2.4.1
Sourceअथोच्यन्ते त्रयस्-त्रिंशद्-भावा ये व्यभिचारिणः । विशेषेणाभिमुख्येन चरन्ति स्थायिनं प्रति
athocyante trayas-triṃśad-bhāvā ye vyabhicāriṇaḥ | viśeṣeṇābhimukhyena caranti sthāyinaṃ prati
English translation
“Hereafter the 33 vyabhicārī- bhāvas will be described. They are called vyabhicārī-bhāvas because the move ( caranti ) against the sthāyī- bhāva , while assisting it in a distinctive way ( viśeṣena abhimukhyena ).”
2.4.2
Sourceवाग्-अङ्ग-सत्त्व-सूच्या ज्ञेयास् ते व्यभिचारिणः । सञ्चारयन्ति भावस्य गतिं सञ्चारिणो ऽपि
vāg-aṅga-sattva-sūcyā jñeyās te vyabhicāriṇaḥ | sañcārayanti bhāvasya gatiṃ sañcāriṇo 'pi
English translation
“The vyabhicārī- bhāvas reveal themselves by words, by eyebrows and other bodily parts, and by external actions ( anubhāvas ) that arise from overwhelming emotions ( sattva ). Since they set in motion ( sañcārayanti ) the course of the sthāyi-bhāva , they are called sañcārī - bhāvas .”
2.4.3
Sourceउन्मज्जन्ति निमज्जन्ति स्थायिन्य् अमृत-वारिधौ । ऊर्मिवद् वर्धयन्त्य् एनं यान्ति तद्-रूपतां च ते
unmajjanti nimajjanti sthāyiny amṛta-vāridhau | ūrmivad vardhayanty enaṃ yānti tad-rūpatāṃ ca te
English translation
“All the vyabhicārī- bhāvas , rising and falling like waves in the sweet ocean of the sthāyi-bhāva , increase the sthāyī- bhāva and then merge into it.”
2.4.6
Sourceऔग्र्यम् अर्षासूयाश् चापल्यं चैव निद्रा च । सुप्तिर् बोध इतीमे भावा व्यभिचारिणः समाख्याताः
augryam arṣāsūyāś cāpalyaṃ caiva nidrā ca | suptir bodha itīme bhāvā vyabhicāriṇaḥ samākhyātāḥ
English translation
“The vyabhicārī- bhāvas are as follows:
2.4.7
Sourceतत्र (१) निर्वेदः-- महार्ति-विप्रयोगेर्ष्या-सद्-विवेकादि-कल्पितम् । स्वावमाननम् एवात्र निर्वेद इति कथ्यते । अत्र चिन्ताश्रु-वैवर्ण्य-दैन्य-निःश्वसितादयः
tatra (1) nirvedaḥ-- mahārti-viprayogerṣyā-sad-vivekādi-kalpitam | svāvamānanam evātra nirveda iti kathyate | atra cintāśru-vaivarṇya-dainya-niḥśvasitādayaḥ
English translation
“Self-disgust arising from great sorrow, separation, hatred or worrying about doing what should not be done, or not doing what should be done, is called nirveda . In this state worry, tears, change of color, feeling of lack of qualification (dainyam) and sighing occur.”
2.4.8
Sourceहन्त देह-हतकैः किम् अमीभिः पालितैर् विफल-पुण्य-फलैर् नः । एहि कालिय-ह्रदे विष-वह्नौ स्वं कुटुम्बिनि हठाज् जुहवाम
hanta deha-hatakaiḥ kim amībhiḥ pālitair viphala-puṇya-phalair naḥ | ehi kāliya-hrade viṣa-vahnau svaṃ kuṭumbini haṭhāj juhavāma
English translation
From great sorrow: “O Yaśodā ! What is to be gained from continuing to maintain this sinful, unfortunate body? Come! We will immediately offer our bodies in the lake of Kāliya filled with the fire of poison.”
2.4.9
Sourceअसङ्गमान् माधव-माधुरीणाम् अपुष्पिते नीरसतां प्रयाते । वृन्दावने शीर्यति हा कुतो ऽसौ प्राणित्य् अपुण्यः सुबलो द्विरेफः
asaṅgamān mādhava-mādhurīṇām apuṣpite nīrasatāṃ prayāte | vṛndāvane śīryati hā kuto 'sau prāṇity apuṇyaḥ subalo dvirephaḥ
English translation
From separation: “Without the presence of the sweetness of Mādhava, Vṛndāvan became withered, without charm and devoid of flowers. How does this unfortunate, strong bee continue to live?”
2.4.10
Sourceभवतु माधव-जल्पम् अशृण्वतोः श्रवणयोर् अलम् अश्रवणिर् मम । तम् अविलोकयतोर् अविलोचनिः सखि विलोचनयोश् च किलानयोः
bhavatu mādhava-jalpam aśṛṇvatoḥ śravaṇayor alam aśravaṇir mama | tam avilokayator avilocaniḥ sakhi vilocanayoś ca kilānayoḥ
English translation
From Dāna-keli-kaumudī [20]: “O friend! Without hearing the words of Mādhava, my ears may as well become deaf. Without seeing the form of Mādhava, my eyes may as well become blind.”
2.4.11
Sourceईर्ष्यया, यथा हरि-वंशे (२.६७.११) {*इन् च्रितिचल् एदितिओन्, अप्पेन्दिx २९.} सत्यादेवी-वाक्यम्-- स्तोतव्या यदि तावत् सा नारदेन तवाग्रतः । दुर्भगो ऽयं जनस् तत्र किम् अर्थम् अनुशब्दितः
īrṣyayā, yathā hari-vaṃśe (2.67.11) {*In critical edition, appendix 29.} satyādevī-vākyam-- stotavyā yadi tāvat sā nāradena tavāgrataḥ | durbhago 'yaṃ janas tatra kim artham anuśabditaḥ
English translation
From anger, in the words of Satyabhāmā , from Hari- vaṃśa [2.67.11]: “O Kṛṣṇa ! If Nārada is praising Rukmiṇī in front of You, he is calling upon her a misfortune similar to mine. ”
2.4.12
Sourceममैष कालो ऽजित निष्फलो गतो राज्य-श्रियोन्नद्ध-मदस्य भूपतेः । मर्त्यात्म-बुद्धेः सुत-दार-कोष-भूष्व् आसज्जमानस्य दुरन्त-चिन्तया
mamaiṣa kālo 'jita niṣphalo gato rājya-śriyonnaddha-madasya bhūpateḥ | martyātma-buddheḥ suta-dāra-koṣa-bhūṣv āsajjamānasya duranta-cintayā
English translation
Through discrimination, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.51.47]: “I have wasted all this time, O unconquerable one, becoming more and more intoxicated by my domain and opulence as an earthly king. Misidentifying the mortal body as the self, becoming attached to children, wives, treasury and land, I suffered endless anxiety.”
2.4.13
Sourceअमङ्गलम् अपि प्रोच्य निर्वेदं प्रथमं मुनिः । मेने ऽमुं स्थायिनं शान्त इति जल्पन्ति केचन
amaṅgalam api procya nirvedaṃ prathamaṃ muniḥ | mene 'muṃ sthāyinaṃ śānta iti jalpanti kecana
English translation
“Though it is inauspicious, Bharata Muni has mentioned nirveda as the first vyabhicārī- bhāva , since it is the sthāyi-bhāva for śānta - rasa . This is the opinion of some persons.”
2.4.15
Sourceअत्रोपाय-सहायानुसन्धिश् चिन्ता च रोदनम् । विलाप-श्वास-वैवर्ण्य-मुख-शोषादयो ऽपि च
atropāya-sahāyānusandhiś cintā ca rodanam | vilāpa-śvāsa-vaivarṇya-mukha-śoṣādayo 'pi ca
English translation
Remorse: “Remorse or despair arising from failure to attain one’s desired object, from failure to accomplish a task, from occurrence of a disaster, or from committing an offense is called viṣāda . In this state, there is worry, search for a means of accomplishing, search for assistance, weeping, moaning, heavy breathing, change of color and drying of the mouth.”
2.4.16
Sourceजरां याता मूर्तिर् मम विवशतां वाग् अपि गता मनो-वृत्तिश् चेयं स्मृति-विधुरता-पद्धतिम् अगात् । अघ-ध्वंसिन् दूरे वसतु भवद्-आलोकन-शशी मया हन्त प्राप्तो न भजन-रुचेर् अप्य् अवसरः
jarāṃ yātā mūrtir mama vivaśatāṃ vāg api gatā mano-vṛttiś ceyaṃ smṛti-vidhuratā-paddhatim agāt | agha-dhvaṃsin dūre vasatu bhavad-ālokana-śaśī mayā hanta prāpto na bhajana-rucer apy avasaraḥ
English translation
From not attaining one’s desired object: “O Kṛṣṇa , killer of the Agha demon! My body is afflicted with age, my words are uncontrolled and my mind is without power of memory. What to speak of attaining the moon of bliss on seeing You, I have not even attained the opportunity of desiring to worship You!”
2.4.17
Sourceस्वप्ने मयाद्य कुसुमानि किलाहृतानि यत्नेन तैर् विरचिता वन-मालिका च । यावन् मुकुन्द-हृदि हन्त निधीयते सा हा तावद् एव तरसा विरराम निद्रा
svapne mayādya kusumāni kilāhṛtāni yatnena tair viracitā vana-mālikā ca | yāvan mukunda-hṛdi hanta nidhīyate sā hā tāvad eva tarasā virarāma nidrā
English translation
From failure to accomplish an action: “Today in a dream I was picking flowers and very carefully made a garland from them. But just when I thought of offering it to the heart of Mukunda, my sleep broke.”
2.4.18
Sourceकथम् अनायि पुरे मयका सुतः कथम् असौ न निगृह्य गृहे धृतः । अमुम् अहो बत दन्ति-विधुन्तुदो विधुरितं विधुम् अत्र विधित्सति
katham anāyi pure mayakā sutaḥ katham asau na nigṛhya gṛhe dhṛtaḥ | amum aho bata danti-vidhuntudo vidhuritaṃ vidhum atra vidhitsati
English translation
Remorse arising from impending disaster: “I am so unfortunate! Why did I take my son to Mathurā ? Why did I not forcibly keep Him in my house? In Mathurā the elephant desires to afflict my son just as Rahu desires to afflict the moon.”
2.4.19
Sourceपरात्मनि त्वय्य् अपि मायि-मायिनि मायां वितत्येक्षितुम् आत्म-वैभवं ह्य् अहं कियान् ऐच्छम् इवार्चिर् अग्नौ
parātmani tvayy api māyi-māyini māyāṃ vitatyekṣitum ātma-vaibhavaṃ hy ahaṃ kiyān aiccham ivārcir agnau
English translation
Remorse arising from committing an offense, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.14.9]:
“My Lord, just see my uncivilized impudence! To test Your power I tried to extend my illusory potency to cover You, the unlimited and primeval Supersoul, who bewilder even the masters of illusion. What am I compared to You? I am just like a small spark in the presence of a great fire.”
2.4.20
Sourceयथा वा-- स्यमन्तकम् अहं हृत्वा गतो घोरास्यम् अन्तकम् । करवै तरणीं कां वा क्षिप्तो वैतरणीयम् अनु
yathā vā-- syamantakam ahaṃ hṛtvā gato ghorāsyam antakam | karavai taraṇīṃ kāṃ vā kṣipto vaitaraṇīyam anu
English translation
Another example of remorse arising from committing an offense: “Having stolen the Syamantaka jewel, I have fallen into the mouth of terrible hell. Having fallen into the Vaitaraṇī River, what boat should I use to cross over it?”
2.4.21
Sourceअथ (३) दैन्यम्-- दुःख-त्रासापराधाद्यैर् अनौर्जित्यं तु दीनता । चाटु-कृन्-मान्द्य-मालिन्य-चिन्ताङ्ग-जडिमादि-कृत्
atha (3) dainyam-- duḥkha-trāsāparādhādyair anaurjityaṃ tu dīnatā | cāṭu-kṛn-māndya-mālinya-cintāṅga-jaḍimādi-kṛt
English translation
“Thinking oneself a low creature because of sorrow, fear or offense is called dainyam or dīnatā . In this state there are words of flattery, feebleness of the heart, impurity of the heart, thinking various thoughts and immobility of the limbs.”
2.4.22
Sourceचिरम् इह वृजिनार्तस् तप्यमानो ऽनुतापैर् अवितृष-षड-मित्रो लब्ध-शान्तिः कथङ्चित् । शरणद समुपेतस् त्वत्-पदाब्जं परात्मन्न् अभयम् ऋतम् अशोकं पाहि मापन्नम् ईश
ciram iha vṛjinārtas tapyamāno 'nutāpair avitṛṣa-ṣaḍa-mitro labdha-śāntiḥ kathaṅcit | śaraṇada samupetas tvat-padābjaṃ parātmann abhayam ṛtam aśokaṃ pāhi māpannam īśa
English translation
Humility arising from sorrow, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.51.57]: “For so long I have been pained by troubles in this world and have been burning with lamentation. My six enemies are never satiated, and I can find no peace. Therefore, O giver of shelter, O Supreme Soul, please protect me. O Lord, in the midst of danger I have by good fortune approached Your lotus feet, which are the Absolute Truth and thus make one fearless and free of sorrow.”
2.4.23
Sourceत्रासेन, यथा प्रथमे (१.८.१०) -- अभिद्रवति माम् ईश शरस् तप्तायसो विभो । कामं दहतु मां नाथ मा मे गर्भो निपात्यताम्
trāsena, yathā prathame (1.8.10) -- abhidravati mām īśa śaras taptāyaso vibho | kāmaṃ dahatu māṃ nātha mā me garbho nipātyatām
English translation
Lowness arising from fear, from the First Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [1.8.10]: “O my Lord, You are all-powerful. A fiery iron arrow is coming towards me fast. My Lord, let it burn me personally, if You so desire, but please do not let it burn and abort my embryo. Please do me this favor, my Lord.”
2.4.24
Sourceह्य् अजानतस् त्वत्-पृथगीश-मानिनः अजावलेपान्धतमो ऽन्धचक्षुष एषो ऽनुकम्प्यो मयि नाथवान् इति
hy ajānatas tvat-pṛthagīśa-māninaḥ ajāvalepāndhatamo 'ndhacakṣuṣa eṣo 'nukampyo mayi nāthavān iti
English translation
Lowness arising from committing an offense, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.14.10]:
“Therefore, O infallible Lord, kindly excuse my offenses. I have taken birth in the mode of passion and am therefore simply foolish, presuming myself a controller independent of Your Lordship. My eyes are blinded by the darkness of ignorance, which causes me to think of myself as the unborn creator of the universe. But please consider that I am Your servant and therefore worthy of Your compassion.”
2.4.25
Sourceआद्य-शब्देन लज्जयापि, यथा तत्रैव (१०.२२.१४)-- माऽनयं भोः कृथास् त्वां तु नन्द-गोप-सुतं प्रियम् । जानीमो ऽङ्ग व्रज-श्लाघ्यं देहि वासांसि वेपिताः
ādya-śabdena lajjayāpi, yathā tatraiva (10.22.14)-- mā'nayaṃ bhoḥ kṛthās tvāṃ tu nanda-gopa-sutaṃ priyam | jānīmo 'ṅga vraja-ślāghyaṃ dehi vāsāṃsi vepitāḥ
English translation
The word adya in duḥkha -trāsāparādhādyair [verse 21] indicates that dainyam also arises from shame. This is illustrated in the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.22.14]: “Dear Kṛṣṇa , don't be unfair! We know that You are the respectable son of Nanda and that You are honored by everyone in Vraja . You are also very dear to us. Please give us back our clothes. We are shivering in the cold water.”
2.4.26
Sourceअथ (४) म्लानिः-- ओजः सोमात्मकं देहे बल-पुष्टि-कृद् अस्य तु । क्षयाच्छम् आधि-रत्य्-आद्यैर् ग्लानिर् निष्प्राणता मता । कम्पाङ्ग-जाड्य-वैवर्ण्य-कार्श्य-दृग्-भ्रमणादि-कृत्
atha (4) mlāniḥ-- ojaḥ somātmakaṃ dehe bala-puṣṭi-kṛd asya tu | kṣayāccham ādhi-raty-ādyair glānir niṣprāṇatā matā | kampāṅga-jāḍya-vaivarṇya-kārśya-dṛg-bhramaṇādi-kṛt
English translation
“ Ojas , whose ruling deity is the moon, produces strength and nourishment in the body. When it decreases by physical exertion, mental anxiety or the sexual act, the weakened state is called glāni or mlāni . In the state of glāni or languishing there is trembling, indecision, change of color, becoming thin and throwing glances here and there.”
2.4.27
Sourceआघूर्णन्-मणि-वलयोज्ज्वल-प्रकोष्ठा गोष्ठान्तर्-मधुरिपु-कीर्ति-नर्तितौष्ठी । लोलाक्षी दधि-कलसं विलोडयन्ती कृष्णाय क्लम-भर-निःस्पृहा बभूव
āghūrṇan-maṇi-valayojjvala-prakoṣṭhā goṣṭhāntar-madhuripu-kīrti-nartitauṣṭhī | lolākṣī dadhi-kalasaṃ viloḍayantī kṛṣṇāya klama-bhara-niḥspṛhā babhūva
English translation
“Once Rādhā was churning yogurt for Kṛṣṇa . At that time the jewel-studded bracelet on Her hand began to shake. Her lips began to sing the glories of Kṛṣṇa living in Vraja . Her eyes began to move about in fear of Her elders. Churning the yogurt in this way, She became extremely tired, and could not move Her limbs.”
2.4.28
Sourceगुम्फितुं निरुपमां वन-स्रजं चारु पुष्प-पटलं विचिन्वती । दुर्गमे क्लम-भरातिदुर्बला कानने क्षणम् अभून् मृगेक्षणा
gumphituṃ nirupamāṃ vana-srajaṃ cāru puṣpa-paṭalaṃ vicinvatī | durgame klama-bharātidurbalā kānane kṣaṇam abhūn mṛgekṣaṇā
English translation
Another example: “To string an incomparable garland for Kṛṣṇa , doe-eyed Rādhā went into an inaccessible forest. While picking the beautiful flowers, for a few moments She became very weak due to exhaustion.”
2.4.29
Sourceसा रस-व्यतिकरेण विहीना क्षीण-जीवनतयोच्चल-हंसा । माधवाद्य विरहेण तवाम्बा शुष्यति स्म सरसी शुचिनेव
sā rasa-vyatikareṇa vihīnā kṣīṇa-jīvanatayoccala-haṃsā | mādhavādya viraheṇa tavāmbā śuṣyati sma sarasī śucineva
English translation
Fatigue due to mental anxiety: “Because of the summer’s heat, the lake dries up and becomes devoid of lotuses and water birds. O Mādhava ! In a similar way, Your mother Yaśoda, devoid of happiness, has become weakened in separation. Her soul has departed and her body is withering away.”
2.4.30
Sourceअति-प्रयत्नेन रतान्त-तान्ता कृष्णेन तल्पावरोपिता सा । आलम्ब्य तस्यैव करं करेण ज्योत्स्ना-कृतानन्दम् अलिन्दम् आप
ati-prayatnena ratānta-tāntā kṛṣṇena talpāvaropitā sā | ālambya tasyaiva karaṃ kareṇa jyotsnā-kṛtānandam alindam āpa
English translation
Fatigue arising from amorous activities, from Rasa-sadhākara: “At the conclusion of amorous activities, Kṛṣṇa raised Rādhā very carefully from the bed. Rādhā then held His hand and came to the veranda of the house, shining in the moonlight.”
2.4.31
Sourceअथ (५) श्रमः-- अध्व-नृत्य-रताद्य्-उत्थः खेदः श्रम इतीर्यते । निद्रा-स्वेदाङ्ग-संमर्द-जृम्भाश्वासादि-भाग् असौ
atha (5) śramaḥ-- adhva-nṛtya-ratādy-utthaḥ khedaḥ śrama itīryate | nidrā-svedāṅga-saṃmarda-jṛmbhāśvāsādi-bhāg asau
English translation
“Fatigue arising from losing the way, dancing or amorous activities is called śrama . In this state, sleep, perspiration, rubbing the body, yawning and heavy breathing appear.”
2.4.32
Sourceकृतागसं पुत्रम् अनुव्रजन्ती व्रजाजिरान्तर् व्रज-राज-राज्ञी । परिस्खलत्-कुन्तल-बन्धनेयं बभूव घर्माम्बु-करम्बिताङ्गी
kṛtāgasaṃ putram anuvrajantī vrajājirāntar vraja-rāja-rājñī | pariskhalat-kuntala-bandhaneyaṃ babhūva gharmāmbu-karambitāṅgī
English translation
Fatigue from losing the way: “When Kṛṣṇa offended His mother and fled away, she pursued her son in Vraja . Her hair became unbound and she began to perspire.”
2.4.33
Sourceविस्तीर्योत्तरलित-हारम् अङ्ग-हारं सङ्गीतोन्मुख-मुखरैर् वृतः सुहृद्भिः । अस्विद्यद् विरचित-नन्द-सूनुर् वा कुर्वाणस् तट-भुवि ताण्डवानि रामः
vistīryottaralita-hāram aṅga-hāraṃ saṅgītonmukha-mukharair vṛtaḥ suhṛdbhiḥ | asvidyad viracita-nanda-sūnur vā kurvāṇas taṭa-bhuvi tāṇḍavāni rāmaḥ
English translation
From dancing: “At a festival performed for Kṛṣṇa , Baladeva , surrounded by His singing friends on the bank of the Yamunā , began to dance, moving His body about while His pearl necklace shook. His body became covered in perspiration.”
2.4.34
Sourceरताद्, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.३३.२०)-- तासाम् अतिविहारेण श्रान्तानां वदनानि सः । प्रामृजत् करुणः प्रेम्णा शन्तमेनाङ्ग पाणिना
ratād, yathā śrī-daśame (10.33.20)-- tāsām ativihāreṇa śrāntānāṃ vadanāni saḥ | prāmṛjat karuṇaḥ premṇā śantamenāṅga pāṇinā
English translation
From amorous actions, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.33.20]: “Seeing that the gopīs were fatigued from conjugal enjoyment, my dear King, merciful Kṛṣṇa lovingly wiped their faces with His comforting hand.”
2.4.35
Sourceअथ (६) मदः-- विवेक-हर उल्लासो मदः स द्वि-विधो मतः । मधु-पान-भवो ऽनङ्ग-विक्रिया-भर-जो ऽपि च । गत्य्-अङ्ग-वाणी-स्खलन-दृग्-घूर्णा-रक्तिमादि-कृत्
atha (6) madaḥ-- viveka-hara ullāso madaḥ sa dvi-vidho mataḥ | madhu-pāna-bhavo 'naṅga-vikriyā-bhara-jo 'pi ca | gaty-aṅga-vāṇī-skhalana-dṛg-ghūrṇā-raktimādi-kṛt
English translation
“Rapture that destroys all sense of discriminating power is called mada . There are two types: arising from intoxication and arising from extreme transformations due to love. In this state there is stumbling while walking,
uncoordinated movement of the limbs, and uncoordinated speaking. The eyes roll, and the face becomes red.”
