Puruṣottama-kṣetra-māhātmya, Chapter 43 | Skanda Purāṇa

Puruṣottama-kṣetra-māhātmya · Chapter 43

।। जैमिनिरुवाच ।। ।। फाल्गुने मासि कुर्वीत दोलारोहणमुत्तमम् ।। यत्र क्रीडति गोविंदो लोकानुग्रहणाय वै ।। १ ।। प्रत्यर्चां देवदेवस्य गोविंदाख्यां तु कारयेत् ।। प्रासादपुरतः कुर्यात्षोडश स्तंभमुच्छ्रितम।। २ ।। चतुरस्रं चतुर्द्वारं मण्डपं वेदिकान्वितम् ।। चारुचंद्रातपं माल्यचामरध्वजशोभितम् ।। ३ ।। भद्रासनं वेदिकायां श्रीपर्णीकाष्ठनिर्मितम् ।। फल्गूत्सवं प्रकुर्वीत पञ्चाहानि त्र्यहाणि वा ।। ४ ।। फाल्गुन्यां पूर्वतो विप्राश्चतुर्दश्यां निशामुखे ।। वह्न्युत्सवं प्रकुर्वीत दोलामण्डपपूर्वतः ।। ५ ।। गोविंदानुगृहीतं तु यात्रांगं तत्प्रकीर्तितम्।। आचार्यवरणं कृत्वा वह्निं निर्मथनोद्भवम् ।। ६ ।। भूमिं संस्कृत्य विधिवत्तृणराशिं महोच्छ्रयम्।। सुसमं कारयित्वा तु वह्निं तत्र विनिक्षिपेत्।। ७ ।। पूजयित्वा विधानेन कूष्मांडविधिना हुनेत् ।। गोविंदं पूजयित्वा तु भ्रामयेत्स तत विभुम् ।। ८ ।। यत्नात्तं रक्षयेद्वह्निं यावद्यात्रा समाप्यते ।। प्रातर्यामे चतुर्दश्यां गोविंदप्रतिमां शुभाम् ।। ९ ।। वासयित्वा हरेरग्रे पूजयेत्पुरुषोत्तमम् ।। उपचारावशिष्टैस्तु प्रत्यर्चामपि पूजयेत् ।। 2.2.43.१० ।। ततोऽवरोप्य वसनं मालां च द्विजसत्तमाः ।। अर्चायां विन्यसेन्मंत्री परं ज्योतिर्विभावयन् ।। ११ ।। ततः सा प्रतिमा साक्षाज्जायते पुरुषोत्तमः ।। रत्नांदोलिकया तां वै नयेत्स्नानस्य मंडपम् ।। ।। १२ ।। तत्र नाना तूर्यनादैः शंखध्वनिपुरःसरम्।। जयशब्दैस्तथा स्तोत्रैः पुष्पवृष्टिभिरेव च ।। १३ ।। छत्रध्वजपताकाभिश्चामरैर्व्यजनैस्तथा ।। निरंतरं दीपिकाभिस्तदा कुर्यान्महोत्सवम् ।। १४ ।। आगच्छंति तदा देवाः पितामहपुरोगमाः ।। द्रष्टुं चर्षिगणैः सार्द्धं गोविंदस्य महोत्सवम् ।। ।। १५ ।। भद्रासनेऽधिवास्यैव पूजयेदुपचारकैः ।। महास्नानस्य विधिना स्नपनं तस्य कारयेत् ।। १६ ।। पंचामृतैश्च सर्वैश्च तेषामन्यतमेन वा ।। स्नानांते गंधतोयेन श्रीसूक्तेनाभिषेचयेत् ।। १७ ।। संप्रोक्ष्य भूषयेद्देवं वस्त्रालंकारमाल्यकैः ।। नीराजयित्वा संपूज्य प्रासादं परिवेष्टयेत् ।। १८ ।। सप्तकृत्वस्ततो देवं दोलामंडपमानयेत् ।। सुसंस्कृतायां रथ्यायां पताकातोरणादिभिः ।। अधोदेशे मंडपं तं सप्तशो भ्रामयेत्पुनः ।। १९ ।। ऊर्द्ध्वदेशे पुनः सप्त स्तंभवेद्यां च सप्त वै ।। यात्रावसाने च पुनर्भ्रामयेदेकविंशतिम् ।। 2.2.43.