Non-violence is the not-harming of living beings, the avoiding of pain to them. Truth is the speaking of a thing as it is, free of the unpleasant and the false. Freedom from anger is the calming of anger that has arisen toward those who revile or strike one. Relinquishment is renunciation, since giving was told before. Peace is the calming of the inner instrument. Freedom from slander: slander is the making plain to another of another's weak points; its absence is freedom from slander. Compassion is pity toward suffering beings. Freedom from greediness is the unalteredness of the senses in the presence of objects. Gentleness is softness, the absence of harshness. Modesty is shame. Freedom from fickleness is the not-setting-to-work of speech, hand, foot and the like when there is no purpose. Further.

Non-injury is the avoidance of pain to others. Truth is speech, bearing on a thing as it has been seen, that is for the welfare of beings. Freedom from anger is the absence of the disorder of mind that has the pain of others for its fruit. Relinquishment is the letting go of possessions that are at odds with one's own good. Calm is the practising of the holding-back of the senses from their bent toward objects. Absence of slander is the not carrying of words that bring harm to others. Compassion toward all beings is the inability to bear the pain of others. Freedom from greed, or freedom from craving, the reading varies; the meaning is longinglessness toward objects. Gentleness is the absence of hardness, that is, the fitness for close fellowship with good people. Modesty is shame at the doing of what is not to be done. Steadiness is the absence of wavering in the presence of objects that are to be longed for.

'Slander' (paishuna) is the telling, to a king and the like, of faults that occasion harm to others, as the lexicon has it, 'the speech that tells faults which cause harm to others is paishuna; and the not seeing, through pride, of one's fear of a king and the like is called arrogance'. 'Greed' (laulya) is attachment, as the lexicon has it, 'attachment, greed, and fondness'. 'Steadiness' (acapala) is firmness, as the lexicon has it, 'fickle, wavering, unsteady are the marks of the unsteady one'.