2.4.36
Sourceबिले क्व नु विलिल्यिरे नृप-पिपीलिकाः पीडिताः पिनस्मि जगद्-अण्डकं ननु हरिः क्रुधं धास्यति । शची-गृह-कुरङ्ग रे हससि किं त्वम् इत्य् उन्नदन्न् उदेति मद-डम्बर-स्खलित-चूडम् अग्रे हली
bile kva nu vililyire nṛpa-pipīlikāḥ pīḍitāḥ pinasmi jagad-aṇḍakaṃ nanu hariḥ krudhaṃ dhāsyati | śacī-gṛha-kuraṅga re hasasi kiṃ tvam ity unnadann udeti mada-ḍambara-skhalita-cūḍam agre halī
English translation
Rapture from intoxication, from Lalita- mādhava [5.41]: “ Baladeva arrived with disheveled hair, fully intoxicated with liquor. He began to shout, ‘The ant-like kings, being defeated, are hiding in some hole. I will smash the whole universe. O Indra , plaything of Śacī! Why are you laughing?”
2.4.37
Sourceभ-भ-भ्रमति मेदिनी ल-ल-लन्दते चन्द्रमाः कृ-कृष्ण ववद द्रुतं ह-ह-हसन्ति किं वृष्णयः । सिसीधु मु-मु-मुञ्च मे प-प-प-पान-पात्रे स्थितः मद-स्खलितम् आलपन् हल-धरः श्रियः वः क्रियात्
bha-bha-bhramati medinī la-la-landate candramāḥ kṛ-kṛṣṇa vavada drutaṃ ha-ha-hasanti kiṃ vṛṣṇayaḥ | sisīdhu mu-mu-muñca me pa-pa-pa-pāna-pātre sthitaḥ mada-skhalitam ālapan hala-dharaḥ śriyaḥ vaḥ kriyāt
English translation
Another example of intoxication, from a traditional work: “ ‘O Kṛṣṇa ! Tell me immediately! Is the earth swerving? Is the moon wobbling? O Yadus, why are you laughing? Give Me some wine in a glass!’ Balarāma stuttered, speaking in this way while sitting in His house. May that Balarāma give you blessings!”
2.4.38
Sourceउत्तमस् तु मदाच् छेते मध्यो हसति पायति । कनिष्ठः क्रोशति स्वैरं पुरुषं वक्ति रोदिति
uttamas tu madāc chete madhyo hasati pāyati | kaniṣṭhaḥ krośati svairaṃ puruṣaṃ vakti roditi
English translation
“When a person becomes intoxicated with liquor, the superior person falls asleep. The second-class person laughs and sings. The third-class person shouts, uses rough words and weeps.”
2.4.39
Sourceमदो ऽपि त्रि-विधः प्रोक्तस् तरुणादि-प्रभेदतः । अत्र नात्युपयोगित्वाद् विस्तार्य न हि वर्णितः
mado 'pi tri-vidhaḥ proktas taruṇādi-prabhedataḥ | atra nātyupayogitvād vistārya na hi varṇitaḥ
English translation
“There are three types of intoxication according to the stage of intoxication. However these will not be discussed in this work as they are not very useful to the topic.”
2.4.40
Sourceव्रजपति-सुतम् अग्रे विक्ष्य भुग्नीभवद्-भ्रूर् भ्रमति हसति रोदित्य् आस्यम् अन्तर्दधाति । प्रलपति मुहुर् आलीं वन्दते पश्य वृन्दे नव-मदन-मदान्धा हन्त गान्धर्विकेयम्
vrajapati-sutam agre vikṣya bhugnībhavad-bhrūr bhramati hasati rodity āsyam antardadhāti | pralapati muhur ālīṃ vandate paśya vṛnde nava-madana-madāndhā hanta gāndharvikeyam
English translation
Rapture arising from love: “O Vṛndā! See this astonishing thing! Rādhā , in the rapture of new love, gazing at Kṛṣṇa in front of Her, sometimes frowns, sometimes wanders about, sometimes laughs, sometimes weeps, sometimes covers Her face, sometimes prattles and sometimes repeatedly offers respects to Her friends.”
2.4.41
Sourceअथ (७) गर्वः-- सौभाग्य-रूप-तारुण्य-गुण-सर्वोत्तमाश्रयैः । इष्ट-लाभादिना चान्य-हेलनं गर्व ईर्यते
atha (7) garvaḥ-- saubhāgya-rūpa-tāruṇya-guṇa-sarvottamāśrayaiḥ | iṣṭa-lābhādinā cānya-helanaṃ garva īryate
English translation
“Treating others with contempt due to one’s own good fortune, due to youthful beauty, due to one’s good qualities, due to taking shelter of the Lord or sue to attaining one’s object of love, is called garva or haughtiness.”
2.4.42
Sourceअत्र सोल्लुण्ठ-वचनं लीलानुत्तर-दायिता । स्वाङ्गेक्षा निह्नवो ऽन्यस्य वचनाश्रवणादयः
atra solluṇṭha-vacanaṃ līlānuttara-dāyitā | svāṅgekṣā nihnavo 'nyasya vacanāśravaṇādayaḥ
English translation
“In this state there are joking words, not giving answers by one’s own choice, showing off one’s body, concealing one’s intentions and not hearing others’ words.”
2.4.43
Sourceतत्र सौभाग्येन, यथा श्री-कृष्ण-कर्णामृते (३.९३)-- हस्तम् उत्क्षिप्य यातो ऽसि बलात् कृष्ण किम् अद्भुतम् । हृदयाद् यदि निर्यासि पौरुषं गणयामि ते
tatra saubhāgyena, yathā śrī-kṛṣṇa-karṇāmṛte (3.93)-- hastam utkṣipya yāto 'si balāt kṛṣṇa kim adbhutam | hṛdayād yadi niryāsi pauruṣaṃ gaṇayāmi te
English translation
Haughtiness from good fortune, from Kṛṣṇa-karṇāmṛta:
“O Kṛṣṇa! Is it really astonishing if You can give up holding My hand? I will consider You a real man if You take take Yourself from My heart.”
2.4.44
Sourceयस्याः स्वभाव-मधुरां परिषेव्य मूर्तिं धन्या बभूव नितराम् अपि यौवन-श्रीः । सेयं त्वयि व्रज-वधू-शत-भुक्त-मुक्ते दृक्-पातम् आचरतु कृष्ण कथं सखी मे
yasyāḥ svabhāva-madhurāṃ pariṣevya mūrtiṃ dhanyā babhūva nitarām api yauvana-śrīḥ | seyaṃ tvayi vraja-vadhū-śata-bhukta-mukte dṛk-pātam ācaratu kṛṣṇa kathaṃ sakhī me
English translation
Haughtiness arising from beauty: “Endowed with the beauty of youth, my friend Rādhā is fortunate, having taken shelter of the form of natural sweetness. How can She glance at You, who have enjoyed hundreds of women of Vraja and then abandoned them?”
2.4.45
Sourceगुम्फन्तु गोपाः कुसुमैः सुगन्धिभिर् दामानि कामं धृत-रामणीयकैः । निधास्यते किन्तु स-तृष्णम् अग्रतः कृष्णो मदीयां हृदि विस्मितः स्रजम्
gumphantu gopāḥ kusumaiḥ sugandhibhir dāmāni kāmaṃ dhṛta-rāmaṇīyakaiḥ | nidhāsyate kintu sa-tṛṣṇam agrataḥ kṛṣṇo madīyāṃ hṛdi vismitaḥ srajam
English translation
Haughtiness arising from good qualities: “The cowherd boys can make unlimited garlands of the most beautiful fragrant flowers. But Kṛṣṇa will eagerly hold My garland over His heart, showing great astonishment at the skill in its making.”
2.4.46
Sourceभ्रश्यन्ति मार्गात् त्वयि बद्ध-सौहृदाः त्वयाभिगुप्ता विचरन्ति निर्भया विनायकानीकप-मूर्धसु प्रभो
bhraśyanti mārgāt tvayi baddha-sauhṛdāḥ tvayābhiguptā vicaranti nirbhayā vināyakānīkapa-mūrdhasu prabho
English translation
From taking shelter of the Lord, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.2.33]: “O Mādhava, Supreme Personality of Godhead, Lord of the goddess of fortune, if devotees completely in love with You sometimes fall from the path of devotion, they do not fall like nondevotees, for You still protect them. Thus
they fearlessly traverse the heads of their opponents and continue to progress in devotional service.”
2.4.47
Sourceवृन्दावनेन्द्र भवतः परमं प्रसादम् आसाद्य नन्दित-मतिर् मुहुर् उद्धतो ऽस्मि । आशंसते मुनि-मनोरथ-वृत्ति-मृग्यां वैकुण्ठ-नाथ-करुणाम् अपि नाद्य चेतः
vṛndāvanendra bhavataḥ paramaṃ prasādam āsādya nandita-matir muhur uddhato 'smi | āśaṃsate muni-manoratha-vṛtti-mṛgyāṃ vaikuṇṭha-nātha-karuṇām api nādya cetaḥ
English translation
Haughtiness from attaining one’s desired object: “O moon of Vṛndāvan! Receiving Your excellent mercy, in great bliss, I have become proud. Today my heart does not even desire the mercy of the Lord of Vaikuṇṭha which is sought by the sages.”
2.4.48
Sourceअथ (८) शङ्का-- स्वीय-चौर्यापराधादेः पर-क्रौर्यादितस् तथा । स्वानिष्टोत्प्रेक्षणं यत् तु सा शङ्केत्य् अभिधीयते । अत्रास्य-शोष-वैवर्ण्य-दिक्-प्रेक्षा-लीनतादयः
atha (8) śaṅkā-- svīya-cauryāparādhādeḥ para-krauryāditas tathā | svāniṣṭotprekṣaṇaṃ yat tu sā śaṅkety abhidhīyate | atrāsya-śoṣa-vaivarṇya-dik-prekṣā-līnatādayaḥ
English translation
“Apprehension due to committing theft, offense or others’ cruelty is called śaṅkā . In this state there is drying of the mouth, change of complexion, glancing in all directions and hiding oneself.”
2.4.49
Sourceस-तर्णकं डिम्भ-कदम्बकं हरन् स-दम्भम् अम्भोरुह-सम्भवस् तदा । तिरोभविष्यन् हरितश् चलेक्षणैर् अष्टाभिर् अष्टौ हरितः समीक्षते
sa-tarṇakaṃ ḍimbha-kadambakaṃ haran sa-dambham ambhoruha-sambhavas tadā | tirobhaviṣyan haritaś calekṣaṇair aṣṭābhir aṣṭau haritaḥ samīkṣate
English translation
Apprehension from theft: “After stealing the calves and cowherd boys out of pride, Brahmā desiring to disappear from Kṛṣṇa ’s presence, out of great apprehension glanced with his eight eyes in the eight directions.”
2.4.50
Sourceस्यमन्तकं हन्त वमन्तम् अर्थं निह्नुत्य दूरे यद् अहं प्रयातः । अवद्यम् अद्यापि तद् एव कर्म शर्माणि चित्ते मम निर्भिनत्ति
syamantakaṃ hanta vamantam arthaṃ nihnutya dūre yad ahaṃ prayātaḥ | avadyam adyāpi tad eva karma śarmāṇi citte mama nirbhinatti
English translation
Another example: “ Akrura thought, ‘I have hidden the Syamantaka jewel which gives wealth, and fled away. In anxiety because of this despicable act, until today, happiness has disappeared from my heart.’ ”
2.4.51
Sourceतद्-अवधि मलिनो ऽसि नन्द-गोष्ठे यद्-अवधि वृष्टिम् अचीकरः शचीश । शृणु हितम् अभितः प्रपद्य कृष्णं श्रियम् अविशङ्कम् अलङ्कुरु त्वम् ऐन्द्रीम्
tad-avadhi malino 'si nanda-goṣṭhe yad-avadhi vṛṣṭim acīkaraḥ śacīśa | śṛṇu hitam abhitaḥ prapadya kṛṣṇaṃ śriyam aviśaṅkam alaṅkuru tvam aindrīm
English translation
Apprehension from offense: “O Indra ! As long as you pour rain upon Nanda’s fields, you will be despondent. Listen as I tell you something for your benefit: You will enjoy full powers as Indra without apprehension in your heart by surrendering completely to Kṛṣṇa ’s lotus feet.”
2.4.52
Sourceप्रथयति न तथा ममार्तिम् उच्चैः सहचरि वल्लव-चन्द्र-विप्रयोगः । कटुभिर् असुर-मण्डलैः परीते दनुजपतेर् नगरे यथास्य वासः
prathayati na tathā mamārtim uccaiḥ sahacari vallava-candra-viprayogaḥ | kaṭubhir asura-maṇḍalaiḥ parīte danujapater nagare yathāsya vāsaḥ
English translation
Apprehension on seeing others’ cruelty, from Padyāvalī [331]: “O friend! Thinking of Kṛṣṇa living in Mathurā surrounded by the ferocious demons of Kaṃsa , I am deeply afflicted. In the same way I feel affliction in separation from Kṛṣṇa.”
2.4.53
Sourceशङ्का तु प्रवर-स्त्रीणां भीरुत्वाद् भय-कृद् भवेत्
śaṅkā tu pravara-strīṇāṃ bhīrutvād bhaya-kṛd bhavet
English translation
“This apprehension ( śaṅkā ) becomes fear ( bhaya ) in the best of women, because they have a timid nature.”
2.4.54
Sourceअथ (९) त्रासः-- त्रासः क्षोभो हृदि तडिद्-घोर-सत्त्वोग्र-निस्वनैः । पार्श्वस्थालम्ब-रोमाञ्च-कम्प-स्तम्भ-भ्रमादि-कृत्
atha (9) trāsaḥ-- trāsaḥ kṣobho hṛdi taḍid-ghora-sattvogra-nisvanaiḥ | pārśvasthālamba-romāñca-kampa-stambha-bhramādi-kṛt
English translation
“The disturbance arising in the heart from lightning, fearful creatures or a loud sound is called trāsa (terror). In this state a person grasps nearby objects for support, his hairs stand on end, he quivers, becomes paralyzed and wanders about.”
2.4.55
Sourceतत्र तडिता, यथा-- बाढं निविडया सद्यस् तडिता ताडितेक्षणः । रक्ष कृष्णेति चुक्रोश को ऽपि गोपी-स्तनन्धयः
tatra taḍitā, yathā-- bāḍhaṃ niviḍayā sadyas taḍitā tāḍitekṣaṇaḥ | rakṣa kṛṣṇeti cukrośa ko 'pi gopī-stanandhayaḥ
English translation
Terror from lightning: “When the eyes of the cowherd boys became pained by the flashing of lightning, they began to shout, ‘O Kṛṣṇa , please protect us!’ ”
2.4.56
Sourceअदूरम् आसेदुषि वल्लवाङ्गना स्वं पुङ्गवीकृत्य सुरारि-पुङ्गवे । कृष्ण-भ्रमेणाशु तरङ्गद्-अङ्गिका तमालम् आलिङ्ग्य बभूव निश्चला
adūram āseduṣi vallavāṅganā svaṃ puṅgavīkṛtya surāri-puṅgave | kṛṣṇa-bhrameṇāśu taraṅgad-aṅgikā tamālam āliṅgya babhūva niścalā
English translation
Terror from ferocious beasts: “When Vṛṣāsura approached, taking the form of a bull, some of the gopīs began to tremble. Suddenly embracing a tamāla tree, mistaking it for Kṛṣṇa, they could not move.”
2.4.57
Sourceआकर्ण्य कर्ण-पदवी-विपदं यशोदा विस्फूर्जितं दिशि दिशि प्रकटं वृकाणाम् । यामान् निकाम-चतुरा चतुरः स्व-पुत्रं सा नेत्र-चत्वर-चरं चिरम् आचचार
ākarṇya karṇa-padavī-vipadaṃ yaśodā visphūrjitaṃ diśi diśi prakaṭaṃ vṛkāṇām | yāmān nikāma-caturā caturaḥ sva-putraṃ sā netra-catvara-caraṃ ciram ācacāra
English translation
Terror arising from frightening sounds: “When the very wise Yaśodā heard the terrifying howling of wolves echoing in all directions, which gave pain to the ears, she kept Kṛṣṇa continually within her vision for some days.”
2.4.58
Sourceगात्रोत्कम्पी मनः-कम्पः सहसा त्रास उच्यते । पूर्वापर-विचारोत्थं भयं त्रासात् पृथग् भवेत्
gātrotkampī manaḥ-kampaḥ sahasā trāsa ucyate | pūrvāpara-vicārotthaṃ bhayaṃ trāsāt pṛthag bhavet
English translation
“Disturbance of the heart that suddenly produces shaking of the limbs is called trāsa . This is different from fear. Fear arises after deliberating on previous and subsequent events.”
2.4.59
Sourceअथ (१०) आवेगः-- चित्तस्य सम्भ्रमो यः स्याद् आवेगो ऽयं स चाष्टधा । प्रियाप्रियानल-मरुद्-वर्षोत्पात-गजारितः
atha (10) āvegaḥ-- cittasya sambhramo yaḥ syād āvego 'yaṃ sa cāṣṭadhā | priyāpriyānala-marud-varṣotpāta-gajāritaḥ
English translation
“Confusion of the mind is called āvega . It is of eight types, arising from dear things, detested objects, fire, wind, rain, calamity, elephants or enemies.”
2.4.60
Sourceप्रियोत्थे पुलकः सान्त्वं चापल्याभ्युद्गमादयः । अप्रियोत्थे तु भू-पात-विक्रोश-भ्रमणादयः
priyotthe pulakaḥ sāntvaṃ cāpalyābhyudgamādayaḥ | apriyotthe tu bhū-pāta-vikrośa-bhramaṇādayaḥ
English translation
“In āvega arising from dear objects, standing of the hair on end, words of affection, fickleness and rising to one’s feet appear. In āvega arising from detested objects, falling on the ground, shouting and wandering about appear.”
2.4.61
Sourceव्यत्यस्त-गति-कम्पाक्षि-मीलनास्रादयो ऽग्निजे । वातजे ऽजावृति-क्षिप्र-गति-दृङ्-मार्जनादयः
vyatyasta-gati-kampākṣi-mīlanāsrādayo 'gnije | vātaje 'jāvṛti-kṣipra-gati-dṛṅ-mārjanādayaḥ
English translation
“In āvega arising from fire, the actions are retreating, shaking of the body, closing the eyes and tears. In āvega from wind, the actions are covering the body, walking swiftly and rubbing the eyes.”
2.4.62
Sourceवृष्टिजो धावन-च्छत्र-गात्र-सङ्कोचनादि-कृत् । औत्पाते मुख-वैवर्ण्य-विस्मयो ऽकण्ठितादयः
vṛṣṭijo dhāvana-cchatra-gātra-saṅkocanādi-kṛt | autpāte mukha-vaivarṇya-vismayo 'kaṇṭhitādayaḥ
English translation
“In āvega arising from rain, the actions are running, holding an umbrella and crouching down. In āvega arising from calamity, the actions are discoloration of the face, astonishment and strong shaking of the body.”
2.4.63
Sourceगाजे पलायनोत्कम्प-त्रास-पृष्ठेक्षणादयः । अरिजो वर्म-शस्त्रादि-ग्रहापसरणादिकृत्
gāje palāyanotkampa-trāsa-pṛṣṭhekṣaṇādayaḥ | arijo varma-śastrādi-grahāpasaraṇādikṛt
English translation
“In āvega from elephants, the actions are fleeing, strong shaking, trāsa and looking behind. In āvega arising from enemies, the actions are taking up armor and weapons, abandoning one’s house and going elsewhere.”
2.4.64
Sourceअत्र प्रिय-दर्शनजो, यथा-- प्रेक्ष्य वृन्दावनात् पुत्रम् आयान्तं प्रस्नुत-स्तनी । सङ्कुला पुलकैर् आसीद् आकुला गोकुलेश्वरी
atra priya-darśanajo, yathā-- prekṣya vṛndāvanāt putram āyāntaṃ prasnuta-stanī | saṅkulā pulakair āsīd ākulā gokuleśvarī
English translation
“When Yaśodā the queen of Gokula saw Kṛṣṇa returning from the forest of Vṛndāvan, her hair stood on end. She became perplexed and milk began to flow from her breasts.”
2.4.65
Sourceप्रिय-श्रवणजो, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.२३.१८)-- श्रुत्वाच्युतम् उपायातं नित्यं तद्-दर्शनोत्सुकाः । तत्-कथाक्षिप्त-मनसो बभूवुर् जात-सम्भ्रमाः
priya-śravaṇajo, yathā śrī-daśame (10.23.18)-- śrutvācyutam upāyātaṃ nityaṃ tad-darśanotsukāḥ | tat-kathākṣipta-manaso babhūvur jāta-sambhramāḥ
English translation
Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.23.18]: “The wives of the brāhmaṇas were always eager to see Kṛṣṇa , for their minds had been enchanted by descriptions of Him. Thus as soon as they heard that He had come, they became very excited.”
2.4.66
Sourceकिम् इदं किम् इदं किम् एतद् उच्चैर् इति घोर-ध्वनि-घूर्णिता लपन्ती । निशि वक्षति वीक्ष्य पूतनायास् तनयं भ्राम्यति सम्भ्रमाद् यशोदा
kim idaṃ kim idaṃ kim etad uccair iti ghora-dhvani-ghūrṇitā lapantī | niśi vakṣati vīkṣya pūtanāyās tanayaṃ bhrāmyati sambhramād yaśodā
English translation
From seeing something detestable: “Hearing a terrifying sound and seeing Kṛṣṇa on the chest of Pūtanā during a dream, Yaśodā wailed in a loud voice, ‘What is this? What is this?’ She began wandering about in confusion.”
2.4.67
Sourceनिशम्य पुत्रं क्रटतोस् तटान्ते महीजयोर् मध्यगम् ऊर्ध्व-नेत्रा । आभीर-राज्ञी हृदि सम्भ्रमेण बिद्धा विधेयं न विदाञ्चकार
niśamya putraṃ kraṭatos taṭānte mahījayor madhyagam ūrdhva-netrā | ābhīra-rājñī hṛdi sambhrameṇa biddhā vidheyaṃ na vidāñcakāra
English translation
Hearing something detestable: “Hearing the Kṛṣṇa was situated between two Arjuna trees on the bank of the Yamunā , Yaśoda with eyes turned upwards, became struck with confusion and could not decide what to do.”