२० ।। इयं लीला भगवतः पितामहमुखेरिता ।। राजर्षिणेंद्रद्युम्नेन कारिता पूर्वमेव हि ।। २१ ।। फलपुष्पोपनम्रैश्च शाखिभिः परिकल्पिते ।। वृंदावनांतरे रम्ये मत्तभ्रमरराविणि ।। २२ ।। कोकिलारावमधुरे नानापक्षिगणाकुले ।। नानोपशोभारचितनानागुरुसुधूपिते ।। २३ ।। प्रफुल्लकेतकीषंडगंधामोदिदिगंतरे ।। मल्लिकाशोकपुन्नागचंपकैरुपशोभिते ।। २४ ।। तत्काननांतर्घटिते मंडपे चारुतोरणे ।। भूषिते माल्यवसनचामरैरुपशोभिते ।। २५ ।। रत्नखट्वांदोलिकायां तन्मध्ये वासयेत्प्रभुम् ।। सद्रत्नमुकुटं तारहारशोभितवक्षसम् ।। २६ ।। अनर्घ्यरत्नघटितकुंडलोद्भासितश्रुतिम् ।। यथास्थानं यथाशोभं दिव्यालंकारमंजुलम् ।। २७ ।। विकचांबुजमध्यस्थं विश्वधात्र्या श्रिया युतम् ।। २८ ।। शंखचक्रगदापद्मधारिणं वनमालिनम् ।। सुप्रसन्नं सुनासं तं पीनवक्षःस्थलोज्ज्वलम् ।। २९ ।। पुरो व्योमस्थितैर्देवैर्ब्रह्माद्यैर्नतमस्तकैः ।। कृतांजलिपुटैर्भक्त्या जयशब्दैरभिष्टुतम् ।। 2.2.43.३० ।। गंधर्वैरप्सरोभिश्च किन्नरैः सिद्धचारणैः ।। हाहाहूहूप्रभृतिभिः सत्वरं दिव्यगायनैः ।। ३१ ।। अहंपूर्विकया नृत्यगीतवादित्रकारिभिः ।। नेत्रांबुजसहस्रैश्च पूज्यमानं मुदान्वितैः ।। ३२ ।। किरद्भिः सर्वतोदिक्षु गंधचंदनजं रजः ।। उपवेश्याथ गोविंदं पूजयेदुपचारकैः ।। ३३ ।। बल्लवीवृंदमध्यस्थं कदंबतरुमूलगम् ।। हावहास्यविलासैश्च क्रीडमानं वनांतरे ।। ३४ ।। गोपीभिश्चैव गोपालैर्लीलांदोलितयानगम् ।। चिंतयित्वा जगन्नाथं विकिरेद्गंधचूर्णकैः ।। ३५ ।। सकर्पूरै रक्तपीतशुक्लैर्दिक्षु समंततः ।। दिव्यैर्वस्त्रैर्दिव्यमाल्यैर्द्दिव्यैर्गंधैः सुधूपकैः ।। ३६ ।। चामरांदोलनैर्गीतैः स्तुतिभिश्च समर्चितम् ।। आंदोलयेद्दोलिकास्थं सप्तवाराञ्छनैः शनैः ।। ।।३७।। तदा पश्यंति ये कृष्णं मुक्तिस्तेषां न संशयः ।। ब्रह्महत्यादिपापानां पंचकानां क्षयो भवेत् ।। ३८ ।। त्रिरेवं दोलयेद्देवं सर्वपापापनोदनम् ।। भक्त्यानुग्राहकं पुंसां भुक्तिमुक्त्येककारणम् ।। ३९ ।। लीलाविचेष्टितं यस्य कृत्रिमं सहजं तथा ।। अंहःसंघक्षयकरं मूलाविद्यानिवर्त्तकम् ।। 2.2.43.४० ।। पश्यन्द्वितीयं हरति गोहत्याद्युपपातकम् ।। हरत्यशेषपापानि तृतीये नात्र संशयः ।।४१।। दृष्ट्वा दोलायितं देवं सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते ।। आध्यात्मिकैराधिभौतैराधिदैवैर्विमुच्यते ।। ४२ ।। इमां यात्रां कारयित्वा चक्रवर्ती भवेन्नृपः ।। ब्राह्मणस्तु चतुर्वेदी ज्ञानवाञ्जायते ध्रुवम् ।।४३।। इति श्रीस्कांदे महापुराण एकाशीतिसाहस्र्यां संहितायां द्वितीये वैष्णवखण्डे पुरुषोत्तमक्षेत्रमाहात्म्ये दोलारोहणंनाम त्रयश्चत्वारिंशोऽध्यायः ।।४३।।

