Those who eat the nectar of the remnant of sacrifice: having performed the sacrifices described, they eat, in the time left over from them, the food enjoined by rule, the food called nectar; so they are eaters of the nectar of the remnant of sacrifice. They go to Brahman, the eternal, the age-old, if they are seekers of liberation; it is understood from the force of the words that this is with reference to the lapse of time. This world, common to all living beings, does not belong to one who has not even one of the sacrifices described, who is therefore one without sacrifice; how much less the other world, which is reached by a more distinguished means, O best of the Kurus.

Keeping up the body with the nectar left over from sacrifice, and engaged in the discipline of action, they go to the eternal Brahman. For the man without sacrifice, without the obligatory and occasional action preceded by the great sacrifices, there is not even this world, that is, the human goal called the duty, wealth, and pleasure that belong to the world of matter; whence, then, the other human goal called liberation? Since liberation is the topic as the highest human goal, the human goal other than it is here pointed to by the words 'this world', for it belongs to matter.

This is a brief sub-gloss. For a fuller reading of this verse, see Madhusūdana, Śaṅkara, or Rāmānuja above.

Madhva's commentary treats verses 4.30 through 4.31 as a single passage; it is given in full at verse 4.30.