2.1.1
Sourceप्रबलम् अनन्य-श्रयिणा निषेवितः सहज-रूपेण । अघ-दमनो मथुरायां सदा सनातन-तनुर् जयति
prabalam ananya-śrayiṇā niṣevitaḥ sahaja-rūpeṇa | agha-damano mathurāyāṃ sadā sanātana-tanur jayati
English translation
“May the eternal form of Kṛṣṇa , killer of Aghāsura , served strongly by His natural beauty, which is attractive even without ornaments, and which is nondifferent from His very self, remain with all attractive features eternally in the district of Mathurā .”
Alternate translation:
“May Sanātana Gosvāmī , who conquers all sins and is served with devotion by his younger brother Rūpa , who has taken shelter of him alone, remain eternally in Mathurā district.”
2.1.2
Sourceरसामृताब्धेर् भागे ऽस्मिन् द्वितीये दक्षिणाभिधे । सामान्य-भगवद्-भक्ति-रसस् तावद् उदीर्यते
rasāmṛtābdher bhāge 'smin dvitīye dakṣiṇābhidhe | sāmānya-bhagavad-bhakti-rasas tāvad udīryate
English translation
“The second part of the sweet ocean of rasa is called the Southern Ocean. It describes the general rasas within devotion to the Lord.”
2.1.3
Sourceअस्य पञ्च लहर्यः स्युर् विभावाख्याग्रिमा मता । द्वितीया त्व् अनुभावाख्या तृतीया सात्त्विकाभिधा । व्यभिचार्य्-अभिधा तुर्या स्थायि-संज्ञा च पञ्चमी
asya pañca laharyaḥ syur vibhāvākhyāgrimā matā | dvitīyā tv anubhāvākhyā tṛtīyā sāttvikābhidhā | vyabhicāry-abhidhā turyā sthāyi-saṃjñā ca pañcamī
English translation
“There are five Waves or chapters in this Southern Ocean. The first deals with vibhāva ; the second with anubhāva ; the third with sāttvika-bhāva ; the fourth with vyabhicārī- bhāva , and the fifth with sthāyī-bhāva .”
2.1.4
Sourceअथास्याः केशव-रतेर् लक्षिताया निगद्यते । सामग्री-परिपोषेन परमा रस-रूपता
athāsyāḥ keśava-rater lakṣitāyā nigadyate | sāmagrī-paripoṣena paramā rasa-rūpatā
English translation
“The Southern Ocean describes how rati ( bhāva ) for the Lord ( sthāyī-bhāva ), which has been described above, takes on the form of the highest rasa through nourishment by the ingredients of vibhāva , anubhāva , sāttvika-bhāva and vyabhicārī-bhāva. ”
2.1.5
Sourceविभावैर् अनुभावैश् च सात्त्विकैर् व्यभिचारिभिः । स्वाद्यत्वं हृदि भक्तानाम् आनीता श्रवणादिभिः । एषा कृष्ण-रतिः स्थायी भावो भक्ति-रसो भवेत्
vibhāvair anubhāvaiś ca sāttvikair vyabhicāribhiḥ | svādyatvaṃ hṛdi bhaktānām ānītā śravaṇādibhiḥ | eṣā kṛṣṇa-ratiḥ sthāyī bhāvo bhakti-raso bhavet
English translation
“This rati for Kṛṣṇa , called the sthāyī- bhāva , takes on a pleasurable nature in the hearts of the devotees by the vibhāvas, anubhāvas, sāttvika-bhāvas and vyabhicārī- bhāvas , through activities such as hearing, and then becomes bhakti - rasa .”
2.1.6
Sourceप्राक्तन्य् आधुनिकी चास्ति यस्य सद्-भक्ति-वासना । एष भक्ति-रसास्वादस् तस्यैव हृदि जायते
prāktany ādhunikī cāsti yasya sad-bhakti-vāsanā | eṣa bhakti-rasāsvādas tasyaiva hṛdi jāyate
English translation
“The taste for bhakti - rasa arises in the heart of a person who has had experiences of pure bhakti in the previous and present life.”
2.1.10
Sourceकृष्णादिभिर् विभावाद्यैर् गतैर् अनुभवाध्वनि । प्रौढानन्द-चमत्कार-काष्ठाम् आपद्यते पराम्
kṛṣṇādibhir vibhāvādyair gatair anubhavādhvani | prauḍhānanda-camatkāra-kāṣṭhām āpadyate parām
English translation
“ Rati , which is the very form of ānanda , appears in the hearts of devotees who have been purified of all faults by bhakti , whose hearts have become joyful ( hlādinī ), and bright ( samvit ), who have developed great relish for the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam and for the association of others who have taste for
Kṛṣṇa , whose life and soul become the profound happiness of devotion at the feet of Govinda, and who have become absorbed in actions such as kīrtana , imbued with the Lord’s mercy. This rati , strengthened by past- and present- life impressions of bhakti , then attains a state of relish by realizing vibhāva , anubhāva , sāttvika-bhāva and vyabhicārī- bhāva in relation to Kṛṣṇa, and finally attains the highest, astonishing peak of profound bliss.”
2.1.11
Sourceकिन्तु प्रेमा विभावाद्यैः स्वल्पैर् नीतो ऽप्य् अणीयसीम् । विभावनाद्य्-अवस्थां तु सद्य आस्वाद्यतां व्रजेत्
kintu premā vibhāvādyaiḥ svalpair nīto 'py aṇīyasīm | vibhāvanādy-avasthāṃ tu sadya āsvādyatāṃ vrajet
English translation
“However, even attaining a slight taste for prema by a slight mixture of
2.1.13
Sourceनिर्वेदाद्याः सहायाश् च ते ज्ञेया रस-भावने । विभावा अनुभावाश् च सात्त्विका व्यभिचारिणः
nirvedādyāḥ sahāyāś ca te jñeyā rasa-bhāvane | vibhāvā anubhāvāś ca sāttvikā vyabhicāriṇaḥ
English translation
“The general characteristics of the ingredients are as follows: In tasting rasa , the causes of rati such as Kṛṣṇa , His devotee, and the sound of the flute are called vibhāvas . The effects of rati , such as smiling are called anubhāvas and the eight symptoms, such as being stunned are called sāttvika -bhavas . The assistants such as self-criticism are called vyabhicārī-bhāvas .”
2.1.14
Sourceतत्र विभावाः-- तत्र ज्ञेया विभावास् तु रत्य्-आस्वादन-हेतवः । ते द्विधालम्बना एके तथैवोद्दीपनाः परे
tatra vibhāvāḥ-- tatra jñeyā vibhāvās tu raty-āsvādana-hetavaḥ | te dvidhālambanā eke tathaivoddīpanāḥ pare
English translation
“In rasa , the vibhāvas should be known as the cause of relishing rati . They take the form of support ( ālambana ) of two types, and stimuli ( uddīpana ).”
2.1.15
Sourceतद् उक्तम् अग्नि-पुराणे (अलङ्कार-विभाग, ३.३५)-- विभाव्यते हि रत्य्-आदिर् यत्र येन विभाव्यते । विभावो नाम स द्वेधालम्बनोद्दीपनात्मकः
tad uktam agni-purāṇe (alaṅkāra-vibhāga, 3.35)-- vibhāvyate hi raty-ādir yatra yena vibhāvyate | vibhāvo nāma sa dvedhālambanoddīpanātmakaḥ
English translation
This is mentioned in the Agni Purāṇa [ Alaṅkāra section, 3.35]:
“ Vibhāva refers to the two kinds of ālambana —the person in relation to whom the rati and other elements are experienced ( viṣaya ), the person in whom the rati and other elements are experienced ( āśraya )—and to uddīpana , the stimuli by which rati is experienced.”
2.1.16
Sourceतत्र आलम्बनाः-- कृष्णश् च कृष्ण-भक्ताश् च बुधैर् आलम्बना मताः । रत्य्-आदेर् विषयत्वेन तथाधारतयापि च
tatra ālambanāḥ-- kṛṣṇaś ca kṛṣṇa-bhaktāś ca budhair ālambanā matāḥ | raty-āder viṣayatvena tathādhāratayāpi ca
English translation
“ Ālambanas are described as follows: The wise consider the ālambanas to be Kṛṣṇa , as the object of love experienced in rati , and His devotees, as the experiencers (subjects) of rati (the five major and seven secondary sathāyī-bhāvas ).”
2.1.17
Sourceतत्र श्री-कृष्णः-- नायकानां शिरो-रत्नं कृष्णस् तु भगवान् स्वयम् । यत्र नित्यतया सर्वे विराजन्ते महा-गुणाः । सो ऽन्यरूप-स्वरूपाभ्याम् अस्मिन्न् आलम्बनो मतः
tatra śrī-kṛṣṇaḥ-- nāyakānāṃ śiro-ratnaṃ kṛṣṇas tu bhagavān svayam | yatra nityatayā sarve virājante mahā-guṇāḥ | so 'nyarūpa-svarūpābhyām asminn ālambano mataḥ
English translation
“Now Kṛṣṇa as the object of rati is discussed: Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead ( bhagavān svayam ), is the crest jewel of heroes, in whom all great qualities shine eternally. He is considered the ālambana or support for rati ( viṣaya ) through His svarūpa and through other forms that He may assume.”
2.1.18
Sourceतत्र अन्य-रूपेण, यथा-- हन्त मे कथम् उदेति स-वत्से, वत्स-पाल-पटले रतिर् अत्र । इत्य् अनिश्चित-मतिर् बलदेवो, विस्मय-स्तिमित-मूर्तिर् इवासीत्
tatra anya-rūpeṇa, yathā-- hanta me katham udeti sa-vatse, vatsa-pāla-paṭale ratir atra | ity aniścita-matir baladevo, vismaya-stimita-mūrtir ivāsīt
English translation
The ‘other forms’ are now explained as follows: “How is it that I have developed rati for the calves and cowherd boys similar to my rati for Kṛṣṇa ?” In this way Balarāma remained struck with wonder and indecision.
2.1.19
Sourceअथ स्वरूपम्-- आवृतं प्रकटं चेति स्वरूपं कथितं द्विधा
atha svarūpam-- āvṛtaṃ prakaṭaṃ ceti svarūpaṃ kathitaṃ dvidhā
English translation
The svarūpa as the ālambana is now discussed: The svarūpa takes two forms: covered and manifested.”
2.1.20
Sourceतत्र आवृतम्-- अन्य-वेशादिनाच्छन्नं स्वरूपं प्रोक्तम् आवृतम्
tatra āvṛtam-- anya-veśādinācchannaṃ svarūpaṃ proktam āvṛtam
English translation
“The covered svarūpa is explained as when it is covered or disguised by others’ clothing.”
2.1.21
Sourceतेन, यथा-- मां स्नेहयति किम् उच्चैर्, महिलेयं द्वारकावरोधे ऽत्र । आं विदितं कुतुकार्थी, वनिता-वेशो हरिश् चरति
tena, yathā-- māṃ snehayati kim uccair, mahileyaṃ dvārakāvarodhe 'tra | āṃ viditaṃ kutukārthī, vanitā-veśo hariś carati
English translation
An example of a disguised svarūpa is given:
“Why does this queen in the inner chambers of Dvārakā attract me so much? Ah! I can understand that Kṛṣṇa has assumed the dress of a queen out of curiosity and is wandering about the palace.”
2.1.22
Sourceअयं कम्बु-ग्रीवः कमल-कमनीयाक्षि-पटिमा तमाल-श्यामाङ्ग-द्युतिर् अतितरां छत्रित-शिराः । दर-श्री-वत्साङ्कः स्फुरद्-अरि-दराद्य्-अङ्कित-करः करोत्य् उच्चैर् मोदं मम मधुर-मूर्तिर् मधुरिपुः
ayaṃ kambu-grīvaḥ kamala-kamanīyākṣi-paṭimā tamāla-śyāmāṅga-dyutir atitarāṃ chatrita-śirāḥ | dara-śrī-vatsāṅkaḥ sphurad-ari-darādy-aṅkita-karaḥ karoty uccair modaṃ mama madhura-mūrtir madhuripuḥ
English translation
An example of the manifested svarūpa is given:
“This sweet form of the enemy of the demon Madhu gives me great bliss. He has a neck like a conch shell, beautiful eyes envied by the lotuses, and the bodily glow of the dark tamāla tree. His head is sheltered by an umbrella, His chest is marked with the śrīvatsa whorl, and His hands are marked with cakra , conch and other symbols.”
2.1.23
Sourceअथ तद्-गुणाः-- अयं नेता सुरम्याङ्गः सर्व-सल्-लक्षणान्वितः । रुचिरस् तेजसा युक्तो बलीयान् वयसान्वितः
atha tad-guṇāḥ-- ayaṃ netā suramyāṅgaḥ sarva-sal-lakṣaṇānvitaḥ | ruciras tejasā yukto balīyān vayasānvitaḥ
English translation
“Now the qualities of Kṛṣṇa will be described. The hero Kṛṣṇa has beautiful limbs, has all auspicious bodily features, is pleasing to behold, possesses vitality, is strong and is endowed with ideal age.”
2.1.24
Sourceविविधाद्भुत-भाषा-वित् सत्य-वाक्यः प्रियं वदः । वावदूकः सुपाण्डित्यो बुद्धिमान् प्रतिभान्वितः
vividhādbhuta-bhāṣā-vit satya-vākyaḥ priyaṃ vadaḥ | vāvadūkaḥ supāṇḍityo buddhimān pratibhānvitaḥ
English translation
“He knows an astonishing variety of languages, is truthful, speaks in a pleasing manner, is eloquent, learned, intelligent and filled with new ideas.”
2.1.25
Sourceविदग्धश् चतुरो दक्षः कृतज्ञः सुदृढ-व्रतः । देश-काल-सुपात्रज्ञः शास्त्र-चक्षुः शुचिर् वशी
vidagdhaś caturo dakṣaḥ kṛtajñaḥ sudṛḍha-vrataḥ | deśa-kāla-supātrajñaḥ śāstra-cakṣuḥ śucir vaśī
English translation
“He is aesthetic, clever, skillful and grateful. He keeps His vows, is knowledgeable in time, place and person, sees through the eyes of scripture, is pure and controls His senses.”
2.1.26
Sourceस्थिरो दान्तः क्षमा-शीलो गम्भीरो धृतिमान् समः । वदान्यो धार्मिकः शूरः करुणो मान्य-मानकृत्
sthiro dāntaḥ kṣamā-śīlo gambhīro dhṛtimān samaḥ | vadānyo dhārmikaḥ śūraḥ karuṇo mānya-mānakṛt
English translation
“He is persevering, patient, tolerant, inscrutable, steadfast, uniform, generous, virtuous, heroic, compassionate, and respectful to persons worthy of respect.”
2.1.27
Sourceदक्षिणो विनयी ह्रीमान् शरणागत-पालकः । सुखी भक्त-सुहृत् प्रेम-वश्यः सर्व-शुभङ्करः
dakṣiṇo vinayī hrīmān śaraṇāgata-pālakaḥ | sukhī bhakta-suhṛt prema-vaśyaḥ sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ
English translation
“He is compliant, modest, bashful, the protector of those who take shelter of Him, happy, friend of the devotees, controlled by love and the benefactor of all.”
2.1.28
Sourceप्रतापी कीर्तिमान् रक्त-लोकः साधु-समाश्रयः । नारी-गण-मनोहारी सर्वाराध्यः समृद्धिमान्
pratāpī kīrtimān rakta-lokaḥ sādhu-samāśrayaḥ | nārī-gaṇa-manohārī sarvārādhyaḥ samṛddhimān
English translation
“He is glorious, renowned, the object of attraction for all, the shelter of the devotees, attractive to women, worshipable by all and endowed with the greatest wealth.”
2.1.29
Sourceवरीयान् ईश्वरश् चेति गुणास् तस्यानुकीर्तिताः । समुद्रा इव पञ्चाशद् दुर्विगाहा हरेर् अमी
varīyān īśvaraś ceti guṇās tasyānukīrtitāḥ | samudrā iva pañcāśad durvigāhā harer amī
English translation
“He is the most important and the controller. These fifty qualities of Kṛṣṇa which have been listed are difficult to fathom, like the ocean.”
2.1.30
Sourceजीवेषु एते वसन्तो ऽपि बिन्दु-बिन्दुतया क्वचित् । परिपूर्णतया भान्ति तत्रैव पुरुषोत्तमे
jīveṣu ete vasanto 'pi bindu-bindutayā kvacit | paripūrṇatayā bhānti tatraiva puruṣottame
English translation
“These qualities are present even in the jīvas , to a very small degree now and then. However, they are present in full in the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”
2.1.31
Sourceतथा हि पाद्मे पार्वत्यै शिति-कण्ठेन तद्-गुणाः । कन्दर्प-कोटि-लावण्य इत्य् आद्याः परिकीर्तिताः
tathā hi pādme pārvatyai śiti-kaṇṭhena tad-guṇāḥ | kandarpa-koṭi-lāvaṇya ity ādyāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
English translation
“In this way in the Padma Purāṇa , Lord Śiva tells Pārvatī about the qualities of Kṛṣṇa , starting with His beauty, which is greater than ten million Cupids.”
2.1.32
Sourceएत एव गुणाः प्रायो धर्माय वन-मालिनः । पृथिव्या प्रथम-स्कन्धे प्रथयाञ्चक्रिरे स्फुटम्
eta eva guṇāḥ prāyo dharmāya vana-mālinaḥ | pṛthivyā prathama-skandhe prathayāñcakrire sphuṭam
English translation
“In the First Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [1.16.26-29], the earth also describes the qualities of Kṛṣṇa clearly and extensively to the deity of dharma .”
2.1.36
Sourceइमे चान्ये च भगवन् नित्या यत्र महा-गुणाः । प्रार्थ्या महत्त्वम् इच्छद्भिर् न वियन्ति स्म कर्हिचित्
ime cānye ca bhagavan nityā yatra mahā-guṇāḥ | prārthyā mahattvam icchadbhir na viyanti sma karhicit
English translation
“In Him reside (1) truthfulness, (2) cleanliness, (3) intolerance of another's unhappiness, (4) the power to control anger, (5) self-satisfaction, (6) straightforwardness, (7) steadiness of mind, (8) control of the sense organs, (9) responsibility, (10) equality, (11) tolerance, (12) equanimity, (13) faithfulness, (14) knowledge, (15) absence of sense enjoyment, (16) leadership, (17) chivalry, (18) influence, (19) the power to make everything possible, (20) the discharge of proper duty, (21) complete independence, (22) dexterity, (23) fullness of all beauty, (24) serenity, (25) kindheartedness, (26) ingenuity, (27) gentility, (28) magnanimity, (29) determination, (30) perfection in all knowledge, (31) proper execution, (32) possession of all objects of enjoyment, (33) joyfulness, (34) immovability, (35) fidelity, (36) fame, (37) worship, (38) pridelessness, (39) being (as the Personality of Godhead), (40) eternity, and many other transcendental qualities which are eternally present and never to be separated from Him. ”
2.1.37
Sourceअथ पञ्च-गुणा ये स्युर् अंशेन गिरिशादिषु
atha pañca-guṇā ye syur aṃśena giriśādiṣu
English translation
“Now five qualities of Kṛṣṇa , which will also be present in Śiva and others when they are the Lord’s expansions, will be listed.”
2.1.38
Sourceसदा स्वरूप-सम्प्राप्तः सर्व-ज्ञो नित्य-नूतनः । सच्-चिद्-आनन्द-सान्द्राङ्गः सर्व-सिद्धि-निषेवितः
sadā svarūpa-samprāptaḥ sarva-jño nitya-nūtanaḥ | sac-cid-ānanda-sāndrāṅgaḥ sarva-siddhi-niṣevitaḥ
English translation
“He is always situated in His eternal form, He is omniscient, He is forever young, He has a body made from condensed eternity, and He possesses all siddhis .”
2.1.40
Sourceअवतारावली-बीजं हतारि-गति-दायकः । आत्माराम-गणाकर्षीत्य् अमी कृष्णे किलाद्भुताः
avatārāvalī-bījaṃ hatāri-gati-dāyakaḥ | ātmārāma-gaṇākarṣīty amī kṛṣṇe kilādbhutāḥ
English translation
“Now will be listed the amazing qualities present in Kṛṣṇa and also in Nārāyaṇa and in the puruṣāvatāras: He has inconceivable, great energies; He is the form that expands over tens of millions of universes; He is the source of the numerous avatāras; He rewards even the enemies He kills; and He attracts the ātmārāmas . These qualities become even more astonishing in Kṛṣṇa.”
2.1.43
Sourceलीला-प्रेम्णा प्रियाधिक्यं माधुर्यं वेणु-रूपयोः । इत्य् असाधारणं प्रोक्तं गोविन्दस्य चतुष्टयम्
līlā-premṇā priyādhikyaṃ mādhuryaṃ veṇu-rūpayoḥ | ity asādhāraṇaṃ proktaṃ govindasya catuṣṭayam
English translation
“The four astonishing qualities possessed by Govinda alone are as follows: He is a wave-filled ocean of the most astonishing display of pastimes. He is surrounded by loving associates decorated with incomparably sweet prema . He plays sweet notes on His flute that attract all the minds in the three worlds. He astonishes all moving and non-moving living entities with the beauty of His form, to which there is no equal or superior. His extraordinary qualities are thus His special pastimes, His devotees endowed with abundant prema , the sweetness of His flute and the sweetness of His form.”
2.1.44
Sourceएवं गुणाश् चतुर्-भेदाश् चतुः-षष्टिर् उदाहृताः । सोदाहरणम् एतेषां लक्षणं क्रियते क्रमात्
evaṃ guṇāś catur-bhedāś catuḥ-ṣaṣṭir udāhṛtāḥ | sodāharaṇam eteṣāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ kriyate kramāt
English translation
“The 64 qualities in four divisions will be described with examples.”
2.1.45
Sourceतत्र (१) सुरम्याङ्गः-- श्लाघ्याङ्ग-सन्निवेशो यः सुरम्याङ्गः स कथ्यते
tatra (1) suramyāṅgaḥ-- ślāghyāṅga-sanniveśo yaḥ suramyāṅgaḥ sa kathyate
English translation
(1) suramyāṅgaḥ: beautifully-limbed — “A person who is endowed with praiseworthy bodily parts is called beautifully-limbed.”
2.1.46
Sourceमुखं चन्द्राकारं करभ-निभम् उरु-द्वयम् इदं भुजौ स्तम्भारम्भौ सरसिज-वरेण्यं कर-युगम् । कवाटाभं वक्षः-स्थलम् अविरलं श्रोणि-फलकं परिक्षामो मध्यः स्फुरति मुरहन्तुर् मधुरिमा
mukhaṃ candrākāraṃ karabha-nibham uru-dvayam idaṃ bhujau stambhārambhau sarasija-vareṇyaṃ kara-yugam | kavāṭābhaṃ vakṣaḥ-sthalam aviralaṃ śroṇi-phalakaṃ parikṣāmo madhyaḥ sphurati murahantur madhurimā
English translation
“What sweetness the form of Murāri reveals! His face is like the moon. His thighs are like elephant trunks. His arms are as sturdy as the bases of pillars.
His hands are the object of praise for lotuses. His chest is as broad as a door. His hips are massive and His waist is thin.” (2) sarva -sal-lakṣaṇānvitaḥ —
2.1.47
Source(२) सर्व-सल्-लक्षणान्वितः-- तनौ गुणोत्थम् अङ्कोत्थम् इति सल्-लक्षणं द्विधा
(2) sarva-sal-lakṣaṇānvitaḥ-- tanau guṇottham aṅkottham iti sal-lakṣaṇaṃ dvidhā
English translation
(2) sarva -sal-lakṣaṇānvitaḥ: Kṛṣṇa ’s body is endowed with all auspicious features — “Good indications or auspicious characteristics are of two types: bodily features ( guṇottham ) and markings on the hands and feet ( aṅkottham ).”
2.1.48
Sourceतत्र गुणोत्थम्-- गुणोत्थं स्याद् गुणैर् योगो रक्तता-तुङ्गतादिभिः
tatra guṇottham-- guṇotthaṃ syād guṇair yogo raktatā-tuṅgatādibhiḥ
English translation
“ Guṇottham refers to qualities such as redness or elevation of a limb.”