|| jaiminiruvāca || || phālgune māsi kurvīta dolārohaṇamuttamam || yatra krīḍati goviṃdo lokānugrahaṇāya vai || 1 || pratyarcāṃ devadevasya goviṃdākhyāṃ tu kārayet || prāsādapurataḥ kuryātṣoḍaśa staṃbhamucchritama|| 2 || caturasraṃ caturdvāraṃ maṇḍapaṃ vedikānvitam || cārucaṃdrātapaṃ mālyacāmaradhvajaśobhitam || 3 || bhadrāsanaṃ vedikāyāṃ śrīparṇīkāṣṭhanirmitam || phalgūtsavaṃ prakurvīta pañcāhāni tryahāṇi vā || 4 || phālgunyāṃ pūrvato viprāścaturdaśyāṃ niśāmukhe || vahnyutsavaṃ prakurvīta dolāmaṇḍapapūrvataḥ || 5 || goviṃdānugṛhītaṃ tu yātrāṃgaṃ tatprakīrtitam|| ācāryavaraṇaṃ kṛtvā vahniṃ nirmathanodbhavam || 6 || bhūmiṃ saṃskṛtya vidhivattṛṇarāśiṃ mahocchrayam|| susamaṃ kārayitvā tu vahniṃ tatra vinikṣipet|| 7 || pūjayitvā vidhānena kūṣmāṃḍavidhinā hunet || goviṃdaṃ pūjayitvā tu bhrāmayetsa tata vibhum || 8 || yatnāttaṃ rakṣayedvahniṃ yāvadyātrā samāpyate || prātaryāme caturdaśyāṃ goviṃdapratimāṃ śubhām || 9 || vāsayitvā hareragre pūjayetpuruṣottamam || upacārāvaśiṣṭaistu pratyarcāmapi pūjayet || 2.2.43.10 || tato'varopya vasanaṃ mālāṃ ca dvijasattamāḥ || arcāyāṃ vinyasenmaṃtrī paraṃ jyotirvibhāvayan || 11 || tataḥ sā pratimā sākṣājjāyate puruṣottamaḥ || ratnāṃdolikayā tāṃ vai nayetsnānasya maṃḍapam || || 12 || tatra nānā tūryanādaiḥ śaṃkhadhvanipuraḥsaram|| jayaśabdaistathā stotraiḥ puṣpavṛṣṭibhireva ca || 13 || chatradhvajapatākābhiścāmarairvyajanaistathā || niraṃtaraṃ dīpikābhistadā kuryānmahotsavam || 14 || āgacchaṃti tadā devāḥ pitāmahapurogamāḥ || draṣṭuṃ carṣigaṇaiḥ sārddhaṃ goviṃdasya mahotsavam || || 15 || bhadrāsane'dhivāsyaiva pūjayedupacārakaiḥ || mahāsnānasya vidhinā snapanaṃ tasya kārayet || 16 || paṃcāmṛtaiśca sarvaiśca teṣāmanyatamena vā || snānāṃte gaṃdhatoyena śrīsūktenābhiṣecayet || 17 || saṃprokṣya bhūṣayeddevaṃ vastrālaṃkāramālyakaiḥ || nīrājayitvā saṃpūjya prāsādaṃ pariveṣṭayet || 18 || saptakṛtvastato devaṃ dolāmaṃḍapamānayet || susaṃskṛtāyāṃ rathyāyāṃ patākātoraṇādibhiḥ || adhodeśe maṃḍapaṃ taṃ saptaśo bhrāmayetpunaḥ || 19 || ūrddhvadeśe punaḥ sapta staṃbhavedyāṃ ca sapta vai || yātrāvasāne ca punarbhrāmayedekaviṃśatim || 2.2.43.20 || iyaṃ līlā bhagavataḥ pitāmahamukheritā || rājarṣiṇeṃdradyumnena kāritā pūrvameva hi || 21 || phalapuṣpopanamraiśca śākhibhiḥ parikalpite || vṛṃdāvanāṃtare ramye mattabhramararāviṇi || 