Social satire, the household
Original Marathi from the Tukaram Gatha · About Sant Tukaram
मराठी मूळ
सुखें वोळंब दावी गोहा । माझें दुःख नेणा पाहा ॥१॥
आवडीचा मारिला वेडा । होय होय कैसा म्हणे भिडा ॥ध्रु.॥
निपट मज न चले अन्न । पायली गहूं सांजा तीन ॥२॥
गेले वारीं तुम्हीं आणिली साकर । सातदी गेली साडेदहा शेर ॥३॥
अखंड मज पोटाची व्यथा । दुधभात साकर तूप पथ्या ॥४॥
दो पाहरा मज लहरी येती । शुद्ध नाहीं पडे सुपती ॥५॥
नीज नये घाली फुलें । जवळीं न साहती मुलें ॥६॥
अंगी चंदन लावितें भाळीं । सदा शूळ माझे कपाळीं ॥७॥
हाड गळोनि आलें मास । माझें दुःख तुम्हां नेणवे कैसें ॥८॥
तुका म्हणे जिता गाढव केला । मेलियावरि नरका नेला ॥९॥
Tukaram Gatha (Marathi Wikisource)
English Translation
With relish she stages a performance of desperate craving. "Look, no one sees my suffering!" She has driven the poor man mad with her demands. "Yes, yes," he says, cornered by shame. "I simply cannot eat a morsel." Yet she needs a full measure of wheat for three meals a day. Last time you brought sugar, ten and a half seers vanished in seven days. "My stomach torments me without end." The only remedy: milk, rice, sugar, and ghee. "At the second watch, fits seize me. I lose all sense and cannot sleep." "I cannot sleep unless flowers are strewn about me. And keep the children away." "I rub sandalwood on my body and forehead, yet a constant pain pierces my skull." "My flesh is falling from the bone. How can you not see my suffering?" Tuka says: she made him a donkey while alive, and hauled him to hell after death.
We ask forgiveness for any inaccuracies in rendering Tukaram ji’s original Marathi.
In Plain Words
With great relish she puts on a show of suffering. Look, she cries, no one sees how much I suffer. She has driven the poor man out of his mind with her demands, and he, cornered and ashamed, can only say yes, yes. I cannot eat a bite, she says, yet she needs a full measure of wheat for three meals a day. The sugar you brought last time, ten and a half seers, was gone in seven days. My stomach torments me without end, she says, and the only thing that helps is milk, rice, sugar, and ghee. At midday the fits seize me, I lose all sense, I cannot sleep. I cannot sleep unless flowers are strewn around me, and keep the children away. I rub sandalwood on my forehead, yet my head splits with constant pain. My flesh is falling from my bones; how can you not see my suffering? Tuka says: she made the man a donkey while he lived, and dragged him to hell after he died.
What it means
A piece of pure social satire, and proof that Tukaram's plain speech could turn comic and merciless. The scene is a household ruined by a manipulative spouse who performs illness to control her husband: she claims she cannot eat while devouring the stores, demands delicacies, stages fits, banishes the children, and insists no one understands her suffering. Tukaram is not mocking sickness. He is mocking the using of sickness as a weapon, the false performance of need. The brutal last line is his verdict: such a partner turns a living man into a beaten donkey and damns him after death. The same eye that adored Vitthal saw domestic cruelty exactly as it was.
Longing and Separation
Cries from the dark night of the soul: remonstrances, complaints, and desperate yearning.
More in this theme →