2.1.49
Sourceरागः सप्तसु हन्त षट्स्व् अपि शिशोर् अङ्गेष्व् अलं तुङ्गता विसारस् त्रिषु खर्वता त्रिषु तथा गम्भीरता च त्रिषु । दैर्घ्यं पञ्चसु किं च पञ्चसु सखे सम्प्रेक्ष्यते सूक्ष्मता द्वात्रिंशद्-वर-लक्षणः कथम् असौ गोपेषु सम्भाव्यते
rāgaḥ saptasu hanta ṣaṭsv api śiśor aṅgeṣv alaṃ tuṅgatā visāras triṣu kharvatā triṣu tathā gambhīratā ca triṣu | dairghyaṃ pañcasu kiṃ ca pañcasu sakhe samprekṣyate sūkṣmatā dvātriṃśad-vara-lakṣaṇaḥ katham asau gopeṣu sambhāvyate
English translation
“O friend! I see that your child has twenty-three auspicious marks on His body. How is it possible that such a child could be born in a cowherd’s house? Seven places on His body are red; six parts are elevated; three parts are broad; three parts are short; three parts are deep; five parts are long; five parts are fine.”
2.1.50
Sourceअङ्कोत्थम्-- रेखामयं रथाङ्गादि स्याद् अङ्कोत्थं करादिषु
aṅkottham-- rekhāmayaṃ rathāṅgādi syād aṅkotthaṃ karādiṣu
English translation
“ Aṅkottham refers to lines such as a cakra on the hands or feet.”
2.1.52
Source(३) रुचिरः-- सौन्दर्येण दृग्-आनन्द-कारी रुचिर उच्यते
(3) ruciraḥ-- saundaryeṇa dṛg-ānanda-kārī rucira ucyate
English translation
(3) ruciraḥ means “He gives bliss to the eye by His beauty.”
2.1.53
Sourceयद् धर्म-सूनोर् बत राजसूये निरीक्ष्य दृक्-स्वस्त्ययनं त्रि-लोकः । कार्त्स्न्येन चाद्येह गतं विधातुर् अर्वाक्-सृतौ कौशलम् इत्य् अमन्यत
yad dharma-sūnor bata rājasūye nirīkṣya dṛk-svastyayanaṃ tri-lokaḥ | kārtsnyena cādyeha gataṃ vidhātur arvāk-sṛtau kauśalam ity amanyata
English translation
Kṛṣṇa ’s beauty is described in the Third Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [3.2.13]: “All the demigods from the upper, lower and middle universal planetary systems assembled at the altar of the rājasūya sacrifice performed by Mahārāja Yudhiṣṭhira . After seeing the beautiful bodily features of Lord Kṛṣṇa, they all contemplated that He was the ultimate dexterous creation of Brahmā , the creator of human beings.”
2.1.54
Sourceअष्टानां दनुजभिद्-अङ्ग-पङ्कजानाम् एकस्मिन् कथम् अपि यत्र बल्लवीनाम् । लोलाक्षि-भ्रमर-ततिः पपात तस्मान् नोत्थातुं द्युति-मधु-पङ्किलात् क्षमासीत्
aṣṭānāṃ danujabhid-aṅga-paṅkajānām ekasmin katham api yatra ballavīnām | lolākṣi-bhramara-tatiḥ papāta tasmān notthātuṃ dyuti-madhu-paṅkilāt kṣamāsīt
English translation
Or another example: “If the bee-like eyes of the gopīs alight upon one of the eight lotus-like bodily parts of Kṛṣṇa , the enemy of the Dānavas, they will not be able to rise from the thick honey of His beauty.”
2.1.55
Source(४) तेजसा युक्तः तेजो धाम प्रभावश् चेत्य् उच्यते द्विविधं बुधैः
(4) tejasā yuktaḥ tejo dhāma prabhāvaś cety ucyate dvividhaṃ budhaiḥ
English translation
“The wise say there are two meanings of tejas : dhāma (effulgence) and prabhāva (conquering the enemy).”
2.1.56
Sourceतत्र धाम-- दीप्ति-राशिर् भवेद् धाम
tatra dhāma-- dīpti-rāśir bhaved dhāma
English translation
“ Dhāma refers to effulgence.”
2.1.57
Sourceयथा-- अम्बर-मणि-निकुरम्बं विडम्बयन्न् अपि मरीचि-कुलैः । हरि-वक्षसि रुचि-निविडे मणिराड् अयम् उडुर् इव स्फुरति
yathā-- ambara-maṇi-nikurambaṃ viḍambayann api marīci-kulaiḥ | hari-vakṣasi ruci-niviḍe maṇirāḍ ayam uḍur iva sphurati
English translation
“Though the Kaustubha jewel, the king of jewels, discredits the sun by its shining rays, it appears like only a star on the Lord’s chest, which shines much brighter.”
2.1.58
Sourceप्रभावः-- प्रभावः सर्वजित्-स्थितिः
prabhāvaḥ-- prabhāvaḥ sarvajit-sthitiḥ
English translation
“ Prabhāva refers to His capacity to conquer all others.”
2.1.60
Source(५) बलीयान्-- प्राणेन महता पूर्णो बलीयान् इति कथ्यते
(5) balīyān-- prāṇena mahatā pūrṇo balīyān iti kathyate
English translation
(5) Balīyān means “filled with great strength.”
2.1.61
Sourceपश्य विन्ध्य-गिरितो ऽपि गरिष्ठं दैत्य-पुङ्गवम् उदग्रम् अरिष्टम् । तुल-खण्डम् इव पिण्डितम् आरात् पुण्डरीक-नयनो विनुनोद
paśya vindhya-girito 'pi gariṣṭhaṃ daitya-puṅgavam udagram ariṣṭam | tula-khaṇḍam iva piṇḍitam ārāt puṇḍarīka-nayano vinunoda
English translation
“Just see! Lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa has thrown the greatest demon Ariṣṭāsura , who is heavier and higher than the Vindhya mountain range, to a far distance.”
2.1.63
Source(६) वयसान्वितः-- वयसो विविधत्वे ऽपि सर्व-भक्ति-रसाश्रयः । धर्मी किशोर एवात्र नित्य-नाना-विलासवान्
(6) vayasānvitaḥ-- vayaso vividhatve 'pi sarva-bhakti-rasāśrayaḥ | dharmī kiśora evātra nitya-nānā-vilāsavān
English translation
(6) vayasānvitaḥ: endowed with ideal age — “Though Kṛṣṇa is endowed with all ages which become most excellent, the age of kaiśora , ever-fresh, endowed with all pastimes, manifesting all good qualities, and the shelter of all rasas , is considered the best.”
2.1.65
Source(७) विविधाद्भुत-भाषावित्-- विविधाद्भुत-भाषावित् स प्रोक्तो यस् तु कोविदः । नाना-देश्यासु भाषासु संस्कृते प्राकृतेषु च
(7) vividhādbhuta-bhāṣāvit-- vividhādbhuta-bhāṣāvit sa prokto yas tu kovidaḥ | nānā-deśyāsu bhāṣāsu saṃskṛte prākṛteṣu ca
English translation
(7) vividhādbhuta-bhāṣāvit: astonishing linguist — “A person who knows the languages of various countries, Sanskrit , the vernacular and the languages of animals is called an astonishing linguist.”
2.1.67
Source(८) सत्य-वाक्यः-- स्यान् नानृतं वचो यस्य सत्य-वाक्यः स कथ्यते
(8) satya-vākyaḥ-- syān nānṛtaṃ vaco yasya satya-vākyaḥ sa kathyate
English translation
(8) satya-vākyaḥ: truthful speaker — “A person whose words are never false is called a speaker of the truth.”
2.1.68
Sourceपृथे तनय-पञ्चकं प्रकटम् अर्पयिष्यामि ते रणोर्वरितम् इत्य् अभूत् तव यथार्थम् एवोदितम् । रविर् भवति शीतलः कुमुद-बन्धुर् अप्य् उष्णलस् तथापि न मुरान्तक व्यभिचरिष्णुर् उक्तिस् तव
pṛthe tanaya-pañcakaṃ prakaṭam arpayiṣyāmi te raṇorvaritam ity abhūt tava yathārtham evoditam | ravir bhavati śītalaḥ kumuda-bandhur apy uṣṇalas tathāpi na murāntaka vyabhicariṣṇur uktis tava
English translation
“You said, ‘O Kunti ! I will bring back your five sons to you from the battlefield alive and with great honor.’ Your statement has come true. O
Murari! Even though the sun may become cold and the moon may become hot, Your words will never be untrue.”
2.1.70
Source(९) प्रियंवदः-- जने कृतापराधे ऽपि सान्त्व-वादी प्रियंवदः
(9) priyaṃvadaḥ-- jane kṛtāparādhe 'pi sāntva-vādī priyaṃvadaḥ
English translation
(9) priyaṃvadaḥ: speaking in a pleasing manner — “Speaking in a pleasing manner means speaking pleasantly even to those who have offended.”
2.1.72
Source(१०) वावदूकः-- श्रुति-प्रेष्ठोक्तिर् अखिल-वाग्-गुणान्वित-वाग् अपि । इति द्विधा निगदितो वावदूको मनीषिभिः
(10) vāvadūkaḥ-- śruti-preṣṭhoktir akhila-vāg-guṇānvita-vāg api | iti dvidhā nigadito vāvadūko manīṣibhiḥ
English translation
(10) vāvadūkaḥ: eloquent — “The wise say that there are two types of eloquence: speaking that is pleasing to the ear, and speaking with clever meaning.”
2.1.73
Sourceअश्लिष्ट-कोमल-पदावलि-मञ्जुलेन प्रत्य्-अक्षर-क्षरद्-अमन्द-सुधा-रसेन । सख्यः समस्त-जन-कर्ण-रसायनेन नाहारि कस्य हृदयं हरि-भाषितेन
aśliṣṭa-komala-padāvali-mañjulena praty-akṣara-kṣarad-amanda-sudhā-rasena | sakhyaḥ samasta-jana-karṇa-rasāyanena nāhāri kasya hṛdayaṃ hari-bhāṣitena
English translation
An example of peaking in a pleasing manner: “O friends! Whose heart will not be stolen by the words of Kṛṣṇa , sweet with clear, soft pronunciation, an elixir of intense nectar in the placement of each syllable, a life-giving medicine to the ears of all people by its sweet intonation?”
2.1.75
Source(११) सुपण्डित्यः-- विद्वान् नीतिज्ञ इत्य् एष सुपण्डित्यो द्विधा मतः । विद्वान् अखिल-विद्या-विन् नीतिज्ञस् तु यथार्ह-कृत्
(11) supaṇḍityaḥ-- vidvān nītijña ity eṣa supaṇḍityo dvidhā mataḥ | vidvān akhila-vidyā-vin nītijñas tu yathārha-kṛt
English translation
(11) supaṇḍityaḥ: knowledgeable — “Being knowledgeable has two aspects: knowledge of all branches of all subjects, and knowledge of proper conduct.”
2.1.76
Sourceयं सुष्ठु पूर्वं परिचर्य गौरवात् पितामहाद्य्-अम्बुधरैः प्रवर्तिताः । कृष्णार्णवं काश्य-गुरु-क्षमाभूतस् तम् एव विद्या-सरितः प्रपेदिरे
yaṃ suṣṭhu pūrvaṃ paricarya gauravāt pitāmahādy-ambudharaiḥ pravartitāḥ | kṛṣṇārṇavaṃ kāśya-guru-kṣamābhūtas tam eva vidyā-saritaḥ prapedire
English translation
An example of knowing all branches of knowledge: “Previously the clouds, in the form of Brahmā and others, by expertly serving with reverence the ocean in the form of Kṛṣṇa , produced rivers of knowledge. Now those rivers of knowledge are flowing from the mountain of Sāndipani back into the ocean of Kṛṣṇa.”
2.1.77
Sourceआम्नाय-प्रथितान्वया स्मृतिमती बाढं षड्-अङ्गोज्ज्वला न्यायेनानुगता पुराण-सुहृदा मीमांसया मण्डिता । त्वां लब्धावसरा चिराद् गुरुकुले प्रेक्ष्य स्वसङ्गार्थिनं विद्या नाम वधूश् चतुर्दश-गुणा गोविन्द शुश्रूयते
āmnāya-prathitānvayā smṛtimatī bāḍhaṃ ṣaḍ-aṅgojjvalā nyāyenānugatā purāṇa-suhṛdā mīmāṃsayā maṇḍitā | tvāṃ labdhāvasarā cirād gurukule prekṣya svasaṅgārthinaṃ vidyā nāma vadhūś caturdaśa-guṇā govinda śuśrūyate
English translation
Another example: “O Govinda ! The bride of knowledge with fourteen branches whose lineage is distributed by the four Vedas , and which includes the smṛtis , is made brilliant by the six aṅgas, is followed by the saḍ-darśaṇas , is assisted by the Purāṇas , and decorated with the karma - and jñāna-kāṇḍas . This bride of knowledge, seeing You eager to gain her association at the house of Your guru , desires to serve You, finding this opportunity after a long time.”
2.1.79
Source(१२) बुद्धिमान्-- मेधावी सूक्ष्मधीश् चेति प्रोच्यते बुद्धिमान् द्विधा
(12) buddhimān-- medhāvī sūkṣmadhīś ceti procyate buddhimān dvidhā
English translation
(12) buddhimān: intelligent — “ Buddhimān means the capacity to absorb knowledge and possessing fine intelligence.”
2.1.80
Sourceअवन्ति-पुर-वासिनः सदनम् एत्य सान्दीपनेर् गुरोर् जगति दर्शयन् समयम् अत्र विद्यार्थिनाम् । सकृन् निगद-मात्रतः सकलम् एव विद्या-कुलं दधौ हृदय-मन्दिरे किम् अपि चित्रवन् माधवः
avanti-pura-vāsinaḥ sadanam etya sāndīpaner guror jagati darśayan samayam atra vidyārthinām | sakṛn nigada-mātrataḥ sakalam eva vidyā-kulaṃ dadhau hṛdaya-mandire kim api citravan mādhavaḥ
English translation
An example of the ability to absorb knowledge: “ Mādhava , going to the house of Sāndīpani , His guru living in Avantipura , to teach the proper method to those who desire knowledge, received all the knowledge in the temple of His heart after just one recitation by His guru . How astonishing it is!”
2.1.82
Source(१३) प्रतिभान्वितः-- सद्यो नवनवोल्लेखि-ज्ञानं स्यात् प्रतिभान्वितः
(13) pratibhānvitaḥ-- sadyo navanavollekhi-jñānaṃ syāt pratibhānvitaḥ
English translation
(13) pratibhānvitaḥ: creative— “ Pratibhāvita means immediate, novel manifestation of ideas.”
2.1.84
Source(१४) विदग्धः-- कला-विलास-दिग्धात्मा विदग्ध इति कीर्त्यते
(14) vidagdhaḥ-- kalā-vilāsa-digdhātmā vidagdha iti kīrtyate
English translation
(14) vidagdhaḥ: aesthetic — “One whose mind is absorbed in the 64 arts such as dancing and singing, and in various amusements, is called aesthetic.”
2.1.86
Source(१५) चतुरः-- चतुरो युगपद्-भूरि-समाधान-कृद् उच्यते
(15) caturaḥ-- caturo yugapad-bhūri-samādhāna-kṛd ucyate
English translation
(15) caturaḥ: clever — “A clever person is one who brings about a solution to many problems simultaneously.”
2.1.88
Source(१६) दक्षः-- दुष्करे क्षिप्र-कारी यस् तं दक्षं परिचक्षते
(16) dakṣaḥ-- duṣkare kṣipra-kārī yas taṃ dakṣaṃ paricakṣate
English translation
(16) dakṣaḥ: expert — “An expert person does very quickly what is difficult to do.”
2.1.89
Sourceयथा श्री-दशमे (१०.५९.१७)-- यानि योधैः प्रयुक्तानि शस्त्रास्त्राणि कुरूद्वह । हरिस् तान्य् अच्छिनत् तीक्ष्णैः शरैर् एकैक-शस्त्रिभिः
yathā śrī-daśame (10.59.17)-- yāni yodhaiḥ prayuktāni śastrāstrāṇi kurūdvaha | haris tāny acchinat tīkṣṇaiḥ śarair ekaika-śastribhiḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.59.17]: “Lord Hari then struck down all the missiles and weapons the enemy soldiers threw at Him, O hero of the Kurus , destroying each and every one with three sharp arrows.”
2.1.91
Source(१७) कृतज्ञः-- कृतज्ञः स्याद् अभिज्ञो यः कृत-सेवादि-कर्मणाम्
(17) kṛtajñaḥ-- kṛtajñaḥ syād abhijño yaḥ kṛta-sevādi-karmaṇām
English translation
(17) kṛtajñaḥ: grateful — “A grateful person is one who acknowledges others who have done service.”
2.1.92
Sourceयथा महाभारते {*नोत् फ़ोउन्द् इन् च्रितिचल् एदितिओन्.}-- ऋणम् एतत् प्रवृद्धं मे हृदयान् नापसर्पति । यद् गोविन्देति चुक्रोश कृष्णा मां दूर-वासिनम्
yathā mahābhārate {*Not found in critical edition.}-- ṛṇam etat pravṛddhaṃ me hṛdayān nāpasarpati | yad govindeti cukrośa kṛṣṇā māṃ dūra-vāsinam
English translation
An example from Mahābhārata [5.58.21]: “ Draupadi cried out ‘O Govinda !’ though I was situated far away. That crying out has created an ever-increasing debt that does not leave My heart.”
2.1.94
Source(१८) सुदृढ-व्रतः-- प्रतिज्ञा-नियमौ यस्य सत्यौ स सुदृढ-व्रतः
(18) sudṛḍha-vrataḥ-- pratijñā-niyamau yasya satyau sa sudṛḍha-vrataḥ
English translation
(18) sudṛḍha-vrataḥ: fixed in vow — “A person who is true to his promises and to his perpetual vows is called fixed in vow.”
2.1.95
Sourceन देव-गन्धर्व-गणा न राक्षसा न चासुरा नैव च यक्ष-पन्नगाः । मम प्रतिज्ञाम् अपहन्तुम् उद्यता मुने समर्थाः खलु सत्यम् अस्तु ते
na deva-gandharva-gaṇā na rākṣasā na cāsurā naiva ca yakṣa-pannagāḥ | mama pratijñām apahantum udyatā mune samarthāḥ khalu satyam astu te
English translation
Being true to His promises is illustrated in Hari- vaṃśa [2.68.38]: “O Nārada ! All of the devas , Gandharvas , Rākṣasas , asuras, Yakṣas and Pannagas are trying to make Me break My promise, but they cannot do so. May My promise to you be fruitful!”
2.1.96
Sourceस-हेलम् आखण्डल-पाण्डु-पुत्रौ विधाय कंसारिर् अपारिजातौ । निज-प्रतिज्ञां सफलां दधानः सत्यां च कृष्णां च सुखाम् अकार्षीत्
sa-helam ākhaṇḍala-pāṇḍu-putrau vidhāya kaṃsārir apārijātau | nija-pratijñāṃ saphalāṃ dadhānaḥ satyāṃ ca kṛṣṇāṃ ca sukhām akārṣīt
English translation
Another example: “ Kṛṣṇa , the enemy of Kaṃsa , very easily made Indra bereft of the Pārijāta tree and pleased Satyabhāmā . He also made Yudhiṣṭhīra devoid of enemies and pleased Draupadi . In this way He fulfilled His promises.”
2.1.98
Source(१९) देश-काल-सुपात्रज्ञः-- देश-काल-सुपात्रज्ञस् तत्-तद्-योग्य-क्रिया-कृतिः
(19) deśa-kāla-supātrajñaḥ-- deśa-kāla-supātrajñas tat-tad-yogya-kriyā-kṛtiḥ
English translation
(19) deśa-kāla-supātrajñaḥ: knower of place, time and person — “The knower of place, time and person is one who performs actions suitable to the time, place and person.”
2.1.100
Source(२०) शास्त्र-चक्षुः-- शास्त्रानुसारि-कर्मा यः शास्त्र-चक्षुः स कथ्यते
(20) śāstra-cakṣuḥ-- śāstrānusāri-karmā yaḥ śāstra-cakṣuḥ sa kathyate
English translation
(20) śāstra-cakṣuḥ: sees with the eyes of the scriptures — “A person who sees with the eyes of the scriptures is a person who performs his actions according to the rules of the scripture.”
2.1.102
Source(२१) शुचिः-- पावनश् च विशुद्धेश् चेत्य् उच्यते द्विविधः शुचिः । पावनः पाप-नाशी स्याद् विशुद्धस् त्यक्त-दूसणः
(21) śuciḥ-- pāvanaś ca viśuddheś cety ucyate dvividhaḥ śuciḥ | pāvanaḥ pāpa-nāśī syād viśuddhas tyakta-dūsaṇaḥ
English translation
(21) śuciḥ: pure — “There are two types of purity: pāvana and viśuddha . Pāvana means he who destroys sin, and viśuddha means he who is without faults.”
2.1.103
Sourceतं निर्व्याजं भज गुण-निधे पावनं पावनानां श्रद्धा-रज्यन्-मतिर् अतितराम् उत्तमः-श्लोक-मौलिम् । प्रोद्यन्न् अन्तः-करण-कुहरे हन्त यन्-नाम-भानोर् आभासो ऽपि क्षपयति महा-पातक-ध्वान्त-राशिम्
taṃ nirvyājaṃ bhaja guṇa-nidhe pāvanaṃ pāvanānāṃ śraddhā-rajyan-matir atitarām uttamaḥ-śloka-maulim | prodyann antaḥ-karaṇa-kuhare hanta yan-nāma-bhānor ābhāso 'pi kṣapayati mahā-pātaka-dhvānta-rāśim
English translation
Purification of sin is illustrated in Padma Purāṇa : “With intellect purified by faith and all sincerity, please worship Kṛṣṇa , an ocean of good qualities, whose glory destroys all darkness, who purifies those who purify others. When just the semblance of His Holy Name appears in the heart, it destroys the greatest accumulation of sins, just as the light prior to the rising of the sun destroys all darkness.”
2.1.105
Source(२२) वशी वशी जितेन्द्रियः प्रोक्तः
(22) vaśī vaśī jitendriyaḥ proktaḥ
English translation
(22) vaśī: subjugator— “A subjugator is one who controls his senses.”
2.1.107
Source(२३) स्थिरः आफलोदयकृत् स्थिरः
(23) sthiraḥ āphalodayakṛt sthiraḥ
English translation
(23) sthiraḥ: persevering — “He who works steadily until achieving his goals is called persevering.”
2.1.109
Source(२४) दान्तः-- स दान्तो दुःसहम् अपि योग्यं क्लेशं सहेत यः
(24) dāntaḥ-- sa dānto duḥsaham api yogyaṃ kleśaṃ saheta yaḥ
English translation
(24) dāntaḥ: patient — “A person who endures difficult but necessary suffering is called patient.”
2.1.111
Source(२५) क्षमाशीलः क्षमाशीलो ऽपराधानां सहनः परिकीर्त्यते
(25) kṣamāśīlaḥ kṣamāśīlo 'parādhānāṃ sahanaḥ parikīrtyate
English translation
(25) kṣamāśīlaḥ: tolerant — “A person who endures the offenses of others is called tolerant.”
2.1.112
Sourceप्रतिवाचम् अदत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदि-भूभृते । अनहुङ्कुरुते घन-ध्वनिः न हि गोमायु-रुतानि केशरी
prativācam adatta keśavaḥ śapamānāya na cedi-bhūbhṛte | anahuṅkurute ghana-dhvaniḥ na hi gomāyu-rutāni keśarī
English translation
An example from the Śiṣupāla- vadha , Māgha- kāvya [16.25]: “Though Śiṣupāla criticized Kṛṣṇa hundreds of times, Kṛṣṇa did not give any response. Though the lion replies to the thunder, it does not pay attention to the howl of the jackal.”
2.1.114
Source(२६) गम्भीरः-- दुर्विबोधाशयो यस् तु स गम्भीरः इतीर्यते
(26) gambhīraḥ-- durvibodhāśayo yas tu sa gambhīraḥ itīryate
English translation
(26) gambhīraḥ: inscrutable — “A person whose intentions are difficult to comprehend is called inscrutable.”
