4.1.1
Sourceभक्ति-भरेण प्रीतिं कलयन्न् उररीकृत-व्रजासङ्गः । तनुतां सनातनात्मा भगवान् मयि सर्वदा तुष्टिम्
bhakti-bhareṇa prītiṃ kalayann urarīkṛta-vrajāsaṅgaḥ | tanutāṃ sanātanātmā bhagavān mayi sarvadā tuṣṭim
English translation
“May the Lord with eternal form who accepts Vraja as His eternal home, being merciful out of great affection for the devotee, be satisfied with me.”
Alternate translation:
“May the person called Sanātana Gosvāmī who, having great joy because of his devotion, was attached to living in the land of Vraja, be satisfied with me.”
4.1.4
Sourceगौणा भक्ति-रसाः सप्त लेख्या हास्यादयः क्रमात्
gauṇā bhakti-rasāḥ sapta lekhyā hāsyādayaḥ kramāt
English translation
“In the fourth division of the sweet ocean of rasa , called the Northern Ocean, the seven secondary rasas , plus the mutually friendly and antagonistic rasas and rasābhāsa will be discussed in nine waves (chapters). Previously it was said that, unlike the primary rasas , these secondary rasas do not have fixed ālambana and appear occasionally in any of the persons with the primary rasas . The seven secondary rasas will be discussed in order starting with hāsya .”
4.1.5
Sourceभक्तानां पञ्चधोक्तानाम् एषां मध्यत एव हि । क्वाप्य् एकः क्वाप्य् अनेकश् च गौणेष्व् आलम्बनो मतः
bhaktānāṃ pañcadhoktānām eṣāṃ madhyata eva hi | kvāpy ekaḥ kvāpy anekaś ca gauṇeṣv ālambano mataḥ
English translation
“These secondary rasas appear only within the five types of persons possessing the five types of sthātī- bhāva . Sometimes in a particular situation, one among these five type of persons may experience a particular secondary rasa , and at other times all of these types may experience a particular secondary rasa .”
4.1.6
Sourceतत्र हास्य-भक्ति-रसः-- वक्ष्यमाणैर् विभावाद्यैः पुष्टिं हास-रतिर् गता । हास्य-भक्ति-रसो नाम बुधैर् एष निगद्यते
tatra hāsya-bhakti-rasaḥ-- vakṣyamāṇair vibhāvādyaiḥ puṣṭiṃ hāsa-ratir gatā | hāsya-bhakti-raso nāma budhair eṣa nigadyate
English translation
“When hasya - rati is nourished by the presence of vibhāva and other elements [of rasa ], it is called hāsya-bhakti-rasa by the wise.”
4.1.7
Sourceअस्मिन्न् आलम्बनः कृष्णस् तथान्यो ऽपि तद्-अन्वयी । वृद्धाः शिशु-मुखाः प्रायः प्रोक्ता धीरैस् तद्-आश्रयाः । विभावनादि-वैशिष्ट्यात् प्रवराश् च क्वचिन् मताः
asminn ālambanaḥ kṛṣṇas tathānyo 'pi tad-anvayī | vṛddhāḥ śiśu-mukhāḥ prāyaḥ proktā dhīrais tad-āśrayāḥ | vibhāvanādi-vaiśiṣṭyāt pravarāś ca kvacin matāḥ
English translation
“In hāsya-rasa , Kṛṣṇa and persons performing humorous actions directed toward Kṛṣṇa are the ālambana . The wise say that elders and the chief young children are usually the āśrayas of hāsya - rasa . In special circumstances, the chief personalities become the āśraya of this rasa. ”
4.1.8
Sourceयास्याम्य् अस्य न भीषणस्य सविधं जीर्णस्य शीर्णाकृतेर् मातर् नेष्यति मां पिधाय कपटाद् आधारिकायाम् असौ । इत्य् उक्त्वा चकिताक्षम् अद्भुत-शिशाव् उद्वीक्ष्यमाणे हरौ हास्यं तस्य निरुद्धतो ऽप्य् अतितरां व्यक्तं तदासीन् मुनेः
yāsyāmy asya na bhīṣaṇasya savidhaṃ jīrṇasya śīrṇākṛter mātar neṣyati māṃ pidhāya kapaṭād ādhārikāyām asau | ity uktvā cakitākṣam adbhuta-śiśāv udvīkṣyamāṇe harau hāsyaṃ tasya niruddhato 'py atitarāṃ vyaktaṃ tadāsīn muneḥ
English translation
Kṛṣṇa as ālambana : “ ‘O mother! I will not go towards that frightful, old withered person! He will craftily put Me in his begging bag.’ When Nārada saw baby Kṛṣṇa say this with frightened eyes, though he tried to suppress his laughter, he could not.”
