussed above in Section 8. [*ENDNOTE #18] yato [*ENDNOTE #19] The Bhagavat sandarbha reading was parītya lokān karma-citān... nātyakṛtaḥ. [*ENDNOTE #20] MuṇḍakaU 2.2.7: divye brahma-pure hy eṣa vyomny ātmā pratiṣṭhitaḥ || [*ENDNOTE #21] tad vā etat paramaṃ dhāma mantrarājādhyāpakasya yatra na sūryas tapati yatra na vāyur vāti yatra na candramā bhāti yatra na nakṣatrāṇi bhānti yatra nāgnir dahati yatra na mṛtyuḥ praviśati yatra na duḥkhaṃ sadānandaṃ paramānandaṃ śāntaṃ śāśvataṃ sadā-śivaṃ brahmādi- vanditaṃ yogi-dhyeyaṃ paramaṃ padaṃ yatra gatvā na nivartante yoginaḥ || [*ENDNOTE #22] NTU 5.10 quoted above. [*ENDNOTE #23] This section is full of quotes from Sruti that should be pointed out. The section is also quoted in LBhāg 1.5.247-250. [*ENDNOTE #24] Alternative numbering given as 6.255.56-64 [*ENDNOTE #25] Alt. atropasṛṣṭam. See 3.15.42 above. [*ENDNOTE #26] Variant - sanandanādyair munibhir vibhāvyam. [*ENDNOTE #27] I couldn't find this verse in the ViP. [*ENDNOTE #28] This verse has already been refered to in sections 48 and 56. The complete verse is: rūpaṃ yat tat prāhur avyaktam ādyaṃ brahma-jyotir nirguṇaṃ nirvikāram | sattā-mātraṃ nirviśeṣaṃ nirīhaṃ sa tvaṃ sākṣād viṣṇur adhyātma-dīpaḥ || [*ENDNOTE #29] padaṃ in original HV. These verses are 104.9-13 in the critical edition. [*ENDNOTE #30] mām eva in original HV. [*ENDNOTE #31] Quoted above in section 51. [*ENDNOTE #32] The BhagS reads sarvagasya tathātmā, which is obviously wrong. [*ENDNOTE #33] The ViP reading is samasta-śakti-rūpāṇi tat karoti janeśvara | deva-tiryaṅ-manuṣyādi-ceṣṭāvanti svalīlayā || [*ENDNOTE #34] This verse is also cited in sections 48 and 107. [*ENDNOTE #35] Section 18 above. [*ENDNOTE #36] I can't find the source of this and the previous verse. The reading seems to be corrupt - kvācidajayattmanā... [*ENDNOTE #37] Quoted above in 4.10. [*ENDNOTE #38] This phrase is found in many places is the Bṛhad-āraṇyaka Upaniṣad. [*ENDNOTE #39] dehānte devaḥ paramaṃ brahma tārakaṃ vyācaṣṭe | The BhagS text has tārakaḥ for tāvakam. [*ENDNOTE #40] Quoted above in section 94. [*ENDNOTE #41] Sections 4 and 95 above. [*ENDNOTE #42] This entire section ending with sparśābhāvād viśuddhatvam is found in Rādhā-kṛṣṇī̀arcana-dīpikā, pages 10-11. [*ENDNOTE #43] Not quite sure where Śrīdhara Svāmī's commentary ends. [*ENDNOTE #44] Both verses quoted above in section 8. This whole section is found there, word-for word. This is probably an error, surprisingly not called into question by the Jadavpur editor. Another MS is needed for comparison. [*ENDNOTE #45] This word is not in the vyākhyā given in section 7, which otherwise follows word-for-word until ??. This is probably an error, surprisingly not called into question by the Jadavpur editor. Another MS is needed for comparison. [*ENDNOTE #46] The section between superscript a's is not in the earlier vyākhyā of these verses, but obviously belongs and is likely in the original version. The same goes for other phrases in between superscripted letters in the passage below. [*ENDNOTE #47] ataḥ [*ENDNOTE #48] miśrasyāpi [*ENDNOTE #49] nirdeśobhayam [*ENDNOTE #50] e. Not in the section 117 version. [*ENDNOTE #51] f. not in the section 117 version. [*ENDNOTE #52] Not in the section 8 version. [*ENDNOTE #53] Not in the section 8 version. [*ENDNOTE #54] Not in 117. [*ENDNOTE #55] in section 117 tamaḥ [*ENDNOTE #56] Not in section 8. [*ENDNOTE #57] This seems to be the end of the common material. [*ENDNOTE #58] This appears to be evidence that 8 is the original source of the material, not 117. To be followed. [*ENDNOTE #59] k. This section can be found in RKAD 12-13. [*ENDNOTE #60] k. This section is found in RKAD 13-14. [*ENDNOTE #61] muhūrtādi in the ViP version. There is another verse that begins this way at 3.5.18. [*ENDNOTE #62] Discussed above in Section 85.

