Thus received in the line of kṣatriyas, the royal seers, those who were both kings and seers, knew this yoga. Here, by the long lapse of time, it was lost, its line of handing-down broken, O scorcher of foes. As the sun scorches with the rays of its valour and brilliance, so He scorches His foes; the 'foes' are the adversaries of the self. Finding that this yoga, on falling to the weak and the unrestrained, was lost, and that the world was thereby cut off from the human goal.

This is a brief sub-gloss. For a fuller reading of this verse, see Madhusūdana, Śaṅkara, or Rāmānuja above.

Ramanuja's commentary treats verses 4.1 through 4.2 as a single passage; it is given in full at verse 4.1.

This is a brief sub-gloss. For a fuller reading of this verse, see Madhusūdana, Śaṅkara, or Rāmānuja above.

Madhva's commentary treats verses 4.1 through 4.3 as a single passage; it is given in full at verse 4.1.