2.1.115
Sourceयथा-- वृन्दावने वरातिः स्तुतिभिर् नितराम् उपास्यमानो ऽपि । शक्तो न हरिर् विधिना रुष्टस् तुष्टो ऽथवा ज्ञातुम्
yathā-- vṛndāvane varātiḥ stutibhir nitarām upāsyamāno 'pi | śakto na harir vidhinā ruṣṭas tuṣṭo 'thavā jñātum
English translation
“When Brahmā worshipped Kṛṣṇa in Vṛndāvana by offering the best praises, Kṛṣṇa remained silent. Brahmā could not understand whether Kṛṣṇa was satisfied or angry with him.”
2.1.117
Source(२७) धृतिमान्-- पूर्ण-स्पृहश् च धृतिमान् शान्तश् च क्षोभ-कारणे
(27) dhṛtimān-- pūrṇa-spṛhaś ca dhṛtimān śāntaś ca kṣobha-kāraṇe
English translation
(27) dhṛtimān: steadfast — “The person who is fully satisfied in his desires, or who is peaceful when there is cause for agitation by controlling his mind, is called steadfast.”
2.1.118
Sourceस्वीकुर्वन्न् अपि नितरां यशः-प्रियत्वं कंसारिर् मगध-पतेर् वध-प्रसिद्धाम् । भीमाय स्वयम् अतुलाम् अदत्त कीर्तिं किं लोकोत्तर-गुण-शालिनाम् अपेक्ष्यम्
svīkurvann api nitarāṃ yaśaḥ-priyatvaṃ kaṃsārir magadha-pater vadha-prasiddhām | bhīmāya svayam atulām adatta kīrtiṃ kiṃ lokottara-guṇa-śālinām apekṣyam
English translation
The fully satisfied person is illustrated in the following: “Though Kṛṣṇa is fond of fame, He gave that incomparable fame to Bhīma in the killing of Jarāsandha . What remains to be desired by those of superior character?”
2.1.120
Source(२८) समः-- राग-द्वेष-विमुक्तो यः समः स कथितो बुधैः
(28) samaḥ-- rāga-dveṣa-vimukto yaḥ samaḥ sa kathito budhaiḥ
English translation
(28) samaḥ: impartial— “The learned say that a person who is free from attraction and disgust is called impartial.”
2.1.121
Sourceन्याय्यो हि दण्डः कृत-किल्बिषे ऽस्मिंस् तवावतारः खल-निग्रहाय । रिपोः सुतानाम् अपि तुल्य-दृष्टेर् धत्से दमं फलम् एवानुशंसन्
nyāyyo hi daṇḍaḥ kṛta-kilbiṣe 'smiṃs tavāvatāraḥ khala-nigrahāya | ripoḥ sutānām api tulya-dṛṣṭer dhatse damaṃ phalam evānuśaṃsan
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.16.33]: “The wives of the Kāliya serpent said: The punishment this offender has been subjected to is certainly just. After all, You have incarnated within this world to curb down envious and cruel persons. You are so impartial that You look equally upon Your enemies and Your own sons, for when You impose a punishment on a living being You know it to be for his ultimate benefit.”
2.1.123
Source(२९) वदान्यः-- दान-वीरो भवेद् यस् तु स वदान्यो निगद्यते
(29) vadānyaḥ-- dāna-vīro bhaved yas tu sa vadānyo nigadyate
English translation
(29) vadānyaḥ: generous — “The person who is very charitable is called generous.”
2.1.124
Sourceसर्वार्थिनां बाढम् अभीष्ट-पूर्त्या व्यर्थीकृताः कंस-निसूदनेन । ह्रियेव चिन्तामणि-कामधेनु- कल्प-द्रुमा द्वारवतीं भजन्ति
sarvārthināṃ bāḍham abhīṣṭa-pūrtyā vyarthīkṛtāḥ kaṃsa-nisūdanena | hriyeva cintāmaṇi-kāmadhenu- kalpa-drumā dvāravatīṃ bhajanti
English translation
“The wishing jewel, the desire cow and the desire tree, being made useless, by Kṛṣṇa , who fully satisfies all the supplicants’ desires, serve Dvārakā in shame.”
2.1.125
Sourceयेषां षोडश-पूरिता दश-शती स्वान्तः-पुराणां तथा चाष्टाश्लिष्ट-शतं विभाति परितस् तत्-सङ्ख्य-पत्नी-युजाम् । एकैकं प्रति तेषु तर्णक-भृतां भूषा-जुषाम् अन्वहं गृष्टीनां युगपच् च बद्धम् अददाद् यस् तस्य वा कः समः
yeṣāṃ ṣoḍaśa-pūritā daśa-śatī svāntaḥ-purāṇāṃ tathā cāṣṭāśliṣṭa-śataṃ vibhāti paritas tat-saṅkhya-patnī-yujām | ekaikaṃ prati teṣu tarṇaka-bhṛtāṃ bhūṣā-juṣām anvahaṃ gṛṣṭīnāṃ yugapac ca baddham adadād yas tasya vā kaḥ samaḥ
English translation
Another example: “In each of the 16,108 palaces with their queens, every day at one time Kṛṣṇa would give in charity 13,084 ornamented young cows with first-born calves. Who can be equal to Him in charity?”
2.1.126
Source(३०) धार्मिकः-- कुर्वन् कारयते धर्मं यः स धार्मिक उच्यते
(30) dhārmikaḥ-- kurvan kārayate dharmaṃ yaḥ sa dhārmika ucyate
English translation
(30) dhārmikaḥ: virtuous — “The person who follows the principles of dharma , and engages others in doing so also, is called virtuous.”
2.1.127
Sourceपादैश् चतुर्भिर् भवता वृषस्य गुप्तस्य गोपेन्द्र तथाभ्यवर्धि । स्वैरं चरन्न् एव यथा त्रिलोक्याम् अधर्म-स्पर्शाणि हठाज् जघास
pādaiś caturbhir bhavatā vṛṣasya guptasya gopendra tathābhyavardhi | svairaṃ carann eva yathā trilokyām adharma-sparśāṇi haṭhāj jaghāsa
English translation
An example: “O King of the cowherd men! Under Your protection, the bull of dharma with four legs has flourished to such an extent that, going everywhere in the three worlds, he has forcefully gobbled up the grass of irreligion.”
2.1.129
Source(३१) शूरः-- उत्साही युधि शूरो ऽस्त्र-प्रयोगे च विचक्षणः
(31) śūraḥ-- utsāhī yudhi śūro 'stra-prayoge ca vicakṣaṇaḥ
English translation
(31) śūraḥ: hero — “A hero is a person who is energetic in fighting and skillful in the use of weapons.”
2.1.130
Sourceपृथु-समर-सरो विगाह्य कुर्वन् द्विषद्-अरविन्द-वने विहार-चर्याम् । स्फुरसि तरल-बाहु-दण्ड-शुण्डस् त्वम् अघ-विदारण वारणेन्द्र-लीलः
pṛthu-samara-saro vigāhya kurvan dviṣad-aravinda-vane vihāra-caryām | sphurasi tarala-bāhu-daṇḍa-śuṇḍas tvam agha-vidāraṇa vāraṇendra-līlaḥ
English translation
An example of enthusiasm in fighting is illustrated first: “O destroyer of Agha ! Destroyer of sin! With Your trembling trunk-like arms, submerging Yourself in the lake of the expansive battlefield, playing in the forest of lotuses composed of Your enemies, You appear to be playing like the King of the elephants.”
2.1.132
Source(३२) करुणः-- पर-दुःखासहो यस् तु करुणः स निगद्यते
(32) karuṇaḥ-- para-duḥkhāsaho yas tu karuṇaḥ sa nigadyate
English translation
(32) karuṇaḥ: compassionate — “A person who cannot tolerate the suffering of others is called compassionate.”
2.1.133
Sourceराज्ञाम् अगाध-गतिभिर् मगधेन्द्र-कारा- दुःखान्धकार-पटलैः स्वयम् अन्धितानाम् । अक्षीणि यः सुखमयानि घृणी व्यतानीद् वृन्दे तम् अद्य यदुनन्दन-पद्म-बन्धुम्
rājñām agādha-gatibhir magadhendra-kārā- duḥkhāndhakāra-paṭalaiḥ svayam andhitānām | akṣīṇi yaḥ sukhamayāni ghṛṇī vyatānīd vṛnde tam adya yadunandana-padma-bandhum
English translation
An example of karuṇa : “I offer my respects to the compassionate son of the Yadus, who like the sun made all the kings’ eyes blossom with joy. These kings had blinded themselves with tears, arising from the impenetrable darkness of suffering caused by being imprisoned by Jarāsandha .”
2.1.135
Source(३३) मान्यमानकृत्-- गुरु-ब्राह्मण-वृद्धादि-पूजको मान्यमान-कृत्
(33) mānyamānakṛt-- guru-brāhmaṇa-vṛddhādi-pūjako mānyamāna-kṛt
English translation
(33) mānyamāna-kṛt: respectful — “A person who worships guru, brāhmaṇas and the elderly is called respectful.”
2.1.137
Source(३४) दक्षिणः-- सौशील्य-सौम्य-चरितो दक्षिणः कीर्त्यते बुधैः
(34) dakṣiṇaḥ-- sauśīlya-saumya-carito dakṣiṇaḥ kīrtyate budhaiḥ
English translation
(34) dakṣiṇaḥ: compliant — “A person who is mild due to his excellent nature is called compliant by the intelligent.”
2.1.139
Source(३५) विनयी-- औद्धत्य-परिहारी यः कथ्यते विनयीत्य् असौ
(35) vinayī-- auddhatya-parihārī yaḥ kathyate vinayīty asau
English translation
(35) vinayī: modest — “The person who is devoid of arrogance is called modest.”
2.1.141
Source(३६) ह्रीमान्-- ज्ञाते ऽस्मर-रहस्ये ऽन्यैः क्रियमाणे स्तवे ऽथवा । शालीनत्वेन सङ्कोचं भजन् ह्रीमान् उदीर्यते
(36) hrīmān-- jñāte 'smara-rahasye 'nyaiḥ kriyamāṇe stave 'thavā | śālīnatvena saṅkocaṃ bhajan hrīmān udīryate
English translation
(36) hrīmān: bashful — “A person is called bashful who is shy when praised by others, or when he thinks that others are aware of his secret love affairs, because of modesty or his unfathomable nature.”
2.1.143
Source(३७) शरणागत-पालकः-- पालयन् शरणापन्नान् शरणागत-पालकः
(37) śaraṇāgata-pālakaḥ-- pālayan śaraṇāpannān śaraṇāgata-pālakaḥ
English translation
(37) śaraṇāgata-pālakaḥ: protector of the surrendered — “He who protects those who surrender is called protector of the surrendered.”
2.1.145
Source(३८) सुखी-- भोक्ता च दुःख-गन्धैर् अप्य् अस्पृष्टश् च सुखी भवेत्
(38) sukhī-- bhoktā ca duḥkha-gandhair apy aspṛṣṭaś ca sukhī bhavet
English translation
(38) sukhī: happy — “The person who is an enjoyer and is not touched by a trace of sorrow is called a happy person.”
2.1.146
Sourceरत्नालङ्कार-भारस् तव धन-दमनो राज्य-वृत्त्याप्य् अलभ्यः स्वप्ने दम्भोलि-पाणेर् अपि दुरधिगमं द्वारि तौर्यत्रिकं च । पार्श्वे गौरी-गरिष्ठाः प्रचुर-शशि-कलाः कान्त-सर्वाङ्ग-भाजः सीमन्तिन्यश् च नित्यं यदुवर भुवने कस् त्वद्-अन्यो ऽस्ति भोगी
ratnālaṅkāra-bhāras tava dhana-damano rājya-vṛttyāpy alabhyaḥ svapne dambholi-pāṇer api duradhigamaṃ dvāri tauryatrikaṃ ca | pārśve gaurī-gariṣṭhāḥ pracura-śaśi-kalāḥ kānta-sarvāṅga-bhājaḥ sīmantinyaś ca nityaṃ yaduvara bhuvane kas tvad-anyo 'sti bhogī
English translation
The enjoyer is illustrated first: “O best of the Yadus, the quantity of Your jeweled ornaments cannot be imagined by Kuvera , the lord of wealth. The singing and dancing taking place at Your door cannot be imagined by Indra , even in his dreams. At Your side constantly are beautiful women who enjoy Your attractive limbs, who are decorated with the tips of Your moon-like fingernails, and who are thus superior to the wife of Śiva . In this world there is no enjoyer like You.”
2.1.148
Source(३९) भक्त-सुहृत्-- सुसेव्यो दास-बन्धुश् च द्विधा भक्त-सुहृन् मतः
(39) bhakta-suhṛt-- susevyo dāsa-bandhuś ca dvidhā bhakta-suhṛn mataḥ
English translation
(39) bhakta-suhṛt: friend of the devotees — “There are two ways in which Kṛṣṇa is a friend to His devotees: being easily served and being a friend of His servant.”
2.1.149
Sourceतत्र आद्यो, यथा विष्णु-धर्मे-- तुलसी-दल-मात्रेण जलस्य चुलुकेन च । विक्रीणीते स्वम् आत्मानं भक्तेभ्यो भक्त-वत्सलः
tatra ādyo, yathā viṣṇu-dharme-- tulasī-dala-mātreṇa jalasya culukena ca | vikrīṇīte svam ātmānaṃ bhaktebhyo bhakta-vatsalaḥ
English translation
An example of being easily served, from Viṣṇu Dharma : “If the devotees offer only water and tulasī leaves to the Lord, the Lord, being affectionate to the devotees, puts Himself under the control of the devotees.”
2.1.151
Source(४०) प्रेम-वश्यः-- प्रियत्व-मात्र-वश्यो यः प्रेम-वश्यो भवेद् असौ
(40) prema-vaśyaḥ-- priyatva-mātra-vaśyo yaḥ prema-vaśyo bhaved asau
English translation
(40) prema-vaśyaḥ: controlled by love — “He who is controlled only by affection is called controlled by love.”
2.1.152
Sourceयथा श्री-दशमे (१०.८०.१९)-- सख्युः प्रियस्य विप्रर्षेर् अङ्ग-सङ्गाति-निर्वृतः । प्रीतो व्यमुञ्चद् अध्विन्दून् नेत्राभ्यां पुष्करेक्षणः
yathā śrī-daśame (10.80.19)-- sakhyuḥ priyasya viprarṣer aṅga-saṅgāti-nirvṛtaḥ | prīto vyamuñcad adhvindūn netrābhyāṃ puṣkarekṣaṇaḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.80.19]: “The lotus-eyed Supreme Lord felt intense ecstasy upon touching the body of His dear friend, the wise brāhmaṇa , and thus He shed tears of love.”
2.1.154
Source(४१) सर्व-शुभङ्करः-- सर्वेषां हित-कारी यः स स्यात् सर्व-शुभङ्करः
(41) sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ-- sarveṣāṃ hita-kārī yaḥ sa syāt sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ
English translation
(41) sarva-śubhaṅkaraḥ: benefactor of all — “He who works for the benefit of everyone is called benefactor of all.”
2.1.156
Source(४२) प्रतापी-- प्रतापी पौरुषोद्भूत-शत्रु-तापि प्रसिद्धि-भाक्
(42) pratāpī-- pratāpī pauruṣodbhūta-śatru-tāpi prasiddhi-bhāk
English translation
(42) pratāpī: glorious— “He who is famous for inflicting pain on the enemy with astonishing valor is called glorious (an effulgent person).”
2.1.158
Source(४३) कीर्तिमान्-- साद्गुण्यैर् निर्मलैः ख्यातः कीर्तिमान् इति कीर्त्यते
(43) kīrtimān-- sādguṇyair nirmalaiḥ khyātaḥ kīrtimān iti kīrtyate
English translation
(43) kīrtimān: renowned — “A person who is famous for spotless good qualities is called renowned.”
2.1.159
Sourceत्वद्-यशः-कुमुद-बन्धु-कौमुदी शुभ्र-भावम् अभितो नयन्त्य् अपि । नन्दनन्दन कथं नु निर्ममे कृष्ण-भाव-कलिलं जगत्-त्रयम्
tvad-yaśaḥ-kumuda-bandhu-kaumudī śubhra-bhāvam abhito nayanty api | nandanandana kathaṃ nu nirmame kṛṣṇa-bhāva-kalilaṃ jagat-trayam
English translation
“O son of Nanda ! Since the light of the moon of Your good qualities has already turned everything radiant (white), how can it make the world thick with Kṛṣṇa -prema? ( kṛṣṇa also means darkness)”
2.1.161
Source(४४) रक्त-लोकः-- पात्रं लोकानुरागाणां रक्त-लोकं विदुर् बुधाः
(44) rakta-lokaḥ-- pātraṃ lokānurāgāṇāṃ rakta-lokaṃ vidur budhāḥ
English translation
(44) rakta-lokaḥ: attractive to all people — “The intelligent say that the person who is the object of attraction for all people is called attractive to people.”
2.1.162
Sourceकुरून् मधून् वाथ सुहृद्-दिदृक्षया तत्राब्द-कोटि-प्रतिमः क्षणो भवेद् रविं विनाक्ष्णोर् इव नस् तवाच्युत
kurūn madhūn vātha suhṛd-didṛkṣayā tatrābda-koṭi-pratimaḥ kṣaṇo bhaved raviṃ vinākṣṇor iva nas tavācyuta
English translation
An example from the First Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [1.11.9]: “O lotus-eyed Lord, whenever You go away to Mathurā , Vṛndāvana or Hastināpura to meet Your friends and relatives, every moment of Your absence seems like a million years. O infallible one, at that time our eyes become useless, as if bereft of sun.”
2.1.164
Source(४५) साधु-समाश्रयः-- सद्-एक-पक्षपाती यः स स्यात् साधु-समाश्रयः
(45) sādhu-samāśrayaḥ-- sad-eka-pakṣapātī yaḥ sa syāt sādhu-samāśrayaḥ
English translation
(45) sādhu-samāśrayaḥ: protects the devotees — “He who has exclusive inclination towards the devotees is called the protector of the devotees.”
2.1.166
Source(४६) नारी-गण-मनो-हारी-- नारी-गण-मनो-हारी सुन्दरी-वृन्द-मोहनः
(46) nārī-gaṇa-mano-hārī-- nārī-gaṇa-mano-hārī sundarī-vṛnda-mohanaḥ
English translation
(46) nārī-gaṇa-mano-hārī: attractive to women — “The person who enchants a group of women by his very nature is called an attractor of women.”
2.1.167
Sourceयथा श्री-दशमे (१०.९०.२६)-- श्रुत-मात्रो ऽपि यः स्त्रीणां प्रसह्याकर्षते मनः । उरुगायोरुगीतो वा पश्यन्तीनां च किं पुनः
yathā śrī-daśame (10.90.26)-- śruta-mātro 'pi yaḥ strīṇāṃ prasahyākarṣate manaḥ | urugāyorugīto vā paśyantīnāṃ ca kiṃ punaḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.90.26]: “The Lord, being glorified in countless ways, forcibly attracts the minds of women who simply hear about Him. What to speak, then, if those women see Him directly?”
2.1.169
Source(४७) सर्वाराध्यः-- सर्वेषाम् अग्र-पूज्यो यः स सर्वाराध्य उच्यते
(47) sarvārādhyaḥ-- sarveṣām agra-pūjyo yaḥ sa sarvārādhya ucyate
English translation
(47) sarvārādhyaḥ: all-worshipable — “He who should be worshiped before all others is called all-worshipable.”
2.1.171
Source(४८) समृद्धिमान्-- महा-सम्पत्ति-युक्तो यो भवेद् एष समृद्धिमान्
(48) samṛddhimān-- mahā-sampatti-yukto yo bhaved eṣa samṛddhimān
English translation
(48) samṛddhimān: prosperous — “He who possesses great treasure is called prosperous.”
2.1.172
Sourceषट्-पञ्चाशद्-यदु-कुल-भुवां कोटयस् त्वां भजन्ते वर्षन्त्य् अष्टौ किम् अपि निधयश् चार्थ-जातं तवामी । शुद्धान्तश् च स्फुरति नवभिर् लक्षितः सौध-लक्ष्मैर् लक्ष्मीं पश्यन् मुर-दमन ते नात्र चित्रायते कः
ṣaṭ-pañcāśad-yadu-kula-bhuvāṃ koṭayas tvāṃ bhajante varṣanty aṣṭau kim api nidhayaś cārtha-jātaṃ tavāmī | śuddhāntaś ca sphurati navabhir lakṣitaḥ saudha-lakṣmair lakṣmīṃ paśyan mura-damana te nātra citrāyate kaḥ
English translation
“O subduer of Mura ! 560,000,000 Yadus are serving You. Your eight treasures are raining all wealth. 900,000 pure palaces are shining in glory. Who would not be astonished at seeing Your wealth?”
2.1.174
Source(४९) वरीयान्-- सर्वेषाम् अति-मुख्यो यः स वरीयान् इतीर्यते
(49) varīyān-- sarveṣām ati-mukhyo yaḥ sa varīyān itīryate
English translation
(49) varīyān: the best — “He who is the chief of all people is called the best.”
2.1.176
Source(५०) ईश्वरः-- द्विधेश्वरः स्वतन्त्रश् च दुर्लङ्घ्याज्ञश् च कीर्त्यते
(50) īśvaraḥ-- dvidheśvaraḥ svatantraś ca durlaṅghyājñaś ca kīrtyate
English translation
(50) īśvaraḥ: controller — “It is said that there are two types of controllers: he who is independent and he whose orders cannot be neglected.”
2.1.177
Sourceकृष्णः प्रसादम् अकरोद् अपराध्यते ऽपि पादाङ्कम् एव किल कालिय-पन्नगाय । न ब्रह्मणे दृशम् अपि स्तुवते ऽप्य् अपूर्वं स्थाने स्वतन्त्र-चरितो निगमैर् नुतो ऽयम्
kṛṣṇaḥ prasādam akarod aparādhyate 'pi pādāṅkam eva kila kāliya-pannagāya | na brahmaṇe dṛśam api stuvate 'py apūrvaṃ sthāne svatantra-carito nigamair nuto 'yam
English translation
An example of he who is independent: “Though Kāliya offended the Lord, Kṛṣṇa gave him mercy by placing His foot mark on his head. Though Brahmā praised the Lord, Kṛṣṇa did not even glance at him. Such unprecedented behavior is suitable to the Lord because the Vedas praise Him as being independent.”
2.1.178
Sourceस्वयं त्व् असाम्यातिशयस् त्र्यधीशः स्वाराज्य-लक्ष्म्य्-आप्त-समस्त-कामः । बलिं हरद्भिश् चिर-लोक-पालैः किरीट-कोट्य्-एडित-पाद-पीठः
svayaṃ tv asāmyātiśayas tryadhīśaḥ svārājya-lakṣmy-āpta-samasta-kāmaḥ | baliṃ haradbhiś cira-loka-pālaiḥ kirīṭa-koṭy-eḍita-pāda-pīṭhaḥ
English translation
An example of he whose order cannot be ignored, from the Third Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [3.2.21]:
“Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa is the Lord of all kinds of threes and is independently supreme by achievement of all kinds of fortune. He is worshiped by the eternal maintainers of the creation, who offer Him the paraphernalia of worship by touching their millions of helmets to His feet.”
2.1.180
Sourceअथ (५१) सदा-स्वरूप-सम्प्राप्तः-- सदा-स्वरूप-सम्प्राप्तो माया-कार्य-वशीकृतः
atha (51) sadā-svarūpa-samprāptaḥ-- sadā-svarūpa-samprāpto māyā-kārya-vaśīkṛtaḥ
English translation
(51) atha sadā-svarūpa-samprāptaḥ: eternal form — “He who is not controlled by Māyā or its affects is said to have an eternal form.”
2.1.182
Source(५२) सर्वज्ञः-- पर-चित्त-स्थितं देश-कालाद्य्-अन्तरितं तथा । यो जानाति समस्तार्थः स सर्वज्ञो निगद्यते
(52) sarvajñaḥ-- para-citta-sthitaṃ deśa-kālādy-antaritaṃ tathā | yo jānāti samastārthaḥ sa sarvajño nigadyate
English translation
(52) sarvajñaḥ: omniscient — “He who is the embodiment of all things and knows the situation within all hearts through all time and space is called omniscient.”
2.1.184
Source(५३) नित्य-नूतनः-- सदानुभूयमानो ऽपि करोत्य् अननुभूतवत् । विस्मयं माधुरीभिर् यः स प्रोक्तो नित्य-नूतनः
(53) nitya-nūtanaḥ-- sadānubhūyamāno 'pi karoty ananubhūtavat | vismayaṃ mādhurībhir yaḥ sa prokto nitya-nūtanaḥ
English translation
(53) nitya-nūtanaḥ: ever-fresh — “He who astonishes by appearing unrelished, though he has already been relished with His sweet qualities, is called ever-fresh.”