4.1.9
Sourceअथ तद्-अन्वयी--- यच् चेष्टा कृष्ण-विषया प्रोक्तः सो ऽत्र तद्-अन्वयी
atha tad-anvayī--- yac ceṣṭā kṛṣṇa-viṣayā proktaḥ so 'tra tad-anvayī
English translation
“A person whose actions [of laughter] are directed toward Kṛṣṇa is called tad- anvayī (person related to Kṛṣṇa).”
4.1.10
Sourceददामि दधि-फाणितं विवृणु वक्त्रम् इत्य् अग्रतो निशम्य जरती-गिरं विवृत-कोमलौष्ठे स्थिते । तया कुसुमम् अर्पितं नवम् अवेत्य भुग्नानने हरौ जहसुर् उद्धुरं किम् अपि सुष्ठु गोष्ठार्भकाः
dadāmi dadhi-phāṇitaṃ vivṛṇu vaktram ity agrato niśamya jaratī-giraṃ vivṛta-komalauṣṭhe sthite | tayā kusumam arpitaṃ navam avetya bhugnānane harau jahasur uddhuraṃ kim api suṣṭhu goṣṭhārbhakāḥ
English translation
Devotee as ālambana : “ ‘Open Your mouth. I will give You some yogurt mixed with sugar.’ Hearing the words of the old woman, Kṛṣṇa opened His tender lips, but she put a fresh flower into His mouth. Tasting the bitterness, He puckered His mouth. The young cowherd boys laughed loudly.”
4.1.11
Sourceअस्य प्रेक्ष्य करं शिशोर् मुनिपते श्यामस्य मे कथ्यतां तथ्यं हन्त चिरायुर् एष भविता किं धेनु-कोटीश्वरः । इत्य् उक्ते भगवन् मयाद्य परितश् चीरेण किं चारुणा द्राग् आविर्भवद्-उद्धुर-स्मितम् इदं वक्त्रं त्वया रुध्यते
asya prekṣya karaṃ śiśor munipate śyāmasya me kathyatāṃ tathyaṃ hanta cirāyur eṣa bhavitā kiṃ dhenu-koṭīśvaraḥ | ity ukte bhagavan mayādya paritaś cīreṇa kiṃ cāruṇā drāg āvirbhavad-uddhura-smitam idaṃ vaktraṃ tvayā rudhyate
English translation
Another example: “O master of the sages! When I asked you to look at the hand of our dark- complexioned child, and to tell me if He will be the Lord of a million cows and have long life, why did you suddenly hide your laughing face completely with your beautiful cloth?”
4.1.13
Sourceहर्षालस्यावहित्थाद्या विज्ञेया व्यभिचारिणः । सा हास-रतिर् एवात्र स्थायि-भावतयोदिता
harṣālasyāvahitthādyā vijñeyā vyabhicāriṇaḥ | sā hāsa-ratir evātra sthāyi-bhāvatayoditā
English translation
“The uddīpanas for hāsya-rasa are the humorous words, clothing and behavior of Kṛṣṇa . The anubhāvas are quivering of the nose, lips and cheeks. The vyabhicārī- bhāvas are harṣa (jubilation), ālasya (sloth) and avahitthā (concealing oneself). The sthāyī- bhāva is hāsya - rati .”