22 || kokilārāvamadhure nānāpakṣigaṇākule || nānopaśobhāracitanānāgurusudhūpite || 23 || praphullaketakīṣaṃḍagaṃdhāmodidigaṃtare || mallikāśokapunnāgacaṃpakairupaśobhite || 24 || tatkānanāṃtarghaṭite maṃḍape cārutoraṇe || bhūṣite mālyavasanacāmarairupaśobhite || 25 || ratnakhaṭvāṃdolikāyāṃ tanmadhye vāsayetprabhum || sadratnamukuṭaṃ tārahāraśobhitavakṣasam || 26 || anarghyaratnaghaṭitakuṃḍalodbhāsitaśrutim || yathāsthānaṃ yathāśobhaṃ divyālaṃkāramaṃjulam || 27 || vikacāṃbujamadhyasthaṃ viśvadhātryā śriyā yutam || 28 || śaṃkhacakragadāpadmadhāriṇaṃ vanamālinam || suprasannaṃ sunāsaṃ taṃ pīnavakṣaḥsthalojjvalam || 29 || puro vyomasthitairdevairbrahmādyairnatamastakaiḥ || kṛtāṃjalipuṭairbhaktyā jayaśabdairabhiṣṭutam || 2.2.43.30 || gaṃdharvairapsarobhiśca kinnaraiḥ siddhacāraṇaiḥ || hāhāhūhūprabhṛtibhiḥ satvaraṃ divyagāyanaiḥ || 31 || ahaṃpūrvikayā nṛtyagītavāditrakāribhiḥ || netrāṃbujasahasraiśca pūjyamānaṃ mudānvitaiḥ || 32 || kiradbhiḥ sarvatodikṣu gaṃdhacaṃdanajaṃ rajaḥ || upaveśyātha goviṃdaṃ pūjayedupacārakaiḥ || 33 || ballavīvṛṃdamadhyasthaṃ kadaṃbatarumūlagam || hāvahāsyavilāsaiśca krīḍamānaṃ vanāṃtare || 34 || gopībhiścaiva gopālairlīlāṃdolitayānagam || ciṃtayitvā jagannāthaṃ vikiredgaṃdhacūrṇakaiḥ || 35 || sakarpūrai raktapītaśuklairdikṣu samaṃtataḥ || divyairvastrairdivyamālyairddivyairgaṃdhaiḥ sudhūpakaiḥ || 36 || cāmarāṃdolanairgītaiḥ stutibhiśca samarcitam || āṃdolayeddolikāsthaṃ saptavārāñchanaiḥ śanaiḥ || ||37|| tadā paśyaṃti ye kṛṣṇaṃ muktisteṣāṃ na saṃśayaḥ || brahmahatyādipāpānāṃ paṃcakānāṃ kṣayo bhavet || 38 || trirevaṃ dolayeddevaṃ sarvapāpāpanodanam || bhaktyānugrāhakaṃ puṃsāṃ bhuktimuktyekakāraṇam || 39 || līlāviceṣṭitaṃ yasya kṛtrimaṃ sahajaṃ tathā || aṃhaḥsaṃghakṣayakaraṃ mūlāvidyānivarttakam || 2.2.43.40 || paśyandvitīyaṃ harati gohatyādyupapātakam || haratyaśeṣapāpāni tṛtīye nātra saṃśayaḥ ||41|| dṛṣṭvā dolāyitaṃ devaṃ sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate || ādhyātmikairādhibhautairādhidaivairvimucyate || 42 || imāṃ yātrāṃ kārayitvā cakravartī bhavennṛpaḥ || brāhmaṇastu caturvedī jñānavāñjāyate dhruvam ||43|| iti śrīskāṃde mahāpurāṇa ekāśītisāhasryāṃ saṃhitāyāṃ dvitīye vaiṣṇavakhaṇḍe puruṣottamakṣetramāhātmye dolārohaṇaṃnāma trayaścatvāriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ ||43||