2.1.185
Sourceयद्यप्य् असौ पार्श्व-गतो रहो-गतस् तथापि तस्याङ्घ्रि-युगं नवं नवम् । पदे पदे का विरमेत तत्-पदाच् चलापि यच् छ्रीर् न जहाति कर्हिचित्
yadyapy asau pārśva-gato raho-gatas tathāpi tasyāṅghri-yugaṃ navaṃ navam | pade pade kā virameta tat-padāc calāpi yac chrīr na jahāti karhicit
English translation
An example from the First Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [1.11.33]: “Although Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa was constantly by their sides, as well as exclusively alone, His feet appeared to them to be newer and newer. The goddess of fortune, although by nature always restless and moving, could not quit the Lord's feet. So what woman can be detached from those feet, having once taken shelter of them?”
2.1.187
Source(५४) सच्-चिद्-आनन्द-सान्द्राङ्गः-- सच्-चिद्-आनन्द-सान्द्राङ्गश् चिदानन्द-घनाकृतिः
(54) sac-cid-ānanda-sāndrāṅgaḥ-- sac-cid-ānanda-sāndrāṅgaś cidānanda-ghanākṛtiḥ
English translation
(54) sac-cid-ānanda-sāndrāṅgaḥ: has a body made from condensed eternity— “He who has a form thoroughly composed of knowledge and bliss, with no contamination of other elements, is called sac-cid-ānanda-sāndrāṅgaḥ. ”
2.1.188
Sourceक्लेशे क्रमात् पञ्च-विधे क्षयं गते यद्-ब्रह्म-सौख्यं स्वयम् अस्फुरत् परम् । तद् व्यर्थयन् कः पुरतो नराकृतिः श्यामो ऽयम् आमोद-भरः प्रकाशते
kleśe kramāt pañca-vidhe kṣayaṃ gate yad-brahma-saukhyaṃ svayam asphurat param | tad vyarthayan kaḥ purato narākṛtiḥ śyāmo 'yam āmoda-bharaḥ prakāśate
English translation
“Who is that person standing before us, revealing a human form black in color, full of bliss, who covers even the happiness of brahman which appears spontaneously after the five types of suffering have been destroyed?”
2.1.189
Sourceयस्य प्रभा प्रभवतो जगद्-अण्ड-कोटि- कोटिष्व् अशेष-वसुधादि विभूति-भिन्नम् । तद् ब्रह्म निष्कलम् अनन्तम् अशेष-भूतं गोविन्दम् आदि-पुरुषं तम् अहं भजामि
yasya prabhā prabhavato jagad-aṇḍa-koṭi- koṭiṣv aśeṣa-vasudhādi vibhūti-bhinnam | tad brahma niṣkalam anantam aśeṣa-bhūtaṃ govindam ādi-puruṣaṃ tam ahaṃ bhajāmi
English translation
Another example from Brahma- saṃhitā [5.40]: “I worship Govinda , the primeval Lord, whose effulgence is the source of the nondifferentiated Brahman mentioned in the Upaniṣads , being differentiated from the infinity of glories of the mundane universe appears as the indivisible, infinite, limitless, truth.”
2.1.190
Sourceअतः श्री-वैष्णवैः सर्व-श्रुति-स्मृति-निदर्शनैः । तद् ब्रह्म श्री-भगवतो विभूतिर् इति कीर्त्यते
ataḥ śrī-vaiṣṇavaiḥ sarva-śruti-smṛti-nidarśanaiḥ | tad brahma śrī-bhagavato vibhūtir iti kīrtyate
English translation
“Thus the Śrī Vaiṣṇavas who have taken into account all the statements of śruti and smṛti , say that this brahman is the vibhūti of Bhagavān .”
2.1.192
Source(५५) सर्व-सिद्धि-निषेवितः-- स्व-वशाखिल-सिद्धिः स्यात् सर्व-सिद्धि-निषेवितः
(55) sarva-siddhi-niṣevitaḥ-- sva-vaśākhila-siddhiḥ syāt sarva-siddhi-niṣevitaḥ
English translation
Thus it is stated in the Yāmunācārya- stotra [14]: “O Bhagavān ! The universe, and within the universe all the elements starting with earth, with coverings each ten times thicker than the previous one, the three guṇas , the totality of jīvas, prakṛtī , Vaikuṇṭha and brahman are all Your vibhūtis .”
(55) sarva - siddhi -niṣevitaḥ — sva-vaśākhila- siddhiḥ syāt sarva-siddhi-niṣevitaḥ ||2.1.192||
(55) sarva-siddhi-niṣevitaḥ : served by all siddhis — “He who controls all mystic powers is called served by all siddhis. ”
2.1.194
Source(५६) अथ अविचिन्त्य-महा-शक्तिः-- दिव्य-सर्गादि-कर्तृत्वं ब्रह्म-रुद्रादि-मोहनम् । भक्त-प्रारब्ध-विध्वंस इत्य् आद्य् अचिन्त्य-शक्तिता
(56) atha avicintya-mahā-śaktiḥ-- divya-sargādi-kartṛtvaṃ brahma-rudrādi-mohanam | bhakta-prārabdha-vidhvaṃsa ity ādy acintya-śaktitā
English translation
(56) atha avicintya-mahā-śaktiḥ: possessor of inconceivable power — “He who has an extraordinary role in creating and destroying the universes, who can bewilder Brahmā and Śiva and who has the power to destroy the prārabdha-karmas of the devotee, is called the possessor of great, inconceivable powers.”
2.1.195
Sourceआसीच् छाया-द्वितीयः प्रथमम् अथ विभुर् वत्स-डिम्भादि-देहान् अंशेनांशेन चक्रे तद् अनु बहु-चतुर्-बाहुतां तेषु तेने । वृत्तस् तत्त्वादि-वीतैर् अथ कम् अलभवैः स्तूयमानो ऽखिलात्मा तावद् ब्रह्माण्ड-सेव्यः स्फुटम् अजनि ततो यः प्रपद्ये तम् ईशम्
āsīc chāyā-dvitīyaḥ prathamam atha vibhur vatsa-ḍimbhādi-dehān aṃśenāṃśena cakre tad anu bahu-catur-bāhutāṃ teṣu tene | vṛttas tattvādi-vītair atha kam alabhavaiḥ stūyamāno 'khilātmā tāvad brahmāṇḍa-sevyaḥ sphuṭam ajani tato yaḥ prapadye tam īśam
English translation
An example of His extraordinary role in creating and destroying the universes:
“I surrender to that Lord, the soul of all, who first was alone, then produced forms of the calves and boys by a part of a part of Himself, then spread Himself in those forms as four-handed forms of Viṣṇu , and then was surrounded by Brahmās and others along with the elements, and was praised and served by all the jīvas in the universe. ”
2.1.196
Sourceमोहितः शिशु-कृतौ पितामहो हन्त शम्भुर् अपि जृम्भितो रणे । येन कंस-रिपुणाद्य तत्-पुरः के महेन्द्र विबुधा भवद्-विधाः
mohitaḥ śiśu-kṛtau pitāmaho hanta śambhur api jṛmbhito raṇe | yena kaṃsa-ripuṇādya tat-puraḥ ke mahendra vibudhā bhavad-vidhāḥ
English translation
An example of His extraordinary ability to bewilder Brahmā , Śiva and others is illustrated as follows: “Brahmā was bewildered by Kṛṣṇa , the enemy of Kaṃsa when he stole the boys and calves. In battle with Kṛṣṇa, Śiva was put to sleep. O Indra , compared with Kṛṣṇa, who are you devatās now?”
2.1.197
Sourceभक्त-प्रारब्ध-विध्वंसो, यथा श्री-दशमे (१०.४५.४५)-- गुरु-पुत्रम् इहानीतं निज-कर्म-निबन्धनम् । आनयस्व महाराज मच्-छासन-पुरस्कृतः
bhakta-prārabdha-vidhvaṃso, yathā śrī-daśame (10.45.45)-- guru-putram ihānītaṃ nija-karma-nibandhanam | ānayasva mahārāja mac-chāsana-puraskṛtaḥ
English translation
An example of destroying the prārabdha-karmas of the devotee is discussed in the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.45.45]: The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: “Suffering the bondage of his past activity, My spiritual master's son was brought here to you. O great King, obey My command and bring this boy to Me without delay. He has been purified by My edict.”
2.1.199
Source(५७) कोटि-ब्रह्माण्ड-विग्रहः-- अगण्य-जगद्-अण्डाढ्यः कोटि-ब्रह्माण्ड-विग्रहः । इति श्री-विग्रहस्यास्य विभुत्वम् अनुकीर्तितम्
(57) koṭi-brahmāṇḍa-vigrahaḥ-- agaṇya-jagad-aṇḍāḍhyaḥ koṭi-brahmāṇḍa-vigrahaḥ | iti śrī-vigrahasyāsya vibhutvam anukīrtitam
English translation
“He whose form contains unlimited universes is called ‘having a form of ten million universes’. In this way the greatness of His form is glorified.”
2.1.200
Sourceक्वाहं तमो-महद्-अहं-ख-चराग्नि-वार्-भू- संवेष्टिताण्ड-घट-सप्त-वितस्ति-कायः । क्वेदृग्-विधाविगणिताण्ड-पराणु-चर्या- वाताध्व-रोम-विवरस्य च ते महित्वम्
kvāhaṃ tamo-mahad-ahaṃ-kha-carāgni-vār-bhū- saṃveṣṭitāṇḍa-ghaṭa-sapta-vitasti-kāyaḥ | kvedṛg-vidhāvigaṇitāṇḍa-parāṇu-caryā- vātādhva-roma-vivarasya ca te mahitvam
English translation
An example from Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.14.11]: “What am I, a small creature measuring seven spans of my own hand? I am enclosed in a potlike universe composed of material nature, the total material energy, false ego, ether, air, water and earth. And what is Your glory? Unlimited universes pass through the pores of Your body just as particles of dust pass through the openings of a screened window.”
2.1.202
Source(५८) अवतारावली-बीजम् अवतारावली-बीजम् अवतारी निगद्यते
(58) avatārāvalī-bījam avatārāvalī-bījam avatārī nigadyate
English translation
(58) avatārāvalī-bījam: the seed of all avatāras — “He who is the source of all the avatāras is called the seed of all avatāras .”
2.1.204
Source(५९) हतारि-गति-दायकः-- मुक्ति-दाता हतारीणां हतारि-गति-दायकः
(59) hatāri-gati-dāyakaḥ-- mukti-dātā hatārīṇāṃ hatāri-gati-dāyakaḥ
English translation
(59) hatāri-gati-dāyakaḥ: giver of liberation to those He kills — “He who gives liberation to those He kills is called giver of the goal to those He kills.”
2.1.205
Sourceपराभवं फेनिल-वक्त्रतां च बन्धं च भीतिं च मृतिं च कृत्वा । पवर्ग-दातापि शिखण्ड-मौले त्वं शात्रवाणाम् अपवर्गदो ऽसि
parābhavaṃ phenila-vaktratāṃ ca bandhaṃ ca bhītiṃ ca mṛtiṃ ca kṛtvā | pavarga-dātāpi śikhaṇḍa-maule tvaṃ śātravāṇām apavargado 'si
English translation
“O topmost jewel! Though You give the pavargas of defeat ( pa ), foaming mouth ( pha ), bondage ( ba ), fear ( bha ) and death ( ma ) to Your enemies, You give them the opposite, apavarga or liberation as well.”
2.1.207
Source(६०) आत्माराम-गणाकर्षी-- आत्माराम-गणाकर्षीत्य् एतद् व्यक्तार्थम् एव हि
(60) ātmārāma-gaṇākarṣī-- ātmārāma-gaṇākarṣīty etad vyaktārtham eva hi
English translation
(60) ātmārāma-gaṇākarṣī: He who attracts the ātmārāmas — “He who attracts the ātmārāmas is self-explanatory.”
2.1.208
Sourceयथा-- पूर्ण-परमहंसं मां माधव लीला-महौषधिर् घ्राता । कृत्वा बत सारङ्गं व्यधित कथं सारसे तृषितम्
yathā-- pūrṇa-paramahaṃsaṃ māṃ mādhava līlā-mahauṣadhir ghrātā | kṛtvā bata sāraṅgaṃ vyadhita kathaṃ sārase tṛṣitam
English translation
“O Mādhava ! Though I am a pure paramahaṃsa without desires, by smelling the fragrance of the great herbs of Your pastimes, I have been transformed into a devotee and am thirsty for the rasa of bhakti .”
2.1.209
Sourceयथा बृहद्-वामने-- सन्ति यद्यपि मे प्राज्या लीलास् तास् ता मनोहराः । न हि जाने स्मृते रासे मनो मे कीदृशं भवेत्
yathā bṛhad-vāmane-- santi yadyapi me prājyā līlās tās tā manoharāḥ | na hi jāne smṛte rāse mano me kīdṛśaṃ bhavet
English translation
“Now the four extraordinary qualities of Kṛṣṇa are illustrated: the sweetness of Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes, from Bṛhad- vāmana Purāṇa : “Though all of My pastimes are very attractive and profound, when I remember My rāsa-līlā , I cannot explain what happens to My mind.”
2.1.211
Sourceअटति यद् भवान् अह्नि काननं त्रुटिर् युगायते त्वाम् अपश्यताम् । कुटिल-कुन्तलं श्री-मुखं च ते जड उदीक्षितां पक्ष्म-कृत् दृशाम्
aṭati yad bhavān ahni kānanaṃ truṭir yugāyate tvām apaśyatām | kuṭila-kuntalaṃ śrī-mukhaṃ ca te jaḍa udīkṣitāṃ pakṣma-kṛt dṛśām
English translation
(62) premṇā priyādhikyam: Kṛṣṇa is surrounded by devotees with intense prema. An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.31.15]: “When You go off to the forest during the day, a tiny fraction of a second becomes like a millennium for us because we cannot see You. And even when we can eagerly look upon Your beautiful face, so lovely with its adornment of curly locks, our pleasure is hindered by our eyelids, which were fashioned by the foolish creator.”
2.1.213
Sourceसवनशस् तद्-उपधार्य सुरेशाः शक्र-शर्व-परमेष्ठि-पुरोगाः । कवय आनत-कन्धर-चित्ताः कश्मलं ययुर् अनिश्चित-तत्त्वाः
savanaśas tad-upadhārya sureśāḥ śakra-śarva-parameṣṭhi-purogāḥ | kavaya ānata-kandhara-cittāḥ kaśmalaṃ yayur aniścita-tattvāḥ
English translation
(63) veṇu-mādhuryam: the sweetness of Kṛṣṇa ’s flute . An example from the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.35.14-15]: “O pious mother Yaśodā , your son, who is expert in all the arts of herding cows, has invented many new styles of flute-playing. When He takes His flute
to His bimba -red lips and sends forth the tones of the harmonic scale in variegated melodies, Brahmā, Śiva , Indra and other chief demigods become confused upon hearing the sound. Although they are the most learned authorities, they cannot ascertain the essence of that music, and thus they bow down their heads and hearts.”
2.1.215
Sourceयन् मर्त्य-लीलौपयिकं स्व-योग- माया-बलं दर्शयता गृहीतम् । विस्मापनं स्वस्य च सौभगर्द्धेः परं पदं भूषण-भूषणाङ्गम्
yan martya-līlaupayikaṃ sva-yoga- māyā-balaṃ darśayatā gṛhītam | vismāpanaṃ svasya ca saubhagarddheḥ paraṃ padaṃ bhūṣaṇa-bhūṣaṇāṅgam
English translation
(64) rūpa-mādhuryaṃ: the sweetness of His form. An example from the Third Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [3.2.12]: “The Lord appeared in the mortal world by His internal potency, yoga- māyā . He came in His eternal form, which is just suitable for His pastimes. This form is wonderful for even for the Lord Himself in His form as the Lord of Vaikuṇṭha , because He is the highest perfection of beauty, enhancing the beauty of all ornaments.”
2.1.216
Sourceका स्त्र्य् अङ्ग ते कल-पदायत-मूर्च्छितेन संमोहिताऽर्यपदवीं न चलेत् त्रिलोक्याम् । त्रैलोक्य-सौभगम् इदं च निरीक्ष्य रूपं यद् गो-द्विज-द्रुम-मृगान् पुलकान्य् अबिभ्रत्
kā stry aṅga te kala-padāyata-mūrcchitena saṃmohitā'ryapadavīṃ na calet trilokyām | trailokya-saubhagam idaṃ ca nirīkṣya rūpaṃ yad go-dvija-druma-mṛgān pulakāny abibhrat
English translation
Another example, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.29.40]: “Dear Kṛṣṇa , what woman in all the three worlds wouldn't deviate from religious behavior when bewildered by the sweet, drawn-out melody of Your flute ? Your beauty makes all three worlds auspicious. Indeed, even the cows, birds, trees and deer manifest the ecstatic symptom of bodily hair standing on end when they see Your beautiful form.”
2.1.217
Sourceअपरिकलित-पूर्वः कश् चमत्कार-कारी स्फुरति मम गरीयान् एष माधुर्य-पूरः । अयम् अहम् अपि हन्त प्रेक्ष्य यं लुब्ध-चेताः सरभसम् उपभोक्तुं कामये राधिकेव
aparikalita-pūrvaḥ kaś camatkāra-kārī sphurati mama garīyān eṣa mādhurya-pūraḥ | ayam aham api hanta prekṣya yaṃ lubdha-cetāḥ sarabhasam upabhoktuṃ kāmaye rādhikeva
English translation
Another example, from Lalita- mādhava : “What is this great abundance of unprecedented astonishing sweetness that has appeared? Gazing upon it, I become greedy to possess it. I desire to enjoy it with zeal like Rādhā .”
2.1.218
Sourceसमस्त-विविधाश्चर्य-कल्याण-गुण-वारिधेः । गुणानाम् इह कृष्णस्य दिङ्-मात्रम् उपदर्शितम्
samasta-vividhāścarya-kalyāṇa-guṇa-vāridheḥ | guṇānām iha kṛṣṇasya diṅ-mātram upadarśitam
English translation
“Only a small portion of the qualities of Kṛṣṇa , who is an ocean of the multitude of astonishing auspicious qualities, has been shown here.”
2.1.219
Sourceगुणात्मनस् ते ऽपि गुणान् विमातुं हितावतीर्णस्य क ईशिरे ऽस्य । कालेन यैर् वा विमिताः सुकल्पैर् भू-पांशवः खे मिहिका द्युभासः
guṇātmanas te 'pi guṇān vimātuṃ hitāvatīrṇasya ka īśire 'sya | kālena yair vā vimitāḥ sukalpair bhū-pāṃśavaḥ khe mihikā dyubhāsaḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.14.7]: “In time, learned philosophers or scientists might be able to count all the atoms of the earth, the particles of snow, or perhaps even the shining molecules radiating from the sun, the stars and other luminaries. But among these learned men, who could possibly count the unlimited transcendental
qualities possessed by You, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who have descended onto the surface of the earth for the benefit of all living entities?”
2.1.220
Sourceनित्य-गुणो वनमाली, यद् अपि शिखामणिर् अशेष-नेतॄणाम् । भक्तापेक्षिकम् अस्य, त्रिविधत्वं लिख्यते तद् अपि
nitya-guṇo vanamālī, yad api śikhāmaṇir aśeṣa-netṝṇām | bhaktāpekṣikam asya, trividhatvaṃ likhyate tad api
English translation
“Even though Kṛṣṇa is the topmost jewel among unlimited heroes endowed with eternal qualities, He is described as having three forms, that manifest according to the type of devotion of the worshiper.”
2.1.221
Sourceहरिः पूर्णतमः पूर्णतरः पूर्ण इति त्रिधा । श्रेष्ठ-मध्यादिभिः शब्दैर् नाट्ये यः परिपठ्यते
hariḥ pūrṇatamaḥ pūrṇataraḥ pūrṇa iti tridhā | śreṣṭha-madhyādibhiḥ śabdair nāṭye yaḥ paripaṭhyate
English translation
“The Lord takes three forms described as most perfect, more perfect and perfect. These are described in nāṭya - śāstra as best, medium and inferior.”
2.1.222
Sourceप्रकाशिताखिल-गुणः स्मृतः पूर्णतमो बुधैः । असर्व-व्यञ्जकः पूर्णतरः पूर्णो ऽल्प-दर्शकः
prakāśitākhila-guṇaḥ smṛtaḥ pūrṇatamo budhaiḥ | asarva-vyañjakaḥ pūrṇataraḥ pūrṇo 'lpa-darśakaḥ
English translation
“When Kṛṣṇa manifests all qualities, He is described by the intelligent as most perfect. Manifesting the qualities incompletely, He is called more perfect and manifesting even less qualities, He is call perfect.”
2.1.223
Sourceकृष्णस्य पूर्णतमता व्यक्ताभूद् गोकुलान्तरे । पूर्णता पूर्णतरता द्वारका-मथुरादिषु
kṛṣṇasya pūrṇatamatā vyaktābhūd gokulāntare | pūrṇatā pūrṇataratā dvārakā-mathurādiṣu
English translation
“ Kṛṣṇa appears as most perfect in Gokula . In Mathurā , Dvāraka and other places, He appears as more perfect and perfect.”
2.1.224
Sourceस पुनश् चतुर्विधः स्याद् धीरोदात्तश् च धीर-ललितश् च । धीर-प्रशान्त-नामा तथैव धीरोद्धतः कथितः
sa punaś caturvidhaḥ syād dhīrodāttaś ca dhīra-lalitaś ca | dhīra-praśānta-nāmā tathaiva dhīroddhataḥ kathitaḥ
English translation
“ Kṛṣṇa is also classed into four types: dhīrodātta, dhīra- lalita , dhīra- praśānta and dhīroddhata ”
2.1.225
Sourceबहुविध-गुण-क्रियाणाम् आस्पद-भूतस्य पद्मनाभस्य । तत्-तल्-लीला-भेदाद् विरुध्यते न हि चतुर्-विधाः
bahuvidha-guṇa-kriyāṇām āspada-bhūtasya padmanābhasya | tat-tal-līlā-bhedād virudhyate na hi catur-vidhāḥ
English translation
“Classifying Kṛṣṇa into four different types is not a contradiction, because of the respective differences in the pastimes of the Lord, who is the abode of many different types of qualities and activities.”
2.1.226
Sourceतत्र धीरोदात्तः-- गम्भीरो विनयी क्षन्ता करुणः सुदृढ-व्रतः । अकत्थनो गूढ-गर्वो धीरोदात्तः सु-सत्त्व-भृत्
tatra dhīrodāttaḥ-- gambhīro vinayī kṣantā karuṇaḥ sudṛḍha-vrataḥ | akatthano gūḍha-garvo dhīrodāttaḥ su-sattva-bhṛt
English translation
Regarding dhīrodātta: elevated — “The person who is inscrutable, modest, tolerant, merciful, determined in vows, who obscures others’ pride, is not boastful and is strong, is called dhīrodātta. ”
2.1.227
Sourceवीरं-मन्य-मद-प्रहारि-हसितं धौरेयम् आर्तोद्धृतौ निर्व्यूढ-व्रतम् उन्नत-क्षिति-धरोद्धारेण धीराकृतिम् । मय्य् उच्चैः कृत-किल्बिषे ऽपि मधुरं स्तुत्या मुहुर् यन्त्रितं प्रेक्ष्य त्वां मम दुर्वितर्क्य-हृदयं धीर् गीश् च न स्पन्दते
vīraṃ-manya-mada-prahāri-hasitaṃ dhaureyam ārtoddhṛtau nirvyūḍha-vratam unnata-kṣiti-dharoddhāreṇa dhīrākṛtim | mayy uccaiḥ kṛta-kilbiṣe 'pi madhuraṃ stutyā muhur yantritaṃ prekṣya tvāṃ mama durvitarkya-hṛdayaṃ dhīr gīś ca na spandate
English translation
An example: “Your smile steals the pride of those who think they are brave. You are eager to deliver those in a suffering condition. You are true to Your promises. You are firm in holding up the high mountain. You have treated me kindly although I have committed offense. You are brought under control by verses of praise. Seeing You with such an inscrutable heart, my words and intelligence have become inactive.”