4.1.14
Sourceषोढा हास-रतिः स्यात् स्मित-हसिते विहसितावहसिते च । अपहसितातिहसितके ज्येष्ठादीनां क्रमाद् द्वे द्वे
ṣoḍhā hāsa-ratiḥ syāt smita-hasite vihasitāvahasite ca | apahasitātihasitake jyeṣṭhādīnāṃ kramād dve dve
English translation
“There are six types of hāsya - rati : smita , hasita , vihasa, avahasita, apahasita and atihasita . The first two appear in superiors (such as sages or confidential friends), the second two appear in persons of medium status (messengers or servants) and the third two appear in those of the lowest status (such as children).”
4.1.15
Sourceविभावनादि-वैचित्र्याद् उत्तमस्यापि कुत्रचित् । भवेद् विहसिताद्यं च भावज्ञैर् इति भण्यते
vibhāvanādi-vaicitryād uttamasyāpi kutracit | bhaved vihasitādyaṃ ca bhāvajñair iti bhaṇyate
English translation
“The wise say that when there is special attraction in the vibhāva and other elements, the lower types of hāsya such as vihasya also appear in the superior persons.”
4.1.16
Sourceतत्र स्मितम्-- स्मितं त्व् अलक्ष्य-दशनं नेत्र-गण्ड-विकाश-कृत्
tatra smitam-- smitaṃ tv alakṣya-daśanaṃ netra-gaṇḍa-vikāśa-kṛt
English translation
“When the teeth are not seen and the eyes and cheeks become joyful it is called smita (slight smile).”
4.1.17
Sourceक्व यामि जरती खला दधि-हरं दिधीर्षन्त्य् असौ प्रधावति जवेन मां सुबल मङ्क्षु रक्षां कुरु । इति स्खलद्-उदीरिते द्रवति कान्दिशीके हरौ विकस्वर-मुखाम्बुजं कुलम् अभून् मुनीनां दिवि
kva yāmi jaratī khalā dadhi-haraṃ didhīrṣanty asau pradhāvati javena māṃ subala maṅkṣu rakṣāṃ kuru | iti skhalad-udīrite dravati kāndiśīke harau vikasvara-mukhāmbujaṃ kulam abhūn munīnāṃ divi
English translation
An example: “ ‘O strong brother! Because I stole some yogurt, the wicked old lady is chasing Me to tie Me up. Where can I go? Please protect Me quickly!’ Saying these words to His elder brother with choked voice, Kṛṣṇa fled in fear. Seeing this, the faces of the sages in the sky blossomed.”
4.1.18
Sourceहसितम्-- तद् एव दर-संलक्ष्य-दन्ताग्रं हसितं भवेत्
hasitam-- tad eva dara-saṃlakṣya-dantāgraṃ hasitaṃ bhavet
English translation
“When teeth are slightly visible, it is called hasita (smile).”
4.1.19
Sourceमद्-वशेन पुरः-स्थितो हरिर् असौ पुत्रो ऽहम् एवास्मि ते पश्येत्य् अच्युत-जल्प-विश्वसितया संरम्भ-रज्यद्-दृशा । माम् एति स्खलद्-अक्षरे जटिलया व्याक्रुश्य निष्कासिते पुत्रे प्राङ्गतः सखी-कुलम् अभूद् दन्तांशु-धौताधरम्
mad-vaśena puraḥ-sthito harir asau putro 'ham evāsmi te paśyety acyuta-jalpa-viśvasitayā saṃrambha-rajyad-dṛśā | mām eti skhalad-akṣare jaṭilayā vyākruśya niṣkāsite putre prāṅgataḥ sakhī-kulam abhūd dantāṃśu-dhautādharam
English translation
An example: “ ‘O mother! I am your son Abhimanyu . Kṛṣṇa is coming here wearing my clothes.’ Believing Kṛṣṇa’s words, Jaṭilā her eyes red with anger, began shouting and driving here real son from the yard, as he tried to say ‘Mother! Mother!’ The lips of Rādhā ’s friends became gleaming white with the luster of their teeth.”
4.1.20
Sourceविहसितम्-- स-स्वनं दृष्ट-दशनं भवेद् विहसितं तु तत्
vihasitam-- sa-svanaṃ dṛṣṭa-daśanaṃ bhaved vihasitaṃ tu tat
English translation
“When laughing sounds are heard and the teeth are visible it is called vihasita (audible laughing).”