English translation

Note: The festival of the swing ( Dolā - Yātrā ) indicates the midday position of the Ahorātra year, of which the eleventh day of the bright half of Bhādrapada ( Pārśva - Parivartana Festival) is regarded as the midnight in Orissa . Jagannātha ’s identity with Kāla (Time) is hereby emphasized. There is one change in today’s Dolā-Yātrā as compared with that in our Purāṇa . King Rāmacandra Deva , the Abhinava Indradyumna , who re-established the glory of Jagannātha after Kālā Pahāḍ’s invasion, introduced some changes such as building a permanent swing-altar etc. One important point to be noted is the influence of the Bhāgavata Purāṇa . Vṛndāvana is as if transplanted at Puri and Govinda ( Kṛṣṇa ) participates in the Dolā-Yātrā.

Jaimini said :

1. In the month of Phālguna the devotee should celebrate the excellent festival of the swing, wherein Govinda plays and sports for the purpose of blessing the worlds.

2. He (the devotee) should get a replica made of the Lord of Devas . It should be named Govinda. In front of the Mansion a pavilion should be made. [1] It should be a tall one with sixteen pillars.

3. It should be square in shape with four doors. It should be provided with an altar. There should be charming awning. It should be rendered splendid with wreaths, chowries and banners.

4. There should be a fine seat on the altar. It shall be made of the wood of Śrīparṇī (Gmelina arborea). The lovely festival should be celebrated for five or three days.

5. On the previous fourteenth day in the month of Phālguna, early in the night, O Brāhmaṇas , there should be a fire festival on the east of the Pavilion intended for the festival of swing.

6. That is blessed by Govinda. It is glorified as an ancillary of the Yātrā (festival, procession). A preceptor should be chosen and the fire should be kindled with sacrificial twigs by rubbing them together.

7. The ground should be cleaned and consecrated duly. The mass of tall grasses should be trimmed and the ground should be made even. Fire should be deposited there.

8. After worshipping in accordance with the injunctions, Homa should be performed in accordance with the procedure laid down for Kūṣmāṇḍa . After worshipping Govinda, he should be (perched on the swing and) swung (at regular intervals).

9-10. This fire should be preserved carefully till the conclusion of the festival. In the early morning Yāma (3 hours) of the fourteenth day, the splendid idol of Govinda should be placed in front of Hari (Hari’s replica—Pratyarcā) and then Puruṣottama be worshipped. With the remaining portion of the offerings and services the devotee should worship the replica too.

11. Thereafter, O excellent Brāhmaṇas, the cloth and the garland should be taken away and be placed on the replica while reciting the Mantra and meditating upon the Supreme Refulgence.

12. Thereupon, that replica (idol) becomes Puruṣottama himself. That replica should be placed in a bejewelled palanquin and taken to the Pavilion of holy bath.

13. There the festival should be celebrated with playing of different kinds of musical instruments, blowing of conch-shells, shouts of “Be victorious”, hymns etc. and showers of flowers.

14. There should be umbrella, flags and banners, chowries and fans. There should be continuous burning of lamps.

15. At that time Devas with Brahmā as their leader come there along with multitudes of sages in order to witness the great festival of Govinda.

16. The idol should be placed and consecrated on the excellent seat and then worshipped with offerings and services. In accordance with the injunction governing the great ablution the devotee should perform the rite of ablution.

17. The ablution should be performed with Pañcāmṛtas (the five sweet things, viz. milk, sugar, ghee , curds and honey) or with any one of them. At the end of the ablution he should bathe (the idol) with perfumed water while reciting Śrī Sūkta .

18. The Lord should be sprinkled and adorned with robes, wreaths and ornaments. After performing the Nīrājana rite and worship the idol should be taken round the Mansion (shrine).

19. The idol should be taken round the Mansion seven times. Then the Lord should be brought to the Pavilion of swing through the street well aḍomed with buntings, banners and festoons and other embellishments. The idol should be moved round seven times beneath the lower part of the Pavilion.

20. (It should be moved round) seven times over the upper part and seven times on the altar with pillars. At the conclusion of the festival again it should be moved twenty-one times.