2.4.68
Sourceधीर् व्यग्राजनि नः समस्त-सुहृदां तां प्राण-रक्षा-मणिं गव्या गौरवतः समीक्ष्य निविडे तिष्ठन्तम् अन्तर्-वने । वह्निः पश्य शिखण्ड-शेखर खरं मुञ्चन्न् अखण्ड-ध्वनिं दीर्घाभिः सुर-दीर्घिकाम्बु-लहरीम् अर्चिभिर् आचामति
dhīr vyagrājani naḥ samasta-suhṛdāṃ tāṃ prāṇa-rakṣā-maṇiṃ gavyā gauravataḥ samīkṣya niviḍe tiṣṭhantam antar-vane | vahniḥ paśya śikhaṇḍa-śekhara kharaṃ muñcann akhaṇḍa-dhvaniṃ dīrghābhiḥ sura-dīrghikāmbu-laharīm arcibhir ācāmati
English translation
Āvega arising from fire: “O Kṛṣṇa with peacock feather! See the fire making a constantly ferocious sound. It is touching the Mandākinī River of Svarga with its long flames, as if sipping its waters. You are the jewel that protects the life of Your friends. Seeing You standing in the midst of the deep forest to protect the cows, our hearts have become bewildered.”
2.4.69
Sourceपांशु-प्रारब्ध-केतौ बृहद्-अटवि-कुटोन्माथि-शौटीर्य-पुञ्जे भाण्डीरोद्दण्ड-शाखा-भुज-ततिषु गते ताण्डवाचार्य-चर्याम् । वात-व्राते करीषङ्-कषतर-शिखरे शार्करे झात्करिष्णौ क्षौण्याम् अप्रेक्ष्य पुत्रं व्रजपति-गृहिणी पश्य सम्बम्भ्रमीति
pāṃśu-prārabdha-ketau bṛhad-aṭavi-kuṭonmāthi-śauṭīrya-puñje bhāṇḍīroddaṇḍa-śākhā-bhuja-tatiṣu gate tāṇḍavācārya-caryām | vāta-vrāte karīṣaṅ-kaṣatara-śikhare śārkare jhātkariṣṇau kṣauṇyām aprekṣya putraṃ vrajapati-gṛhiṇī paśya sambambhramīti
English translation
Āvega arising from wind: “When Tṛṇāvarta , making a terrifying sound, endowed with great strength to uproot large forest trees, spreading clouds of dust, carrying cow dung, dust, grass and stones, began to sway the branches of the Bhāṇḍira tree, Yaśodā , the wife of Nanda , not seeing her son Kṛṣṇa on the ground, was overcome with great confusion.”
2.4.70
Sourceवर्षजो, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.२५.११)-- अत्यासारातिवातेन पशवो जात-वेपनाः । गोपा गोप्यश् च शीतार्ता गोविन्दं शरणं ययुः
varṣajo, yathā śrī-daśame (10.25.11)-- atyāsārātivātena paśavo jāta-vepanāḥ | gopā gopyaś ca śītārtā govindaṃ śaraṇaṃ yayuḥ
English translation
Āvega arising from rain, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.25.11]: “The cows and other animals, shivering from the excessive rain and wind, and the cowherd men and ladies, pained by the cold, all approached Lord Govinda for shelter.”
2.4.71
Sourceसमम् उरु-करकाभिर् दन्ति-शुण्डा-सपिण्डाः प्रतिदिशम् इह गोष्ठे वृष्टि-धाराः पतन्ति । अजनिषत युवानो ऽप्य् आकुलास् त्वं तु बालः स्फुटम् असि तद्-अगारान् मा स्म भूर् निर्यियासुः
samam uru-karakābhir danti-śuṇḍā-sapiṇḍāḥ pratidiśam iha goṣṭhe vṛṣṭi-dhārāḥ patanti | ajaniṣata yuvāno 'py ākulās tvaṃ tu bālaḥ sphuṭam asi tad-agārān mā sma bhūr niryiyāsuḥ
English translation
Another example: “Showers of rain and hail are falling profusely like juice from the foreheads of elephants. The young men have become confused. You are just a boy; therefore do not try to go out of the house.”
2.4.72
Sourceक्षितिर् अतिविपुला टलत्य् अकस्माद् उपरि घुरन्ति च हन्त घोरम् उल्काः । मम शिशुर् अहि-दूषितार्क-पुत्री- तटम् अटतीत्य् अधुना किम् अत्र कुर्याम्
kṣitir ativipulā ṭalaty akasmād upari ghuranti ca hanta ghoram ulkāḥ | mama śiśur ahi-dūṣitārka-putrī- taṭam aṭatīty adhunā kim atra kuryām
English translation
Āvega resulting from calamity: “Becoming perplexed, Yaśodā said, ‘The broad earth is suddenly shaking. Meteors are making a terrifying sound in the sky. My young boy has just now gone to the shore of the Yamunā contaminated with poison. What should I do?’ ”
2.4.73
Sourceअपसरापसर त्वरया गुरुर् मुदिर-सुन्दर हे पुरतः करी । म्रदिम-वीक्षणतस् तव नश् चलं हृदयम् आविजते पुर-योषिताम्
apasarāpasara tvarayā gurur mudira-sundara he purataḥ karī | mradima-vīkṣaṇatas tava naś calaṃ hṛdayam āvijate pura-yoṣitām
English translation
Āvega arising from elephants: “O Śyāmasundara! Flee quickly! Flee quickly! There is a terrifying elephant in front of You. Because of Your sweet glances, the hearts of us fickle Mathurā women have become completely disturbed.”
2.4.74
Sourceगजेन दुष्ट-सत्त्वो ऽन्यः पश्व्-आदिर् उपलक्ष्यते
gajena duṣṭa-sattvo 'nyaḥ paśv-ādir upalakṣyate
English translation
“By mentioning elephants, other wicked animals such as horses should be understood as well.”
2.4.75
Sourceचण्डांशोस् तुरगान् सटाग्र-नटनैर् आहत्य विद्रावयन् द्राग् अन्धङ्करणः सुरेन्द्र-सुदृशां गोष्ठोद्धूतैः पांशुभिः । प्रत्यासीदतु मत्-पुरः सुर-रिपुर् गर्वान्धम् अर्वाकृतिर् द्रगिष्ठे मुहुर् अत्र जाग्रति भुजे व्यग्रासि मातः कथम्
caṇḍāṃśos turagān saṭāgra-naṭanair āhatya vidrāvayan drāg andhaṅkaraṇaḥ surendra-sudṛśāṃ goṣṭhoddhūtaiḥ pāṃśubhiḥ | pratyāsīdatu mat-puraḥ sura-ripur garvāndham arvākṛtir dragiṣṭhe muhur atra jāgrati bhuje vyagrāsi mātaḥ katham
English translation
Another example: “O mother! The horse demon Keśī blinds the heavenly damsels of Indra by raising the dust in the stables with his hooves. By shaking his mane he whips the horses pulling the chariot of the sun and makes them flee away. But let that demon horse come towards Me! My long arm is ready for him! Why are you so disturbed?”
2.4.76
Sourceस्थूलस् ताल-भुजान् नतिर् गिरितटी-वक्षाः क्व यक्षाधमः क्वायं बाल-तमाल-कन्दल-मृदुः कन्दर्प-कान्तः शिशुः । नास्त्य् अन्यः सह-कारिता-पटुर् इह प्राणी न जानीमहे हा गोष्ठेश्वरि कीदृग् अद्य तपसां पाकस् तवोन्मीलति
sthūlas tāla-bhujān natir giritaṭī-vakṣāḥ kva yakṣādhamaḥ kvāyaṃ bāla-tamāla-kandala-mṛduḥ kandarpa-kāntaḥ śiśuḥ | nāsty anyaḥ saha-kāritā-paṭur iha prāṇī na jānīmahe hā goṣṭheśvari kīdṛg adya tapasāṃ pākas tavonmīlati
English translation
Disturbance arising from enemies, from Lalita- mādhava : “Here is the lowest demon Śaṅkhacūḍa , sturdy in body, with arms as long as tāla trees and chest as broad as a mountain plateau. What a match for the beautiful child resembling Cupid, soft as the bud of a new tamāla tree! Is
there no skillful person here to help us? O queen of Vraja , I cannot understand where all the results of your austerities have gone today.”
2.4.77
Sourceसप्तिः सप्ती रथ इह रथः कुञ्जरो मे तूणस् तूणो धनुर् उत धनुर् भोः कृपाणी कृपाणी । का भीः का भीर् अयम् अयम् अहं हा त्वरध्वं त्वरध्वं राज्ञः पुत्री बत हृत-हृता कामिना वल्लवेन
saptiḥ saptī ratha iha rathaḥ kuñjaro me tūṇas tūṇo dhanur uta dhanur bhoḥ kṛpāṇī kṛpāṇī | kā bhīḥ kā bhīr ayam ayam ahaṃ hā tvaradhvaṃ tvaradhvaṃ rājñaḥ putrī bata hṛta-hṛtā kāminā vallavena
English translation
Another example, also from Lalita - mādhava : “When Kṛṣṇa stole Rukmiṇī at the svayaṃvara , the kings spoke to their servants, ‘My horse, chariot, elephants, bow quiver and sword are here. What fear do I have? You should be quick! The lusty cowherd has stolen the daughter of a king!’ ”
2.4.78
Sourceआवेगाभास एवायं पराश्रयतापि चेत् । नायकोत्कर्ष-बोधाय तथाप्य् अत्र निदर्शितः
āvegābhāsa evāyaṃ parāśrayatāpi cet | nāyakotkarṣa-bodhāya tathāpy atra nidarśitaḥ
English translation
“Though the above example is only an ābhāsa of āvega , being the sentiment of āvega in nondevotees taking Kṛṣṇa as the enemy, it is given as an example because it reveals the superior nature of Kṛṣṇa.”
2.4.80
Sourceअत्राट्ट-हासो नटनं सङ्गीतं व्यर्थ-चेष्टितम् । प्रलाप-धावन-क्रोश-विपरीत-क्रियादयः
atrāṭṭa-hāso naṭanaṃ saṅgītaṃ vyartha-ceṣṭitam | pralāpa-dhāvana-krośa-viparīta-kriyādayaḥ
English translation
“Confused understanding caused by extreme bliss, calamity or separation is called unmāda (insanity). In this state the actions are loud laughing, dancing, singing, useless actions, prattling, running, shouting and performing activities opposite to what are usually performed.”
2.4.81
Sourceराधा पुनातु जगद् अच्युत-दत्त-चित्ता मन्थानकं विदधती दधि-रिक्त-पात्रे । यस्याः स्तन-स्तवक-चञ्चल-लोचनालिर् देवो ऽपि रुद्ध-हृदयो धवलं दुदोह
rādhā punātu jagad acyuta-datta-cittā manthānakaṃ vidadhatī dadhi-rikta-pātre | yasyāḥ stana-stavaka-cañcala-locanālir devo 'pi ruddha-hṛdayo dhavalaṃ dudoha
English translation
Insanity arising from intense bliss, from Kṛṣṇa -karṇāmṛta: “May Rādhā who, having surrendered Her heart to Kṛṣṇa, churned an empty yogurt pot, purify the world. And may Kṛṣṇa, whose eyes like bees hovered upon Rādhā’s breasts which were like clusters of flowers, and who with mind absorbed in Rādhā, began milking a bull, purify the world.”
2.4.82
Sourceपशून् अपि कृताञ्जलिर् नमति मान्त्रिका इत्य् अलं तरून् अपि चिकित्सका इति विषौषधं पृच्छति । ह्रदं भुजग-भैरवं हरि हरि प्रविष्टे हरौ व्रजेन्द्र-गृहिणी मुहुर् भ्रम-मयीम् अवस्थां गता
paśūn api kṛtāñjalir namati māntrikā ity alaṃ tarūn api cikitsakā iti viṣauṣadhaṃ pṛcchati | hradaṃ bhujaga-bhairavaṃ hari hari praviṣṭe harau vrajendra-gṛhiṇī muhur bhrama-mayīm avasthāṃ gatā
English translation
Insanity arising from calamity: “What a calamity! When Kṛṣṇa entered the lake of Kāliya , Yaśodā became insane, and thinking the animals were knowers of mantras , folded her hands and began offering them respects. Thinking the trees were doctors, she asked them for medicine to counteract the poison.”
2.4.83
Sourceगायन्त्य उच्चैर् अमुम् एव संहता विचिक्युर् उन्मत्तकवद् वनाद् वनम् । पप्रच्छुर् आकाशवद् अन्तरं बहिर् भूतेषु सन्तं पुरुषं वनस्पतीन्
gāyantya uccair amum eva saṃhatā vicikyur unmattakavad vanād vanam | papracchur ākāśavad antaraṃ bahir bhūteṣu santaṃ puruṣaṃ vanaspatīn
English translation
Insanity arising from separation, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad- Bhāgavatam [10.30.4]: “Singing loudly of Kṛṣṇa , they searched for Him throughout the Vṛndāvana forest like a band of madwomen. They even asked the trees about Him, who as the Supersoul is present inside and outside of all created things, just like the sky.”
2.4.84
Sourceउन्मादः पृथग् उक्तो ऽयं व्याधिष्व् अन्तर्भवन्न् अपि । यत् तत्र विप्रलम्भादौ वैचित्रीं कुरुते पराम्
unmādaḥ pṛthag ukto 'yaṃ vyādhiṣv antarbhavann api | yat tatra vipralambhādau vaicitrīṃ kurute parām
English translation
“Insanity could be included within sickness ( vyādhiṣu , meaning ‘among different types of sicknesses’). However it is described separately because in states such as separation, it induces a unique variety of actions.”
2.4.85
Sourceअधिरूढे महा-भावे मोहनत्वम् उपागते । अवस्थान्तरम् आप्तो ऽसौ दिव्योन्माद इतीर्यते
adhirūḍhe mahā-bhāve mohanatvam upāgate | avasthāntaram āpto 'sau divyonmāda itīryate
English translation
“When a person attains the stage of bewilderment in the adhirūḍha stage of mahā - bhāva , unmāda takes on another form called divyonmāda .”
2.4.86
Sourceअथ (१२) अपस्मारः-- दुःखोत्थ-धातु-वैषम्याद्य्-उद्भूतश् चित्त-विप्लवः । अपस्मारो ऽत्र पतनं धावनास्फोटन-भ्रमाः । कम्पः फेन-स्रुतिर् बाहु-क्षेपण-विक्रोशनादयः
atha (12) apasmāraḥ-- duḥkhottha-dhātu-vaiṣamyādy-udbhūtaś citta-viplavaḥ | apasmāro 'tra patanaṃ dhāvanāsphoṭana-bhramāḥ | kampaḥ phena-srutir bāhu-kṣepaṇa-vikrośanādayaḥ
English translation
“A condition of almost total lack of consciousness arising from disturbance of the dhātus due to grief is called apasmāra (epilepsy). In that state there is falling to the ground, running about, pain in the limbs, confusion, shaking of the body, foaming at the mouth, flailing the arms and shouting.”
2.4.87
Sourceफेनायते प्रतिपदं क्षिपते भुजोर्मिम् आघूर्णते लुठति कुजति लीयते च । अम्बा तवाद्य विरहे चिरम् अम्बुराज- बेलेव वृष्णि-तिलक व्रज-राज-राज्ञी
phenāyate pratipadaṃ kṣipate bhujormim āghūrṇate luṭhati kujati līyate ca | ambā tavādya virahe ciram amburāja- beleva vṛṣṇi-tilaka vraja-rāja-rājñī
English translation
An example: “O best of the Yadus! Now our mother Yaśodā , because of pain sue to separation from You for a long time, is foaming at the mouth like the shore of the ocean. Her arms are moving about like waves in the ocean. She sometimes whirls about, sometimes rolls on the ground, makes sounds and sometimes remains motionless.”
2.4.88
Sourceश्रुत्वा हन्त हतं त्वया यदु-कुलोत्तंसात्र कंसासुरं दैत्यस् तस्य सुहृत्तमः परिणतिं घोरां गतः काम् अपि । लाला-फेन-कदम्ब-चुम्बित-मुख-प्रान्तस् तरङ्गद्-भुजो घूर्णन्न् अर्णव-सीम्नि मण्डलतया भ्राम्यन् न विश्राम्यति
śrutvā hanta hataṃ tvayā yadu-kulottaṃsātra kaṃsāsuraṃ daityas tasya suhṛttamaḥ pariṇatiṃ ghorāṃ gataḥ kām api | lālā-phena-kadamba-cumbita-mukha-prāntas taraṅgad-bhujo ghūrṇann arṇava-sīmni maṇḍalatayā bhrāmyan na viśrāmyati
English translation
Another example: “Crown jewel of the Yadus ! Hearing that You killed Kaṃsa , Kaṃsa’s close friends underwent unspeakable, terrible transformations. They wander on the beach whirling about like wheels and cannot stop. Foam flows from their mouths in great quantities and their arms flail about.”
2.4.89
Sourceउन्मादवद् इह व्याधि-विशेषो ऽप्य् एष वर्णितः । परां भयानकाभासे यत् करोति चमत्कृतिम्
unmādavad iha vyādhi-viśeṣo 'py eṣa varṇitaḥ | parāṃ bhayānakābhāse yat karoti camatkṛtim
English translation
“This sickness called apasmāra has been described separately from sickness, as in the case of unmāda , since it produces an extremely astonishing state with a hint of bhayānaka-rasa (fear).”
2.4.90
Sourceअथ (१३) व्याधिः-- दोषोद्रेक-वियोगाद्यैर् व्याधयो ये ज्वरादयः । इह तत्-प्रभवो भावो व्याधिर् इत्य् अभिधीयते । अत्र स्तम्भः श्लथाङ्गत्व-श्वासोत्ताप-क्लमादयः
atha (13) vyādhiḥ-- doṣodreka-viyogādyair vyādhayo ye jvarādayaḥ | iha tat-prabhavo bhāvo vyādhir ity abhidhīyate | atra stambhaḥ ślathāṅgatva-śvāsottāpa-klamādayaḥ
English translation
“Sickness such as fever generated from extreme sorrow at hearing of contempt for Kṛṣṇa by the demons, or from separation or other events is called vyādhi or disease; but in this book vyādhi refers to symptoms caused by an emotional state rather than from disturbance of the dhātus arising from that separation. In this state, paralysis, slackness of the limbs, heavy breathing, anxiety and fatigue occur.”
2.4.91
Sourceतव चिर-विरहेण प्राप्य पीडाम् इदानीं दधद्-उरु-जडिमानि ध्मापितान्य् अङ्गकानि । श्वसित-पवन-धाटी-घट्टित-घ्राण-वाटं लुठति धरणि-पृष्ठे गोष्ठ-वाटी-कुटुम्बम्
tava cira-viraheṇa prāpya pīḍām idānīṃ dadhad-uru-jaḍimāni dhmāpitāny aṅgakāni | śvasita-pavana-dhāṭī-ghaṭṭita-ghrāṇa-vāṭaṃ luṭhati dharaṇi-pṛṣṭhe goṣṭha-vāṭī-kuṭumbam
English translation
“O Kṛṣṇa ! Separated from You for a long time, Your associates in Vraja are afflicted. Their bodies are burning and remain motionless. Their nostrils quiver because of heavy breathing, and they roll on the ground.”
2.4.92
Sourceअथ (१४) मोहः-- मोहो हृन्-मूढता हर्षाद् विश्लेषाद् भयतस् तथा । विषादादेश् च तत्र स्याद् देहस्य पतनं भुवि । शून्येन्द्रियत्वं भ्रमणं तथा निश्चेष्टता-मयः
atha (14) mohaḥ-- moho hṛn-mūḍhatā harṣād viśleṣād bhayatas tathā | viṣādādeś ca tatra syād dehasya patanaṃ bhuvi | śūnyendriyatvaṃ bhramaṇaṃ tathā niśceṣṭatā-mayaḥ
English translation
“A complete lack of awareness (internal inaction) arising from joy, separation, fear or lamentation is called moha . In this state there is falling on the ground, absence of sense perceptions, wandering about and inactivity.”
2.4.93
Sourceइत्थं स्म पृष्टः स तु बादरायणिस् तत्-स्मारितानन्त-हृताखिलेन्द्रियः । कृच्छ्रात् पुनर् लब्ध-बहिर्-दृशिः शनैः प्रत्याह तं भागवतोत्तमोत्तमम्
itthaṃ sma pṛṣṭaḥ sa tu bādarāyaṇis tat-smāritānanta-hṛtākhilendriyaḥ | kṛcchrāt punar labdha-bahir-dṛśiḥ śanaiḥ pratyāha taṃ bhāgavatottamottamam
English translation
Moha arising from joy, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.12.44]: “O Śaunaka , greatest of saints and devotees, when Mahārāja Parīkṣit inquired from Śukadeva Gosvāmī in this way, Śukadeva Gosvāmī, immediately remembering subject matters about Kṛṣṇa within the core of his heart, externally lost contact with the actions of his senses. Thereafter, with great difficulty, he revived his external sensory perception and began to speak to Mahārāja Parīkṣit about kṛṣṇa- kathā .”
2.4.94
Sourceनिरुच्छ्वसित-रीतयो विघटिताक्षिप-क्ष्म-क्रिया निरीह-निखिलेन्द्रियाः प्रतिनिवृत्त-चिद्-वृत्तयः । अवेक्ष्य कुरु-मण्डले रहसि पुण्डरीकेक्षणं व्रजाम्बुज-दृशो ऽभजन् कनक-शालभञ्जी-श्रियम्
nirucchvasita-rītayo vighaṭitākṣipa-kṣma-kriyā nirīha-nikhilendriyāḥ pratinivṛtta-cid-vṛttayaḥ | avekṣya kuru-maṇḍale rahasi puṇḍarīkekṣaṇaṃ vrajāmbuja-dṛśo 'bhajan kanaka-śālabhañjī-śriyam
English translation
Another example of moha arising from joy: “Seeing Kṛṣṇa alone in Kurukṣetra , the women of Vraja stopped breathing, stopped blinking their eyes, stopped all actions and became devoid of consciousness. They remained standing there like golden statues.”
2.4.95
Sourceकदाचित् खेदाग्निं विघटयितुम् अन्तर्-गतम् असौ सहालीभिर् लेभे तरलित-मना यामुन-तटीम् । चिराद् अस्याश् चित्तं परिचित-कुटीर-कलनाद् अवस्था तस्तार स्फुटम् अथ सुषुप्तेः प्रिय-सखी
kadācit khedāgniṃ vighaṭayitum antar-gatam asau sahālībhir lebhe taralita-manā yāmuna-taṭīm | cirād asyāś cittaṃ paricita-kuṭīra-kalanād avasthā tastāra sphuṭam atha suṣupteḥ priya-sakhī
English translation
Moha arising from separation, from Haṃsadūta: “Once Rādhā , to assuage the fire of separation in Her heart, went to the bank of the Yamunā with Her friends, but seeing the there the familiar bower of creepers, Her heart became covered with a blank state of mind—which was Her dear friend, like deep sleep.”
2.4.96
Sourceमुकुन्दम् आविष्कृत-विश्व-रूपं निरूपयन् वानर-वर्य-केतुः । करारविन्दात् पुरतः स्खलन्तं न गाण्डीवं खण्डित-धीर् विवेद
mukundam āviṣkṛta-viśva-rūpaṃ nirūpayan vānara-varya-ketuḥ | karāravindāt purataḥ skhalantaṃ na gāṇḍīvaṃ khaṇḍita-dhīr viveda
English translation
Moha arising from fear: “When Kṛṣṇa showed His universal form, Arjuna , who had the insignia of Hanumān on his flag, dropped his Gāṇḍīva bow. However, being in a state of moha , he was not aware of this.”