4.1.21
Sourceमुषाण दधि मेदुरं विफलम् अन्तरा शङ्कसे स-निःश्वसित-डम्बरं जटिलयात्र निद्रायते । इति ब्रुवति केशवे प्रकट-शीर्ण-दन्त-स्थलं कृतं हसितम् उत्स्वनं कपट-सुप्तया वृद्धया
muṣāṇa dadhi meduraṃ viphalam antarā śaṅkase sa-niḥśvasita-ḍambaraṃ jaṭilayātra nidrāyate | iti bruvati keśave prakaṭa-śīrṇa-danta-sthalaṃ kṛtaṃ hasitam utsvanaṃ kapaṭa-suptayā vṛddhayā
English translation
An example: “ ‘My friends! Steal the thick yogurt. Why are you uselessly showing fear in this house? Jaṭilā is sleeping with loud breathing.’ When Kṛṣṇa said this, the old lady, only pretending to be sleeping, laughed audibly, showing her worn teeth.”
4.1.22
Sourceअवहसितम्-- तच् चावहसितं फुल्ल-नासं कुञ्चित-लोचनम्
avahasitam-- tac cāvahasitaṃ phulla-nāsaṃ kuñcita-locanam
English translation
“When the nose swells and the eyes squint, it is called avahasita (intense laughter).”
4.1.23
Sourceलग्नस् ते नितरां दृशोर् अपि युगे किं धातु-रागो घनः प्रातः पुत्र बलस्य वा किम् असितं वासस् त्वयाङ्गे धृतम् । इत्य् आकर्ण्य पुरो व्रजेश-गृहिणी-वाचं स्फुरन्-नासिका दूती सङ्कुचद्-ईक्षणावहसितं जाता न रोद्धुं क्षमा
lagnas te nitarāṃ dṛśor api yuge kiṃ dhātu-rāgo ghanaḥ prātaḥ putra balasya vā kim asitaṃ vāsas tvayāṅge dhṛtam | ity ākarṇya puro vrajeśa-gṛhiṇī-vācaṃ sphuran-nāsikā dūtī saṅkucad-īkṣaṇāvahasitaṃ jātā na roddhuṃ kṣamā
English translation
An example: “ ‘O son! How have Your two eyes become tainted with strong colors early in the morning? Why are You wearing Baladeva ’s blue cloth?’ Hearing these words of Yaśodā , servants standing there could not suppress their laughter. Their eyes squinted and their noses swelled.”
4.1.24
Sourceअपहसितम्-- तच् चापहसितं साश्रु-लोचनं कम्पितांसकम्
apahasitam-- tac cāpahasitaṃ sāśru-locanaṃ kampitāṃsakam
English translation
“Laughter with tears in the eyes and shaking shoulders is called apahasita (uncontrollable laughter).”
4.1.25
Sourceउदस्रं देवर्षिर् दिवि दर-तरङ्गद्-भुज-शिरा यद् अभ्राण्य् उद्दण्डो दशन-रुचिभिः पाण्डरयति । स्फुटं ब्रह्मादीनां नटयितरि दिव्ये व्रज-शिशौ जरत्याः प्रस्तोभान् नटति तद् अनैषीद् दृशम् असौ
udasraṃ devarṣir divi dara-taraṅgad-bhuja-śirā yad abhrāṇy uddaṇḍo daśana-rucibhiḥ pāṇḍarayati | sphuṭaṃ brahmādīnāṃ naṭayitari divye vraja-śiśau jaratyāḥ prastobhān naṭati tad anaiṣīd dṛśam asau
English translation
“Seeing the effulgent child of Vraja— Kṛṣṇa , who makes the devatās dance— dancing to the verses of an old lady, Nārada , with tears in his eyes and shaking shoulders, began to dance in an extraordinary fashion, turning the clouds white with his flashing white teeth.”
4.1.26
Sourceअतिहसितम्-- सहस्र-तालं क्षिप्ताङ्गं तच् चातिहसितं विदुः
atihasitam-- sahasra-tālaṃ kṣiptāṅgaṃ tac cātihasitaṃ viduḥ
English translation
“Laughter combined with clapping the hands and bending the body is called atihasita (extreme laughter).”