2.1.228
Sourceगम्भीरत्वादि-सामान्य-गुणा यद् इह कीर्तिताः । तद् एतेषु तद्-आधिक्य-प्रतिपादन-हेतवे
gambhīratvādi-sāmānya-guṇā yad iha kīrtitāḥ | tad eteṣu tad-ādhikya-pratipādana-hetave
English translation
“All of the qualities in the list of special qualities of Kṛṣṇa should be understood to manifest more prominently in these four types than other qualities, though the other qualities are also present.”
2.1.229
Sourceइदं हि धीरोदात्तत्वं पूर्वैः प्रोक्तं रघूद्वहे । तत्-तद्-भक्तानुसारेण तथा कृष्णे विलोक्यते
idaṃ hi dhīrodāttatvaṃ pūrvaiḥ proktaṃ raghūdvahe | tat-tad-bhaktānusāreṇa tathā kṛṣṇe vilokyate
English translation
“The previous authorities have described dhīrodātta qualities in Rāmacandra . These same qualities are also seen in Kṛṣṇa according to the type of love of His devotees.”
2.1.230
Sourceधीर-ललितः-- विदग्धो नव-तारुण्यः परिहास-विशारदः । निश्चिन्तो धीर-ललितः स्यात् प्रायः प्रेयसी-वशः
dhīra-lalitaḥ-- vidagdho nava-tāruṇyaḥ parihāsa-viśāradaḥ | niścinto dhīra-lalitaḥ syāt prāyaḥ preyasī-vaśaḥ
English translation
“He is called dhīra-lalita who is clever, endowed with fresh youth (end of kaiśora period), skillful at joking and free of worries. He is controlled by His dear devotees.”
2.1.231
Sourceवाचा सूचित-शर्वरी-रति-कला-प्रागल्भ्यया राधिकां व्रीडा-कुञ्चित-लोचनां विरचयन्न् अग्रे सखीनाम् असौ । तद्-वक्षो-रुह-चित्र-केलि-मकरी-पाण्डित्य-पारं गतः कैशोरं सफली-करोति कलयन् कुञ्जे विहारं हरिः
vācā sūcita-śarvarī-rati-kalā-prāgalbhyayā rādhikāṃ vrīḍā-kuñcita-locanāṃ viracayann agre sakhīnām asau | tad-vakṣo-ruha-citra-keli-makarī-pāṇḍitya-pāraṃ gataḥ kaiśoraṃ saphalī-karoti kalayan kuñje vihāraṃ hariḥ
English translation
“ Kṛṣṇa made Rādhā lower Her eyes in shame by boldly describing Their pastimes of the previous night in front of Her friends. Taking that opportunity, He displayed His skill by expertly drawing frolicking makaris on Her breasts. In this way Kṛṣṇa sported in the groves and fulfilled His youthful years.”
2.1.232
Sourceगोविन्दे प्रकटं धीर-ललितत्वं प्रदर्श्यते । उदाहरन्ति नाट्य-ज्ञाः प्रायो ऽत्र मकर-ध्वजम्
govinde prakaṭaṃ dhīra-lalitatvaṃ pradarśyate | udāharanti nāṭya-jñāḥ prāyo 'tra makara-dhvajam
English translation
“The qualities of the dhīra- lalita are clearly revealed in Kṛṣṇa . But the dramatic scholars give the example of Cupid.”
2.1.233
Sourceधीर-शान्तः-- शम-प्रकृतिकः क्लेश-सहनश् च विवेचकः । विनयादि-गुणोपेतो धीर-शान्त उदीर्यते
dhīra-śāntaḥ-- śama-prakṛtikaḥ kleśa-sahanaś ca vivecakaḥ | vinayādi-guṇopeto dhīra-śānta udīryate
English translation
“The learned say that he who is peaceful, tolerates suffering, uses discrimination and possesses qualities like modesty is called dhīra-śānta. ”
2.1.234
Sourceविनय-मधुर-मूर्तिर् मन्थर-स्निग्ध-तारो वचन-पटिम-भङ्गी-सूचिताशेष-नीतिः । अभिदधद् इह धर्मं धर्म-पुत्रोपकण्ठे द्विज-पतिर् इव साक्षात् प्रेक्ष्यते कंस-वैरी
vinaya-madhura-mūrtir manthara-snigdha-tāro vacana-paṭima-bhaṅgī-sūcitāśeṣa-nītiḥ | abhidadhad iha dharmaṃ dharma-putropakaṇṭhe dvija-patir iva sākṣāt prekṣyate kaṃsa-vairī
English translation
“Speaking about dharma before Yudhiṣṭhira , Kṛṣṇa appears like the best of brāhmaṇas , pleasant with modesty. His eyes are moving steadily and are filled with love. He shows unlimited good qualities through His skillful speech.”
2.1.235
Sourceयुधिष्ठिरादिको धीरैर् धीर-शान्तः प्रकीर्तितः
yudhiṣṭhirādiko dhīrair dhīra-śāntaḥ prakīrtitaḥ
English translation
“The learned glorify Yudhiṣṭhira and others as being dhīra-śanta .”
2.1.236
Sourceधीरोद्धतः-- मात्सर्यवान् अहङ्कारी मायावी रोषणश् चलः । विकत्थनश् च विद्वद्भिर् धीरोद्धत उदाहृतः
dhīroddhataḥ-- mātsaryavān ahaṅkārī māyāvī roṣaṇaś calaḥ | vikatthanaś ca vidvadbhir dhīroddhata udāhṛtaḥ
English translation
“The wise call dhīroddhata (haughty) the person who shows envy, pride, anger, fickleness and boastful nature.”
2.1.237
Sourceआः पापिन् यवनेन्द्र दर्दुर पुनर् व्याघुट्य सद्यस् त्वया वासः कुत्रचिद् अन्ध-कूप-कुहर-क्रोडे ऽद्य निर्मीयताम् । हेलोत्तानित-दृष्टि-मात्र-भसित-ब्रह्माण्डाण्डः पुरो जागर्मि त्वद्-उपग्रहाय भुजगः कृष्णो ऽत्र कृष्णाभिधः
āḥ pāpin yavanendra dardura punar vyāghuṭya sadyas tvayā vāsaḥ kutracid andha-kūpa-kuhara-kroḍe 'dya nirmīyatām | helottānita-dṛṣṭi-mātra-bhasita-brahmāṇḍāṇḍaḥ puro jāgarmi tvad-upagrahāya bhujagaḥ kṛṣṇo 'tra kṛṣṇābhidhaḥ
English translation
“O sinner! King of the Yavanas! O frog! Today, being foiled, make your residence in the corner of a dark hole. The black snake called Kṛṣṇa is waiting there alert to catch you. Just by glancing casually upwards, I have turned the vessel of the universe to ashes.”
2.1.238
Sourceधीरोद्धतस् तु विद्वद्भिर् भीमसेनादिर् उच्यते
dhīroddhatas tu vidvadbhir bhīmasenādir ucyate
English translation
“The learned call persons like Bhīma dhīroddhata .”
2.1.239
Sourceमात्सर्याद्याः प्रतीयन्ते दोषत्वेन यद् अप्य् अमी । लीला-विशेष-शालित्वान् निर्दोषे ऽत्रे गुणाः स्मृताः
mātsaryādyāḥ pratīyante doṣatvena yad apy amī | līlā-viśeṣa-śālitvān nirdoṣe 'tre guṇāḥ smṛtāḥ
English translation
“Although qualities like envy mentioned in verse 236 appear to be faults, they should be regarded as good qualities in Kṛṣṇa , because they are befitting certain pastimes.”
2.1.240
Sourceअम्भो-भार-भर-प्रणम्र-जलद-भ्रान्तिं वितन्वन्न् असौ घोराडम्बर-डम्बरः सुविकुटाम् उत्क्षिप्य हस्तार्गलाम् । दुर्वारः पर-वारणः स्वयम् अहं लब्धो ऽस्मि कृष्णः पुरो रे श्रीदाम-कुरङ्गसङ्गर-भुवो भङ्गं त्वम् अङ्गीकुरु
ambho-bhāra-bhara-praṇamra-jalada-bhrāntiṃ vitanvann asau ghorāḍambara-ḍambaraḥ suvikuṭām utkṣipya hastārgalām | durvāraḥ para-vāraṇaḥ svayam ahaṃ labdho 'smi kṛṣṇaḥ puro re śrīdāma-kuraṅgasaṅgara-bhuvo bhaṅgaṃ tvam aṅgīkuru
English translation
Another example: “Making the low-hanging, water-filled clouds disperse, swinging a frightful trunk, with terrifying trumpeting sounds, I the monstrous, irrepressible elephant called Kṛṣṇa , destroyer of opponents, have arrived! Flee from the battlefield, O deer called Śrīdāma!”
2.1.241
Sourceमिथो विरोधिनो ऽप्य् अत्र केचिन् निगदिता गुणाः । हरौ निरङ्कुशैश्वर्यात् को ऽपि न स्याद् असम्भवः
mitho virodhino 'py atra kecin nigaditā guṇāḥ | harau niraṅkuśaiśvaryāt ko 'pi na syād asambhavaḥ
English translation
“Some of the qualities listed above are contradictory. Though contrary, their existence in Kṛṣṇa is not impossible, because of His unrestricted powers.”
2.1.242
Sourceतथा च कौर्मे-- अस्थूलश् चाणुश् चैव स्थूलो ऽणुश् चैव सर्वतः । अवर्णः सर्वतः प्रोक्तः श्यामो रक्तान्त-लोचनः । ऐश्वर्य-योगाद् भगवान् विरुद्धार्थो ऽभिधीयते
tathā ca kaurme-- asthūlaś cāṇuś caiva sthūlo 'ṇuś caiva sarvataḥ | avarṇaḥ sarvataḥ proktaḥ śyāmo raktānta-locanaḥ | aiśvarya-yogād bhagavān viruddhārtho 'bhidhīyate
English translation
This is illustrated in a statement from Kūrma Purāṇa : “The Lord is not gross, nor is He subtle; He is both gross and subtle. He is without color, but is blackish with tinges of red in the corners of His eyes. By His power He possesses contradictory qualities.”
2.1.243
Sourceतथापि दोषाः परमे नैवाहार्याः कथञ्चन । गुणा विरुद्धा अप्य् एते समाहार्याः समन्ततः
tathāpi doṣāḥ parame naivāhāryāḥ kathañcana | guṇā viruddhā apy ete samāhāryāḥ samantataḥ
English translation
“One should never find any fault in the Lord. Though the qualities are contradictory, He can resolve them all completely.”
2.1.245
Sourceपरमानन्द-सन्दोहा ज्ञान-मात्राश् च सर्वतः । सर्वे सर्व-गुणैः पूर्णाः सर्व-दोष-विवर्जिताः
paramānanda-sandohā jñāna-mātrāś ca sarvataḥ | sarve sarva-guṇaiḥ pūrṇāḥ sarva-doṣa-vivarjitāḥ
English translation
This is confirmed in the Mahā - Varāha Purāṇa : “All of the bodies of the Lord are eternal, and appear repeatedly in the material world . They are devoid of increase and decrease. They are never born of matter. All His bodies have the very nature of the highest bliss, are pure knowledge, are full of good qualities, and are devoid of all faults.”
2.1.246
Sourceवैष्णव-तन्त्रे ऽपि-- अष्टादश-महा-दोषै रहिता भगवत्-तनुः । सर्वैश्वर्यमयी सत्य-विज्ञानानन्द-रूपिणी
vaiṣṇava-tantre 'pi-- aṣṭādaśa-mahā-doṣai rahitā bhagavat-tanuḥ | sarvaiśvaryamayī satya-vijñānānanda-rūpiṇī
English translation
It is also confirmed in the Vaiṣṇava- tantra : “The form of the Lord is without the eighteen great faults, is endowed with all powers and is the very essence of existence, knowledge and bliss.”
2.1.248
Sourceअसत्यं क्रोध आकाङ्क्षा आशङ्का विश्व-विभ्रमः । विषमत्वं परापेक्षा दोषा अष्टादशोदिताः
asatyaṃ krodha ākāṅkṣā āśaṅkā viśva-vibhramaḥ | viṣamatvaṃ parāpekṣā doṣā aṣṭādaśoditāḥ
English translation
The eighteen great faults are mentioned in the Viṣṇu- yāmala : “Bewilderment, sleep, error, material attachment without prema , material lust which brings suffering, fickleness, intoxication, envy, violence, exhaustion,
toil, lying, anger, hankering, worry, absorption in worldly affairs, prejudice and dependence on others.”
2.1.249
Sourceइत्थं सर्वावतारेभ्यस् ततो ऽप्य् अत्रावतारिणः । व्रजेन्द्र-नन्दने सुष्ठु माधुर्य-भर ईरितः
itthaṃ sarvāvatārebhyas tato 'py atrāvatāriṇaḥ | vrajendra-nandane suṣṭhu mādhurya-bhara īritaḥ
English translation
“Thus it has been explained that the amount of sweetness in Kṛṣṇa exceeds that of all the avatāras and the source of avatāras , Mahā - viṣṇu .”
2.1.250
Sourceयस्यैक-निश्वसित-कालम् अथावलम्ब्य जीवन्ति लोम-बिलजा जगद्-अण्ड-नाथाः । विष्णुर् महान् स इह यस्य कला-विशेषो गोविन्दम् आदि-पुरुषं तम् अहं भजामि
yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya jīvanti loma-bilajā jagad-aṇḍa-nāthāḥ | viṣṇur mahān sa iha yasya kalā-viśeṣo govindam ādi-puruṣaṃ tam ahaṃ bhajāmi
English translation
This is explained in Brahma- saṃhitā [5.59]: “ Brahmā and other lords of the mundane worlds, appearing from the pores of hair of Mahā - Viṣṇu , remain alive as long as the duration of one exhalation of the latter [Mahā-Viṣṇu]. I adore the primeval Lord Govinda of whose subjective personality Mahā-Viṣṇu is the portion of a portion.”
2.1.252
Sourceशोभा विलासो माधुर्यं माङ्गल्यं स्थैर्य-तेजसी । ललितौदार्यम् इत्य् एते सत्त्व-भेदास् तु पौरुषाः
śobhā vilāso mādhuryaṃ māṅgalyaṃ sthairya-tejasī | lalitaudāryam ity ete sattva-bhedās tu pauruṣāḥ
English translation
“Excellent qualities of the heart, the embodiments of auspiciousness, are glorified as eight: glory, playfulness, sweetness, steadiness, strength, beauty and generosity.”
2.1.253
Sourceतत्र शोभा-- नीचे दयाधिके स्पर्धा शौर्योत्साहौ च दक्षता । सत्यं च व्यक्तिम् आयाति यत्र शोभेति तां विदुः
tatra śobhā-- nīce dayādhike spardhā śauryotsāhau ca dakṣatā | satyaṃ ca vyaktim āyāti yatra śobheti tāṃ viduḥ
English translation
“Among the ornaments of auspiciousness, where there is mercy to subordinates, emulation of superiors, courage, enthusiasm, expertise and truthfulness, it is known as glory [ śobha ]”
2.1.254
Sourceस्वर्ग-ध्वंसं विधित्सुर् व्रज-भुवि कदनं सुष्ठु वीक्ष्यातिवृष्ट्या नीचान् आलोच्य पश्चान् नमुचि-रिपु-मुखानूढ-कारुण्य-वीचिः । अप्रेक्ष्य स्वेन तुल्यं कम् अपि निज-रुषाम् अत्र पर्याप्ति-पात्रं बन्धून् आनन्दयिष्यन्न् उदहरतु हरिः सत्य-सन्धो महाद्रिम्
svarga-dhvaṃsaṃ vidhitsur vraja-bhuvi kadanaṃ suṣṭhu vīkṣyātivṛṣṭyā nīcān ālocya paścān namuci-ripu-mukhānūḍha-kāruṇya-vīciḥ | aprekṣya svena tulyaṃ kam api nija-ruṣām atra paryāpti-pātraṃ bandhūn ānandayiṣyann udaharatu hariḥ satya-sandho mahādrim
English translation
An example: “Seeing the pain caused by Indra ’s rain in Vraja, Kṛṣṇa desired to destroy svarga; but then, considering Indra and the devatās to be inferior, a wave of compassion arose within Him. Seeing no one equal to Himself as a suitable object of anger, He who is firm in truth then lifted Govardhana , with the desire of giving bliss to His friends.”
2.1.255
Sourceविलासः-- वृषभस्येव गम्भीरा गतिर् धीरं च वीक्षणम् । स-स्मितं च वचो यत्र स विलास इतीर्यते
vilāsaḥ-- vṛṣabhasyeva gambhīrā gatir dhīraṃ ca vīkṣaṇam | sa-smitaṃ ca vaco yatra sa vilāsa itīryate
English translation
“Where there is a heavy gait, steady gaze like that of a bull and laughing words, it is called playfulness [ vilāsa ].”
2.1.256
Sourceमल्ल-श्रेण्याम् अविनयवतीं मन्थरां न्यस्य दृष्टिं व्याधुन्वानो द्विप इव भुवं विक्रमाडम्बरेण । वाग्-आरम्भे स्मित-परिमलैः क्षालयन् मञ्च-कक्षां तुङ्गे रङ्ग-स्थल-परिसरे सारसाक्षः ससार
malla-śreṇyām avinayavatīṃ mantharāṃ nyasya dṛṣṭiṃ vyādhunvāno dvipa iva bhuvaṃ vikramāḍambareṇa | vāg-ārambhe smita-parimalaiḥ kṣālayan mañca-kakṣāṃ tuṅge raṅga-sthala-parisare sārasākṣaḥ sasāra
English translation
An example: “Lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa , while gazing steadily and boldly at the wrestlers, shaking the earth like an elephant, proud with victory, His words touched with the fragrance of humor, entered the raised arena while sprinkling water on the stage.”
2.1.257
Sourceमाधुर्यम्-- तन् माधुर्यं भवेद् यत्र चेष्टादेः स्पृहणीयता
mādhuryam-- tan mādhuryaṃ bhaved yatra ceṣṭādeḥ spṛhaṇīyatā
English translation
“When there is an expression of desire through actions it is called sweetness [ mādhuryam ].”
2.1.258
Sourceवराम् अध्यासीनस् तट-भुवम् अवष्टम्भ-रुचिभिः कदम्बैः प्रालम्बं प्रवलित-विलम्बं विरचयन् । प्रपन्नायाम् अग्रे मिहिर-दुहितुस् तीर्थ-पदवीं कुरङ्गी-नेत्रायां मधु-रिपुर् अपाङ्गं विकिरति
varām adhyāsīnas taṭa-bhuvam avaṣṭambha-rucibhiḥ kadambaiḥ prālambaṃ pravalita-vilambaṃ viracayan | prapannāyām agre mihira-duhitus tīrtha-padavīṃ kuraṅgī-netrāyāṃ madhu-ripur apāṅgaṃ vikirati
English translation
“While Kṛṣṇa was sitting on the bank of the Yamunā , tarrying there on the pretext of making a long garland of golden kadamba flowers, Rādhā arrived at a ghat on the river. He threw a glance from the corner of His eye at the doe - eyed Rādhā.”
2.1.259
Sourceमाङ्गल्यम्-- माङ्गल्यं जगताम् एव विश्वासास्पदता मता
māṅgalyam-- māṅgalyaṃ jagatām eva viśvāsāspadatā matā
English translation
“Being the object of faith for the entire world is called having auspiciousness [ māṅgalyam ].”
2.1.260
Sourceअन्याय्यं न हराव् इति व्यपगत-द्वारार्गला दानवा रक्षी कृष्ण इति प्रमत्तम् अभितः क्रीडासु रक्ताः सुराः । साक्षी वेत्ति स भक्तिम् इत्य् अवनत-व्राताश् च चिन्तोज्झिताः के विश्वम्भर न त्वद्-अङ्घ्रि-युगले विश्रम्भितां भेजिरे
anyāyyaṃ na harāv iti vyapagata-dvārārgalā dānavā rakṣī kṛṣṇa iti pramattam abhitaḥ krīḍāsu raktāḥ surāḥ | sākṣī vetti sa bhaktim ity avanata-vrātāś ca cintojjhitāḥ ke viśvambhara na tvad-aṅghri-yugale viśrambhitāṃ bhejire
English translation
An example: “Because there is no sense of injustice in the Lord, even the demons leave their doors open. Because they have faith that Kṛṣṇa is their protector, the devatās indulge in play without worry. Understanding that He is the witness and thus knows their bhakti , those offering obeisances (devotees) have given up anxiety. O supporter of the universe! Who does not have faith in Your lotus feet?”
2.1.261
Sourceस्थैर्यम्-- व्यवसायाद् अचलनं स्थैर्यं विघ्नाकुलाद् अपि
sthairyam-- vyavasāyād acalanaṃ sthairyaṃ vighnākulād api
English translation
“To remain fixed in one’s duties even though they are filled with obstacles is called steadiness [ sthairyam ].”
2.1.262
Sourceयथा-- प्रतिकुले ऽपि स-शूले, शिवे शिवायां निरंशुकायां च । व्यलुनाद् एव मुकुन्दो विन्ध्यावलि-नन्दनस्य भुजान्
yathā-- pratikule 'pi sa-śūle, śive śivāyāṃ niraṃśukāyāṃ ca | vyalunād eva mukundo vindhyāvali-nandanasya bhujān
English translation
“Even though His act was obstructed by Śiva with his trident and Bāṇa ’s mother who had appeared without clothing, Mukunda cut off Bāṇasura’s arms.”
2.1.263
Sourceतेजः-- सर्व-चित्तावगाहित्वं तेजः सद्भिर् उदीर्यते
tejaḥ-- sarva-cittāvagāhitvaṃ tejaḥ sadbhir udīryate
English translation
“The wise say that the ability to enter into the hearts of all others is called influence [ tejas ].”
2.1.264
Sourceमल्लानाम् अशनिर् नॄणां नरवरः स्त्रीणां स्मरो मूर्तिमान् गोपानां स्वजनो ऽसतां क्षितिर्भुजां शास्ता स्व-पित्रोः शिशुः । मृत्युर् भोज-पतेर् विराड् अविदुषां तत्त्वं परं योगिनां वृष्णीनां परदेवतेति विदितो रङ्गः गतः साग्रजः
mallānām aśanir nṝṇāṃ naravaraḥ strīṇāṃ smaro mūrtimān gopānāṃ svajano 'satāṃ kṣitirbhujāṃ śāstā sva-pitroḥ śiśuḥ | mṛtyur bhoja-pater virāḍ aviduṣāṃ tattvaṃ paraṃ yogināṃ vṛṣṇīnāṃ paradevateti vidito raṅgaḥ gataḥ sāgrajaḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.43.17]: “The various groups of people in the arena regarded Kṛṣṇa in different ways when He entered it with His elder brother. The wrestlers saw Kṛṣṇa as a lightning bolt, the men of Mathurā as the best of males, the women as Cupid in person, the cowherd men as their relative, the impious rulers as a chastiser, His parents as their child, the King of the Bhojas as death, the unintelligent as the Supreme Lord's universal form, the yogīs as the Absolute Truth and the Vṛṣṇis as their supreme worshipable Deity.”
2.1.265
Sourceयथा-- तेजो बुधैर् अवज्ञादेर् असहिष्णुत्वम् उच्यते
yathā-- tejo budhair avajñāder asahiṣṇutvam ucyate
English translation
“Another definition of tejas is intolerance of offense (since another meaning of tejas is impatience and fierce opposition).”
2.1.266
Sourceआक्रुष्टे प्रकटं दिदण्डयिषुणा चण्डेन रङ्ग-स्थले नन्दे चानकदुन्दुभौ च पुरतः कंसेन विश्व-द्रुहा । दृष्टिं तत्र सुरारि-मृत्यु-कुलटा-सम्पर्क-दूतीं क्षिपन् मञ्चस्योपरि सञ्चुकुर्दिषुर् असौ पश्याच्युतः प्राञ्चति
ākruṣṭe prakaṭaṃ didaṇḍayiṣuṇā caṇḍena raṅga-sthale nande cānakadundubhau ca purataḥ kaṃsena viśva-druhā | dṛṣṭiṃ tatra surāri-mṛtyu-kulaṭā-samparka-dūtīṃ kṣipan mañcasyopari sañcukurdiṣur asau paśyācyutaḥ prāñcati
English translation
An example: “When the hater of the whole universe, angry Kaṃsa , loudly beckons to Nanda and Vasudeva with the desire to give them punishment, Kṛṣṇa throws a glance like a messenger sent to the unchaste woman called death for the demons, and ascends the arena with a desire to play.”