2.4.97
Sourceविषादाद्, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.११.४९)-- कृष्णं महा-बक-ग्रस्तं दृष्ट्वा रामादयो ऽर्भकाः । बभूवुर् इन्द्रियाणीव विना प्राणं विचेतसः
viṣādād, yathā śrī-daśame (10.11.49)-- kṛṣṇaṃ mahā-baka-grastaṃ dṛṣṭvā rāmādayo 'rbhakāḥ | babhūvur indriyāṇīva vinā prāṇaṃ vicetasaḥ
English translation
Moha arising from despair, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.11.49]: “When Balarāma and the other boys saw that Kṛṣṇa had been devoured by the gigantic duck, they became almost unconscious, like senses without life.”
2.4.98
Sourceअस्यान्यत्रात्म-पर्यन्ते स्यात् सर्वत्रैव मूढता । कृष्ण-स्फूर्ति-विशेषस् तु न कदाप्य् अत्र लीयते
asyānyatrātma-paryante syāt sarvatraiva mūḍhatā | kṛṣṇa-sphūrti-viśeṣas tu na kadāpy atra līyate
English translation
“When the devotees develop moha , they lose awareness of objects including their own bodies, but awareness of Kṛṣṇa never disappears.”
2.4.99
Sourceअथ (१५) मृतिः-- विषाद-व्याधि-सन्त्रास-सम्प्रहार-क्लमादिभिः । प्राण-त्यागो मृतिस् तस्याम् अव्यक्ताक्षर-भाषणम् । विवर्ण-गात्रता-श्वास-मान्द्य-हिक्कादयः क्रियाः
atha (15) mṛtiḥ-- viṣāda-vyādhi-santrāsa-samprahāra-klamādibhiḥ | prāṇa-tyāgo mṛtis tasyām avyaktākṣara-bhāṣaṇam | vivarṇa-gātratā-śvāsa-māndya-hikkādayaḥ kriyāḥ
English translation
“Giving up life because of grief, sickness, fear, beating or exhaustion is called mṛti (death). In this state, unclear speaking, change of bodily color, feeble breathing and hiccups occur.”
2.4.100
Sourceअनुल्लास-श्वासा मुहुर् असरलोत्तानित-दृशो विवृण्वन्तः काये किम् अपि नव-वैवर्ण्यम् अभितः । हरेर् नामाव्यक्तीकृतम् अलघु-हिक्का-लहरीभिः प्रजल्पन्तः प्राणान् जहति मथुरायां सुकृतिनः
anullāsa-śvāsā muhur asaralottānita-dṛśo vivṛṇvantaḥ kāye kim api nava-vaivarṇyam abhitaḥ | harer nāmāvyaktīkṛtam alaghu-hikkā-laharībhiḥ prajalpantaḥ prāṇān jahati mathurāyāṃ sukṛtinaḥ
English translation
“The pious persons of Mathurā , with weak breathing, eyes glancing sideways and upwards, taking on a unique complexion in their bodies and hiccuping loudly, gave up their lives while uttering Kṛṣṇa ’s name unclearly.”
2.4.101
Sourceविरमद्-अलघु-कण्ठोद्घोष-घुत्कार-चक्रा क्षण-विघटित-ताम्यद्-दृष्टि-खद्योत-दीप्तिः । हरि-मिहिर-निपीत-प्राण-गाढान्धकारा क्षयम् अगमद् अकस्मात् पूतना काल-रात्रिः
viramad-alaghu-kaṇṭhodghoṣa-ghutkāra-cakrā kṣaṇa-vighaṭita-tāmyad-dṛṣṭi-khadyota-dīptiḥ | hari-mihira-nipīta-prāṇa-gāḍhāndhakārā kṣayam agamad akasmāt pūtanā kāla-rātriḥ
English translation
Another example: “The sun in the form of Kṛṣṇa drank up the deep darkness of life of the midnight in the form of Pūtanā . Her eyes lit up for a moment beyond her control and then died out, like the glowing of fireflies in the night. That midnight suddenly disappeared with the loud hooting of owns in the form of her death groans.”
2.4.102
Sourceप्रायो ऽत्र मरणात् पूर्वा चित्त-वृत्तिर् मृतिर् मता । मृतिर् अत्रानुभावः स्याद् इति केनचिद् उच्यते । किन्तु नायक-वीर्यार्थं शत्रौ मरणम् उच्यते
prāyo 'tra maraṇāt pūrvā citta-vṛttir mṛtir matā | mṛtir atrānubhāvaḥ syād iti kenacid ucyate | kintu nāyaka-vīryārthaṃ śatrau maraṇam ucyate
English translation
“The state of consciousness just before death is generally called mṛti . However, some say that mṛti should be considered only an external similarity to death ( anubhāva ). It has been described in the enemies of Kṛṣṇa (although in that case it is not the v yābhicārī- bhāva called mṛti ) just to show His power.”
2.4.103
Sourceअथ (१६) आलस्यम्-- सामर्थ्यस्यापि सद्-भावे क्रियानुन्मुखता हि या । तृप्ति-श्रमादि-सम्भूता तद्-आलस्यम् उदीर्यते
atha (16) ālasyam-- sāmarthyasyāpi sad-bhāve kriyānunmukhatā hi yā | tṛpti-śramādi-sambhūtā tad-ālasyam udīryate
English translation
“Lack of enthusiasm to perform activities because of satiation or fatigue, even though one has the ability to do them, is called ālasya .”
2.4.104
Sourceअत्राङ्ग-भजो जृम्भा च क्रिया द्वेषो ऽक्षि-मर्दनम् । शय्यासनैक-प्रियता तन्द्रा-निद्रादयो ऽपि च
atrāṅga-bhajo jṛmbhā ca kriyā dveṣo 'kṣi-mardanam | śayyāsanaika-priyatā tandrā-nidrādayo 'pi ca
English translation
“In this state, stretching the limbs, yawning, disgust with work, rubbing the eyes, lying down, fondness for sitting down, exhaustion and sleep occur.”
2.4.105
Sourceतत्र तृप्तेर्, यथा-- विप्राणां नस् तथा तृप्तिर् आसीद् गोवर्धनोत्सवे । नाशीर्वादे ऽपि गोपेन्द्र यथा स्यात् प्रभविष्णुता
tatra tṛpter, yathā-- viprāṇāṃ nas tathā tṛptir āsīd govardhanotsave | nāśīrvāde 'pi gopendra yathā syāt prabhaviṣṇutā
English translation
“O king of the cowherds! At the festival of Govardhana we have become so satisfied that we cannot even give blessings.”
2.4.106
Sourceसुष्ठु निःसह-तनुः सुबलो ऽभूत् प्रीतये मम विधाय नियुद्धम् । मोटयन्तम् अभितो निजम् अङ्गं नाहवाय सहसाह्वयताम् अमुम्
suṣṭhu niḥsaha-tanuḥ subalo 'bhūt prītaye mama vidhāya niyuddham | moṭayantam abhito nijam aṅgaṃ nāhavāya sahasāhvayatām amum
English translation
“After arm-wrestling with Me to please Me, he cannot do any activity now and is stretching his limbs. You should not call him to fight immediately.”
2.4.107
Sourceअथ (१७) जाड्यम्-- जाड्यम् अप्रतिपत्तिः स्याद् इष्टानिष्ठ-श्रुतीक्षणैः । विरहाद्यैश् च तन्-मोहात् पूर्वावस्थापरापि च । अत्रानिमिषता तूष्णीम्-भाव-विस्मरणादयः
atha (17) jāḍyam-- jāḍyam apratipattiḥ syād iṣṭāniṣṭha-śrutīkṣaṇaiḥ | virahādyaiś ca tan-mohāt pūrvāvasthāparāpi ca | atrānimiṣatā tūṣṇīm-bhāva-vismaraṇādayaḥ
English translation
“Absence of the ability to decide anything, which arises from hearing or seeing desirable or undesirable things or from separation, is called jāḍyam . This occurs previous to or following moha (inoperative mind). In this state blinking of the eyes, silence and forgetfulness occur.”
2.4.108
Sourceगावश् च कृष्णमुख-निर्गत-वेणु-गीत- पीयूषम् उत्तभित-कर्ण-पुटैः पिबन्त्यः । शावाः स्नुत-स्तन-पयः-कवलाः स्म तस्थुर् गोविन्दम् आत्मनि दृशाश्रु-कुलाः स्पृशन्त्यः
gāvaś ca kṛṣṇamukha-nirgata-veṇu-gīta- pīyūṣam uttabhita-karṇa-puṭaiḥ pibantyaḥ | śāvāḥ snuta-stana-payaḥ-kavalāḥ sma tasthur govindam ātmani dṛśāśru-kulāḥ spṛśantyaḥ
English translation
Jāḍyam from hearing what is desirable, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.21.13]: “Using their upraised ears as vessels, the cows are drinking the nectar of the flute -song flowing out of Kṛṣṇa ’s mouth. The calves, their mouths full of milk from their mothers' moist nipples, stand still as they take Govinda within themselves through their tear-filled eyes and embrace Him within their hearts.”
2.4.109
Sourceआकलय्य परिवर्तित-गोत्रां केशवस्य गिरम् अर्पित-शल्याम् । बिद्ध-धीर् अधिक-निर्निमिषाक्षी- लक्ष्मणा क्षणम् अवर्तत तूष्णीम्
ākalayya parivartita-gotrāṃ keśavasya giram arpita-śalyām | biddha-dhīr adhika-nirnimiṣākṣī- lakṣmaṇā kṣaṇam avartata tūṣṇīm
English translation
Jāḍyam from hearing what is undesirable: “Hearing Keśava call out someone else’s name, the heart of Lakṣmaṇā , one of the leaders of the gopīs , was pained. Her eyes stopped blinking and she did not utter a word.”
2.4.110
Sourceइष्टेक्षणेन, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.७१.४०)-- गोविन्दं गृहम् आनीय देव-देवेशम् आदृतः । पूजायां नाविदत् कृत्यं प्रमादोपहतो नृपः
iṣṭekṣaṇena, yathā śrī-daśame (10.71.40)-- govindaṃ gṛham ānīya deva-deveśam ādṛtaḥ | pūjāyāṃ nāvidat kṛtyaṃ pramādopahato nṛpaḥ
English translation
Jāḍyam from seeing the object of desire, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.71.39]: “King Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully brought Lord Govinda , the Supreme God of gods, to his personal quarters. The King was so overcome with joy that he could not remember all the rituals of worship.”
2.4.111
Sourceअनिष्टेक्षणेन, यथा तत्रैव (१०.३९.३६)-- यावद् आलक्ष्यते केतुर् यावद् रेणू रथस्य च । अनुप्रस्थापितात्मानो लेख्यानीवोपलक्षिताः
aniṣṭekṣaṇena, yathā tatraiva (10.39.36)-- yāvad ālakṣyate ketur yāvad reṇū rathasya ca | anuprasthāpitātmāno lekhyānīvopalakṣitāḥ
English translation
Jāḍyam from seeing the undesirable, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.39.36]: “Sending their minds after Kṛṣṇa , the gopīs stood as motionless as figures in a painting. They remained there as long as the flag atop the chariot was visible, and even until they could no longer see the dust raised by the chariot wheels.”
2.4.112
Sourceमुकुन्द विरहेण ते विधुरिताः सखायश् चिराद् अलङ्कृतिभिर् उज्झिता भुवि निविश्य तत्र स्थिताः । स्खलन्-मलिन-वाससः शवल-रुक्ष-गात्र-श्रियः स्फुरन्ति खल-देवल-द्विज-गृहे सुरार्चा इव
mukunda viraheṇa te vidhuritāḥ sakhāyaś cirād alaṅkṛtibhir ujjhitā bhuvi niviśya tatra sthitāḥ | skhalan-malina-vāsasaḥ śavala-rukṣa-gātra-śriyaḥ sphuranti khala-devala-dvija-gṛhe surārcā iva
English translation
Jāḍyam from separation: “Your friends, pained by long separation from You, remain on this earth like the Deities of neglectful brāhmaṇas which are without ornaments, wearing soiled cloth which is falling off, with limbs dirty and thin.”
2.4.113
Sourceअथ (१८) व्रीडा-- नवीन-सङ्गमाकार्य-स्तवावज्ञादिना कृता । अधृष्टता भवेद् व्रीडा तत्र मौनं विचिन्तनम् । अवगुण्ठन-भू-लेखौ तथाधोमुखतादयः
atha (18) vrīḍā-- navīna-saṅgamākārya-stavāvajñādinā kṛtā | adhṛṣṭatā bhaved vrīḍā tatra maunaṃ vicintanam | avaguṇṭhana-bhū-lekhau tathādhomukhatādayaḥ
English translation
“The state of bashfulness, the opposite of audacity, arising from just meeting one’s lover, from performing forbidden actions, from praise or neglect is
called vrīḍā (shyness). In this state there is silence, anxiety, covering the head, writing on the ground and hanging the head.”
2.4.114
Sourceगोविन्दे स्वयम् अकरोः सरोज-नेत्रे प्रेमान्धा वर-वपुर् अर्पणं सखि । कार्पण्यं न कुरु दरावलोक-दाने विक्रीते करिणि किम् अङ्कुशे विवादः
govinde svayam akaroḥ saroja-netre premāndhā vara-vapur arpaṇaṃ sakhi | kārpaṇyaṃ na kuru darāvaloka-dāne vikrīte kariṇi kim aṅkuśe vivādaḥ
English translation
Vrīḍā from meeting the Lord for the first time, from Padyāvalī : “O lotus-eyed friend! Blinded with love, you have offered your beautiful body to Govinda . O friend! Do not be miserly by showing yourself to Him only a little. The purchased elephant does not quarrel with the goad.”
2.4.115
Sourceत्वम् अवाग् इह मा शिरः कृथा वदनं च त्रपया शची-पते । नय कल्प-तरुं न चेच् छचीं कथम् अग्रे मुखम् ईक्षयिष्यसि
tvam avāg iha mā śiraḥ kṛthā vadanaṃ ca trapayā śacī-pate | naya kalpa-taruṃ na cec chacīṃ katham agre mukham īkṣayiṣyasi
English translation
Shame arising from forbidden activities: “O Indra ! You should not hang down your head in shame and remain silent. Take the parijāta tree and go. Otherwise how can you show your face to your wife?”
2.4.116
Sourceस्तवेन, यथा-- भूरि-साद्गुण्य-भारेण स्तूयमानस्य शौरिणा । उद्धवस्य व्यरोचिष्ट नम्री-भूतं तदा शिरः
stavena, yathā-- bhūri-sādguṇya-bhāreṇa stūyamānasya śauriṇā | uddhavasya vyarociṣṭa namrī-bhūtaṃ tadā śiraḥ
English translation
Shame from being praised: “When Kṛṣṇa praised Uddhava , listing all his good qualities, Uddhava lowered his head and took on a unique attractiveness.”
2.4.117
Sourceअवज्ञया, यथा हरि-वंशे (२.६७.१९) {*इन् च्रितिचल् एदितोन्, अप्पेन्दिx २९.} सत्यादेवी-वाक्यम्-- वसन्त-कुसुमैश् चित्रं सदा रैवतकं गिरिम् । प्रिया भूत्वाऽप्रिया भूता कथं द्रक्ष्यामि तं पुनः
avajñayā, yathā hari-vaṃśe (2.67.19) {*In critical editon, appendix 29.} satyādevī-vākyam-- vasanta-kusumaiś citraṃ sadā raivatakaṃ girim | priyā bhūtvā'priyā bhūtā kathaṃ drakṣyāmi taṃ punaḥ
English translation
Shame arising from neglect, from Hari- vaṃśa , in a statement by Satyā : “ Raivataka Mountain is always glorious with spring flowers. How can I look upon that mountain when I have lost the affection of Kṛṣṇa , though once I was most dear to Him?”
2.4.118
Sourceअथ (१९) अवहित्था-- अवहित्थाकार-गुप्तिर् भवेद् भावेन केनचित्
atha (19) avahitthā-- avahitthākāra-guptir bhaved bhāvena kenacit
English translation
“The external action of wanting to hide one’s external symptoms because of thinking oneself low is called avahitthā. ”
2.4.119
Sourceअत्राङ्गादेः पराभ्यूह-स्थानस्य परिगूहनम् । अन्यत्रेक्षा वृथा-चेष्टा वाग्-भङ्गीत्य्-आदयः क्रियाः
atrāṅgādeḥ parābhyūha-sthānasya parigūhanam | anyatrekṣā vṛthā-ceṣṭā vāg-bhaṅgīty-ādayaḥ kriyāḥ
English translation
“In this state, hiding one’s limbs so others will think one is something else, glancing elsewhere, useless actions and clever use of words occur.”
2.4.120
Sourceतथा चोक्तम्-- अनुभाव-पिधानार्थो ऽवहित्थं भाव उच्यते
tathā coktam-- anubhāva-pidhānārtho 'vahitthaṃ bhāva ucyate
English translation
“The ancient authorities say that the bhāva which conceals one’s anubhāvas (external symptoms) is called avahitthā -vyabhicārī-bhāva .”
2.4.121
Sourceसभाजयित्वा तम् अनङ्ग-दीपनं सहास-लीलेक्षण-विभ्रम-भ्रुवा । संस्पर्शनेनाङ्क-कृताङ्घ्रि-हस्तयोः संस्तुत्य ईषत् कुपिता बभाषिरे
sabhājayitvā tam anaṅga-dīpanaṃ sahāsa-līlekṣaṇa-vibhrama-bhruvā | saṃsparśanenāṅka-kṛtāṅghri-hastayoḥ saṃstutya īṣat kupitā babhāṣire
English translation
An example of avahitthā from deceit, Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.32.16]: “Śrī Kṛṣṇa had awakened romantic desires within the gopīs , and they honored Him by glancing at Him with playful smiles, gesturing amorously with their eyebrows, and massaging His hands and feet as they held them in their laps. Even while worshiping Him, however, they felt somewhat angry, and thus they addressed Him as follows.”
2.4.122
Sourceसात्राजिती-सदन-सीमनि पारिजाते नीते प्रणीत-महसा मधुसूदनेन । द्राघीय-सीमनि विदर्भ-भुवस् तदेर्ष्यां सौशील्यतः किल न को ऽपि विदाम्बभूव
sātrājitī-sadana-sīmani pārijāte nīte praṇīta-mahasā madhusūdanena | drāghīya-sīmani vidarbha-bhuvas taderṣyāṃ sauśīlyataḥ kila na ko 'pi vidāmbabhūva
English translation
An example of avahitthā from mild nature: “When Madhusūdana brought the parijāta tree to the house of Satyabhāmā , though Rukmiṇī was filled with anger, no one could detect that deception because of her mildness.”
2.4.123
Sourceतम् आत्मजैर् दृष्टिभिर् अन्तरात्मना दुरन्त-भावाः परिरेभिरे पतिम् । निरुद्धम् अप्य् आस्रवद् अम्बु नेत्रयोर् विलज्जतीनां भृगु-वर्य वैक्लवात्
tam ātmajair dṛṣṭibhir antarātmanā duranta-bhāvāḥ parirebhire patim | niruddham apy āsravad ambu netrayor vilajjatīnāṃ bhṛgu-varya vaiklavāt
English translation
Concealment out of bashfulness, from the First Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [1.11.32]: “The insuperable ecstasy was so strong that the queens, who were shy, first embraced the Lord in the innermost recesses of their hearts. Then they embraced Him visually, and then they sent their sons to embrace Him [which is equal to personal embracing]. But, O chief amongst the Bhṛgus , though they tried to restrain their feelings, they inadvertently shed tears.”
2.4.124
Sourceजैह्म्य-ह्रीभ्यां, यथा-- का वृषस्यति तं गोष्ठ-भुजङ्गं कुल-पालिका । दूति यत्र स्मृते मूर्तिर् भीत्या रोमाञ्चिता मम
jaihmya-hrībhyāṃ, yathā-- kā vṛṣasyati taṃ goṣṭha-bhujaṅgaṃ kula-pālikā | dūti yatra smṛte mūrtir bhītyā romāñcitā mama
English translation
Concealment from deceit and bashfulness: “O messenger! Will a respectable woman desire such a snake among cowherds? Remembering Him, the hairs of my body are standing on end out of fear.”
2.4.125
Sourceसौजन्येन, यथा-- गूढा गाभीर्य-सम्पद्भिर् मनो-गह्वर-गर्भगा । प्रौढाप्य् अस्या रतिः कृष्णे दुर्वितर्का परैर् अभूत्
saujanyena, yathā-- gūḍhā gābhīrya-sampadbhir mano-gahvara-garbhagā | prauḍhāpy asyā ratiḥ kṛṣṇe durvitarkā parair abhūt
English translation
Concealment by good qualities: “Though Rādhā ’s attachment to Kṛṣṇa increased to the extreme, by the wealth of Her self-control, she concealed it so that no one could doubt Her.”
2.4.126
Sourceगोविन्दे सुबल-मुखैः समं सुहृद्भिः स्मेरास्यैः स्फुटम् इह नर्म निर्मिमाणे । आनम्रीकृत-वदनः प्रमोद-मुग्धो यत्नेन स्मितम् अथ संववार पत्री
govinde subala-mukhaiḥ samaṃ suhṛdbhiḥ smerāsyaiḥ sphuṭam iha narma nirmimāṇe | ānamrīkṛta-vadanaḥ pramoda-mugdho yatnena smitam atha saṃvavāra patrī
English translation
Concealment out of respect: “When Kṛṣṇa began to joke among His laughing cowherd friends, His servant Patrī became jubilant. Out of respect, he hung his head and with great difficulty covered his laughing.”
2.4.128
Sourceहेतुत्वं गोपनत्वं च गोप्यत्वं चात्र सम्भवेत् । प्रायेण सर्व-भावानाम् एकशो ऽनेकशो ऽपि च
hetutvaṃ gopanatvaṃ ca gopyatvaṃ cātra sambhavet | prāyeṇa sarva-bhāvānām ekaśo 'nekaśo 'pi ca
English translation
“Three bhāvas will be seen operating in this situation: one as a cause, one that is concealed and one bhāva that conceals another. Individually or as a group, the bhāvas may act as a cause, being concealed or concealing.”
2.4.129
Sourceअथ (२०) स्मृतिः-- या स्यात् पूर्वानुभूतार्थ-प्रतीतिः सदृशेक्षया । दृढाभ्यासादिना वापि सा स्मृतिः परिकीर्तिता । भवेद् अत्र शिरः-कम्पो भ्रू-विक्षेपादयो ऽपि च
atha (20) smṛtiḥ-- yā syāt pūrvānubhūtārtha-pratītiḥ sadṛśekṣayā | dṛḍhābhyāsādinā vāpi sā smṛtiḥ parikīrtitā | bhaved atra śiraḥ-kampo bhrū-vikṣepādayo 'pi ca
English translation
“Scrutiny of previous experience, that arises from strict practice or from seeing similar objects, is called smṛti (remembrance). In this state, shaking the head and moving the brows occur.”