4.1.27
Sourceवृद्धे त्वं वलिताननासि वलिभिः प्रेक्ष्य सुयोग्याम् अतस् त्वाम् उद्वोढुम् असौ बली-मुख-वरो मां साधयत्य् उत्सुकः । आभिर् विप्लुत-धीर् वृणे न हि परं त्वत्तो बलि-ध्वंसनाद् इत्य् उच्चैर् मुखरा-गिरा विजहसुः सोत्तालिका बालिकाः
vṛddhe tvaṃ valitānanāsi valibhiḥ prekṣya suyogyām atas tvām udvoḍhum asau balī-mukha-varo māṃ sādhayaty utsukaḥ | ābhir vipluta-dhīr vṛṇe na hi paraṃ tvatto bali-dhvaṃsanād ity uccair mukharā-girā vijahasuḥ sottālikā bālikāḥ
English translation
An example: “ ‘Old lady! Your skin is all wrinkled. You look like a monkey! The king of the monkeys (with wrinkled faces) has sent me to arrange your marriage to a suitable groom.’ Hearing this the old woman said, ‘By all these wrinkles, I have lost my intelligence. Thus I will not accept anyone but You as a groom, since You are the destroyer of demons (and the destroyer of wrinkles).’ Hearing Mukunda ’s words, all the young boys began to clap their hands and laugh loudly.”
4.1.28
Sourceयस्य हासः स चेत् क्वापि साक्षान् नैव निबध्यते । तथाप्य् एष विभावादि-सामर्थ्याद् उपलभ्यते
yasya hāsaḥ sa cet kvāpi sākṣān naiva nibadhyate | tathāpy eṣa vibhāvādi-sāmarthyād upalabhyate
English translation
“If the person instigating hāsya is not directly discernable, that person can be understood by by the similarity of the vibhāva and other elements with other cases.”
4.1.29
Sourceशिम्बी-लम्बि-कुचासि दर्दुर-वधू-विस्पर्धि नासाकृतिस् त्वं जीर्यद्-दुलि-दृष्टिर् ओष्ठ-तुलिताङ्गारा मृदङ्गोदरी । का त्वत्तः कुटिले परास्ति जटिला-पुत्रि क्षितौ सुन्दरी पुण्येन व्रज-सुभ्रुवां तव धृतिं हर्तुं न वंशी क्षमा
śimbī-lambi-kucāsi dardura-vadhū-vispardhi nāsākṛtis tvaṃ jīryad-duli-dṛṣṭir oṣṭha-tulitāṅgārā mṛdaṅgodarī | kā tvattaḥ kuṭile parāsti jaṭilā-putri kṣitau sundarī puṇyena vraja-subhruvāṃ tava dhṛtiṃ hartuṃ na vaṃśī kṣamā
English translation
“O Kuṭilā (sister of Abhimanyu )! Your breasts a long like beans! Your nostrils are like those of a female frog! Your eyes are like old turtles. Your lips are like coals. Your stomach is like a drum. Who is there in this world that is more beautiful than you? By the strength of your good works, only you, among all the beautiful women of Vraja , have withstood the attraction of the flute .”
4.1.30
Sourceएष हास्य-रसस् तत्र कैशिकी-वृत्ति-विस्तृतौ । शृङ्गारादि-रसोद्भेदो बहुधैव प्रपञ्चितः
eṣa hāsya-rasas tatra kaiśikī-vṛtti-vistṛtau | śṛṅgārādi-rasodbhedo bahudhaiva prapañcitaḥ
English translation
“This hāsya-rasa , which manifests in madhura and other rasas , has been described in detail with many forms in the works of Bharata Muni and the work Nātāka- candrikā , in the section dealing with kaiṣikī- vṛtti (dramatic form suitable for love).”
iti śrī-śrī- bhakti -rasāmṛta-sindhāv uttara -vibhāge hāsya-bhakti-rasa-nirūpaṇe adbhuta-bhakti-rasa-laharī prathamā ||
“Thus ends the First Wave of the Northern Ocean of Śrī Bhakti-rasāmṛta - sindhu , concerning hāsya -bhakti- rasa .”