2.1.267
Sourceललितम्-- शृङ्गार-प्रचुरा चेष्टा यत्र तं ललितं विदुः
lalitam-- śṛṅgāra-pracurā ceṣṭā yatra taṃ lalitaṃ viduḥ
English translation
“Where there are activities of explicit conjugal nature it is known as lalita , voluptuousness.”
2.1.268
Sourceविधत्ते राधायाः कुच-मुकुलयोः केलि-मकरीं करेण व्यग्रात्मा सरभसम् असव्येन रसिकः । अरिष्टे साटोपं कटु रुवति सव्येन विहसन्न् उदञ्चद्-रोमाञ्चं रचयति च कृष्णः परिकरम्
vidhatte rādhāyāḥ kuca-mukulayoḥ keli-makarīṃ kareṇa vyagrātmā sarabhasam asavyena rasikaḥ | ariṣṭe sāṭopaṃ kaṭu ruvati savyena vihasann udañcad-romāñcaṃ racayati ca kṛṣṇaḥ parikaram
English translation
An example: “The King of Rasa , Kṛṣṇa is joyfully drawing makarīs on the bud-like breasts of Rādhā with His right hand using a steady mind. When Ariṣṭāsura roars harshly with pride, Kṛṣṇa, laughing at him while goosebumps rise on His flesh, ties His belt with His left hand.”
2.1.269
Sourceऔदार्यम्-- आत्माद्य्-अर्पण-कारित्वम् औदार्यम् इति कीर्त्यते
audāryam-- ātmādy-arpaṇa-kāritvam audāryam iti kīrtyate
English translation
“Generosity is glorified as the willingness to offer to another person even one’s soul.”
2.1.270
Sourceयथा-- वदान्यः को भवेद् अत्र वदान्यः पुरुषोत्तमात् । अकिञ्चनाय येनात्मा निर्गुणायापि दीयते
yathā-- vadānyaḥ ko bhaved atra vadānyaḥ puruṣottamāt | akiñcanāya yenātmā nirguṇāyāpi dīyate
English translation
“Is there anyone more magnanimous than the Supreme Lord, who offers even His soul to the destitute and nondescript?
2.1.271
Sourceसामान्या नायक-गुणाः स्थिरताद्या यद् अप्य् अमी । तथापि पूर्वतः किञ्चिद् विशेषात् पुनर् ईरिताः
sāmānyā nāyaka-guṇāḥ sthiratādyā yad apy amī | tathāpi pūrvataḥ kiñcid viśeṣāt punar īritāḥ
English translation
“Although these eight qualities were previously discussed, because they are somewhat remarkable, they have again been described in a separate category.”
2.1.272
Sourceअथास्य सहायाः-- अस्य गर्गादयो धर्मे युयुधानादयो युधि । उद्धवाद्यास् तथा मन्त्रे सहायाः परिकीर्तिताः
athāsya sahāyāḥ-- asya gargādayo dharme yuyudhānādayo yudhi | uddhavādyās tathā mantre sahāyāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
English translation
“ Kṛṣṇa ’s assistants: For matters of dharma , the sages such as Garga ; for war, persons such as Sātyaki ; and for advice, persons such as Uddhava are glorified as assistants to the Lord in revealing these qualities.”
2.1.273
Sourceअथ कृष्ण-भक्ताः-- तद्-भाव-भावित-स्वान्ताः कृष्ण-भक्ता इतीरिताः
atha kṛṣṇa-bhaktāḥ-- tad-bhāva-bhāvita-svāntāḥ kṛṣṇa-bhaktā itīritāḥ
English translation
“The devotees of Kṛṣṇa: Those whose hearts are full of attraction to Kṛṣṇa are called the devotees of Kṛṣṇa.”
2.1.274
Sourceयो सत्य-वाक्य इत्य् आद्या ह्रीमान् इत्य् अन्तिमा गुणाः । प्रोक्ताः कृष्णे ऽस्य भक्तेषु ते विज्ञेया मनीषिभिः
yo satya-vākya ity ādyā hrīmān ity antimā guṇāḥ | proktāḥ kṛṣṇe 'sya bhakteṣu te vijñeyā manīṣibhiḥ
English translation
“The learned understand that all the qualities of Kṛṣṇa , from truthfulness [2.1.24] to bashfulness [2.1.27] are also present in Kṛṣṇa’s devotees.”
2.1.275
Sourceते साधकाश् च सिद्धाश् च द्वि-विधाः परिकीर्तिताः
te sādhakāś ca siddhāś ca dvi-vidhāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
English translation
“The devotees are said to be of two types: practitioners ( sādhakas ) and perfected ( siddhas ).”
2.1.276
Sourceतत्र साधकाः-- उत्पन्न-रतयः सम्यङ् नैर्विघ्न्यम् अनुपागताः । कृष्ण-साक्षात्-कृतौ योग्याः साधकाः परिकीर्तिताः
tatra sādhakāḥ-- utpanna-ratayaḥ samyaṅ nairvighnyam anupāgatāḥ | kṛṣṇa-sākṣāt-kṛtau yogyāḥ sādhakāḥ parikīrtitāḥ
English translation
“Practitioners ( sādhakas ) are those who have developed rati for Kṛṣṇa but have not completely extinguished the anarthas , and who are qualified to see Kṛṣṇa directly.”
2.1.277
Sourceयथैकादशे (११.२.४६)-- ईश्वरे तद्-अधीनेषु बालिशेषु द्विषत्सु च । प्रेम-मैत्री-कृपोपेक्षा यः करोति स मध्यमः
yathaikādaśe (11.2.46)-- īśvare tad-adhīneṣu bāliśeṣu dviṣatsu ca | prema-maitrī-kṛpopekṣā yaḥ karoti sa madhyamaḥ
English translation
An example from the Eleventh Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [11.2.46]: “An intermediate or second-class devotee, called madhyama -adhikārī , offers his love to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is a sincere friend to all the devotees of the Lord, shows mercy to ignorant people who are innocent and disregards those who are envious of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”
2.1.278
Sourceसिक्ताप्य् अश्रु-जलोत्करेण भगवद्-वार्ता-नदी-जन्मना तिष्ठत्य् एव भवाग्नि-हेतिर् इति ते धीमन्न् अलं चिन्तया । हृद्-व्योमन्य् अमृत-स्पृहा-हर-कृपा-वृष्टेः स्फुटं लक्ष्यते नेदिष्टः पृथु-रोम-ताण्डव-भरात् कृष्णाम्बुधस्योद्गमः
siktāpy aśru-jalotkareṇa bhagavad-vārtā-nadī-janmanā tiṣṭhaty eva bhavāgni-hetir iti te dhīmann alaṃ cintayā | hṛd-vyomany amṛta-spṛhā-hara-kṛpā-vṛṣṭeḥ sphuṭaṃ lakṣyate nediṣṭaḥ pṛthu-roma-tāṇḍava-bharāt kṛṣṇāmbudhasyodgamaḥ
English translation
Another example: “Do not worry that after you have been drenched in tears arising from the river of the pastimes of the Lord, you will remain in the flame of suffering in the material world . When all the hairs on your limbs dance, then you will see very near, rising in the sky of your heart, the cloud of Kṛṣṇa ’s form, full of the shower of mercy that destroys the desire for liberation.”
2.1.279
Sourceबिल्वमङ्गल-तुल्या ये साधकास् ते प्रकीर्तिताः
bilvamaṅgala-tulyā ye sādhakās te prakīrtitāḥ
English translation
“Those who are similar to Bilvamaṅgala are known as sādhus .”
2.1.280
Sourceअथ सिद्धाः-- अविज्ञाताखिल-क्लेशाः सदा कृष्णाश्रित-क्रियाः । सिद्धाः स्युः सन्तत-प्रेम-सौख्यास्वाद-परायणाः
atha siddhāḥ-- avijñātākhila-kleśāḥ sadā kṛṣṇāśrita-kriyāḥ | siddhāḥ syuḥ santata-prema-saukhyāsvāda-parāyaṇāḥ
English translation
“Those who experience no suffering at all, who perform all actions while taking shelter of Kṛṣṇa , and who always taste the happiness of continuous prema are known as the perfected devotees [ siddhas ].”
2.1.281
Sourceसम्प्राप्त-सिद्धयः सिद्धा नित्य-सिद्धाश् च ते त्रिधा
samprāpta-siddhayaḥ siddhā nitya-siddhāś ca te tridhā
English translation
“There are two types of perfected devotees: those who have attained perfection ( sādhana-siddha ) and those who are eternally perfect ( nitya - siddha ) .”
2.1.282
Sourceतत्र सम्प्राप्त-सिद्धयः-- साधनैः कृपया चास्य द्विधा सम्प्राप्त-सिद्धयः
tatra samprāpta-siddhayaḥ-- sādhanaiḥ kṛpayā cāsya dvidhā samprāpta-siddhayaḥ
English translation
“Those who have attained perfection are of two types: those who have attained perfection by performance of sādhana and those who have attained perfection by mercy.”
2.1.283
Sourceयच् च व्रजन्त्य् अनिमिषाम् ऋषभानुवृत्त्या दूरे यमा ह्य् उपरि नः स्पृहणीय-शीलाः । भर्तुर् मिथः सु-यशसः कथनानुराग- वैक्लव्य-बाष्प-कलया पुलकी-कृताङ्गाः
yac ca vrajanty animiṣām ṛṣabhānuvṛttyā dūre yamā hy upari naḥ spṛhaṇīya-śīlāḥ | bhartur mithaḥ su-yaśasaḥ kathanānurāga- vaiklavya-bāṣpa-kalayā pulakī-kṛtāṅgāḥ
English translation
An example of a sādhana-siddha , from the Third Canto of Śrīmad - Bhāgavatam [3.15.25]: “Persons whose bodily features change in ecstasy and who breathe heavily and perspire due to hearing the glories of the Lord are promoted to the kingdom of God, even though they do not care for meditation and other austerities. The kingdom of God is above the material universes, and it is desired by Brahmā and other demigods.”
2.1.284
Sourceये भक्ति-प्रभविष्णुता-कवलित-क्लेशोर्मयः कुर्वते दृक्-पाते ऽपि घृणां कृत-प्रणतिषु प्रायेण मोक्षादिषु । तान् प्रेम-प्रसरोत्सव-स्तवकित-स्वान्तान् प्रमोदाश्रुभिर् निर्धौतास्य-तटान् मुहुः पुलकिनो धन्यान् नमस्कुर्महे
ye bhakti-prabhaviṣṇutā-kavalita-kleśormayaḥ kurvate dṛk-pāte 'pi ghṛṇāṃ kṛta-praṇatiṣu prāyeṇa mokṣādiṣu | tān prema-prasarotsava-stavakita-svāntān pramodāśrubhir nirdhautāsya-taṭān muhuḥ pulakino dhanyān namaskurmahe
English translation
Another example: “I offer respects to the great devotees who have destroyed all suffering by the power of bhakti , who hate to glance upon the four objects [ dharma , artha , kāma and mokṣa ] although they offer respects to the devotees, whose hearts are full of the bliss of strong prema , whose faces are washed with tears of bliss and whose limbs are covered with goosebumps.”
2.1.285
Sourceमार्कण्डेयादयः प्रोक्ताः साधनैः प्राप्त-सिद्धयः
mārkaṇḍeyādayaḥ proktāḥ sādhanaiḥ prāpta-siddhayaḥ
English translation
“It is said that Mārkaṇḍeya and other sages attained perfection by sādhana .”
2.1.287
Sourceअथापि ह्य् उत्तमःश्लोके कृष्णे योगेश्वरेश्वरे । भक्तिर् दृढा न चास्माकं संस्कारादिमताम् अपि
athāpi hy uttamaḥśloke kṛṣṇe yogeśvareśvare | bhaktir dṛḍhā na cāsmākaṃ saṃskārādimatām api
English translation
An example of attaining perfection by mercy, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.23.43-44]:
“These women have never undergone the purificatory rites of the twice-born classes, nor have they lived as brahmacārīs in the āśrama of a spiritual master, nor have they executed austerities, speculated on the nature of the self, followed the formalities of cleanliness or engaged in pious rituals. Nevertheless, they have firm devotion for Lord Kṛṣṇa , whose glories are chanted by the exalted hymns of the Vedas and who is the supreme master of all masters of mystic power. We, on the other hand, have no such devotion for the Lord, although we have executed all these processes.”
2.1.288
Sourceन काचिद् अभवद् गुरोर् भजन-यन्त्रणे ऽभिज्ञता न साधन-विधौ च ते श्रम-लवस्य गन्धो ऽप्य् अभूत् । गतो ऽसि चरितार्थतां परमहंस-मृग्य-श्रिया मुकुन्द-पद-पद्मयोः प्रणय-सीधुनो धारया
na kācid abhavad guror bhajana-yantraṇe 'bhijñatā na sādhana-vidhau ca te śrama-lavasya gandho 'py abhūt | gato 'si caritārthatāṃ paramahaṃsa-mṛgya-śriyā mukunda-pada-padmayoḥ praṇaya-sīdhuno dhārayā
English translation
Another example: “You are not known to have suffered pains in the service of the guru , and you have trace of exerting even a drop of labor in following the rules of sādhana . But you have succeeded in attaining the river of nectar of prema coming from the two lotus feet of Mukunda , which are the wealth sought by the paramahaṃsas .”
2.1.289
Sourceकृपा-सिद्धा यज्ञ-पत्नी-वैरोचनि-शुकादयः
kṛpā-siddhā yajña-patnī-vairocani-śukādayaḥ
English translation
“Those who have attained perfection by mercy are Śukadeva , the wives of the brāḥmaṇas and Bali , the son of Virocana .”
2.1.290
Sourceअथ नित्य-सिद्धाः-- आत्म-कोटि-गुणं कृष्णे प्रेमाणं परमं गताः । नित्यानन्द-गुणाः सर्वे नित्य-सिद्धा मुकुन्दवत्
atha nitya-siddhāḥ-- ātma-koṭi-guṇaṃ kṛṣṇe premāṇaṃ paramaṃ gatāḥ | nityānanda-guṇāḥ sarve nitya-siddhā mukundavat
English translation
“Those whose very body and qualities are bliss like Mukunda ’s, and who possess the highest prema for Kṛṣṇa , which is ten million times greater than the attachment for the self are called eternally perfect ( nitya- siddha ).”
2.1.292
Sourceएते हि यादवाः सर्वे मद्-गणा एव भामिनि । सर्वदा मत्-प्रिया देवि मत्-तुल्य-गुण-शालिनः
ete hi yādavāḥ sarve mad-gaṇā eva bhāmini | sarvadā mat-priyā devi mat-tulya-guṇa-śālinaḥ
English translation
An example from the discussion between Satyabhāmā and the Lord, from the Padma Purāṇa : “O beautiful Satyabhāmā! I have come because of the prayers of Brahmā and the devatās , and My associates all have taken birth with Me. The Yādavas that you see are all My associates and are full of all qualities like Mine. They always hold Me alone as dear.”
2.1.293
Sourceतथा च श्री-दशमे (१०.१४.३२)-- अहो भाग्यम् अहो भाग्यं नन्द-गोप-व्रजौकसाम् । यन्-मित्रं परमानन्दं पूर्णं ब्रह्म सनातनम्
tathā ca śrī-daśame (10.14.32)-- aho bhāgyam aho bhāgyaṃ nanda-gopa-vrajaukasām | yan-mitraṃ paramānandaṃ pūrṇaṃ brahma sanātanam
English translation
Another example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.14.32]: “How greatly fortunate are Nanda Mahārāja , the cowherd men and all the other inhabitants of Vrajabhūmi ! There is no limit to their good fortune, because the Absolute Truth, the source of transcendental bliss, the eternal Supreme Brahman , has become their friend.”
2.1.294
Sourceतत्रैव (१०.२६.१३)-- दुस्त्यजश् चानुरागो ऽस्मिन् सर्वेषां नो व्रजौकसाम् । नन्द ते तनये ऽस्मासु तस्याप्य् औत्पत्तिकः कथम्
tatraiva (10.26.13)-- dustyajaś cānurāgo 'smin sarveṣāṃ no vrajaukasām | nanda te tanaye 'smāsu tasyāpy autpattikaḥ katham
English translation
Also from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.26.13]: “Dear Nanda , how is it that we and all the other residents of Vraja cannot give up our constant affection for your son? And how is it that He is so spontaneously attracted to us?”
2.1.295
Sourceसनातनं मित्रम् इति तस्याप्य् औत्पत्तिकः कथम् । स्नेहो ऽस्मास्व् इति चैतेषां नित्य-प्रेष्ठत्वम् आगतम्
sanātanaṃ mitram iti tasyāpy autpattikaḥ katham | sneho 'smāsv iti caiteṣāṃ nitya-preṣṭhatvam āgatam
English translation
“One can understand that the inhabitants of Vraja are eternal associates of the Lord by the worlds ‘eternal friend’ in verse 293 and ‘how is it that He is so spontaneously attracted to us?’ in verse 294.”
2.1.296
Sourceइत्य् अतः कथिता नित्य-प्रिया यादव-वल्लवाः । एषां लौकिकवच्-चेष्टा लीला मुर-रिपोर् इव
ity ataḥ kathitā nitya-priyā yādava-vallavāḥ | eṣāṃ laukikavac-ceṣṭā līlā mura-ripor iva
English translation
“Thus for this reason, the Yādavas known as the cowherd people are said to be eternal associates of the Lord. As with the Lord’s actions, their actions also appear worldly, although everything about them is purely spiritual.”
2.1.298
Sourceपुनस् तेनैव गच्छन्ति तत्-पदं शाश्वतं परम् । न कर्म-बन्धनं जन्म वैष्णवानां च विद्यते
punas tenaiva gacchanti tat-padaṃ śāśvataṃ param | na karma-bandhanaṃ janma vaiṣṇavānāṃ ca vidyate
English translation
Also, from the Uttara - khaṇḍa of the Padma Purāṇa :
“Just as Lakṣmaṇa , Bharata and Saṅkarṣana take birth with the Lord, the Yādava cowherd people, descending from their spiritual planet by the Lord’s will, take birth with the appearance of Lord Kṛṣṇa , and then return to His eternal dhāma along with Him. The birth of these devotees is not caused by bondage to karma .”
2.1.299
Sourceये प्रोक्ताः पञ्च-पञ्चाशत् क्रमात् कंसरिपोर् गुणाः । ते चान्ये चापि सिद्धेषु सिद्धिदत्वादयो मताः
ye proktāḥ pañca-pañcāśat kramāt kaṃsaripor guṇāḥ | te cānye cāpi siddheṣu siddhidatvādayo matāḥ
English translation
“The first fifty-five of the qualities denoting Kṛṣṇa , as well as qualities such as the ability to give yoga siddhis , are also present in the perfected devotees.”
2.1.300
Sourceभक्तास् तु कीर्तिताः शान्तास् तथा दास-सुतादयः । सखायो गुरु-वर्गाश् च प्रेयस्यश् चेति पञ्चधा
bhaktās tu kīrtitāḥ śāntās tathā dāsa-sutādayaḥ | sakhāyo guru-vargāś ca preyasyaś ceti pañcadhā
English translation
“There are five types of devotees of Kṛṣṇa : those in sānta- rasa , the servants and sons, the friends, the elders and the lovers.”
2.1.302
Sourceस्मिताङ्ग-सौरभे वंश-शृङ्ग-नूपुर-कम्बवः । पदाङ्क-क्षेत्र-तुलसी-भक्त-तद्-वासरादयः
smitāṅga-saurabhe vaṃśa-śṛṅga-nūpura-kambavaḥ | padāṅka-kṣetra-tulasī-bhakta-tad-vāsarādayaḥ
English translation
“Things that nourish the bhāva of the practitioner are called uddīpanas or stimuli. These are things such as Kṛṣṇa ’s qualities, pastimes, decorations, His smile, the fragrance of His body, His flute , horn anklets, conch, footprints, His dhāma , tulasī , devotees and festival days such as Janmāṣṭamī and Ekādaśī.”
2.1.303
Sourceतत्र गुणाः-- गुणास् तु त्रिविधाः प्रोक्ताः काय-वाङ्-मानसाश्रयाः
tatra guṇāḥ-- guṇās tu trividhāḥ proktāḥ kāya-vāṅ-mānasāśrayāḥ
English translation
“Qualities are of three types: bodily, mental and verbal.”
2.1.304
Sourceतत्र कायिकाः-- वयः-सौन्दर्य-रूपाणि कायिकामृदुतादयः
tatra kāyikāḥ-- vayaḥ-saundarya-rūpāṇi kāyikāmṛdutādayaḥ
English translation
“Bodily qualities are age, beauty, His forms and things like softness of body.”
2.1.305
Sourceगुणाः स्वरूपम् एवास्य कायिकाद्या यदप्य् अमी । भेदं स्वीकृत्य वर्ण्यन्ते तथाप्य् उद्दीपना इति
guṇāḥ svarūpam evāsya kāyikādyā yadapy amī | bhedaṃ svīkṛtya varṇyante tathāpy uddīpanā iti
English translation
“Though these bodily qualities are included in Kṛṣṇa ’s svarūpa , accepting them as separate from the svarūpa , they are called uddīpanas .”
2.1.306
Sourceअतस् तस्य स्वरूपस्य स्याद् आलम्बनतैव हि । उद्दीपनत्वम् एव स्याद् भूषणादेस् तु केवलम्
atas tasya svarūpasya syād ālambanataiva hi | uddīpanatvam eva syād bhūṣaṇādes tu kevalam
English translation
“The form of Kṛṣṇa is the ālambana . His ornaments, age and other items act as uddīpana .”
2.1.307
Sourceएषाम् आलम्बनत्वं च तथोद्दीपनतापि च
eṣām ālambanatvaṃ ca tathoddīpanatāpi ca
English translation
“His qualities, however act as both ālambana and uddīpana .”
2.1.308
Sourceतत्र वयः-- वयः कौमार-पौगण्ड-कैशोरम् इति तत् त्रिधा
tatra vayaḥ-- vayaḥ kaumāra-paugaṇḍa-kaiśoram iti tat tridhā
English translation
“ Kṛṣṇa has three ages: childhood ( kumāra ), boyhood ( paugaṇḍa ) and youth ( kiśora ).”
2.1.309
Sourceकौमारं पञ्चमाब्दान्तं पौगण्डं दशमावधि । आ-षोडशाच् च कैशोरं यौवनं स्यात् ततः परम्
kaumāraṃ pañcamābdāntaṃ paugaṇḍaṃ daśamāvadhi | ā-ṣoḍaśāc ca kaiśoraṃ yauvanaṃ syāt tataḥ param
English translation
“Childhood ends with the fifth year; boyhood ends with the tenth year; youth ends with the sixteenth year. After that is manhood ( yauvana ).”
2.1.311
Sourceश्रैष्ठ्यम् उज्ज्वल एवास्य कैशोरस्य तथाप्य् अदः । प्रायः सर्व-रसौचित्याद् अत्रोदाह्रियते क्रमात्
śraiṣṭhyam ujjvala evāsya kaiśorasya tathāpy adaḥ | prāyaḥ sarva-rasaucityād atrodāhriyate kramāt
English translation
“Considering the suitability for pastimes, the childhood age is most fit for vātsala or parental rasa , and boyhood is most fit for sakhya -rasa . You is most excellent for madhura -rasa. The majority of examples given in this section are from youth ( kaiśora ), since it is suitable for all rasas .”
2.1.312
Sourceआद्यं मध्यं तथा शेषं कैशोरं त्रिविधं भवेत्
ādyaṃ madhyaṃ tathā śeṣaṃ kaiśoraṃ trividhaṃ bhavet
English translation
“Youth ( kaiśora ) has three divisions: beginning, middle and end.”
2.1.313
Sourceतत्र आद्यम्-- वर्णस्योज्ज्वलता कापि नेत्रान्ते चारुण-च्छविः । रोमावलि-प्रकटता कैशोरे प्रथमे सति
tatra ādyam-- varṇasyojjvalatā kāpi netrānte cāruṇa-cchaviḥ | romāvali-prakaṭatā kaiśore prathame sati
English translation
“At the beginning of the kaiśora age, Kṛṣṇa ’s complexion becomes indescribably effulgent, the edges of His eyes become reddish and fine hairs appear on His body.”