2.4.130
Sourceतत्र सदृशेक्षणा, यथा-- विलोक्य श्यामम् अम्भोदम् अम्भोरुह-विलोचना । स्मारं स्मारं मुकुन्द त्वां स्मारं विक्रमम् अन्वभूत्
tatra sadṛśekṣaṇā, yathā-- vilokya śyāmam ambhodam ambhoruha-vilocanā | smāraṃ smāraṃ mukunda tvāṃ smāraṃ vikramam anvabhūt
English translation
Smṛti arising from seeing a similar object: “O Mukunda ! When lotus-eyed Rādhā saw a dark cloud, She remembered You and experienced the force of love.”
2.4.131
Sourceदृढाभ्यासेन, यथा-- प्रणिधान-विधिम् इदानीम् अकुर्वतो ऽपि प्रमादतो हृदि मे । हरि-पद-पङ्कज-युगलं क्वचित् कदाचित् परिस्फुरति
dṛḍhābhyāsena, yathā-- praṇidhāna-vidhim idānīm akurvato 'pi pramādato hṛdi me | hari-pada-paṅkaja-yugalaṃ kvacit kadācit parisphurati
English translation
“Spontaneously, without concentrating, the lotus feet of the Lord now appear in my heart at any time or place.”
2.4.132
Sourceअथ (२१) वितर्कः-- विमर्षात् संशयादेश् च वितर्कस् तूह उच्यते । एष भ्रू-क्सेपण-शिरो ऽङ्गुलि-सञ्चालनादि-कृत्
atha (21) vitarkaḥ-- vimarṣāt saṃśayādeś ca vitarkas tūha ucyate | eṣa bhrū-ksepaṇa-śiro 'ṅguli-sañcālanādi-kṛt
English translation
“Arriving at a conclusion based on error, doubt or inference is called vitarka (conjecture). In this state, moving the brows, and moving the head and fingers occur.”
2.4.133
Sourceन जानीषे मूर्ध्नश् च्युतम् अपि शिखण्डं यद् अखिलं न कण्ठे यन् माल्यं कलयसि पुरस्तात् कृतम् अपि । तद् उन्नीतं वृन्दावन-कुहर-लीला-कलभ हे स्फुटं राधा-नेत्र-भ्रमर-वर वीर्योन्नतिर् इयम्
na jānīṣe mūrdhnaś cyutam api śikhaṇḍaṃ yad akhilaṃ na kaṇṭhe yan mālyaṃ kalayasi purastāt kṛtam api | tad unnītaṃ vṛndāvana-kuhara-līlā-kalabha he sphuṭaṃ rādhā-netra-bhramara-vara vīryonnatir iyam
English translation
“O elephant who sports in the houses of Vṛndāvan! The peacock feather has fallen from Your head to the ground, but You are unaware of that. There is a prepared garland lying in front of You, but You do not put it on. From that I can infer that the power of the bees, in the form of Rādhā ’s eyes, has agitated You.”
2.4.134
Sourceअसौ किं तापिञ्छो न हि तद्-अमल-श्रीर् इह गतिः पयोदः किं वामं न यद् इह निरङ्को हिमकरः । जगन्-मोहारम्भोद्धूर-मधुर-वंशी-ध्वनिर् इतो ध्रुवं मूर्धन्य् अद्रेर् विधु-मुखि मुकुन्दो विहरति
asau kiṃ tāpiñcho na hi tad-amala-śrīr iha gatiḥ payodaḥ kiṃ vāmaṃ na yad iha niraṅko himakaraḥ | jagan-mohārambhoddhūra-madhura-vaṃśī-dhvanir ito dhruvaṃ mūrdhany adrer vidhu-mukhi mukundo viharati
English translation
Vitarka arising from doubt: “Is that a tamāla tree? It cannot be, for why would it be endowed with such pure, clear movements? Is it a cloud? No, it cannot be, for a spotless moon is residing there. O moon-faced one! It seems that Mukunda , who can enchant the universe with the sound of His flute , is certainly wandering on top of Govardhana Hill.”
2.4.135
Sourceविनिर्णयान्त एवायं तर्क इत्य् ऊचिरे परे
vinirṇayānta evāyaṃ tarka ity ūcire pare
English translation
“Some say that tarka means to draw conclusions about objects cabale of being judged.”
2.4.136
Sourceअथ (२२) चिन्ता-- ध्यानं चिन्ता भवेद् इष्टानाप्त्य्-अनिष्टाप्ति-निर्मितम् । श्वासाधोमुख-भूलेख-वैवर्ण्यान् निद्रता इह । विलापोत्ताप-कृशता-बाष्प-दैन्यादयो ऽपि च
atha (22) cintā-- dhyānaṃ cintā bhaved iṣṭānāpty-aniṣṭāpti-nirmitam | śvāsādhomukha-bhūlekha-vaivarṇyān nidratā iha | vilāpottāpa-kṛśatā-bāṣpa-dainyādayo 'pi ca
English translation
“Pondering, arising from not attaining a desired object or from attaining an undesirable object, is called cintā . In this state, there is heavy breathing, hanging of the head, writing on the ground, change of color, sleeplessness, prattle and fever.”
2.4.137
Sourceकृत्वा मुखान्य् अवशुचः श्वसनेन शुष्यद् बिम्बाधराणि चरणेन लिखन्त्यः । अस्रेर् उपात्त-मसिभिः कुच-कुङ्कुमानि तस्थुर् मृजन्त्य उरु-दुःख-भराः स्म तूष्णीम्
kṛtvā mukhāny avaśucaḥ śvasanena śuṣyad bimbādharāṇi caraṇena likhantyaḥ | asrer upātta-masibhiḥ kuca-kuṅkumāni tasthur mṛjantya uru-duḥkha-bharāḥ sma tūṣṇīm
English translation
Pondering from not attaining the desired object of love, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.29.29]: “Their heads hanging down and their heavy, sorrowful breathing drying up their reddened lips, the gopīs scratched the ground with their toes. Tears flowed from their eyes, carrying their kajjala and washing away the vermilion smeared on their breasts. Thus they stood, silently bearing the burden of their unhappiness.”
2.4.138
Sourceअरतिभिर् अतिक्रम्य क्षामा प्रदोषम् अदोष-धीः कथम् अपि चिराद् अध्यासीना प्रघाणम् अघान्तक । विधूरित-मुखी घूर्णत्य् अन्तः प्रसूस् तव चिन्तया किम् अहह गृहं क्रीडा-लुब्ध त्वयाद्य विसस्मरे
aratibhir atikramya kṣāmā pradoṣam adoṣa-dhīḥ katham api cirād adhyāsīnā praghāṇam aghāntaka | vidhūrita-mukhī ghūrṇaty antaḥ prasūs tava cintayā kim ahaha gṛhaṃ krīḍā-lubdha tvayādya visasmare
English translation
Another example: “O killer of Agha ! Your affectionate mother, depressed and thin from thinking of You, remained sitting on the veranda for a long time, and having waited until evening, she now wanders within the house. How astonishing it is! Though You experienced such fun there, You have completely forgotten about Your house.”
2.4.139
Sourceगृहिणि गहनयान्तश्चिन्तयोन्निद्र-नेत्रा ग्लपय न मुख-पद्मं तप्त-बाष्प-प्लवेन । नृप-पुरम् अनुविन्दन् गान्दिनेयेन सार्धं तव सुतम् अहम् एव द्राक् परावर्तयामि
gṛhiṇi gahanayāntaścintayonnidra-netrā glapaya na mukha-padmaṃ tapta-bāṣpa-plavena | nṛpa-puram anuvindan gāndineyena sārdhaṃ tava sutam aham eva drāk parāvartayāmi
English translation
“Do not remain sleepless, absorbed in intense deliberation, with hot tears withering your lotus face. I will go to Mathurā with Akrura and bring back your son very soon.”
2.4.140
Sourceअथ (२३) मतिः-- शास्त्रादीनां विचारोत्थम् अर्थ-निर्धारणं मतिः
atha (23) matiḥ-- śāstrādīnāṃ vicārottham artha-nirdhāraṇaṃ matiḥ
English translation
“Ascertaining a meaning after consulting scripture is called mati .”
2.4.141
Sourceअत्र कर्तव्य-करणं संशय-भ्रमयोश् छिदा । उपदेशश् च शिष्याणाम् ऊहापोहादयो ऽपि च
atra kartavya-karaṇaṃ saṃśaya-bhramayoś chidā | upadeśaś ca śiṣyāṇām ūhāpohādayo 'pi ca
English translation
“In this state performing necessary actions after cutting doubts and illusions, giving instructions to students and defeating others’ arguments and opposite conclusions occur.”
2.4.142
Sourceव्यामोहाय चराचरस्य जगतस् ते ते पुराणागमास् तां ताम् एव हि देवतां परमिकां जल्पन्तु कल्पावधि । सिद्धान्ते पुनर् एक एव भगवान् विष्णुः समस्तागम- व्यापारेषु विवेचन-व्यतिकरं नीतेषु निश्चीयते
vyāmohāya carācarasya jagatas te te purāṇāgamās tāṃ tām eva hi devatāṃ paramikāṃ jalpantu kalpāvadhi | siddhānte punar eka eva bhagavān viṣṇuḥ samastāgama- vyāpāreṣu vivecana-vyatikaraṃ nīteṣu niścīyate
English translation
From the Padma Purāṇa , Vaiśākhā-mahātmya: “Let the Purāṇas and other scriptures glorify the greatness of their devatās here and there for a kalpa to produce illusion in the people of this world. But after taking into account all varieties of interpretation, their conclusion is that Viṣṇu alone is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”
2.4.143
Sourceत्वं न्यस्त-दण्डमुनिभिर् गदितानुभाव आत्मात्मदश् च जगताम् इति मे वृतो ऽसि । हित्वा भवद्-भ्रुव उदीरित-काल-वेग- ध्वस्ताशिषो ऽब्ज-भवनाकपतीन् कुतो ऽन्ये
tvaṃ nyasta-daṇḍamunibhir gaditānubhāva ātmātmadaś ca jagatām iti me vṛto 'si | hitvā bhavad-bhruva udīrita-kāla-vega- dhvastāśiṣo 'bja-bhavanākapatīn kuto 'nye
English translation
From the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.60.39]: “Knowing that great sages who have renounced the sannyāsī 's daṇḍa proclaim Your glories, that You are the Supreme Soul of all the worlds, and that You are so gracious that You give away even Your own self, I chose You as my husband, rejecting Lord Brahmā , Lord Śiva and the rulers of heaven, whose aspirations are all frustrated by the force of time, which is born from Your eyebrows. What interest, then, could I have in any other suitors?”
2.4.144
Sourceअथ (२४) धृतिः-- धृतिः स्यात् पूर्णता ज्ञान-दुःखाभावोत्तमाप्तिभिः । अप्राप्तातीत-नष्टार्थान् अभिसंशोचनादि-कृत्
atha (24) dhṛtiḥ-- dhṛtiḥ syāt pūrṇatā jñāna-duḥkhābhāvottamāptibhiḥ | aprāptātīta-naṣṭārthān abhisaṃśocanādi-kṛt
English translation
“The steadiness of heart arising from attaining realization of the Lord, from absence of suffering in attaining realization of the Lord, and from realizing prema with the Lord is called dhṛti . In this state there is no lamentation for things not attained or for things that have disappeared.”
2.4.145
Sourceतत्र ज्ञानेन, यथा वैराग्य-शतके (५५) भर्तृहरिः-- अश्नीमहि वयं भिक्षाम् आशावासो वसीमहि । शयीमहि मही-पृष्ठे कुर्वीमहि किम् ईश्वरैः
tatra jñānena, yathā vairāgya-śatake (55) bhartṛhariḥ-- aśnīmahi vayaṃ bhikṣām āśāvāso vasīmahi | śayīmahi mahī-pṛṣṭhe kurvīmahi kim īśvaraiḥ
English translation
Dhṛti from attaining realization of the Lord, from Bhartṛhari ’s Vairāgya-śataka : “When I attain knowledge of the Lord, I will eat only begged food and live without clothing. I will sleep on the ground. What is the necessity of serving the king or other authorities?”
2.4.146
Sourceगोष्ठं रमा-केलि-गृहं चकास्ति गावश् च धावन्ति परः-परार्धाः । पुत्रस् तथा दीव्यति दिव्य-कर्मा तृप्तिर् ममाभूद् गृहमेधि-सौख्ये
goṣṭhaṃ ramā-keli-gṛhaṃ cakāsti gāvaś ca dhāvanti paraḥ-parārdhāḥ | putras tathā dīvyati divya-karmā tṛptir mamābhūd gṛhamedhi-saukhye
English translation
Dhṛti from lack of suffering: “Our cowsheds have become the playground of Lakṣmī and more than 100,000 billion cows are running around. A divine child is playing in the house. I am fully satisfied with the happiness of family life.”
2.4.147
Sourceउत्तमाप्त्या, यथा-- हरि-लीला-सुधा-सिन्धोस् तटम् अप्य् अधितिष्ठतः । मनो मम चतुर्-वर्गं तृणायापि न मन्यते
uttamāptyā, yathā-- hari-līlā-sudhā-sindhos taṭam apy adhitiṣṭhataḥ | mano mama catur-vargaṃ tṛṇāyāpi na manyate
English translation
Dhṛti from attaining prema : “I am situated on the bank of the ocean of nectar consisting of the Lord’s pastimes. Thus my mind is not aware of artha , dharma , kāma and mokṣa , which are now worthless like grass.”
2.4.148
Sourceअथ (२५) हर्षः-- अभीष्टेक्षण-लाभादि-जाता चेतः-प्रसन्नता । हर्षः स्याद् इह रोमाञ्चः स्वेदो ऽश्रु मुख-फुल्लता । आवेगोन्माद-जडतास् तथा मोहादयो ऽपि च
atha (25) harṣaḥ-- abhīṣṭekṣaṇa-lābhādi-jātā cetaḥ-prasannatā | harṣaḥ syād iha romāñcaḥ svedo 'śru mukha-phullatā | āvegonmāda-jaḍatās tathā mohādayo 'pi ca
English translation
“Happiness of the heart arising from seeing or attaining one’s desired object is called harṣa . In this state standing of the hair on end, perspiration, tears, glowing face, confusion ( āvega ), insanity ( unmāda ), indecision ( jaḍatā ) and fainting ( moha ) occur.”
2.4.149
Sourceतत्र अभीष्टेक्षणेन, यथा श्री-विष्णु-पुराणे [वि.पु. ५.१७.२५]-- तौ दृष्ट्वा विकसद्-वक्त्र-सरोजः स महामतिः । पुलकाञ्चित-सर्वाङ्गस् तदाक्रूरो ऽभवन् मुने
tatra abhīṣṭekṣaṇena, yathā śrī-viṣṇu-purāṇe [vi.pu. 5.17.25]-- tau dṛṣṭvā vikasad-vaktra-sarojaḥ sa mahāmatiḥ | pulakāñcita-sarvāṅgas tadākrūro 'bhavan mune
English translation
Joy on seeing one’s desired object, from Viṣṇu Purāṇa : “O sage! When Akrura saw Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma , his lotus face blossomed with joy and all his hairs stood on end.”
2.4.150
Sourceअभीष्ट-लाभेन, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.३३.१२)-- तत्रैकांसगतं बाहुं कृष्णस्योत्पलसौरभम् । चन्दनालिप्तम् आघ्राय हृष्टरोमा चुचुम्ब ह
abhīṣṭa-lābhena, yathā śrī-daśame (10.33.12)-- tatraikāṃsagataṃ bāhuṃ kṛṣṇasyotpalasaurabham | candanāliptam āghrāya hṛṣṭaromā cucumba ha
English translation
Joy from attaining one’s desired object, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad- Bhāgavatam [10.33.11]: “Upon the shoulder of one gopī Kṛṣṇa placed His arm, whose natural blue- lotus fragrance was mixed with that of the sandalwood pulp anointing it. As the gopī relished that fragrance, her bodily hair stood on end in jubilation, and she kissed His arm.”
2.4.151
Sourceअथ (२६) औत्सुक्यम्-- कालाक्षमत्वम् औत्सुक्यम् इष्टेक्षाप्ति-स्पृहादिभिः । मुख-शोष-त्वरा-चिन्ता-निःश्वास-स्थिरतादिकृत्
atha (26) autsukyam-- kālākṣamatvam autsukyam iṣṭekṣāpti-spṛhādibhiḥ | mukha-śoṣa-tvarā-cintā-niḥśvāsa-sthiratādikṛt
English translation
“Inability to tolerate the passing of time, arising from desire to see or attain a desired object is called autsukhyam (impatience). In this state there is drying of the mouth, haste, pondering and prominence of breathing.”
2.4.152
Sourceप्राप्तं निशम्य नर-लोचन-पान-पात्रम् औत्सुक्य-विश्लथित-केश-दुकूल-बद्धाः । सद्यो विसृज्य गृह-कर्म पतींश् च तल्पे द्रष्टुं ययुर् युवतयः स्म नरेन्द्र-मार्गे
prāptaṃ niśamya nara-locana-pāna-pātram autsukya-viślathita-keśa-dukūla-baddhāḥ | sadyo visṛjya gṛha-karma patīṃś ca talpe draṣṭuṃ yayur yuvatayaḥ sma narendra-mārge
English translation
Impatience arising from a desire to see one’s cherished object, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.71.33]: “When the young women of the city heard that Lord Kṛṣṇa , the reservoir of pleasure for human eyes, had arrived, they hurriedly went onto the royal road to see Him. They abandoned their household duties and even left their husbands in bed, and in their eagerness the knots of their hair and garments came loose.”
2.4.153
Sourceप्रकटित-निज-वासं स्निग्ध-वेणु-प्रणादैर् द्रुत-गति हरिम् आरात् प्राप्य कुञ्जे स्मिताक्षी । श्रवण-कुहर-कण्डुं तन्वती नम्र-वक्त्रा स्नपयति निज-दास्ये राधिका मां कदा नु
prakaṭita-nija-vāsaṃ snigdha-veṇu-praṇādair druta-gati harim ārāt prāpya kuñje smitākṣī | śravaṇa-kuhara-kaṇḍuṃ tanvatī namra-vaktrā snapayati nija-dāsye rādhikā māṃ kadā nu
English translation
Another example, from Stavāvalī, Śrī-Rādhikāṣṭaka: “When Kṛṣṇa revealed His whereabouts in the grove by the sound of His flute , Rādhā coming quickly to the grove with a smiling face, remained waiting with head hung down, eager to hear Kṛṣṇa’s words. When will that Rādhā engage me in Her service?”
2.4.154
Sourceनर्म-कर्मठतया सखी-गणे द्राघयत्य् अघहराग्रतः कथाम् । गुच्छक-ग्रहण-कैतवाद् असौ गह्वरं द्रुत-पद-क्रमं ययौ
narma-karmaṭhatayā sakhī-gaṇe drāghayaty aghaharāgrataḥ kathām | gucchaka-grahaṇa-kaitavād asau gahvaraṃ druta-pada-kramaṃ yayau
English translation
Impatience arising from desire to attain one’s object: “When the gopīs tried to prolong the conversation with Kṛṣṇa by expert joking, and thus delay Him, Rādhā came to the grove quickly, on the pretext of accepting a bunch of flowers.”
2.4.155
Sourceअथ (२७) औग्र्यम्-- अपराध-दुरुक्त्य्-आदि- जातं चण्डत्वम् उग्रता । वध-बन्ध-शिरः-कम्प-भर्त्सनोत्ताडनादि-कृत्
atha (27) augryam-- aparādha-durukty-ādi- jātaṃ caṇḍatvam ugratā | vadha-bandha-śiraḥ-kampa-bhartsanottāḍanādi-kṛt
English translation
“Ferocity arising from offenses and harsh words is called augrya . In that state killing, binding, shaking the head, shouting loudly and beating occur.”
2.4.156
Sourceस्फुरति मयि भुजङ्गी-गर्भ-विश्रंसि-कीर्तौ विरचयति मद्-ईशे किल्बिषं कालियो ऽपि । हुत-भुजि बत कुर्यां जाठरे वौषड् एनं सपदि दनुज-हन्तुः किन्तु रोषाद् बिभेमि
sphurati mayi bhujaṅgī-garbha-viśraṃsi-kīrtau viracayati mad-īśe kilbiṣaṃ kāliyo 'pi | huta-bhuji bata kuryāṃ jāṭhare vauṣaḍ enaṃ sapadi danuja-hantuḥ kintu roṣād bibhemi
English translation
“ Garuda said: ‘By my power the snakes have abortions. But Kāliya is offending my Master in my presence. I want to offer him to the fire in my stomach, but I am afraid of Kṛṣṇa’s anger.’ ”
2.4.157
Sourceप्रभवति विबुधानाम् अग्रिमस्याग्र-पूजां न हि दनुज-रिपोर् यः प्रौङ्ध-कीर्तेर् विसोढुम् । कटुतर-यम-दण्डोद्दण्ड-रोचिर् मयासौ शिरसि पृथुनि तस्य न्यस्यते सव्य-पादः
prabhavati vibudhānām agrimasyāgra-pūjāṃ na hi danuja-ripor yaḥ prauṅdha-kīrter visoḍhum | kaṭutara-yama-daṇḍoddaṇḍa-rocir mayāsau śirasi pṛthuni tasya nyasyate savya-pādaḥ
English translation
Augrya arising from harsh words against Kṛṣṇa , in a statement by Sahadeva : “I will place my left foot with more force than Yama’s punishment on the head of that person who cannot tolerate the first worship of Kṛṣṇa—who is full of all glories and worshiped by all devatās .”
2.4.158
Sourceरताः किल नृपासने क्षितिप-लक्ष-भुक्तोज्झिते खलाः कुरु-कुलाधमाः प्रभुम् अजाण्ड-कोटिष्व् अमी । हहा बत विडम्बना शिव शिवाद्य नः शृण्वतां हठाद् इह कटाक्षयन्त्य् अखिल-वन्द्यम् अप्य् अच्युतम्
ratāḥ kila nṛpāsane kṣitipa-lakṣa-bhuktojjhite khalāḥ kuru-kulādhamāḥ prabhum ajāṇḍa-koṭiṣv amī | hahā bata viḍambanā śiva śivādya naḥ śṛṇvatāṃ haṭhād iha kaṭākṣayanty akhila-vandyam apy acyutam
English translation
Baladeva speaks: “O Lord! These evil men, lowest members of the Kuru dynasty, having attained and given up the qualities of kings, are attached to sitting on the king’s throne. How painful it is to have to hear them today in the assembly boldly insulting Acyuta , worthy of praise by the whole universe.”
2.4.160
Sourceतत्र स्वेदः शिरःकम्पो विवर्णत्वं विचिन्तनम् । उपायान्वेषणाक्रोश-वैमुख्योत्ताडनादयः
tatra svedaḥ śiraḥkampo vivarṇatvaṃ vicintanam | upāyānveṣaṇākrośa-vaimukhyottāḍanādayaḥ
English translation
“Intolerance arising from contempt, insult or other causes is called amarṣa (indignation). In this state perspiration, shaking the head, change of color, pondering, looking for methods, shouting, turning away and beating occur.”