English translation

English witness · section(s) 106

Anuccheda 106

1 That the ancient wise sages can directly understand and see the Supreme by serving Him with devotion will be described in three verses from Srimad Bhagavatam (9.8.21-23) quoted in this anuccheda. The first of these verses (Srimad Bhagavatam 9.8.21) says: “My Lord, even Lord Brahma is to this very day unable to understand Your position, which is far beyond himself, either by meditation or by mental speculation. So what to speak of others like us, who have been created by Brahma in various forms as demigods, animals, human beings, birds and beasts? We are completely in ignorance. Therefore, how can we know You, who are the Transcendence?”* 2 This verse states: “Even Lord Brahma (ajanah) is to the very day (adya) unable to see (na pasyati) You (tvam) or to understand (na budhyate) Your position (tvam).” Why can he not see or understand You? The answer is given in the word ‘samadhi-yuktibhih’, which means ‘You cannot be understood by meditation or mental speculation’. The word ‘apare’ means ‘How can others, who are only recently born, see or understand You?” Why are the others said to be recently born? The answer is given in the words ‘kuta pare tasya manah-sarira-dhi-visarga-srsta vayam aprakasah’, which means ‘So what to speak of others like us, whose mind, body, and intelligence have been created by Brahma from the material modes of goodness, passion, and ignorance, and made into in various forms as demigods, animals, and human beings? We are completely in ignorance, therefore, how can we see or know You, who are the Transcendence?” 3 Why can the others (apare) not see the Lord? The answer is given in the next verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 9.8.22): “My Lord, You are fully situated in everyone’s heart, but the living entities, covered by the material body cannot see You, for they are influenced by the external energy, conducted by the three modes of material nature. Their intelligence being covered by sattva-guna, rajo-guna and tamo-guna, they can see only the actions and reactions of these three modes of material nature. Because of the actions and reactions of the mode of ignorance, whether the living entities are awake or sleeping, the can see only the workings of material nature, they cannot see You Lordship.”* 4 The verse says: ‘My Lord, You are fully situated in everyone’s heart, but the living entities, covered by the material body (ye deha-bhajah) cannot see You (na viduh). They see (vipasyanti) only the material modes of nature (gunan). Sometimes they see only the mode of ignorance. Their intelligence overpowered by the three modes, awake or dreaming they see only the material sense-objects. In dreamless sleep they see only the mode of ignorance. They do not see You, who are beyond the three modes of material nature. You are everywhere. Why do they no see You? Because their minds are bewildered by the illusory potency maya, or by Your illusory potency maya, they cannot understand You. Persons like us cannot understand You. Only Your devotees can understand You.” 5 The next verse (Srimad Bhagavatam 9.8.23) explains: “O my Lord, sages freed from the influence of the three modes of material nature - sages such as the four Kumaras (Sanat, Sanaka, Sanandana, and Sanatana) - are able to think of You, who are concentrated knowledge. But how can an ignorant person like me think of You?”* 6 This verse says: ‘My Lord, how can I think of You, who possess many wonderful transcendental potencies? What is Your form like? It is full of knowledge.” That the form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead is full of knowledge is described in the scriptures in these words: “The Visnu-murtis all had eternal, unlimited forms, full of knowledge, and bliss and existing beyond the influence of time.”* Srimad Bhagavatam 10.13.54 “The Lord’s form is spiritual and cannot be seen by the non devotees.” Sri Visnu-sahasra-nama-stotra The meaning is that because the Lord’s form is full of transcendental knowledge it cannot be understood by the materialists. The speaker of this verse therefore says: ‘I am a victim of the three modes of material nature. Therefore I am not able to think of You, O Lord.” 7 At this point the Supreme Lord may protest: “What is the proof that I am as you say?” The speaker of this verse answers: “The proof is that sages freed from the influence of the three modes of material nature - sages such as the four Kumaras (Sanat, Sanaka, Sanandana, and Sanatana) - are able to think of You. Indeed, they are able to see You directly. As owls have no conception of the sun, so some people cannot understand You. Recently born persons cannot understand You at all, although the wise devotees can see You directly. That is the meaning. The Sruti-sastra explains (Katha Upanisad 2.1.1): 8 “Generally speaking, no one can see the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is beyond the grasp of the material senses. However, one who is intelligent and saintly, and who aspires for liberation, can turn his eyes from matter and become able to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead residing within his heart as the Supersoul.” 9 The method of seeing and understanding the Lord is described in these words of the Mathara-sruti: “Devotional service brings one to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Devotional service enables one to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Devotional service conquers the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Devotional service is more powerful than the Lord Himself.” 10 The scriptures also explains (Katha Upanisad 1.2.23 and Mundaka Upanisad 3.2.3): “The Supreme Lord is not attained by expert explanations, by vast intelligence, or even by much hearing. He is obtained only by one whom He chooses. To such a person He manifests His own form.”* 11 The verse quoted in the beginning of this anuccheda was spoken by Amsuman to Lord Kapiladeva. In this sandarbha, Brahman and the Supreme Personality of Godhead (Bhagavan) have been described.