21-25. This sport of the Lord was proclaimed by Brahmā orally and celebrated by the saintly King Indradyumna formerly in the beautiful forest in Vṛndāvana abounding in trees bending with plenty of fruits and flowers and resonant with inebriated bees, sweetened by the cooings of the cuckoo, full of many kinds of birds. The place should be splendidly decorated. It should be fumigated with incenses of various kinds as well as black aloe-wood. The quarters should be rendered fragrant by means of the sweet smell of Ketakī flowers in full bloom. It shall be made beautiful with jasmine, Aśoka , Punnāga and Caṃpaka trees. The Maṇḍapa erected in the middle of that forest should have charming festoons and ornamental gateways. It must be adorned with wreaths, cloths and chowries.

26-32. In its middle the Lord should be placed in a bejewelled couch

in a palanquin. The Lord should have a gem-set crown. His chest is rendered splendid by a sparkling pearl necklace.

His ears are brilliantly illuminated by means of ear-rings made of valuable gems. He is charming and fascinating on account of divine ornaments worn in their proper places so as to enhance the beauty and splendour.

He is stationed in the middle of a full-blown lotus. He is accompanied by Śrī, the mother of the universe.

He holds the conch, the discus, the iron club and the lotus. He wears the garland of sylvan flowers. He is exceedingly delighted. His nose is splendid. He is refulgent with a stout, muscular chest.

He is eulogized by Devas including Brahmā, who are stationed in the firmament in front (of the Lord), who have bent down their heads and joined their palms together in reverence and who devoutly shout the slogan “Be victorious”.

He is worshipped by Gandharvas , celestial damsels, Kinnaras , Siddhas , Cāraṇas etc. including Hāhā and Hūhū who sing divine songs and vie with one another in dancing, singing and playing instruments. They are joyously viewing the Lord so that they appear to be worshipping him with thousands of lotus-like eyes.

33. The devotees should scatter fragrant sandal powder all round in all the quarters. They should place down the idol of Govinda and worship (him) with various offerings and services.

34-35. The devotee should imagine the Lord of the universe as being positioned in the middle of cowherd lasses at the root of a Kadaṃba tree—the Lord who went on sporting with graceful charms, jocular remarks and various amorous gestures in the middle of the forest and who was taken in vehicles drawn playfully by cowherdesses and cowherds. Thinking of Jagannātha thus, he should scatter scented powder over the Lord.

36-38. Scented powders of red, yellow and white colours should be scattered in the various quarters along with camphor. The Lord should be adorned and adored with divine robes, divine garlands, divine scents, excellent incenses etc.

There should be sweet songs and hymns. Chowries should be waved to and fro. The Lord in the swing should be slowly swung seven times. Those who see Kṛṣṇa then shall undoubtedly attain salvation. The five sins like that of the murder of a Brāhmaṇa shall be destroyed.

39. The devotee should swing the Lord thus three times. It dispels all sins. The Lord blesses men who are devoutly engaged in this. He is the sole cause of enjoyment of pleasures and salvation.

40. All his graceful activities both intentional and spontaneous, destroy masses of sins. They dispel Avidyā (Ignorance), the root cause (of Saṃsāra ).

41. If a person sees this on a second occasion lesser sins like slaughter of a cow etc. are dispelled. On the third occasion all the sins are destroyed. There is no doubt in this regard.

42. By seeing the Lord being swung one is liberated from all sins and troubles caused by spirits, animals and deities.

43. It is certain that by celebrating this festival an ordinary king will become an Emperor; a Brāhmaṇa shall master all the four Vedas and become blessed with perfect knowledge.

[1]: [1] : It means, at the time of the Purāṇa, there was no permanent structure for this Yātrā. The present structure was built in the 16th century CE by King Rāmacandra Deva who is aptly designated as ‘New Indradyumna’. Preparation of a statue of Govinda is for recreating the scene of Vṛndāvana and Kṛṣṇa’s playing Holi and colour with Gopīs.

Complete chapter-aligned witnesses. Sanskrit Wikisource page 22970, revision 71199 (2016-06-13T18:40:47Z). English is G. V. Tagare’s complete translation, controlled against its chapter page at https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-skanda-purana/d/doc371625.html and the archival publication witness. The witnesses are aligned at chapter level; no unsupported verse-by-verse equivalence is asserted.