2.4.161
Sourceनिर्धौतानाम् अखिल-धरणी-माधुरीणां धूरीणा कल्याणी मे निवसति वधूः पश्य पार्श्वे नवोढा । अन्तर्गोष्ठे चटुल नटयन्न् अत्र नेत्र-त्रिभागं निःशङ्कस् त्वं भ्रमसि भविता नाकुलत्वं कुतो मे
nirdhautānām akhila-dharaṇī-mādhurīṇāṃ dhūrīṇā kalyāṇī me nivasati vadhūḥ paśya pārśve navoḍhā | antargoṣṭhe caṭula naṭayann atra netra-tribhāgaṃ niḥśaṅkas tvaṃ bhramasi bhavitā nākulatvaṃ kuto me
English translation
Indignation arising from contempt, from Vidagdha- mādhava : “Jaṭilā said to Kṛṣṇa : ‘See! My son’s new, auspicious bride, endowed with all the sweetness of the earth, is sitting by my side. O unsteady boy! You cannot disturb me, though You wander fearlessly through Vraja moving Your eyebrows!”
2.4.162
Sourceकदम्ब-वन-तस्कर द्रुतम् अपेहि किं चाटुभिर् जने भवति मद्-विधे परिभवो हि नातः परः । त्वया व्रज-मृगी-दृशां सदसि हन्त चन्द्रावली वरापि यद् अयोग्यया स्फुटम् अदूषि ताराख्यया
kadamba-vana-taskara drutam apehi kiṃ cāṭubhir jane bhavati mad-vidhe paribhavo hi nātaḥ paraḥ | tvayā vraja-mṛgī-dṛśāṃ sadasi hanta candrāvalī varāpi yad ayogyayā sphuṭam adūṣi tārākhyayā
English translation
Indignation arising from disrespect, in the words of Padmā : “O thief in the kadamba forest! Come here quickly and do not use clever words! There is no greater disrespect for a person like me than to directly spoil excellent Candrāvalī in the assembly of gopīs by uttering the unsuitable name of Rādhā .”
2.4.163
Sourceपति-सुतान्वय-भार्तृ-बान्धवान् अतिविलङ्घ्य ते ऽन्त्य् अच्युतागताः । गति-विदस् तवोद्गीत-मोहिताः कितव योषितः कस् त्यजेन् निशि
pati-sutānvaya-bhārtṛ-bāndhavān ativilaṅghya te 'nty acyutāgatāḥ | gati-vidas tavodgīta-mohitāḥ kitava yoṣitaḥ kas tyajen niśi
English translation
Indignation arising from being cheated, indicated by the word ādi, from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.31.17]: “Dear Acyuta , You know very well why we have come here. Who but a cheater like You would abandon young women who come to see Him in the midle of the night, enchanted with the loud song of His flute ? Just to see You, we have completely rejected our husbands, children, ancestors, brothers and other relatives.”
2.4.164
Sourceअथ (२९) असूया-- द्वेषः परोदये ऽसूयान्य-सौभाग्य-गुणादिभिः । तत्रेर्ष्यानादराक्षेपा दोषारोपो गुणेष्व् अपि । अपवृत्तिस् तिरो-वीक्षा भ्रुवोर् भङ्गुरतादयः
atha (29) asūyā-- dveṣaḥ parodaye 'sūyānya-saubhāgya-guṇādibhiḥ | tatrerṣyānādarākṣepā doṣāropo guṇeṣv api | apavṛttis tiro-vīkṣā bhruvor bhaṅguratādayaḥ
English translation
“Hatred arising from others’ increase of good fortune or qualities is called asūyā (envy or fault-finding). In this state, malice, disrespect, insult, fault- finding, speaking ill of others, casting evil glances and miving the eyebrows occur.”
2.4.165
Sourceमा गर्वम् उद्वह कपोल-तले चकास्ति कृष्ण-स्वहस्त-लिखिता नव-मञ्जरीति । अन्यापि किं न सखि भाजनम् ईदृशीनां वैरी न चेद् भवति वेपथुर् अन्तरायः
mā garvam udvaha kapola-tale cakāsti kṛṣṇa-svahasta-likhitā nava-mañjarīti | anyāpi kiṃ na sakhi bhājanam īdṛśīnāṃ vairī na ced bhavati vepathur antarāyaḥ
English translation
Envy arising from others’ increase of good fortune, from Padyāvalī [302]: “Do not be proud, now that you attain the glory of a new mañjarī marked with the hand of Kṛṣṇa on your forehead. Can no one else be the recipient of that mark? Others would also have this good fortune if our enemy’s hand did not shake.”
2.4.166
Sourceयथा वा श्री-दशमे (१०.३०.३०)-- तस्या अमूनि नः क्षोभं कुर्वन्त्य् उच्चैः पदानि यत् । यैकापहृत्य गोपीनां रहो भुङ्क्ते ऽच्युताधरम्
yathā vā śrī-daśame (10.30.30)-- tasyā amūni naḥ kṣobhaṃ kurvanty uccaiḥ padāni yat | yaikāpahṛtya gopīnāṃ raho bhuṅkte 'cyutādharam
English translation
From the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.30.30]:
“These footprints of that special gopī greatly disturb us. Of all the gopīs , She alone was taken away to a secluded place, where She is enjoying the lips of Kṛṣṇa .”
2.4.167
Sourceगुणेन, यथा-- स्वयं पराजयं प्राप्तान् कृष्ण-पक्षान् विजित्य नः । बलिष्ठा बल-पक्षाश् चेद् दुर्बलाः के ततः क्षितौ
guṇena, yathā-- svayaṃ parājayaṃ prāptān kṛṣṇa-pakṣān vijitya naḥ | baliṣṭhā bala-pakṣāś ced durbalāḥ ke tataḥ kṣitau
English translation
Envy arising from increase of good qualities: “ Balarāma ’s team thinks itself strong and able to defeat our team with Kṛṣṇa on our side, but is there anyone weaker than Balarāma’s team in this world?”
2.4.168
Sourceअथ (३०) चापल्यम्-- राग-द्वेषादिभिश् चित्त-लाघवं चापलं भवेत् । तत्राविचार-पारुष्य-स्वच्छन्दाचरणादयः
atha (30) cāpalyam-- rāga-dveṣādibhiś citta-lāghavaṃ cāpalaṃ bhavet | tatrāvicāra-pāruṣya-svacchandācaraṇādayaḥ
English translation
“ Cāpalam (insolence) means inconsiderateness of the heart arising from attraction or repulsion. In this state, lack of judgment, rough words and careless actions occur.”
2.4.169
Sourceश्वो भाविनि त्वम् अजितोद्वहने विदर्भान् गुप्तः समेत्य पृतना-पतिभिः परीतः । निर्मथ्य चैद्य-मगधेश-बलं प्रसह्य मां राक्षसेन विधिनोद्वह वीर्य-शुल्काम्
śvo bhāvini tvam ajitodvahane vidarbhān guptaḥ sametya pṛtanā-patibhiḥ parītaḥ | nirmathya caidya-magadheśa-balaṃ prasahya māṃ rākṣasena vidhinodvaha vīrya-śulkām
English translation
Cāpalya arising from attachment: “O unconquerable one, tomorrow when my marriage ceremony is about to begin, You should arrive unseen in Vidarbha and surround Yourself with the leaders of Your army. Then crush the forces of Caidya and Magadhendra and marry me in the Rākṣasa style, winning me with Your valor.”
2.4.170
Sourceद्वेषेण, यथा-- वंशी-पूरेण कालिन्द्याः सिन्धुं विन्दतु वाहिता । गुरोर् अपि पुरो नीवीं या भ्रंशयति सुभ्रुवाम्
dveṣeṇa, yathā-- vaṃśī-pūreṇa kālindyāḥ sindhuṃ vindatu vāhitā | guror api puro nīvīṃ yā bhraṃśayati subhruvām
English translation
Cāpalyam arising from hatred: “May the flute , which loosens the cords tying the clothing of the beautiful women, enter the ocean on the waves of the Yamunā !”
2.4.171
Sourceअथ (३१) निद्रा-- चिन्तालस्य-निसर्ग-क्लमादिभिश् चित्त-मीलनं निद्रा । तत्राङ्ग-भङ्ग-जृम्भा-जाड्य-श्वासाक्षि-मीलनानि स्युः
atha (31) nidrā-- cintālasya-nisarga-klamādibhiś citta-mīlanaṃ nidrā | tatrāṅga-bhaṅga-jṛmbhā-jāḍya-śvāsākṣi-mīlanāni syuḥ
English translation
“Suspension of external awareness arising from pondering, lack of energy, natural tendency and fatigue is called nidrā or sleep. In this state, rubbing the limbs, yawning, inaction, heavy breathing and closing the eyes occur.”
2.4.172
Sourceतत्र चिन्तया, यथा-- लोहितायति मार्तण्डे वेणु-ध्वनिम् अशृण्वती । चिन्तयाक्रान्त-हृदया निदद्रौ नन्द-गेहिनी
tatra cintayā, yathā-- lohitāyati mārtaṇḍe veṇu-dhvanim aśṛṇvatī | cintayākrānta-hṛdayā nidadrau nanda-gehinī
English translation
Nidrā arising from worry: “When the sun turned read at sunset and she did not hear the sound of the flute , Yaśodā entered a state of nidrā , being afflicted by excessive pondering of the situation.”
2.4.173
Sourceआलस्येन, यथा-- दामोदरस्य बन्धन-कर्मभिर् अतिनिःसहाङ्ग-लतिकेयम् । दर-विघूर्णितोत्तमाङ्गा कृताङ्ग-भङ्गा व्रजेश्वरी स्फुरति
ālasyena, yathā-- dāmodarasya bandhana-karmabhir atiniḥsahāṅga-latikeyam | dara-vighūrṇitottamāṅgā kṛtāṅga-bhaṅgā vrajeśvarī sphurati
English translation
Nidrā arising from lack of energy: When Yaśodā tied up Kṛṣṇa , she was unable to move her body. She became dizzy. Rubbing her limbs, she entered a state of nidrā .
2.4.174
Sourceअघहर तव वीर्य-प्रोषिताशेष-चिन्ताः परिहृत-गृह-वास्तु-द्वार-बन्धानुबद्धाः । निज-निजम् इह रात्रौ प्राङ्गनं शोभयन्तः सुखम् अविचलद्-अङ्गाः शेरते पश्य गोपाः
aghahara tava vīrya-proṣitāśeṣa-cintāḥ parihṛta-gṛha-vāstu-dvāra-bandhānubaddhāḥ | nija-nijam iha rātrau prāṅganaṃ śobhayantaḥ sukham avicalad-aṅgāḥ śerate paśya gopāḥ
English translation
Nidrā arising from natural urge: “O killer of Agha ! Look! Having extinguished all fears by thinking of Your exploits, the cowherd men have given up locking their doors and sleep at night in the yards of their houses without moving their limbs.”
2.4.175
Sourceक्लमेन, यथा-- सङ्क्रान्त-धातु-चित्रा सुरतान्ते सा नितान्त-तान्ताऽद्य । वक्षसि निक्षिप्ताङ्गी हरेर् विशाखा ययौ निद्राम्
klamena, yathā-- saṅkrānta-dhātu-citrā suratānte sā nitānta-tāntā'dya | vakṣasi nikṣiptāṅgī harer viśākhā yayau nidrām
English translation
Nidrā arising from fatigue: “Viṣākhā, tinged with the colors of Kṛṣṇa ’s cosmetics , tired after enjoyment, is sleeping on Kṛṣṇa’s chest.”
2.4.176
Sourceयुक्तास्य स्फूर्ति-मात्रेण निर्विशेषेण केनचित् । हृन्-मीलनात् पुरो ऽवस्था निद्रा भक्तेषु कथ्यते
yuktāsya sphūrti-mātreṇa nirviśeṣeṇa kenacit | hṛn-mīlanāt puro 'vasthā nidrā bhakteṣu kathyate
English translation
“The state just prior to extinguishing of consciousness, in which there is appearance of Kṛṣṇa without particular pastimes, is called nidrā for the devotees.”
2.4.177
Sourceअथ (३२) सुप्तिः-- सुप्तिर् निद्रा-विभावा स्यान् नानार्थानुभवात्मिका । इन्द्रियोपरति-श्वास-नेत्र-संमीलनादि-कृत्
atha (32) suptiḥ-- suptir nidrā-vibhāvā syān nānārthānubhavātmikā | indriyoparati-śvāsa-netra-saṃmīlanādi-kṛt
English translation
“Sleep in which there are various thoughts and experience of objects is called supti or dreaming. In this state there is absence of the functions of the external senses, heavy breathing and closing the eyes.”
2.4.178
Sourceकामं तामरसाक्ष केलि-विततिः प्रादुष्कृता शैशवी दर्पः सर्प-पतेस् तद् अस्य तरसा निर्धूयताम् उद्धूरः । इत्य् उत्स्वप्न-गिरा चिराद् यदु-सभां विस्मापयन् स्मेरयन् निःश्वासेन दरोत्तरङ्गद्-उदरं निद्रां गतो लाङ्गली
kāmaṃ tāmarasākṣa keli-vitatiḥ prāduṣkṛtā śaiśavī darpaḥ sarpa-pates tad asya tarasā nirdhūyatām uddhūraḥ | ity utsvapna-girā cirād yadu-sabhāṃ vismāpayan smerayan niḥśvāsena darottaraṅgad-udaraṃ nidrāṃ gato lāṅgalī
English translation
An example: “ Baladeva astonished the assembly of the Yadus and made them laugh when He went to sleep. While breathing heavily and heaving His belly, He exclaimed in a dream state, ‘O lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa ! You have magnificently
manifested Your wealth of childhood pastimes by powerfully crushing the intolerable pride of Kāliya , the king of snakes.’ ”
2.4.179
Sourceअथ (३३) बोधः-- अविद्या-मोह-निद्रादेर् ध्वंसोद्बोधः प्रबुद्धता
atha (33) bodhaḥ-- avidyā-moha-nidrāder dhvaṃsodbodhaḥ prabuddhatā
English translation
“Enlightenment of appearance of knowledge caused by destruction of ignorance, moha and sleep is called bodha .”
2.4.180
Sourceतत्र अविद्या-ध्वंसतः-- अविद्या-ध्वंसतो बोधो विद्योदय-पुरःसरः । अशेष-क्लेश-विश्रान्ति-स्वरूपावगमादि-कृत्
tatra avidyā-dhvaṃsataḥ-- avidyā-dhvaṃsato bodho vidyodaya-puraḥsaraḥ | aśeṣa-kleśa-viśrānti-svarūpāvagamādi-kṛt
English translation
Bodha arising from destruction of ignorance: “Enlightenment occurs after the appearance of knowledge, which occurs after the removal of ignorance. This enlightenment consists of realizing one’s identity with brahman , which destroys unlimited suffering.”
2.4.181
Sourceविन्दन् विद्या-दीपिकां स्व-स्वरूपं बुद्ध्वा सद्यः सत्य-विज्ञान-रूपम् । निष्प्रत्यूहस् तत् परं ब्रह्म मूर्तं सान्द्रानन्दाकारम् अन्वेषयामि
vindan vidyā-dīpikāṃ sva-svarūpaṃ buddhvā sadyaḥ satya-vijñāna-rūpam | niṣpratyūhas tat paraṃ brahma mūrtaṃ sāndrānandākāram anveṣayāmi
English translation
Another example: “Realizing my svarūpa of eternity and knowledge after attaining the lamp of knowledge, without obstacle, I will now search for the Supreme Brahman personified, composed of concentrated bliss.”
2.4.182
Sourceमोह-ध्वंसतः-- बोधो मोह-क्षयाच् छब्द-गन्ध-स्पर्श-रसैर् हरेः । दृग्-उन्मीलन-रोमाञ्च-धरोत्थानादि-कृद् भवेत्
moha-dhvaṃsataḥ-- bodho moha-kṣayāc chabda-gandha-sparśa-rasair hareḥ | dṛg-unmīlana-romāñca-dharotthānādi-kṛd bhavet
English translation
Bodha arising from the destruction of moha : “When moha is destroyed by the sound, fragrance, touch and taste of the Lord, there is bodha . In this state the eyes are open, hairs stand on end, and there is rising from the ground.”
2.4.183
Sourceप्रथम-दर्शन-रूढ-सुखावली- कवलितेन्द्रिय-वृत्तिर् अभूद् इयम् । अघ-भिदः किल नाम्न्य् उदिते श्रुतौ ललितयोदमिमीलद् इहाक्षिणी
prathama-darśana-rūḍha-sukhāvalī- kavalitendriya-vṛttir abhūd iyam | agha-bhidaḥ kila nāmny udite śrutau lalitayodamimīlad ihākṣiṇī
English translation
Bodha from the destruction of moha , arising from the sound of the Lord: “All of Rādhā ’s senses stopped functioning ( moha ) due to the bliss generated from first seeing Kṛṣṇa . Then when Lalitā uttered the Holy Names of Kṛṣṇa in Her ear, she opened Her eyes.”
2.4.184
Sourceअचिरम् अघ-हरेण त्यागतः स्रस्त-गात्री वन-भुवि शवलाङ्गी शान्त-निःश्वास-वृत्तिः । प्रसरति वन-माला सौरभे पश्य राधा पुलकित-तनुर् एषा पांशु-पुञ्जाद् उदस्थात्
aciram agha-hareṇa tyāgataḥ srasta-gātrī vana-bhuvi śavalāṅgī śānta-niḥśvāsa-vṛttiḥ | prasarati vana-mālā saurabhe paśya rādhā pulakita-tanur eṣā pāṃśu-puñjād udasthāt
English translation
Arising from smell: “Once when Kṛṣṇa disappeared from the presence of Rādhā, She lost control of Her limbs, lost Her color and lost Her breath. She fell on the forest earth. When the fragrance of Kṛṣṇa’s forest garland spread in all directions, Rādhā’s hairs stood on end by smelling the fragrance, and look—She rose from the ground.”
2.4.185
Sourceअसौ पाणि-स्पर्शो मधुर-मसृणः कस्य विजयी विशीर्यन्त्याः सौर-पुलिन-वनम् आलोक्य मम यः । दुरन्ताम् उद्धूय प्रसभम् अभितो वैशस-मयीं द्रुतं मूर्च्छाम् अन्तः सखि सुख-मयीं पल्लवयति
asau pāṇi-sparśo madhura-masṛṇaḥ kasya vijayī viśīryantyāḥ saura-pulina-vanam ālokya mama yaḥ | durantām uddhūya prasabham abhito vaiśasa-mayīṃ drutaṃ mūrcchām antaḥ sakhi sukha-mayīṃ pallavayati
English translation
Breaking moha by touch: “O friend! Whose touch is this, that is soft, blissful and all-conquering? Seeing the bank of the Yamunā I had fainted. The touch of that hand completely removed My fainting condition, which gave Me so much suffering, by force, producing in Me a fainting condition of happiness.”
2.4.186
Sourceअन्तर्हिते त्वयि बलानुज रास-केलौ स्रस्ताङ्ग-यष्टिर् अजनिष्ट सखी विसंज्ञा । ताम्बूल-चर्वितम् अवाप्य तवाम्बुजाक्षी न्यस्तं मया मुख-पुटे पुलकोज्ज्वलासीत्
antarhite tvayi balānuja rāsa-kelau srastāṅga-yaṣṭir ajaniṣṭa sakhī visaṃjñā | tāmbūla-carvitam avāpya tavāmbujākṣī nyastaṃ mayā mukha-puṭe pulakojjvalāsīt
English translation
Destruction of moha caused by taste: “Younger brother of Balarāma ! When You disappeared during the rāsa dance, my friend Rādhā lost control of Her body and became unconscious. But when lotus-eyed Rādhā tasted Your chewed tāmbūla that I placed in Her mouth, Her hairs stood on end.”
2.4.187
Sourceनिद्राध्वंसतः-- बोधो निद्राक्षयात् स्वप्न-निद्रा-पूर्ति-स्वनादिभिः । तत्राक्षि-मर्दनं शय्या-मोक्षो ऽङ्ग-वलनादयः
nidrādhvaṃsataḥ-- bodho nidrākṣayāt svapna-nidrā-pūrti-svanādibhiḥ | tatrākṣi-mardanaṃ śayyā-mokṣo 'ṅga-valanādayaḥ
English translation
Bodha arising from breaking sleep: “There is bodha when sleep is broken by a dream, by sufficient rest and by noise. In this state rubbing the eyes, rising from bed and rubbing the limbs occurs.”
2.4.188
Sourceइयं ते हास-श्रीर् विरमतु विमुञ्चाञ्चलम् इदं न यावद्-वृद्धायै स्फुटम् अभिदधे त्वच्-चटुलताम् । इति स्वप्ने जल्पन्त्य् अचिरम् अवबुद्धा गुरुम् असौ पुरो दृष्ट्वा गौरी नमित-मुख-बिम्बा मुहुर् अभूत्
iyaṃ te hāsa-śrīr viramatu vimuñcāñcalam idaṃ na yāvad-vṛddhāyai sphuṭam abhidadhe tvac-caṭulatām | iti svapne jalpanty aciram avabuddhā gurum asau puro dṛṣṭvā gaurī namita-mukha-bimbā muhur abhūt
English translation
Bodha arising from breaking sleep through a dream: “ ‘O Kṛṣṇa ! Do not laugh. Stop pulling the edge of My cloth, otherwise I will tell Jaṭilā about Your fickle behavior.’ Saying this, in a dream, Rādhā suddenly awoke. Seeing her elders in front of Her, She became very bashful and hung Her head.”
2.4.189
Sourceनिद्रा-पूर्त्या, यथा-- दूती चागात् तद्-आगारं जजागार च राधिका । तूर्णं पुण्यवतीनां हि तनोति फलम् उद्यमः
nidrā-pūrtyā, yathā-- dūtī cāgāt tad-āgāraṃ jajāgāra ca rādhikā | tūrṇaṃ puṇyavatīnāṃ hi tanoti phalam udyamaḥ
English translation
Bodha arising from breaking sleep sue to sufficient rest: “Just when the messenger arrived at Her house, Rādhā woke up. It is seen that the attempts of those with sufficient pious credits quickly bear fruit.”
2.4.190
Sourceस्वनेन, यथा-- दूराद् विद्रावयन् निद्रा-मरालीर् गोप-सुभ्रुवाम् । सारङ्ग-रङ्गदं रेजे वेणु-वारिद-गर्जितम्
svanena, yathā-- dūrād vidrāvayan nidrā-marālīr gopa-subhruvām | sāraṅga-raṅgadaṃ reje veṇu-vārida-garjitam
English translation
By sound: “Just as the rumbling of the clouds that gives joy to the peacocks causes the swans to fly away, so the sound of the flute broke the sleep of the gopīs .”
2.4.193
Sourceसंशयो धार्ष्ट्यम् इत्य् आद्या भावा ये स्युः परे ऽपि च । उक्तेष्व् अन्तर्भवन्तीति न पृथक्त्वेन दर्शिताः
saṃśayo dhārṣṭyam ity ādyā bhāvā ye syuḥ pare 'pi ca | ukteṣv antarbhavantīti na pṛthaktvena darśitāḥ
English translation
“All other conditions such as envy, agitation, deceit, spite, discrimination, coming to conclusion, impotence, toleration, curiosity, longing, modesty, doubt and audacity can be included in the thirty-three vyābhicaārī-bhāvas, and thus have not been described separately.”