2.1.314
Sourceहरति शितिमा को ऽप्य् अङ्गानां महेन्द्र-मणि-श्रियं प्रविशति दृशोर् अन्ते कान्तिर् मनाग् इव लोहिनी । सखि तनु- रुहां राजिः सूक्ष्मा दरास्य विरोहते स्फुरति सुषमा नव्येदानीं तनौ वन-मालिनः
harati śitimā ko 'py aṅgānāṃ mahendra-maṇi-śriyaṃ praviśati dṛśor ante kāntir manāg iva lohinī | sakhi tanu- ruhāṃ rājiḥ sūkṣmā darāsya virohate sphurati suṣamā navyedānīṃ tanau vana-mālinaḥ
English translation
An example: “O my friend! Now the body of Kṛṣṇa has taken on a fresh beauty. All His limbs steal the splendor of the dark blue sapphire. A reddish hue has entered the corners of His eyes, and a few very fine hairs have sprung up on His body.”
2.1.315
Sourceवैजयन्ती-शिखण्डादि-नट-प्रवर-वेशता । वंशी-मधुरिमा वस्त्र-शोभा चात्र परिच्छदः
vaijayantī-śikhaṇḍādi-naṭa-pravara-veśatā | vaṃśī-madhurimā vastra-śobhā cātra paricchadaḥ
English translation
“His typical accoutrement during this period is the Vaijayantī garland, peacock feather, the costume of a dancer, the sweetness of His flute playing, and the luster of His dress.”
2.1.316
Sourceबर्हापीडं नट-वर-वपुः कर्णयोः कर्णिकारं बिभ्रद्-वासः कनक-कपिशं वैजयन्तीं च मालाम् । रन्ध्रान् वेणोर् अधर-सुधया पूरयन् गोप-वृन्दैर् वृन्दारण्यं स्व-पद-रमणं प्राविशद् गीत-कीर्तिः
barhāpīḍaṃ naṭa-vara-vapuḥ karṇayoḥ karṇikāraṃ bibhrad-vāsaḥ kanaka-kapiśaṃ vaijayantīṃ ca mālām | randhrān veṇor adhara-sudhayā pūrayan gopa-vṛndair vṛndāraṇyaṃ sva-pada-ramaṇaṃ prāviśad gīta-kīrtiḥ
English translation
An example from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.21.5]: “Wearing a peacock-feather ornament upon His head, blue karṇikāra flowers on His ears, a yellow garment as brilliant as gold, and the Vaijayantī garland, Lord Kṛṣṇa exhibited His transcendental form as the greatest of dancers as He entered the forest of Vṛndāvana , beautifying it with the marks of His footprints. He filled the holes of His flute with the nectar of His lips, and the cowherd boys sang His glories.”
2.1.317
Sourceखरतात्र नखाग्राणां धनुर् आन्दोलिता भ्रुवोः । रदानां रञ्जनं राग-चूर्णैर् इत्य् आदि चेष्टितम्
kharatātra nakhāgrāṇāṃ dhanur āndolitā bhruvoḥ | radānāṃ rañjanaṃ rāga-cūrṇair ity ādi ceṣṭitam
English translation
“At the beginning of youth, the activities consist of sharpening His nails, quivering of His bow-like eyebrows, and staining the teeth with dyes.”
2.1.318
Sourceनवं धनुर् इवातनोर् नटद्-अघ-द्विषोर् भ्रू-युगं शरालिर् इव शाणिता नखर-राजिर् अग्रे खरा । विराजति शरीरिणी रुचिर-दन्त-लेखारुणा न का सखि समीक्षणाद् युवतिर् अस्य वित्रस्यति
navaṃ dhanur ivātanor naṭad-agha-dviṣor bhrū-yugaṃ śarālir iva śāṇitā nakhara-rājir agre kharā | virājati śarīriṇī rucira-danta-lekhāruṇā na kā sakhi samīkṣaṇād yuvatir asya vitrasyati
English translation
An example: “The two eyebrows of the enemy of Agha are dancing like new bows of Cupid. The tips of His rows of fingernails are so sharp that they shine like a line of arrows. The glistening rows of His attractive teeth embody the redness of dawn. What young woman would not be afraid of seeing Him?”
2.1.319
Sourceकर्तुं मुग्धाः स्वयम् अचटुना न क्षमन्ते ऽभियोगं न व्यादातुं क्वचिद् अपि जने वक्त्रम् अप्य् उत्सहन्ते । दृष्ट्वा तास् ते नव-मधुरिम-स्मेरतां माधवार्ताः स्व-प्राणेभ्यस् त्रयम् उदसृजन्न् अद्य तोयाञ्जलीनाम्
kartuṃ mugdhāḥ svayam acaṭunā na kṣamante 'bhiyogaṃ na vyādātuṃ kvacid api jane vaktram apy utsahante | dṛṣṭvā tās te nava-madhurima-smeratāṃ mādhavārtāḥ sva-prāṇebhyas trayam udasṛjann adya toyāñjalīnām
English translation
The attractiveness of the first part of youth: “O Mādhava ! Gazing upon the new sweetness of Your smile, the bewildered, immobilized gopīs are not able to reveal spontaneously the sentiments in their minds. And they are not able to confide in any person. What more can be said? They are so pained that today they have offered three handfuls of water to their life airs.”
2.1.320
Sourceअथ मध्यमम्-- ऊरु-द्वयस्य बाह्वोश् च कापि श्रीर् उरसस् तथा । मूर्तेर् माधुरिमाद्यं च कैशोरे सति मध्यमे
atha madhyamam-- ūru-dvayasya bāhvoś ca kāpi śrīr urasas tathā | mūrter mādhurimādyaṃ ca kaiśore sati madhyame
English translation
“During the middle of His kaiśora period, Kṛṣṇa displays indescribable beauty in His two thighs, His two arms and His chest, and sweetness in His whole form.”
2.1.321
Sourceस्पृहयति करि-शुण्डा-दण्डनायोरु-युग्मं गरुड-मणि-कवाटी-सख्यम् इच्छत्य् उरश् च । भुज-युगम् अपि धित्सत्य् अर्गलावर्ग-निन्दाम् अभिनव-तरुणिम्नः प्रक्रमे केशवस्य
spṛhayati kari-śuṇḍā-daṇḍanāyoru-yugmaṃ garuḍa-maṇi-kavāṭī-sakhyam icchaty uraś ca | bhuja-yugam api dhitsaty argalāvarga-nindām abhinava-taruṇimnaḥ prakrame keśavasya
English translation
An example: “In the course of Kṛṣṇa ’s fresh youth, His thighs desired to punish the trunks of elephants, His chest desired to make friends with door panels made of sapphire, and His arms scolded door bolts.”
2.1.322
Sourceमुखं स्मित-विलासाढ्यं विभ्रमोत्तरले दृशौ । त्रि-जगन्-मोहनं गीतम् इत्य् आदिर् इह माधुरी
mukhaṃ smita-vilāsāḍhyaṃ vibhramottarale dṛśau | tri-jagan-mohanaṃ gītam ity ādir iha mādhurī
English translation
“The sweetness of His middle youth consists of His face brilliant with soft smile, His eyes restless with flirtation, and His singing which enchants the three words.”
2.1.323
Sourceअनङ्ग-नय-चातुरी-परिचयोत्तरङ्गे दृशौ मुखाम्बुजम् उदञ्चित-स्मित-विलास-रम्याधरम् । अचञ्चल-कुलाङ्गना-व्रत-विडम्बि-सङ्गीतकं हरेस् तरुणिमाङ्कुरे स्फुरति माधुरी काप्य् अभूत्
anaṅga-naya-cāturī-paricayottaraṅge dṛśau mukhāmbujam udañcita-smita-vilāsa-ramyādharam | acañcala-kulāṅganā-vrata-viḍambi-saṅgītakaṃ hares taruṇimāṅkure sphurati mādhurī kāpy abhūt
English translation
An example: “What sweetness became visible at the sprouting of Hari ’s youth! His two restless eyes made friendship with the crafty conduct of Cupid. His lotus face became most radiant with attractive lips embellished with smiles. His singing made even the chaste women break their marriage vows.”
2.1.324
Sourceवैदग्धी-सार-विस्तारः कुञ्ज-केलि-महोत्सवः । आरम्भो रास-लीलादेर् इह चेष्टादि-सौष्ठवम्
vaidagdhī-sāra-vistāraḥ kuñja-keli-mahotsavaḥ | ārambho rāsa-līlāder iha ceṣṭādi-sauṣṭhavam
English translation
“The excellence of His behavior during the middle of His youth consists of a profuse concentration of charming but cunning actions, a great festival of pastimes in the groves and the beginning of the rāsa dance.”
2.1.325
Sourceव्यक्तालक्त-पदैः क्वचित् परिलुठत्-पिञ्छावतंसैः क्वचित् तल्पैर् विच्युत-काञ्चिभिः क्वचिद् असौ व्याकीर्ण-कुञ्जोत्करा । प्रोद्यन्-मण्डल-बन्ध-ताण्डव-घटालक्ष्मोल्लसत्-सैकता गोविन्दस्य विलास-वृन्दम् अधिकं वृन्दाटवी शंसति
vyaktālakta-padaiḥ kvacit pariluṭhat-piñchāvataṃsaiḥ kvacit talpair vicyuta-kāñcibhiḥ kvacid asau vyākīrṇa-kuñjotkarā | prodyan-maṇḍala-bandha-tāṇḍava-ghaṭālakṣmollasat-saikatā govindasya vilāsa-vṛndam adhikaṃ vṛndāṭavī śaṃsati
English translation
An example: “In some places, by His clearly visible lac-stained footprints, in other places by the peacock feathers plundered from His headdress, in other places by beds strewn with discarded belts, by a multitude of disheveled groves and sand glowing with the evident marks of dancing in a circle—Vṛndāvan announces the manifold pastimes of Govinda .”
2.1.326
Sourceविदूरान् माराग्निं हृदय-रवि-कान्ते प्रकटयन्न् उदस्यन् धर्मेन्दुं विदधद् अभितो राग-पटलम् । कथं हा नस् त्राणं सखि मुकुलयन् बोध-कुमुदं तरस्वी कृष्णाब्भ्रे मधुरिम-भरार्को ऽभ्युदयते
vidūrān mārāgniṃ hṛdaya-ravi-kānte prakaṭayann udasyan dharmenduṃ vidadhad abhito rāga-paṭalam | kathaṃ hā nas trāṇaṃ sakhi mukulayan bodha-kumudaṃ tarasvī kṛṣṇābbhre madhurima-bharārko 'bhyudayate
English translation
The attractiveness of the middle period of Kṛṣṇa ’s youth: “O friend! Has an energetic sun full of sweetness arisen in the black sky called Kṛṣṇa? From a distance He has ignited the fire of passion in the sūryakānta jewel of my heart and produced a mass of red clouds in every
direction. He had made the moon of dharma set, and transformed the blooming night lotus of discrimination into a mere bud. How can we be delivered from this condition?”
2.1.327
Sourceअथ शेषम्-- पूर्वतो ऽप्य् अधिकोत्कर्षं बाढम् अङ्गानि बिभ्रति । त्रि-वलि-व्यक्तिर् इत्य् आद्यं कैशोरे चरमे सति
atha śeṣam-- pūrvato 'py adhikotkarṣaṃ bāḍham aṅgāni bibhrati | tri-vali-vyaktir ity ādyaṃ kaiśore carame sati
English translation
“When the final period of youth ( kaiśora ) begins, all His limbs become more alluring than previously, with three lines clearly visible on His navel, etc.”
2.1.328
Sourceमरकत-गिरेर् गण्ड-ग्राव-प्रभा-हर-रक्षसं शत-मख-मणि-स्तम्भारम्भ-प्रमाथि-भुज-द्वयम् । तनु-तरणिजा-वीचि-च्छाया-विडम्बि-बलि-त्रयं मदन-कदली-साधिष्ठोरुं स्मराम्य् असुरान्तकम्
marakata-girer gaṇḍa-grāva-prabhā-hara-rakṣasaṃ śata-makha-maṇi-stambhārambha-pramāthi-bhuja-dvayam | tanu-taraṇijā-vīci-cchāyā-viḍambi-bali-trayaṃ madana-kadalī-sādhiṣṭhoruṃ smarāmy asurāntakam
English translation
An example: “I am remembering the killer of demons, Kṛṣṇa , whose chest steals the radiance of a boulder from the sapphire mountain, whose two arms agitate the pride of sapphire pillars, whose three folds of skin on His abdomen shame the beauty of the Yamunā ’s delicate waves, and whose excellent thighs surpass the trunks of banana trees.”
2.1.329
Sourceदशार्ध-शर-माधुरी-दमन-दक्षयाङ्ग-श्रिया विधूनित-वधू-धृतिं वरकला-विलासास्पदम् । दृग्-अञ्चल-चमत्कृति-क्षपित-खञ्जरीट-द्युतिं स्फुरत्-तरुणिमोद्गमं तरुणि पश्य पीताम्बरम्
daśārdha-śara-mādhurī-damana-dakṣayāṅga-śriyā vidhūnita-vadhū-dhṛtiṃ varakalā-vilāsāspadam | dṛg-añcala-camatkṛti-kṣapita-khañjarīṭa-dyutiṃ sphurat-taruṇimodgamaṃ taruṇi paśya pītāmbaram
English translation
The sweetness of the last period of youth: “O young lady! Behold that person wearing yellow cloth, who is radiating the beauty of fresh youth. With His bodily beauty, capable of defeating the five arrows of Cupid, He makes the women lose all composure. He is the playground of the sixty-four arts, and the astonishing beauty of the tips of His eyes crushes the splendor of the wagtail.”
2.1.330
Sourceइदम् एव हरेः प्राज्ञैर् नव-यौवनम् उच्यते
idam eva hareḥ prājñair nava-yauvanam ucyate
English translation
“This last part of youth is called new youth ( nava -yauvana ) by the wise.”
2.1.331
Sourceअत्र गोकुल-देवीनां भाव-सर्वस्व-शालिता । अभूत-पूर्व-कन्दर्प-तन्त्र-लीलोत्सवादयः
atra gokula-devīnāṃ bhāva-sarvasva-śālitā | abhūta-pūrva-kandarpa-tantra-līlotsavādayaḥ
English translation
“The end of youth is characterized by the manifestation of bliss from the most amazing pastimes of conjugal love never before enacted, in which the girls of Vraja are filled with the sum total of love.”
2.1.332
Sourceकान्ताभिः कलहायते क्वचिद् अयं कन्दर्प-लेखान् क्वचित् कीरैर् अर्पयति क्वचिद् वितनुते क्रीडाभिसारोद्यमम् । सख्या भेदयति क्वचित् स्मर-कला-षाड्गुण्यवान् ईहते सन्धिं क्वाप्य् अनुशास्ति कुञ्ज-नृपतिः शृङ्गार-राज्योत्तमम्
kāntābhiḥ kalahāyate kvacid ayaṃ kandarpa-lekhān kvacit kīrair arpayati kvacid vitanute krīḍābhisārodyamam | sakhyā bhedayati kvacit smara-kalā-ṣāḍguṇyavān īhate sandhiṃ kvāpy anuśāsti kuñja-nṛpatiḥ śṛṅgāra-rājyottamam
English translation
An example: “The king of the groves, equipped with the six elements necessary for the arts of Cupid, rules the excellent kingdom of romantic love. In one place He picks a quarrel with His beloved women. In another place He dispatches love letters along with parrots. In another place He becomes eager to meet for pastimes. In another place, He resolves differences using a go-between, and in another place, He unites with a gopī .”
2.1.333
Sourceकर्णाकर्णि सखी-जनेन विजने दूती-स्तुति-प्रक्रिया पत्युर् वञ्चन-चातुरी गुणनिका कुञ्ज-प्रयाणे निशि* । वाधिर्यं गुरु-वाचि वेणु-विरुताव् उत्कर्णतेति व्रतान् कैशोरेण तवाद्य कृष्ण गुरुणा गौरी-गणः पठ्यते
karṇākarṇi sakhī-janena vijane dūtī-stuti-prakriyā patyur vañcana-cāturī guṇanikā kuñja-prayāṇe niśi* | vādhiryaṃ guru-vāci veṇu-virutāv utkarṇateti vratān kaiśoreṇa tavādya kṛṣṇa guruṇā gaurī-gaṇaḥ paṭhyate
English translation
An example of attractiveness of the late kaiśora period: “O Kṛṣṇa , today Your age of youth, in the role of a guru , is teaching the golden gopīs the art of whispering in each others’ ears, the method for making verses of praise for messengers when alone, cleverness in cheating husbands, praactice in sneaking to the forest at night, deafness to the words of the elders, and rapt hearing of the flute sound.”
2.1.334
Sourceनेतुः स्वरूपम् एवोक्तं कैशोरम् इह यद्यपि । नानाकृति-प्रकटनात् तथाप्य् उद्दीपनं मतम्
netuḥ svarūpam evoktaṃ kaiśoram iha yadyapi | nānākṛti-prakaṭanāt tathāpy uddīpanaṃ matam
English translation
“Even though the age of youth is said to be the svarūpa of the protagonist ( ālambana ), it is also considered to be the stimulus ( uddīpana ) because of appearing as one among many forms of age.”
2.1.335
Sourceबाल्ये ऽपि नव-तारुण्य-प्राकट्यं क्वचित् । तन् नातिरस-वाहित्वान् न रसज्ञैर् उदाहृतम्
bālye 'pi nava-tāruṇya-prākaṭyaṃ kvacit | tan nātirasa-vāhitvān na rasajñair udāhṛtam
English translation
“Sometimes it is heard that new youthfulness appears in Kṛṣṇa even as a small child, but since that does not nourish rasa , it is not mentioned by those knowledgeable in rasa .”
2.1.336
Sourceअथ सौन्दर्यम्-- भवेत् सौन्दर्यम् अङ्गानां सन्निवेशो यथोचितम्
atha saundaryam-- bhavet saundaryam aṅgānāṃ sanniveśo yathocitam
English translation
“Arrangement of the limbs in the most suitable manner is called beauty.”
2.1.337
Sourceमुखं ते दीर्घाक्षं मरकत-तटी-पीवरम् उरो भुज-द्वन्द्वं स्तम्भ-द्युति-सुवलितं पार्श्व-युगलम् । परिक्षीणो मध्यः प्रथिम-लहरी-हारि जघनं न कस्याः कंसारे हरति हृदयं पङ्कज-दृशः
mukhaṃ te dīrghākṣaṃ marakata-taṭī-pīvaram uro bhuja-dvandvaṃ stambha-dyuti-suvalitaṃ pārśva-yugalam | parikṣīṇo madhyaḥ prathima-laharī-hāri jaghanaṃ na kasyāḥ kaṃsāre harati hṛdayaṃ paṅkaja-dṛśaḥ
English translation
“O Kṛṣṇa ! Your face with long eyes, Your broad chest like an emerald riverbank, Your two arms like pillars, Your graceful sides, narrow waist, and hips attractive with ever-increasing waves of sweetness—which hearts of the lotus-eyed gopīs will not be stolen by these features?”
2.1.338
Sourceअथ रूपम्-- विभूषणं विभूष्यं स्याद् येन तद् रूपम् उच्यते
atha rūpam-- vibhūṣaṇaṃ vibhūṣyaṃ syād yena tad rūpam ucyate
English translation
“Excellent form is said to be that by which ornaments become worthy of being ornaments.”
2.1.339
Sourceकृष्णस्य मण्डन-ततिर् मणि-कुण्डलाद्या नीताङ्ग-सङ्गतिम् अलङ्कृतये वराङ्गि । शक्ता बभूव न मनाग् अपि तद्-विधाने सा प्रत्युत स्वयम् अनल्पम् अलङ्कृतासीत्
kṛṣṇasya maṇḍana-tatir maṇi-kuṇḍalādyā nītāṅga-saṅgatim alaṅkṛtaye varāṅgi | śaktā babhūva na manāg api tad-vidhāne sā pratyuta svayam analpam alaṅkṛtāsīt
English translation
“O beautiful woman! The jeweled earrings and other ornaments contacting His body cannot at all function as ornaments to enhance His beauty. Rather, those ornaments become decorated by His body, and thus have increased their beauty.”
2.1.340
Sourceअथ मृदुता-- मृदुता कोमलस्यापि संस्पर्शासहतोच्यते
atha mṛdutā-- mṛdutā komalasyāpi saṃsparśāsahatocyate
English translation
“Tenderness means being so soft that even touching what is soft becomes intolerable.”
2.1.341
Sourceयथा-- अहह नवाम्बुद-कान्तेर् अमुष्य सुकुमारता कुमारस्य । अपि नव-पल्लव-सङ्गाद् अङ्गान्य् अपरज्य शीर्यन्ति
yathā-- ahaha navāmbuda-kānter amuṣya sukumāratā kumārasya | api nava-pallava-saṅgād aṅgāny aparajya śīryanti
English translation
“Ah! So tender is the body of this young boy with the complexion of a new cloud that by touching new shoots, His limbs become bruised and torn.”
2.1.342
Sourceये नायक-प्रकरणे वाचिका मानसास् तथा । गुणाः प्रोक्तान्त एवात्र ज्ञेया उद्दीपना बुधः
ye nāyaka-prakaraṇe vācikā mānasās tathā | guṇāḥ proktānta evātra jñeyā uddīpanā budhaḥ
English translation
“The intelligent understand that all verbal and mental qualities that have been mentioned already in this section describing the protagonist are the uddīpanas .”
2.1.343
Sourceचेष्टा-- चेष्टा रासादि-लीलाः स्युस् तथा दुष्ट-वधादयः
ceṣṭā-- ceṣṭā rāsādi-līlāḥ syus tathā duṣṭa-vadhādayaḥ
English translation
“The rāsa- līlā , killing of the demons and other pastimes are called activities [ ceṣṭā ].”
2.1.344
Sourceनृत्यद्-गोप-नितम्बिनी-कृत-परीरम्भस्य रम्भादिभिर् गीर्वाणीभिर् अनङ्ग-रङ्ग-विवशं सन्दृश्यमान-श्रियः । क्रीडा-ताण्डव-पण्डितस्य परितः श्री-पुण्डरीकाक्ष ते रासारम्भ-रसार्थिनो मधुरिमा चेतांसि नः कर्षति
nṛtyad-gopa-nitambinī-kṛta-parīrambhasya rambhādibhir gīrvāṇībhir anaṅga-raṅga-vivaśaṃ sandṛśyamāna-śriyaḥ | krīḍā-tāṇḍava-paṇḍitasya paritaḥ śrī-puṇḍarīkākṣa te rāsārambha-rasārthino madhurimā cetāṃsi naḥ karṣati
English translation
“O lotus-eyed Lord! You, an expert dancer, longing for the pleasure of the rāsa- līlā to begin, were embraced on all sides by the gracefully-hipped, dancing gopīs . Rambhā and other heavenly damsels, smitten by Cupid’s play, beheld Your beauty at that time. The sweetness exhibited at that time is dragging away our hearts.”
2.1.345
Sourceशम्भुर् वृषं नयति मन्दर-कन्दरान्तर् म्लानः सलीलम् अपि यत्र शिरो धुनाने । आः कौतुकं कलय केलि-लवाद् अरिष्टं तं दुष्ट-पुङ्गवम् असौ हरिर् उन्ममाथ
śambhur vṛṣaṃ nayati mandara-kandarāntar mlānaḥ salīlam api yatra śiro dhunāne | āḥ kautukaṃ kalaya keli-lavād ariṣṭaṃ taṃ duṣṭa-puṅgavam asau harir unmamātha
English translation
Killing demons, from Lalita- mādhava : “When Ariṣṭāsura shakes his head in jest, Śiva pales and departs for a cave in the Mandara Mountain with his bull. Ah! See the fun! Kṛṣṇa so casually killed that wicked bull demon.”
2.1.346
Sourceअथ प्रसाधनम्-- कथितं वसनाकल्प-मण्डनाद्यं प्रसाधनम्
atha prasādhanam-- kathitaṃ vasanākalpa-maṇḍanādyaṃ prasādhanam
English translation
“Vestment refers to clothing, ornaments, decorations and other similar things.”
