राम

Bhagavad Gītā · 18 chapters

1Arjun Viṣhād Yog472Sānkhya Yog723Karm Yog434Jñāna Karm Sanyās Yog425Karm Sanyās Yog296Dhyān Yog477Jñāna Vijñāna Yog308Akṣhar Brahma Yog289Rāja Vidyā Yog3410Vibhūti Yog4211Viśhwarūp Darśhan Yog5512Bhakti Yog2013Kṣhetra Kṣhetrajña Vibhāg Yog3514Guṇa Traya Vibhāg Yog2715Puruṣhottam Yog2016Daivāsura Sampad Vibhāg Yog2417Śhraddhā Traya Vibhāg Yog2818Mokṣha Sanyās Yog78
V.1314.1214.14
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Chapter 14 · 27 verses

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Chapter 14 · Verse 13·Spoken by Arjuna

अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च।तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन

aprakāśho ’pravṛittiśh cha pramādo moha eva cha tamasy etāni jāyante vivṛiddhe kuru-nandana

—:—— / —:——

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Sanskrit recitation by Swami Brahmānanda

Audio from the Gītā Supersite, IIT Kanpur

Word by Word

aprakāśhaḥnescienceapravṛittiḥinertiachaandpramādaḥnegligencemohaḥdelusionevaindeedchaalsotamasimode of ignoranceetānithesejāyantemanifestvivṛiddhewhen dominateskuru-nandanathe joy of the Kurus, Arjun

Reading set · 5 translations · 3 commentaries

Translation · 5 voices

O descendant of the Kuru dynasty, when tamas predominates, these come into being without exception: non-discrimination, inactivity, inadvertence, and delusion.

Swami Gambiranandaafter Śaṅkara's bhāṣya· paired with Śaṅkara

Non-illumination, inactivity, negligence, and even delusion—these arise, O Arjuna, when Tamas prevails.

Swami Adidevanandaafter Rāmānuja's bhāṣya· paired with Rāmānuja

Absence of mental illumination, lack of exertion, negligence, and mere delusion—these are born when Tamas predominates, O darling of the Kurus!

Dr. S. Sankaranarayanafter Madhva's bhāṣya· paired with Madhva

Darkness, inertia, carelessness, and delusion—these arise when Tamas is predominant, O Arjuna.

Swami SivanandaThe Bhagavad Gita

Darkness, stagnation, folly, and infatuation are the results of the dominance of ignorance, O joy of the Kuru clan!

Shri Purohit SwamiThe Geeta

ŚaṅkarācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Advaita Vedānta· Classical
Machine translation · draft

Unillumination, want of discernment; and utter non-engagement, the absence of engagement, and its effect; and heedlessness; and delusion, the state of being deluded: when the quality tamas has grown, these marks arise, O delight of the Kurus. Showing that the fruit reached even by the door of death, being occasioned by attachment and passion, is wholly figurative, He says.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.

RāmānujācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Viśiṣṭādvaita· Classical
Machine translation · draft

This is a brief sub-gloss. For a fuller reading of this verse, see Madhusūdana, Śaṅkara, or Rāmānuja above.

Want of light is the non-rising of knowledge. Want of engagement is stiffness. Heedlessness is the inattention that has for its fruit engagement in what is not to be done. Delusion is contrary knowledge. These arise when tamas is grown strong; by these one should know that tamas is grown strong.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.

MadhvācāryaGītā-bhāṣya
Dvaita· Classical
Machine translation · draft

This is a brief sub-gloss. For a fuller reading of this verse, see Madhusūdana, Śaṅkara, or Rāmānuja above.

Madhvacharya does not comment on this verse.

Contemporary English rendering of the Sanskrit bhāṣya, pending scholar review.