2.4.195
Sourceऔत्सुक्ये कुतुकोत्कण्ठे लज्जायां विनयस् तथा । संशयो ऽन्तर्भवेत् तर्के तथा धार्ष्ट्यं च चापले
autsukye kutukotkaṇṭhe lajjāyāṃ vinayas tathā | saṃśayo 'ntarbhavet tarke tathā dhārṣṭyaṃ ca cāpale
English translation
“Thus
2.4.196
Sourceएषां सञ्चारि-भावानां मध्ये कश्चन कस्यचित् । विभावश् चानुभावश् च भवेद् एव परस्परम्
eṣāṃ sañcāri-bhāvānāṃ madhye kaścana kasyacit | vibhāvaś cānubhāvaś ca bhaved eva parasparam
English translation
“Among the vyābhicārī-bhāvas , some act as cause ( vibhāva ) and some as effect ( anubhāva ).”
2.4.197
Sourceनिर्वेदे तु यथेर्ष्याया भवेद् अत्र विभावता । असूयायां पुनस् तस्या व्यक्तम् उक्तानुभावता
nirvede tu yatherṣyāyā bhaved atra vibhāvatā | asūyāyāṃ punas tasyā vyaktam uktānubhāvatā
English translation
“Thus īrṣya (malice) is the cause of nirveda (self-disgust) and the effect of asūyā (envy). This has already been stated.”
2.4.198
Sourceऔत्सुक्यं प्रति चिन्तायाः कथितात्रानुभावता । निद्रां प्रति विभावत्वम् एवं ज्ञेयः परे ऽप्य् अमी
autsukyaṃ prati cintāyāḥ kathitātrānubhāvatā | nidrāṃ prati vibhāvatvam evaṃ jñeyaḥ pare 'py amī
English translation
“ Cintā (pondering) is the effect of autsukya (impatience) and the cause of nidrā (sleep). In this way one should understand how the vyābhicārī-bhāvas act mutually as anubhāva (actions as effect) and vibhāva (actions as cause).”
2.4.199
Sourceएषां च सात्त्विकानां च तथा नाना-क्रिया-ततेः । कार्य-कारण-भावस् तु ज्ञेयः प्रायेण लोकतः
eṣāṃ ca sāttvikānāṃ ca tathā nānā-kriyā-tateḥ | kārya-kāraṇa-bhāvas tu jñeyaḥ prāyeṇa lokataḥ
English translation
“The causes and effects of vyābhicārī-bhāvas, sāttvika-bhāvas and various other actions should be understood to be similar to situations in the material world .”
2.4.200
Sourceनिन्दायास् तु विभावत्वं वैवर्ण्यामर्षयोर् मतम् । असूयायां पुनस् तस्याः कथितैवानुभावता
nindāyās tu vibhāvatvaṃ vaivarṇyāmarṣayor matam | asūyāyāṃ punas tasyāḥ kathitaivānubhāvatā
English translation
“Criticism or other actions are considered to be the cause of change of color (a sāttvika-bhāva ) and amarṣa (indignation, a vyābhicārī- bhāva ) and the effect of asūyā (envy, a vyābhicārī-bhāva ).”
2.4.201
Sourceप्रहारस्य विभावत्वं संमोह-प्रलयौ प्रति । औग्र्यं प्रत्यनुभावत्वम् एवं ज्ञेयाः परे ऽपि च
prahārasya vibhāvatvaṃ saṃmoha-pralayau prati | augryaṃ pratyanubhāvatvam evaṃ jñeyāḥ pare 'pi ca
English translation
“Beating is the cause of moha (fainting, a vyābhicārī- bhāva ) and pralaya (a sāttvika-bhāva ). It is also the effect of augrya (ferocity, a vyābhicārī-bhāva ). Other states should be understood similarly.”
2.4.202
Sourceत्रास-निद्रा-श्रमालस्य-मद-भिद्-बोध-वर्जिनाम् । सञ्चारिणाम् इह क्वापि भवेद् रत्य्-अनुभावता
trāsa-nidrā-śramālasya-mada-bhid-bodha-varjinām | sañcāriṇām iha kvāpi bhaved raty-anubhāvatā
English translation
“The vyābhicārī-bhāvas of trāsa (terror), nidrā (sleep), śrama (disturbance), ālasya (lack of enthusiasm) and māda (madness) arise from intoxication, and bodha arises somewhat as as the effect of rati .”
2.4.203
Sourceसाक्षाद्-रतेर् न सम्बन्धः षड्भिस् त्रासादिभिः सह । स्यात् परस्परया किन्तु लीलानुगुणताकृते
sākṣād-rater na sambandhaḥ ṣaḍbhis trāsādibhiḥ saha | syāt parasparayā kintu līlānuguṇatākṛte
English translation
“ Rati has no direct relationship with the six vyābhicārī-bhāvas just mentioned. Rati has a relationship with them only because they support rati for encouraging pastimes.”
2.4.204
Sourceवितर्क-मति-निर्वेद-धृतीनां स्मृति-हर्षयोः । बोध-भिद्-दैन्य-सुप्तीनां क्वचिद् रति-विभावता
vitarka-mati-nirveda-dhṛtīnāṃ smṛti-harṣayoḥ | bodha-bhid-dainya-suptīnāṃ kvacid rati-vibhāvatā
English translation
“Similarly, vitarka (conjecture), mati (scriptural conclusion), nirveda (self- disgust), dhṛti (steadiness of heart), smṛti (remembrance), harṣa (joy) and the type of bodha arising from destruction of ignorance become somewhat the causes of rati . ”
2.4.205
Sourceपरतन्त्राः स्वतन्त्राश् चेत्य् उक्ताः सञ्चारिणो द्विधा
paratantrāḥ svatantrāś cety uktāḥ sañcāriṇo dvidhā
English translation
“The vyābhicārī-bhāvas may be either dependent upon or independent [of the primary and secondary ratis ].”
2.4.206
Sourceतत्र परतन्त्राः-- वरावरतया प्रोक्ताः परतन्त्रा अपि द्विधा
tatra paratantrāḥ-- varāvaratayā proktāḥ paratantrā api dvidhā
English translation
“The dependent vyābhicārī-bhāvas are either superior or inferior.”
2.4.207
Sourceतत्र वरः-- साक्षाद् व्यवहितश् चेति वरो ऽप्य् एष द्विधोदितः
tatra varaḥ-- sākṣād vyavahitaś ceti varo 'py eṣa dvidhoditaḥ
English translation
“The superior dependent vyābhicārī-bhāvas are either direct or indirect.”
2.4.208
Sourceतत्र साक्षात्-- मुख्याम् एव रतिं पुष्णन् साक्षाद् इत्य् अभिधीयते
tatra sākṣāt-- mukhyām eva ratiṃ puṣṇan sākṣād ity abhidhīyate
English translation
“A superior vyābhicārī- bhāva that nourishes a primary rati is called a direct superior dependent vyābhicārī-bhāva. ”
2.4.209
Sourceतनुरुहाली च तनुश् च नृत्यं तनोति मे नाम निशम्य यस्य । अपश्यतो माथुर-मण्डलं तद्- व्यर्थेन किं हन्त दृशोर् द्वयेन
tanuruhālī ca tanuś ca nṛtyaṃ tanoti me nāma niśamya yasya | apaśyato māthura-maṇḍalaṃ tad- vyarthena kiṃ hanta dṛśor dvayena
English translation
An example: “What is the use of eyes that do not see Mathurā , hearing whose name my hairs stand on end?”
2.4.210
Sourceअथ व्यवहितः-- पुष्णाति यो रतिं गौणीं स व्यवहितो मतः
atha vyavahitaḥ-- puṣṇāti yo ratiṃ gauṇīṃ sa vyavahito mataḥ
English translation
“A superior, dependent vyābhicārī- bhāva that nourishes a secondary rati is called an indirect ( vyavahita ) superior dependent vyābhicārī-bhāva .”
2.4.211
Sourceयथा-- धिग् अस्तु मे भुज-द्वन्द्वं भीमस्य परिघोपमम् । माधवाक्षेपिणं दुष्टं यत् पिनष्टि न चेदिपम्
yathā-- dhig astu me bhuja-dvandvaṃ bhīmasya parighopamam | mādhavākṣepiṇaṃ duṣṭaṃ yat pinaṣṭi na cedipam
English translation
“I am Bhīma . How unfortunate are my two arms, strong as iron beams, if they cannot crush the evil Śiṣupāla, the enemy of Kṛṣṇa !”
2.4.212
Sourceनिर्वेदः क्रोध-वश्यत्वाद् अयं व्यवहितो रतेः
nirvedaḥ krodha-vaśyatvād ayaṃ vyavahito rateḥ
English translation
“In the above verse, nirveda (self-deprecation) is under the control of the secondary rati of anger. Thus it is called indirect ( vyavahita ).”
2.4.213
Sourceअथ अवरः-- रस-द्वयस्याप्य् अङ्गत्वम् अगच्छन्न् अवरो मतः
atha avaraḥ-- rasa-dvayasyāpy aṅgatvam agacchann avaro mataḥ
English translation
“When the vyābhicārī- bhāva is not a component of either a primary or secondary rasa (does not nourish the rasa ) it is called an inferior dependent vyābhicārī-bhāva. ”
2.4.214
Sourceलेलिह्यमानं वदनैर् ज्वलद्भिर् जगन्ति दंष्ट्रास्फुटद्-उत्तमाङ्गैः । अवेक्ष्य कृष्णं धृत-विश्वरूपं न स्वं विशुष्यन् स्मरति स्म जिष्णुः
lelihyamānaṃ vadanair jvaladbhir jaganti daṃṣṭrāsphuṭad-uttamāṅgaiḥ | avekṣya kṛṣṇaṃ dhṛta-viśvarūpaṃ na svaṃ viśuṣyan smarati sma jiṣṇuḥ
English translation
“When Arjuna saw that the universal form of Kṛṣṇa was crushing the heads of the living entities in the universe with the teeth in His shining mouths, his mouth became dry and he forgot himself.”
2.4.215
Sourceघोर-क्रियाद्य्-अनुभावाद् आच्छाद्य सहजां रतिम् । दुर्वराविरभूद् भीतिर् मोहो ऽयं भी-वशस् ततः
ghora-kriyādy-anubhāvād ācchādya sahajāṃ ratim | durvarāvirabhūd bhītir moho 'yaṃ bhī-vaśas tataḥ
English translation
“Uncontrollable fear appeared when Arjuna experienced the frightful actions of the universal form of the Lord. This covers the normal rati of Arjuna (friendship). The vyābhicārī- bhāva of moha is under the control of fear, which is not a secondary rati [because fear is incompatible with friendship].”
2.4.216
Sourceअथ स्वतन्त्राः-- सदैव पारतन्त्र्ये ऽपि क्वचिद् एषां स्वतन्त्रता । भूपाल-सेवकस्येव प्रवृत्तस्य कर-ग्रहे
atha svatantrāḥ-- sadaiva pāratantrye 'pi kvacid eṣāṃ svatantratā | bhūpāla-sevakasyeva pravṛttasya kara-grahe
English translation
“Though all the vyābhicārī-bhāvas are dependent to some degree [upon the rati of the devotee], they manifest some independence. Though the employees of a king are dependent on the king, at the time of collecting the king’s taxes or during marriages, they show independence from the king.”
2.4.217
Sourceभावज्ञै रति-शून्यश् च रत्य्-अनुस्पर्शनस् तथा । रति-गन्धिश् च ते त्रेधा स्वतन्त्राः परिकीर्तिताः
bhāvajñai rati-śūnyaś ca raty-anusparśanas tathā | rati-gandhiś ca te tredhā svatantrāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
English translation
“Those knowledgeable of rati divide the independent vyābhicārī-bhāvas into three types: devoid of genuine rati , influenced by genuine rati and having a trace of rati .”
2.4.218
Sourceतत्र रति-शून्यः-- जनेषु रति-शून्येषु रति-शून्यो भवेद् असौ
tatra rati-śūnyaḥ-- janeṣu rati-śūnyeṣu rati-śūnyo bhaved asau
English translation
Fresh editorial translation from the GRETIL Hari-bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu TEI authority
Devoid of genuine rati: “When vyābhicārī- bhāvas are displayed in a person devoid of genuine rati , but not inimical to Kṛṣṇa , it is called rati-śunya- svatantra -vyābhicārī- bhāva [independent vyābhicārī-bhāva without rati ].”
The rati-śūnya type: among people devoid of rati, this state is called rati-śūnya.
2.4.219
Sourceयथा श्री-दशमे (१०.२३.३९)-- धिग् जन्म नस् त्रिवृद्-विद्यां धिग् व्रतं धिग् बहुज्ञताम् । धिक् कुलं धिक् क्रिया-दीक्षां विमुखा ये त्व् अधोक्षजे
yathā śrī-daśame (10.23.39)-- dhig janma nas trivṛd-vidyāṃ dhig vrataṃ dhig bahujñatām | dhik kulaṃ dhik kriyā-dīkṣāṃ vimukhā ye tv adhokṣaje
English translation
Independent self-depreciation, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.23.40]: “To hell with our threefold birth, our vow of celibacy and our extensive learning! To hell with our aristocratic background and our expertise in the rituals of sacrifice! These are all condemned because we were inimical to the transcendental Personality of Godhead.”
2.4.220
Sourceतत्र रत्य्-अनुस्पर्शनः-- यः स्वतो रति-गन्धेन विहीनो ऽपि प्रसङ्गतः । पश्चाद् रतिं स्पृशेद् एष रत्य्-अनुस्पर्शनो मतः
tatra raty-anusparśanaḥ-- yaḥ svato rati-gandhena vihīno 'pi prasaṅgataḥ | paścād ratiṃ spṛśed eṣa raty-anusparśano mataḥ
English translation
Influenced by genuine rati : “When a vyābhicārī- bhāva appears spontaneously but devoid of even rati- gandha [the third type of independent vyābhicārī-bhāva, having genuine rati as the indirect cause], but is related to genuine rati because the experiencer has genuine permanent rati, it is called raty-anusparśana- svatantra - vyābhicārī-bhāva [independent vyābhicārī-bhāva influenced by rati ].”
2.4.221
Sourceयथा-- गरिष्ठारिष्ट-टङ्कारैर् विधुरा वधिरायिता । हा कृष्ण पाहि पाहीति चुक्रोशाभीर-बालिका
yathā-- gariṣṭhāriṣṭa-ṭaṅkārair vidhurā vadhirāyitā | hā kṛṣṇa pāhi pāhīti cukrośābhīra-bālikā
English translation
Terror: “Hearing the roaring of the terrifying bull demon, the cowherd boys became fearful and almost deaf because of the loud sound. They began to shout ‘ Kṛṣṇa ! Please help us!’ ”
2.4.222
Sourceअथ रति-गन्धिः-- यः स्वातन्त्र्ये ऽपि तद्-गन्धं रति-गन्धिर् व्यनक्ति सः
atha rati-gandhiḥ-- yaḥ svātantrye 'pi tad-gandhaṃ rati-gandhir vyanakti saḥ
English translation
“When a vyābhicārī- bhāva shows a touch of rati even though it remains independent, it is called rati-gandhi- svatantra - vyābhicārī-bhāva [independent vyābhicārī-bhāva with a touch of rati ].”
2.4.223
Sourceपीतांशुकं परिचिनोमि धृतं त्वयाङ्गे सङ्गोपनाय न हि नप्त्रि विधेहि यत्नम् । इत्य् आर्यया निगदिता नमितोत्तमाङ्गा राधावगुण्ठित-मुखी तरसा तदासीत्
pītāṃśukaṃ paricinomi dhṛtaṃ tvayāṅge saṅgopanāya na hi naptri vidhehi yatnam | ity āryayā nigaditā namitottamāṅgā rādhāvaguṇṭhita-mukhī tarasā tadāsīt
English translation
Bashfulness: “ ‘O my daughter! I know why you are wearing that yellow cloth on your body. Do not try to hide [your attraction to Kṛṣṇa ] from me.’ When Mukharā told this to Rādhā , She quickly hung Her head and covered Her face with the edge of Her cloth to hide Her shame.”
2.4.224
Sourceआभासः पुनर् एतेषाम् अस्थाने वृत्तितो भवेत् । प्रातिकूल्यम् अनौचित्यम् अस्थानत्वं द्विधोदितम्
ābhāsaḥ punar eteṣām asthāne vṛttito bhavet | prātikūlyam anaucityam asthānatvaṃ dvidhoditam
English translation
“When these vyābhicārī- bhāvas manifest inappropriately in unqualified persons, they are actually semblances of bhāva or vyābhicārī-bhāvābhāsa . There are two types of inappropriateness: appearing in persons hostile to Kṛṣṇa and being improperly credited.”
2.4.225
Sourceतत्र प्रातिकूल्यम्-- विपक्षे वृत्तिर् एतेषां प्रातिकूल्यम् इतीर्यते
tatra prātikūlyam-- vipakṣe vṛttir eteṣāṃ prātikūlyam itīryate
English translation
Unfavorable vyābhicārī-bhāvābhāsa: “When the bhāvas are present in those hostile to Kṛṣṇa they are called prātikūlya [unfavorable].”
2.4.226
Sourceगोपो ऽप्य् अशिक्षित-रणो ऽपि तम् अश्व-दैत्यं हन्ति मे हन्त मम जीवित-निर्विशेषम् । क्रीडा-विनिर्जित-सुराधिपतेर् अलं मे दुर्जीवितेन हत-कंस-नराधिपस्य
gopo 'py aśikṣita-raṇo 'pi tam aśva-daityaṃ hanti me hanta mama jīvita-nirviśeṣam | krīḍā-vinirjita-surādhipater alaṃ me durjīvitena hata-kaṃsa-narādhipasya
English translation
An example of unfavorable manifestation of self-deprecation: “When the untrained cowherd boy killed the horse demon who was my very life and soul, what is the need for me, the unfortunate king Kaṃsa , who defeated Indra as play, to maintain my life?”
2.4.227
Sourceडुण्डभो जलचरः स कालियो गोष्ठ-भूभृद् अपि लोष्ट्र-सोदरः । तत्र कर्म किम् इवाद्भुतं जने येन मूर्ख जगदीशतेर्यते
ḍuṇḍabho jalacaraḥ sa kāliyo goṣṭha-bhūbhṛd api loṣṭra-sodaraḥ | tatra karma kim ivādbhutaṃ jane yena mūrkha jagadīśateryate
English translation
Another example of unfavorable manifestation of bhāva , concerning envy: “O foolish Akrura ! This Kāliya is only a harmless water snake. Govardhana Mountain is only a lump of earth. You are attributing the title of Controller of the Universe to a person who has just controlled a harmless snake and lifted a pile of earth!”
2.4.228
Sourceअथ अनौचित्यम्-- असत्यत्वम् अयोग्यत्वम् अनौचित्यं द्विधा भवेत् । अप्राणिनि भवेद् आद्यः तिर्यग्-आदिषु चान्तिमम्
atha anaucityam-- asatyatvam ayogyatvam anaucityaṃ dvidhā bhavet | aprāṇini bhaved ādyaḥ tiryag-ādiṣu cāntimam
English translation
“There are two types of inappropriateness: nonexistent [ asatya ] and unqualified [ ayogya ]. Nonexistent means attributing vyābhicārī-bhāvas to inanimate objects [which cannot have emotions]. Unqualified means attributing vyābhicārī-bhāvās to animals [who are unqualified for higher emotions].”
2.4.229
Sourceछाया न यस्य सकृद् अप्य् उपसेविताभूत् कृष्णेन हन्त मम तस्य धिग् अस्तु जन्म । मा त्वं कदम्ब विधुरो भव कालियाहिं मृद्नन् करिष्यति हरिश् चरितार्थतां ते
chāyā na yasya sakṛd apy upasevitābhūt kṛṣṇena hanta mama tasya dhig astu janma | mā tvaṃ kadamba vidhuro bhava kāliyāhiṃ mṛdnan kariṣyati hariś caritārthatāṃ te
English translation
Self-depreciation in trees: “My life is useless because Kṛṣṇa has not enjoyed the shade of my branches even once.” “O kadamba tree, do not lament! You will attain success in life when Kṛṣṇa jumps from your branches to punish Kāliya !”
2.4.230
Sourceतिरश्चि, यथा-- अधिरोहतु कः पक्षी कक्षाम् अपरो ममाद्य मेध्यस्य । हित्वापि तार्क्ष्य-पक्सं भजते पक्षं हरिर् यस्य
tiraści, yathā-- adhirohatu kaḥ pakṣī kakṣām aparo mamādya medhyasya | hitvāpi tārkṣya-paksaṃ bhajate pakṣaṃ harir yasya
English translation
Pride in animals:
A peacock speaks: “I am very pure. What bird is there to compare with me? Giving up Garuḍa , the Lord enjoys my feather on His head.”
2.4.231
Sourceवहमानेष्व् अपि सदा ज्ञान-विज्ञान-माधुरीम् । कदम्बादिषु सामान्य-दृष्ट्य्-आभासत्वम् उच्यते
vahamāneṣv api sadā jñāna-vijñāna-mādhurīm | kadambādiṣu sāmānya-dṛṣṭy-ābhāsatvam ucyate
English translation
“Consciousness, discrimination and the experience of sweetness described in the kadamba tree and other objects should be understood to be only a semblance to those items because they have only consciousness without discriminating powers.”
2.4.232
Sourceभावानां क्वचिद् उत्पत्ति-सन्धि-शावल्य-शान्तयः । दशाश् चतस्र एतासाम् उत्पत्तिस् त्व् इह सम्भवः
bhāvānāṃ kvacid utpatti-sandhi-śāvalya-śāntayaḥ | daśāś catasra etāsām utpattis tv iha sambhavaḥ
English translation
“Sometimes four stages are seen in the manifestation of vyabhicārī- bhāvas : appearance, conjunction, conflict and disappearance. Appearance ( utpatti ) means the initial manifestation of the vyabhicārī- bhāva . ”
2.4.233
Sourceमण्डले किम् अपि चण्ड-मरीचेर् लोहितायति निशम्य यशोदा । वैणवीं ध्वनि-धुराम् अविदूरे प्रस्रव-स्तिमित-कञ्चुलिकासीत्
maṇḍale kim api caṇḍa-marīcer lohitāyati niśamya yaśodā | vaiṇavīṃ dhvani-dhurām avidūre prasrava-stimita-kañculikāsīt
English translation
Appearance of harṣa : “When the sun turned red, and Yaśodā heard the sound of the flute close by, her bodice became damp with the flow of milk from her breasts.”