2.1.347
Sourceतत्र वसनम्-- नवार्क-रश्मि-काश्मीर-हरितालादि-सन्निभम् । युगं चतुष्कं भूयिष्ठं वसनं त्रि-विधं हरेः
tatra vasanam-- navārka-raśmi-kāśmīra-haritālādi-sannibham | yugaṃ catuṣkaṃ bhūyiṣṭhaṃ vasanaṃ tri-vidhaṃ hareḥ
English translation
“The Lord has three types of clothing: two-piece outfit, four-piece dress, and multi-piece dress in orange, red, yellow and other colors.”
2.1.348
Sourceतत्र युगम्-- परिधानं स-संव्यानं युग-रूपम् उदीरितम्
tatra yugam-- paridhānaṃ sa-saṃvyānaṃ yuga-rūpam udīritam
English translation
“Two-piece dress refers to a lower cloth wrapped around the waist and an upper shawl.”
2.1.349
Sourceकनक-निवह-शोभानन्दि पीतं नितम्बे तद्-उपरि नवरक्तं वस्त्रम् इत्थं दधानः । प्रियम् इव किल वर्णं राग-युक्तं प्रियायाः प्रणयतु मम नेत्राभीष्ट-पूर्तिं मुकुन्दः
kanaka-nivaha-śobhānandi pītaṃ nitambe tad-upari navaraktaṃ vastram itthaṃ dadhānaḥ | priyam iva kila varṇaṃ rāga-yuktaṃ priyāyāḥ praṇayatu mama netrābhīṣṭa-pūrtiṃ mukundaḥ
English translation
An example from the Mukundāstaka of Stavāvalī: “May Mukunda , wearing on His hips a yellow dhoti that derides the glory of a pile of gold, with reddish upper cloth, tinged with the passion for His beloved, satisfy the desire of my eyes.”
2.1.350
Sourceचतुष्कम्-- चतुष्कं कञ्चुकोष्णीष-तुन्द-बन्धान्तरीयकम्
catuṣkam-- catuṣkaṃ kañcukoṣṇīṣa-tunda-bandhāntarīyakam
English translation
“The four-piece outfit refers to shirt, turban, sash and lower garment.”
2.1.351
Sourceस्मेरास्यः परिहित-पाटलाम्बर-श्रीश् छन्नाङ्गः पुरट-रुचोरु-कञ्चकेन । उष्णीषं दधद् अरुणं धटीं च चित्राः कंसारिर् वहति महोत्सवे मुदं नः
smerāsyaḥ parihita-pāṭalāmbara-śrīś channāṅgaḥ puraṭa-rucoru-kañcakena | uṣṇīṣaṃ dadhad aruṇaṃ dhaṭīṃ ca citrāḥ kaṃsārir vahati mahotsave mudaṃ naḥ
English translation
“The enemy of Kaṃsa , smiling in great joy, and wearing a pink dhoti , orange turban, an excellent vest of shining gold and multi-color sash, creates joy in us.”
2.1.352
Sourceभूयिष्ठम्-- खण्डिताखण्डितं भूरि नट-वेश-क्रियोचितम् । अनेक-वर्णं वसनं भूयिष्ठं कथितं बुधैः
bhūyiṣṭham-- khaṇḍitākhaṇḍitaṃ bhūri naṭa-veśa-kriyocitam | aneka-varṇaṃ vasanaṃ bhūyiṣṭhaṃ kathitaṃ budhaiḥ
English translation
“The wise say that the multi-piece outfit consists of many pieces of cloth, cut and uncut, of many colors, suitable for performing artists.”
2.1.353
Sourceअखण्डित-विखण्डितैः सित-पिशङ्ग-नीलारुणैः पटैः कृत-यथोचित-प्रकट-सन्निवेशोज्ज्वलः । अयं करभ-राट्-प्रभः प्रचुर-रङ्ग-शृङ्गारितः करोति करभोरु मे घन-रुचिर् मुदं माधवः
akhaṇḍita-vikhaṇḍitaiḥ sita-piśaṅga-nīlāruṇaiḥ paṭaiḥ kṛta-yathocita-prakaṭa-sanniveśojjvalaḥ | ayaṃ karabha-rāṭ-prabhaḥ pracura-raṅga-śṛṅgāritaḥ karoti karabhoru me ghana-rucir mudaṃ mādhavaḥ
English translation
“O slender thighed-woman! Mādhava , the color of the rain cloud, effulgent like a young elephant king, bedecked for a multitude of pastimes, effulgent with a stylish creation of cut and uncut cloth in white, gold, blue and red colors, is giving me bliss.”
2.1.354
Sourceअथ आकल्पः-- केश-बन्धनम् आलेपो माला-चित्र-विशेषकः । ताम्बूल-केलि-पद्मादिर् आकल्पः परिकीर्तितः
atha ākalpaḥ-- keśa-bandhanam ālepo mālā-citra-viśeṣakaḥ | tāmbūla-keli-padmādir ākalpaḥ parikīrtitaḥ
English translation
“Hair styles, applied cosmetics , garlands, body tilaka , tilaka on the forehead, betel -nut preparations and imitation lotuses are called accessories.”
2.1.355
Sourceस्याज् जूटः कवरी चूडा वेणी च कच-बन्धनम् । पाण्डुरः कर्बुरः पीत इत्य् आलेपस् त्रिधा मतः
syāj jūṭaḥ kavarī cūḍā veṇī ca kaca-bandhanam | pāṇḍuraḥ karburaḥ pīta ity ālepas tridhā mataḥ
English translation
“Tying the hair consists of tying the hair at the back of the neck, binding flowers in the hair, binding the hair in a topknot and braiding the hair. The cosmetics are white, multicolor and yellow.”
2.1.356
Sourceमाला त्रिधा वैजयन्ती रत्न-माला वन-स्रजः । अस्या वैकक्षकापीड-प्रालम्बाद्या भिदा मताः
mālā tridhā vaijayantī ratna-mālā vana-srajaḥ | asyā vaikakṣakāpīḍa-prālambādyā bhidā matāḥ
English translation
“There are three types of garland: vaijayantī , jewel garland and forest garland. They may also extend over the serve as a chaplet around the topknot, or hang down from the neck.”
2.1.357
Sourceमकरी-पत्र-भङ्गाढ्यं चित्रं पीत-सितारुणम् । तथा विशेषको ऽपि स्याद् अन्यद् ऊह्यं स्वयं बुधैः
makarī-patra-bhaṅgāḍhyaṃ citraṃ pīta-sitāruṇam | tathā viśeṣako 'pi syād anyad ūhyaṃ svayaṃ budhaiḥ
English translation
“The body tilaka ( citram ) is yellow, white and reddish, filled with pictures of makarīs . The forehead tilaka ( viśeṣakha ) is also yellow, white or red. Intelligent persons also modify these into other colors spontaneously.”
2.1.358
Sourceताम्बूल-स्फुरद्-आननेन्दुर् अमलं धंमिल्लम् उल्लासयन् भक्ति-च्छेद-लसत्-सुघृष्ट-घुसृणालेप-श्रिया पेशलः । तुङ्गोरः-स्थल-पिङ्गल-स्रग् अलिक-भ्राजिष्णु-पत्राङ्गुलिः श्यामाङ्ग-द्युतिर् अद्य मे सखि दृशोर् दुग्धे मुदं माधवः
tāmbūla-sphurad-ānanendur amalaṃ dhaṃmillam ullāsayan bhakti-ccheda-lasat-sughṛṣṭa-ghusṛṇālepa-śriyā peśalaḥ | tuṅgoraḥ-sthala-piṅgala-srag alika-bhrājiṣṇu-patrāṅguliḥ śyāmāṅga-dyutir adya me sakhi dṛśor dugdhe mudaṃ mādhavaḥ
English translation
“O friend! The moon of His face shines with betel nut and a faultless hairstyle. A yellow garland rests on His raised chest. He wears radiant tilaka on His forehead, and His body becomes charming with the wealth of designs made of finely ground saffron ointment. Today the dark-bodied, attractive Mādhava gives bliss to my eyes.”
2.1.359
Sourceअथ मण्डनम्-- किरीटं कुण्डले हारश् चतुष्की वलयोर्मयः । केयूर-नूपुराद्यं च रत्न-मण्डनम् उच्यते
atha maṇḍanam-- kirīṭaṃ kuṇḍale hāraś catuṣkī valayormayaḥ | keyūra-nūpurādyaṃ ca ratna-maṇḍanam ucyate
English translation
“The jeweled ornaments ( maṇḍanam ) include crowns, earrings, broaches, bracelets, rings, armbands and anklets.”
2.1.360
Sourceकाञ्ची चित्रा मुकुटम् अतुलं कुण्डले हारि-हीरे हारस् तारो वलयम् अमलं चन्द्रा-चारुश् चतुष्की । रम्या चोर्मिर् मधुरिम-पूरे नूपुरे चेत्य् अघारेर् अङ्गैर् एवाभरण-पटली भूषिता दोग्धि भूषाम्
kāñcī citrā mukuṭam atulaṃ kuṇḍale hāri-hīre hāras tāro valayam amalaṃ candrā-cāruś catuṣkī | ramyā cormir madhurima-pūre nūpure cety aghārer aṅgair evābharaṇa-paṭalī bhūṣitā dogdhi bhūṣām
English translation
“A colorful belt, an incomparable diadem, earrings of alluring diamonds, a pearl necklace, spotless bracelets, pearl-studded broach, delightful rings, and anklets filled with sweetness—these profuse ornaments attain the status of ornaments because they are decorated by the beauty of the limbs of Kṛṣṇa .”
2.1.361
Sourceकुसुमादि-कृतं चेदं वन्य-मण्डनम् ईरितम् । धातु-क् प्तं तिलकं पत्र-भङ्ग-लतादिकम्
kusumādi-kṛtaṃ cedaṃ vanya-maṇḍanam īritam | dhātu-k ptaṃ tilakaṃ patra-bhaṅga-latādikam
English translation
“When these decorations are made of flowers they are called sylvan ornaments. The drawings using curved lines painted on the forehead and body are made of minerals.”
2.1.362
Sourceअखण्ड-निर्वाण-रस-प्रवाहैर् विखण्डिताशेष-रसान्तराणि । अयन्त्रितोद्वान्त-सुधार्णवानि जयन्ति शीतानि तव स्मितानि
akhaṇḍa-nirvāṇa-rasa-pravāhair vikhaṇḍitāśeṣa-rasāntarāṇi | ayantritodvānta-sudhārṇavāni jayanti śītāni tava smitāni
English translation
An example of the smile, from Kṛṣṇa-karnāmṛta: “O Kṛṣṇa! Your gentle smiles which remove all pain by producing an unbroken stream of rasa of the highest bliss are disgracing all other rasas and emitting an unrestricted ocean of nectar.”
2.1.363
Sourceपरिमल-सरिद् एषा यद् वहन्ती समन्तात् पुलकयति वपुर् नः काप्य् अपूर्वा मुनीनाम् । मधु-रिपुर् उपरागे तद्-विनोदाय मन्ये कुरु-भुवम् अनवद्यामोद-सिन्धुर् विवेश
parimala-sarid eṣā yad vahantī samantāt pulakayati vapur naḥ kāpy apūrvā munīnām | madhu-ripur uparāge tad-vinodāya manye kuru-bhuvam anavadyāmoda-sindhur viveśa
English translation
An example of the fragrance of His limbs: “Since the unprecedented river of fragrance flowing everywhere is causing the hairs of us self-satisfied sages to stand on end, I think the enemy of Madhu, a faultless ocean of fragrance, has come to Kurukṣetra to enjoy Himself on the occasion of the eclipse.”
2.1.364
Sourceध्यानं बलात् परमहंस-कुलस्य भिन्दन् निन्दन् सुधा-मधुरिमाणम् अधीर-धर्मा । कन्दर्प-शासन-धुरां मुहुर् एष शंसन् वंशी-ध्वनिर् जयति कंस-निसूदनस्य
dhyānaṃ balāt paramahaṃsa-kulasya bhindan nindan sudhā-madhurimāṇam adhīra-dharmā | kandarpa-śāsana-dhurāṃ muhur eṣa śaṃsan vaṃśī-dhvanir jayati kaṃsa-nisūdanasya
English translation
His flute : “The fickle sound of Kṛṣṇa ’s flute reveals its excellence by breaking the meditation of the exalted sages, criticizing the sweetness of nectar, and insistently preaching respect for the edicts of Cupid.”
2.1.365
Sourceएष त्रिधा भवेद् वेणु-मुरली-वंशिकेत्य् अपि
eṣa tridhā bhaved veṇu-muralī-vaṃśikety api
English translation
“There are three types of flutes: veṇu , muralī and vaṃśikā .”
2.1.366
Sourceतत्र वेणुः-- पाविकाख्यो भवेद् वेणुर् द्वादशाङ्गुलेर् दैर्घ्य-भाक् । स्थौल्ये ऽङ्गुष्ठ-मितः षड्भिर् एष रन्ध्रैः समन्वितः
tatra veṇuḥ-- pāvikākhyo bhaved veṇur dvādaśāṅguler dairghya-bhāk | sthaulye 'ṅguṣṭha-mitaḥ ṣaḍbhir eṣa randhraiḥ samanvitaḥ
English translation
“The flute that is twelve fingers long named Pāvika is called veṇu .”
2.1.367
Sourceमुरली-- हस्त-द्वय-मितायामा मुख-रन्ध्र-समन्विता । चतुः-स्वर-च्छिद्र-युक्ता मुरली चारु-नादिनी
muralī-- hasta-dvaya-mitāyāmā mukha-randhra-samanvitā | catuḥ-svara-cchidra-yuktā muralī cāru-nādinī
English translation
“The sweet-sounding muralī is two hands long (24 fingers or 18 inches) with a hole at the end and four holes for producing sounds.”
2.1.369
Sourceशिरो वेदाङ्गुलं पुच्छं त्र्य्-अङ्गुलं सा तु वंशिका । नव-रन्ध्रा स्मृता सप्त-दशाङ्गुल-मिता बुधैः
śiro vedāṅgulaṃ pucchaṃ try-aṅgulaṃ sā tu vaṃśikā | nava-randhrā smṛtā sapta-daśāṅgula-mitā budhaiḥ
English translation
“The vaṃsikā is seventeen fingers long (12.75 inches) with nine holes. Eight holes for playing notes are half a finger in diameter and spaced half a finger apart. A hole for blowing is placed 1-1/2 fingers from the eighth hole and is one finger in diameter. There are four fingers space remaining at the head of the flute and three fingers space remaining at the end of the flute.”
2.1.371
Sourceभवेत् सूर्यान्तरा सा चेत् तत आकर्षिणी मता । आनन्दिनी तदा वंशी भवेद् इन्द्रान्तरा यदि
bhavet sūryāntarā sā cet tata ākarṣiṇī matā | ānandinī tadā vaṃśī bhaved indrāntarā yadi
English translation
“When the space between the mouth hole and the first hole for notes is ten fingers, the vaṃśī is called mahānanda (great delight) and sammohinī (the bewitcher). If the space is twelve fingers, the vaṃśī is called ākarṣiṇī (the attractor). If the space is fourteen fingers, the vaṃśī is called ānandinī (bliss - giver).”
2.1.372
Sourceगोपानां वल्लभा सेयं वंशुलीति च विश्रुता । क्रमान् मणिमयी हैमी वैणवीति त्रिधा च सा
gopānāṃ vallabhā seyaṃ vaṃśulīti ca viśrutā | kramān maṇimayī haimī vaiṇavīti tridhā ca sā
English translation
“The ānandinī is a favorite with the cowherd people and is also called vaṃśulī . The vaṃśīs are respectively made of jewels, gold or bamboo.”
2.1.373
Sourceअथ शृङ्गम्-- शृङ्गं तु गवलं हेम-निबद्धाग्रिम-पश्चिमम् । रत्न-जाल-स्फुरन्-मध्यं मन्द्र-घोषाभिधं स्मृतम्
atha śṛṅgam-- śṛṅgaṃ tu gavalaṃ hema-nibaddhāgrima-paścimam | ratna-jāla-sphuran-madhyaṃ mandra-ghoṣābhidhaṃ smṛtam
English translation
The horn: “A wild buffalo horn with gold covering at both ends and jewel inlay in the middle is called Mandraghoṣa (rumbling thunder).”
2.1.374
Sourceतारावली वेणु-भुजङ्गमेन तारावलीला-गरलेन दष्टा । विषाणिका-नाद-पयो निपीय विषाणि कामं द्वि-गुणी-चकार
tārāvalī veṇu-bhujaṅgamena tārāvalīlā-garalena daṣṭā | viṣāṇikā-nāda-payo nipīya viṣāṇi kāmaṃ dvi-guṇī-cakāra
English translation
“Bitten by the flute , like a scorpion with natural poisonous venom in the form of its shrill sound, the gopī Tārāvalī, leader of a group, drank some milk in the form of the sound of a small buffalo horn to counteract the poison. But rather than mitigate the burning poison of the flute’s sound, it increased the pain twofold.”
2.1.375
Sourceअघ-मर्दनस्य सखि नूपुर-ध्वनिं निशमय्य सम्भृत-गभीर-सम्भ्रमा । अहम् ईक्षणोत्तरलितापि नाभवं बहिर् अद्य हन्त गुरवः पुरः स्थिताः
agha-mardanasya sakhi nūpura-dhvaniṃ niśamayya sambhṛta-gabhīra-sambhramā | aham īkṣaṇottaralitāpi nābhavaṃ bahir adya hanta guravaḥ puraḥ sthitāḥ
English translation
An example of His anklets: “Having heard the sound of Kṛṣṇa ’s ankle bells, I have become extremely impatient to see Him, and am possessed with intense zeal. But I cannot leave this place because my elders are present before me.”
2.1.376
Sourceअथ कम्बुः-- कम्बुस् तु दक्षिणावर्तः पाञ्चजन्यतयोच्यते
atha kambuḥ-- kambus tu dakṣiṇāvartaḥ pāñcajanyatayocyate
English translation
The conch: “The conch with its spiral turning to the right is called Pañcajanya .”
2.1.377
Sourceअमर-रिपु-वधूटी-भ्रूण-हत्या-विलासी त्रिदिव-पुर-पुरन्ध्री-वृन्द-नान्दीकरो ऽयम् । भ्रमति भुवन-मध्ये माधवाध्मात-धाम्नः कृत-पुलक-कदम्बः कम्बु-राजस्य नादः
amara-ripu-vadhūṭī-bhrūṇa-hatyā-vilāsī tridiva-pura-purandhrī-vṛnda-nāndīkaro 'yam | bhramati bhuvana-madhye mādhavādhmāta-dhāmnaḥ kṛta-pulaka-kadambaḥ kambu-rājasya nādaḥ
English translation
“The sound of the king of conches, Pañcajanya , blown by Kṛṣṇa , wanders throughout the world, causing abortions in the wives of the demons, announcing auspiciousness to the inhabitants of Svarga , and making the hair stand on end.”
2.1.378
Sourceतद्-दर्शनाह्लाद-विवृद्ध-सम्भ्रमः प्रेम्णोर्ध्व-रोमाश्रु-कलाकुलेक्षणः । रथाद् अवस्कन्द्य स तेष्व् अचेष्टत प्रभोर् अमून्य् अङ्घ्रि-रजांस्य् अहो इति
tad-darśanāhlāda-vivṛddha-sambhramaḥ premṇordhva-romāśru-kalākulekṣaṇaḥ | rathād avaskandya sa teṣv aceṣṭata prabhor amūny aṅghri-rajāṃsy aho iti
English translation
An example of His footprints, from the Tenth Canto of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam [10.38.26]: “Increasingly agitated by ecstasy at seeing the Lord's footprints, his bodily hairs standing on end because of his pure love, and his eyes filled with tears, Akrūra jumped down from his chariot and began rolling about among those footprints, exclaiming, ‘Ah, this is the dust from my master's feet!’ ”
2.1.379
Sourceकलयत हरिर् अध्वना सखायः स्फुटम् अमुना यमुना-तटीम् अयासीत् । हरति पद-ततिर् यद्-अक्षिणी मे ध्वज-कुलिशाकुश-पङ्कजाङ्कितेयम्
kalayata harir adhvanā sakhāyaḥ sphuṭam amunā yamunā-taṭīm ayāsīt | harati pada-tatir yad-akṣiṇī me dhvaja-kuliśākuśa-paṅkajāṅkiteyam
English translation
Another example: “O friends! Understand that Kṛṣṇa has gone to the bank of the Yamunā by this path for certain, because the markings of the flag, thunderbolt, goad and lotus are attracting my eyes.”
2.1.380
Sourceहरि-केलि-भुवां विलोकनं बत दूरे ऽस्तु सुदुर्लभ-श्रियाम् । मथुरेत्य् अपि कर्ण-पद्धतिं प्रविशन् नाम मनो धिनोति नः
hari-keli-bhuvāṃ vilokanaṃ bata dūre 'stu sudurlabha-śriyām | mathurety api karṇa-paddhatiṃ praviśan nāma mano dhinoti naḥ
English translation
An example of His place: “What to speak of seeing all the places of rare glory there the Lord performed pastimes, even hearing the name of Mathurā steals away my mind.”
2.1.381
Sourceअयि पङ्कज-नेत्र-मौलि-माले तुलसी-मञ्जरि किञ्चिद् अर्थयामि । अवबोधय पार्थ-सारथेस् त्वं चरणाब्ज-शरणाभिलाषिणं माम्
ayi paṅkaja-netra-mauli-māle tulasī-mañjari kiñcid arthayāmi | avabodhaya pārtha-sārathes tvaṃ caraṇābja-śaraṇābhilāṣiṇaṃ mām
English translation
An example of tulasī, from Kṛṣṇa -karṇāmṛta: “O tulasī bud from lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa’s chaplet! I make one prayer to you. Inform the chariot driver of Arjuna that I desire shelter at His lotus feet.”
2.1.382
Sourceविज्ञाय ताव् उत्तम-गाय-किङ्कराव् अभ्युत्थितः साध्वस-विस्मृत-क्रमः । ननाम नामानि गृणन् मधु-द्विषः पार्षत्-प्रधानाव् इति संहताञ्जलिः
vijñāya tāv uttama-gāya-kiṅkarāv abhyutthitaḥ sādhvasa-vismṛta-kramaḥ | nanāma nāmāni gṛṇan madhu-dviṣaḥ pārṣat-pradhānāv iti saṃhatāñjaliḥ
English translation
An example of the devotee as uddīpana , from the Fourth Canto of Śrīmad - Bhāgavatam [4.12.21]: “ Dhruva Mahārāja , seeing that these uncommon personalities were direct servants of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, immediately stood up. But, being puzzled, in hastiness he forgot how to receive them in the proper way. Therefore he simply offered obeisances with folded hands and chanted and glorified the holy names of the Lord.”
2.1.383
Sourceसुबल भुज-भुजङ्गं न्यस्य तुङ्गे तवांसे स्मित-विलसद्-अपाङ्गः प्राङ्गणे भ्राजमानः । नयन-युगम् असिञ्चद् यः सुधा-वीचिभिर् नः कथय स दयितस् ते क्वायम् आस्ते वयस्यः
subala bhuja-bhujaṅgaṃ nyasya tuṅge tavāṃse smita-vilasad-apāṅgaḥ prāṅgaṇe bhrājamānaḥ | nayana-yugam asiñcad yaḥ sudhā-vīcibhir naḥ kathaya sa dayitas te kvāyam āste vayasyaḥ
English translation
Another example: “O Subala! Please tell us where your dear friend Kṛṣṇa is. While throwing sideward glances endowed with a gentle smile and placing His arm on your raised shoulder while standing in the yard, He would inundate our eyes with waves of nectar.”
2.1.384
Sourceअथ तद्-वासरो, यथा-- अद्भुता बहवः सन्तु भगवत्-पर्व-वासराः । आमोदयति मां धन्या कृष्ण-भाद्रपदाष्टमी
atha tad-vāsaro, yathā-- adbhutā bahavaḥ santu bhagavat-parva-vāsarāḥ | āmodayati māṃ dhanyā kṛṣṇa-bhādrapadāṣṭamī
English translation
An example of the days commemorating the Lord: “Here there are many festival days commemorating the Lord. However, the auspicious eighth tithi of the waning moon in the month of Bhadra ( Janmāṣṭamī ) gives me great joy.”
iti śrī-śrī- bhakti -rasāmṛta-sindhau dakṣiṇa -vibhāge bhakti-rasa-sāmānya-nirūpaṇe vibhāva-laharī prathamā |
“Thus ends the First Wave of the Southern Ocean of Śrī Bhakti-rasāmṛta - sindhu , concerning vibhāva .”