2.4.234
Sourceत्वयि रहसि मिलन्त्यां सम्भ्रम-न्यास-भुग्नाप्य् उषसि सखि तवाली मेखला पश्य भाति । इति विवृत-रहस्ये कुञ्चित-भ्रूर् दृशम् अनृजु किरन्ती राधिका वः पुनातु
tvayi rahasi milantyāṃ sambhrama-nyāsa-bhugnāpy uṣasi sakhi tavālī mekhalā paśya bhāti | iti vivṛta-rahasye kuñcita-bhrūr dṛśam anṛju kirantī rādhikā vaḥ punātu
English translation
Appearance of asūyā : “O Viśakhā! When you came to the bower in the morning, your friend Rādhā appeared splendid, even though Her belt was crooked from Her haste in tying in around Her waist. When Kṛṣṇa revealed that confidential matter, Rādhā sent a crooked glance at Him with a frown on Her brow. May that Rādhā purify you!”
2.4.235
Sourceअथ सन्धिः-- सरूपयोर् भिन्नयोर् वा सन्धिः स्याद् भावयोर् युतिः
atha sandhiḥ-- sarūpayor bhinnayor vā sandhiḥ syād bhāvayor yutiḥ
English translation
“When two versions of the same bhāva or two different bhāvas mix it is called bhāva- sandhi .”
2.4.236
Sourceतत्र सरूपयोः सन्धिः-- सन्धिः सरूपयोस् तत्र भिन्न-हेतूत्थयोर् मतः
tatra sarūpayoḥ sandhiḥ-- sandhiḥ sarūpayos tatra bhinna-hetūtthayor mataḥ
English translation
“When the same vyābhicārī- bhāva arises from two different causes and joins, it is called bhāva- sandhi .”
2.4.237
Sourceराक्षसीं निशि निशाम्य निशान्ते गोकुलेश-गृहिणी पतिताङ्गीम् । तत्-कुचोपरि सुतं च हसन्तं हन्त निश्चल-तनुः क्षणम् आसीत्
rākṣasīṃ niśi niśāmya niśānte gokuleśa-gṛhiṇī patitāṅgīm | tat-kucopari sutaṃ ca hasantaṃ hanta niścala-tanuḥ kṣaṇam āsīt
English translation
Jaḍya caused by favorable and unfavorable circumstances: “ ‘In the evening, the dead demoness lay on the earth and you son was sitting on her breast laughing.’ When Yaśodā heard this, she remained motionless for some time.”
2.4.238
Sourceअथ भिन्नयोः-- भिन्नयोर् हेतुनैकेन भिन्नेनाप्य् उपजातयोः
atha bhinnayoḥ-- bhinnayor hetunaikena bhinnenāpy upajātayoḥ
English translation
“When two differing vyābhicārī- bhāvas arising from the same or differing causes join together it is called bhinna- bhāva - sandhi .”
2.4.239
Sourceअथ एक-हेतु-जयोः, यथा-- दुर्वारचापलो ऽयं धावन्न् अन्तर् बहिश् च गोष्ठस्य । शिशुर् अकुतश्चिद् भीतिर् धिनोति हृदयं दुनोति च मे
atha eka-hetu-jayoḥ, yathā-- durvāracāpalo 'yaṃ dhāvann antar bahiś ca goṣṭhasya | śiśur akutaścid bhītir dhinoti hṛdayaṃ dunoti ca me
English translation
Two differing bhāvas arising from one source: “This child is very fickle. He constantly runs inside and outside in Gokula . His fearlessness causes me both joy ( harṣa ) and apprehension ( śaṅkhā ).”
2.4.240
Sourceविलसन्तम् अवेक्ष्य देवकी सुतम् उत्फुल्ल-विलोचनं पुरः । प्रबलाम् अपि मल्ल-मण्डलीं हिमम् उष्णं च जलं दृशोर् दधे
vilasantam avekṣya devakī sutam utphulla-vilocanaṃ puraḥ | prabalām api malla-maṇḍalīṃ himam uṣṇaṃ ca jalaṃ dṛśor dadhe
English translation
Two bhāvas , harṣa and viṣāda from differing sources, join together: “Seeing her son with joyful eyes in front of her, and seeing the strong wrestlers as well, Devakī began to shed both cool and hot tears.”
2.4.241
Sourceएकेन जायमानानाम् अनेकेन च हेतुना । बहूनाम् अपि भावानां सन्धिः स्फुटम् अवेक्ष्यते
ekena jāyamānānām anekena ca hetunā | bahūnām api bhāvānāṃ sandhiḥ sphuṭam avekṣyate
English translation
“It is also seen that many bhāvas can join together, arising from one cause or many causes.”
2.4.242
Sourceनिरुद्धा कालिन्दी-तट-भुवि मुकुन्देन बलिना हठाद् अन्तः-स्मेरां तरलतर-तारोज्ज्वल-कलाम् । अभिव्यक्तावज्ञाम् अरुण-कुटिलापाङ्ग-सुषमां दृशं न्यस्यन्त्य् अस्मिन् जयति वृषभानोः कुल-मणिः
niruddhā kālindī-taṭa-bhuvi mukundena balinā haṭhād antaḥ-smerāṃ taralatara-tārojjvala-kalām | abhivyaktāvajñām aruṇa-kuṭilāpāṅga-suṣamāṃ dṛśaṃ nyasyanty asmin jayati vṛṣabhānoḥ kula-maṇiḥ
English translation
Here is a combination of harṣa (joy), autsukya (impatience), garva (pride), amarṣa (indignation) and asūyā (displeasure) arising from one cause: “ Rādhā , being stopped forcibly by Kṛṣṇa in the forest on the bank of the Yamunā , internally smiled at Him. She gracefull glanced at Him with red eyes
and furrowed brows. Her eyes lit up with flickering puils, but She showed contempt for Him. May Rādhā remain glorious!”
2.4.243
Sourceपरिहित-हरि-हारा वीक्ष्य राधा सवित्रीं निकट-भुवि तथाग्रे तर्क-भाक् स्मेर-पद्माम् । हरिम् अपि दर-दूरे स्वामिनं तत्र चासीन् महसि विनत-वक्र-प्रस्फुर-म्लान-वक्त्रा
parihita-hari-hārā vīkṣya rādhā savitrīṃ nikaṭa-bhuvi tathāgre tarka-bhāk smera-padmām | harim api dara-dūre svāminaṃ tatra cāsīn mahasi vinata-vakra-prasphura-mlāna-vaktrā
English translation
Many bhāvas arising from many causes. In this example there is lajjā (shame), amarṣa (envy), harṣa (joy) and viṣāda (despair): “On the occasion of a festival Rādhā, wearing a necklace given by Kṛṣṇa , saw nearby Her mother and in front of her, smiling Padmā . At a distance, She saw Kṛṣṇa and Her husband, Abhimanyu . She hung Her head in shame on seeing Her mother, threw crooked glances at Padmā in hatred. Her face blossomed with joy on seeing Kṛṣṇa and withered on seeing Her husband.”
2.4.244
Sourceअथ शावल्यम्-- शवलत्वं तु भावानां संमर्दः स्यात् परस्परम्
atha śāvalyam-- śavalatvaṃ tu bhāvānāṃ saṃmardaḥ syāt parasparam
English translation
“When many bhāvas conflict with one another, the state is called śābalya .”
2.4.245
Sourceशक्तः किं नाम कर्तुं स शिशुर् अहह मे मित्र-पक्षानधाक्षीद् आतिष्ठेयं तम् एव द्रुतम् अथ शरणं कुर्युर् एतन् न वीराः । आं दिव्या मल्ल-गोष्ठी विहरति स करेणोद्दधाराद्रि-वर्यं कुर्याम् अद्यैव गत्वा व्रज-भुवि कदनं हा ततः कम्पते धीः
śaktaḥ kiṃ nāma kartuṃ sa śiśur ahaha me mitra-pakṣānadhākṣīd ātiṣṭheyaṃ tam eva drutam atha śaraṇaṃ kuryur etan na vīrāḥ | āṃ divyā malla-goṣṭhī viharati sa kareṇoddadhārādri-varyaṃ kuryām adyaiva gatvā vraja-bhuvi kadanaṃ hā tataḥ kampate dhīḥ
English translation
In this example there is a combination of garva (pride), viṣāda (despair), dainyam (feeling feeble), mati (consideration), smṛti (remembrance), śaṅkā (apprehension), amarṣa (indignation) and trāsa (terror): “What can that child do? Yet He has killed all of my friends! Should I then surrender to Him? A warrior can never do that. I am preparing huge wrestlers to fight Him; but He has lifted Govardhana with His hand. I should go today to Vraja and attack Him, but my heart is shaking because of Him.”
2.4.246
Sourceधिग् दीर्घे नयने ममास्तु मथुरा याभ्यां न सा प्रेक्ष्यते विद्येयं मम किङ्करी-कृत-नृपा कालस् तु सर्वङ्करः । लक्ष्मी-केलि-गृहं गृहं मम हहा नित्यं तनुः क्षीयते सद्मन्य् एव हरिं भजेय हृदयं वृन्दाटवी कर्षति
dhig dīrghe nayane mamāstu mathurā yābhyāṃ na sā prekṣyate vidyeyaṃ mama kiṅkarī-kṛta-nṛpā kālas tu sarvaṅkaraḥ | lakṣmī-keli-gṛhaṃ gṛhaṃ mama hahā nityaṃ tanuḥ kṣīyate sadmany eva hariṃ bhajeya hṛdayaṃ vṛndāṭavī karṣati
English translation
Here is a combination of nirveda (self-contempt), garva (pride), śaṅkā (apprehension), dhṛti (steadiness), viṣāda (despair), mati (contemplation) and autsukhya (impatience): “My long eyes are unfortunate since they do not see Mathurā. My learning has made kings into servants. Time devours everything, but my house is the playground of Lakṣmī. Yet how unfortunate I am! My body grows thinner day by day. Therefore I should sit in my house and worship the Lord, but my heart is attracted to Vṛndāvan.”
2.4.247
Sourceअथ शान्तिः-- अत्यारूढस्य भावस्य विलयः शान्तिर् उच्यते
atha śāntiḥ-- atyārūḍhasya bhāvasya vilayaḥ śāntir ucyate
English translation
“When a bhāva that has become prominent disappears, it is called bhāva-ṣānti .”
2.4.248
Sourceविधुरित-वदना विदून-भासस् तम् अघहरं गहने गवेषयन्तः । मृदु-कल-मुरलीं निशम्य शैले व्रज-शिशवः पुलकोज्ज्वला बभूवुः
vidhurita-vadanā vidūna-bhāsas tam aghaharaṃ gahane gaveṣayantaḥ | mṛdu-kala-muralīṃ niśamya śaile vraja-śiśavaḥ pulakojjvalā babhūvuḥ
English translation
This is an example of bhāva -ṣānti of viṣāda (despair): “When the children of Vraja could not see Kṛṣṇa , their faces withered and became pale. They began searching for Kṛṣṇa in the forest. At that time, hearing the soft sound of His flute on a mountaintop, they became filled with joy, with hairs standing on end.”
2.4.249
Sourceशब्दार्थ-रस-वैचित्री वाचि काचन नास्ति मे । यथा-कथञ्चिद् एवोक्तं भावोदाहरणं परम्
śabdārtha-rasa-vaicitrī vāci kācana nāsti me | yathā-kathañcid evoktaṃ bhāvodāharaṇaṃ param
English translation
“Though my words do not have variety in meaning or flavor, examples of vyābhicārī-bhāvas have been presented to indicate their essential nature as far as possible.”
2.4.250
Sourceत्रयस्त्रिंशद् इमे ऽष्टौ च वक्ष्यन्ते स्थायिनश् च ये । मुख्य-भावाभिधास् त्व् एक-चत्वारिंशद् अमी स्मृताः
trayastriṃśad ime 'ṣṭau ca vakṣyante sthāyinaś ca ye | mukhya-bhāvābhidhās tv eka-catvāriṃśad amī smṛtāḥ
English translation
“The forty-one chief bhāvas or emotions are these thirty-three vyābhicārī- bhāvas , the seven secondary sthāyī-bhāvas and the single mukhya -sthāyī- bhāva of the devotee.”
2.4.251
Sourceशरीरेन्द्रिय-वर्गस्य विकारणां विधायकाः । भावाविर्भाव-जनिताश् चित्त-वृत्तय ईरिताः
śarīrendriya-vargasya vikāraṇāṃ vidhāyakāḥ | bhāvāvirbhāva-janitāś citta-vṛttaya īritāḥ
English translation
“The transformations of mind created by the appearance of these forty-one bhāvas are said to create transformations in the body and all of the senses.”
2.4.253
Sourceमञ्जिष्ठाद्ये यथा द्रव्ये रागस् तन्-मय ईक्ष्यते । अत्र स्यान् नाम-मात्रेण विभावस्य विभावता
mañjiṣṭhādye yathā dravye rāgas tan-maya īkṣyate | atra syān nāma-mātreṇa vibhāvasya vibhāvatā
English translation
“One bhāva is natural to the person, and other bhāvas are incidental. The natural bhāva spreads internally and externally, just as red color is completely identical to natural red substances. Thus, the natural bhāva becomes very apparent just by a slight contact with the cause, Kṛṣṇa .”
2.4.254
Sourceएतेन सहजेनैव भावेनानुगता रतिः । एक-रूपापि या भक्तेर् विविधा प्रतिभात्य् असौ
etena sahajenaiva bhāvenānugatā ratiḥ | eka-rūpāpi yā bhakter vividhā pratibhāty asau
English translation
“ Rati (attraction or love) appears by this natural bhāva . Though rati is one in speaking about it generally, it appears in various forms when wishing to describe its various qualities.”
2.4.255
Sourceआगन्तुकस् तु यो भावः पटादौ रक्तिमेव सः । तैस् तैर् विभावैर् एवायं धीयते दीप्यते ऽपि च
āgantukas tu yo bhāvaḥ paṭādau raktimeva saḥ | tais tair vibhāvair evāyaṃ dhīyate dīpyate 'pi ca
English translation
“Just as white cloth appears red when red dye is applied to it, the incidental bhāvas become situated in the devotees by various causes and then become visible.”
2.4.256
Sourceविभावनादि-वैशिष्ट्याद् भक्तानां भेदतस् तथा । प्रायेण सर्व-भावानां वैशिष्ट्यम् उपजायते
vibhāvanādi-vaiśiṣṭyād bhaktānāṃ bhedatas tathā | prāyeṇa sarva-bhāvānāṃ vaiśiṣṭyam upajāyate
English translation
“Because of the variety of causes and other elements and the differences in the devotees, there is great diversity in every one of the bhāvas .”
2.4.257
Sourceविविधानां तु भक्तानां वैशिष्ट्याद् विविधं मनः । मनो ऽनुसाराद् भावानां तारतम्यं किलोदये
vividhānāṃ tu bhaktānāṃ vaiśiṣṭyād vividhaṃ manaḥ | mano 'nusārād bhāvānāṃ tāratamyaṃ kilodaye
English translation
“There is a variety of mentalities of various types of devotees (devotees in śānta - rasa , dāsya-rasa , etc.). According to the variety of mentalities, there are also various gradations of the appearance of the bhāvas because of various natures such as gariṣṭha (heavy-hearted).”
2.4.258
Sourceचित्ते गरिष्ठे गम्भीरे महिष्ठे कर्कशादिके । सम्यग्-उन्मीलिताश् चामी न लक्ष्यन्ते स्फुटं जनैः
citte gariṣṭhe gambhīre mahiṣṭhe karkaśādike | samyag-unmīlitāś cāmī na lakṣyante sphuṭaṃ janaiḥ
English translation
“Even if these bhāvas were to appear strongly in hearts that are gariṣṭha (heavy), gambhīra (deep), mahiṣṭha (expansive) or karkaśa (hard) by nature, ordinary people could not perceive the bhāvas clearly because there would be no external transformations of the body or senses.”
2.4.259
Sourceचित्ते लघिष्ठे चोत्ताने क्षोदिष्ठे कोमलादिके । मनाग्-उन्मीलिताश् चामी लक्ष्यन्ते बहिर् उल्बणाः
citte laghiṣṭhe cottāne kṣodiṣṭhe komalādike | manāg-unmīlitāś cāmī lakṣyante bahir ulbaṇāḥ
English translation
“When these same bhāvas arise even slightly in hearts that are lagiṣṭha (light), uttāna (superficial), kṣodiṣṭha (small) and komala (soft), they can be recognized externally because of extreme transformations of the body and senses.”
2.4.260
Sourceगरिष्ठं स्वर्ण-पिण्डाभं लघिष्ठं तुल-पिण्डवत् । चित्त-युग्मे ऽत्र विज्ञया भावस्य पवनोपमा
gariṣṭhaṃ svarṇa-piṇḍābhaṃ laghiṣṭhaṃ tula-piṇḍavat | citta-yugme 'tra vijñayā bhāvasya pavanopamā
English translation
“The heavy heart is like a pile of gold. The light heart is like a pile of cotton wool. The bhāvas act like wind in relation to these two types of hearts.”
2.4.261
Sourceगम्भीरं सिन्धुवच् चित्तम् उत्तानं पल्वलादिवत् । चित्त-द्वये ऽत्र भावस्य महाद्रि-शिखरोपमा
gambhīraṃ sindhuvac cittam uttānaṃ palvalādivat | citta-dvaye 'tra bhāvasya mahādri-śikharopamā
English translation
“The deep heart is like an ocean, and the shallow heart is like a pond. The bhāvas are like pinnacles or high mountains for these two types of hearts.”
2.4.262
Sourceपत्तनाभं महिष्ठं स्यात् क्षोदिष्ठं तु कुटिरवत् । चित्त-युग्मे ऽत्र भावस्य दीपेनेभेन वोपमा
pattanābhaṃ mahiṣṭhaṃ syāt kṣodiṣṭhaṃ tu kuṭiravat | citta-yugme 'tra bhāvasya dīpenebhena vopamā
English translation
“The expansive heart is like a city and the small heart is like a hut. Bhāva is like a lamp or an elephant for these two types of hearts.”
2.4.263
Sourceकर्कशं त्रिविधं प्रोक्तं वज्रं स्वर्णं तथा जतु । चित्त-त्रये ऽत्र भावस्य ज्ञेया वैश्वानरोपमा
karkaśaṃ trividhaṃ proktaṃ vajraṃ svarṇaṃ tathā jatu | citta-traye 'tra bhāvasya jñeyā vaiśvānaropamā
English translation
“There are three degrees of hardness: like a thunderbolt, gold and lac. Bhāva is like a fire in relation to these three types of hardness of heart.”
2.4.264
Sourceअत्यन्त-कठिनं वज्रम् अकुतश्चन मार्दवम् । ईदृशं तापसादीनां चित्तं तावद् अवेक्ष्यते
atyanta-kaṭhinaṃ vajram akutaścana mārdavam | īdṛśaṃ tāpasādīnāṃ cittaṃ tāvad avekṣyate
English translation
“The thunderbolt is extremely hard and never becomes soft. This hardness is seen in the hearts of those who perform severe austerities.”
2.4.265
Sourceस्वर्णं द्रवति भावाग्नेस् तापेनातिगरीयसा । जतु द्रवत्वम् आयाति ताप-लेशेन सर्वतः
svarṇaṃ dravati bhāvāgnes tāpenātigarīyasā | jatu dravatvam āyāti tāpa-leśena sarvataḥ
English translation
“Gold becomes liquid from intense heating. By very strong heat of bhāva , this heart becomes soft. Lac becomes soft with very little heat. With a very little bhāva , this heart becomes soft.”
2.4.266
Sourceकोमलं च त्रिधैवोक्तं मदनं नवनीतकम् । अमृतं चेति भावो ऽत्र प्रायः सूर्यातपायते
komalaṃ ca tridhaivoktaṃ madanaṃ navanītakam | amṛtaṃ ceti bhāvo 'tra prāyaḥ sūryātapāyate
English translation
“Softness is of three degrees: like beeswax, butter and nectar. In relation to these, bhāva is like the heat of the sun.”
2.4.267
Sourceद्रवेद् अत्राद्य-युगलम् आतपेन यथायथम् । द्रवीभूतं स्वभावेन सर्वदैवामृतं भवेत् । गोविन्द-प्रेष्ठ-वर्याणां चित्तं स्याद् अमृतं किल
draved atrādya-yugalam ātapena yathāyatham | dravībhūtaṃ svabhāvena sarvadaivāmṛtaṃ bhavet | govinda-preṣṭha-varyāṇāṃ cittaṃ syād amṛtaṃ kila
English translation
“Beeswax and butter become liqui from different degrees of the sun’s heat. Nectar is naturally liquid. The hearts of the dearest devotees of Govinda are naturally soft like nectar.”
2.4.268
Sourceकृष्ण-भक्ति-विशेषस्य गरिष्ठत्वादिभिर् गुणैः । समवेतं सदामीभिर् द्वित्रैर् अपि मनो भवेत्
kṛṣṇa-bhakti-viśeṣasya gariṣṭhatvādibhir guṇaiḥ | samavetaṃ sadāmībhir dvitrair api mano bhavet
English translation
“The mind of a particular devotee may be constantly influenced by a mixture of two or three of the above conditions such as gariṣṭha .”
2.4.269
Sourceकिन्तु सुष्ठु महिष्ठत्वं भावो बाढम् उपागतः । सर्व-प्रकारम् एवेदं चित्तं विक्षोभयत्य् अलम्
kintu suṣṭhu mahiṣṭhatvaṃ bhāvo bāḍham upāgataḥ | sarva-prakāram evedaṃ cittaṃ vikṣobhayaty alam
English translation
“But when the principal sthāyī- bhāva becomes very prominent, all types of hearts become completely disturbed by the v yabhicārī- bhāvas .”
2.4.270
Sourceगभीरो ऽप्य् अश्रान्तं दुरधिगम-पारो ऽपि नितराम् अहार्यां मर्यादां दधद् अपि हरेर् आस्पदम् अपि । सतां स्तोमः प्रेमण्य् उदयति समग्रे स्थगयितुं विकारं न स्फारं जल-निधिर् इवेन्दौ प्रभवति
gabhīro 'py aśrāntaṃ duradhigama-pāro 'pi nitarām ahāryāṃ maryādāṃ dadhad api harer āspadam api | satāṃ stomaḥ premaṇy udayati samagre sthagayituṃ vikāraṃ na sphāraṃ jala-nidhir ivendau prabhavati
English translation
“The devotee is like the ocean. As Viṣṇu resides in the milk ocean, so the Lord resides in the heart of the devotee. As the ocean is deep or unfathomable, so the heart of the devotee is inscrutable, not revealing its qualities. As the ocean is unwearied, so the devotee is continuous in his service. As the ocean is difficult to cross, but has a permanent shore, so the
devotee’s qualities are difficult to enumerate, but he appears to limit those qualities. But when the devotee develops full prema he cannot prevent the transformations arising from that prema , just as the ocean cannot prevent the rising of the tide when the moon rises from the ocean.”
iti śrī-śrī- bhakti -rasāmṛta-sindhau dakṣiṇa -vibhāge bhakti-rasa-sāmānya-nirūpaṇe vyabhicāri-laharī caturthī ||
“Thus ends the Fourth Wave of the Southern Ocean of Śrī Bhakti-rasāmṛta- sindhu , concerning vyabhicārī-bhāvas. ”