Social criticism, the daughter-seller
Original Marathi from the Tukaram Gatha · About Sant Tukaram
मराठी मूळ
ब्रम्हहत्या मारिल्या गाई । आणीक काई पाप केलें ॥१॥
ऐका जेणें विकिली कन्या । पवाडे त्या सुन्याचे ॥ध्रु.॥
नरमांस खादली भाडी । हाका मारी म्हणोनि ॥२॥
अवघें पाप केलें तेणें । जेणें सोनें अभिळाषिलें ॥३॥
उच्चारितां मज तें पाप । जिव्हे कांप सुटतसे ॥४॥
तुका म्हणे कोरान्न रांड । बेटा भांड मागे ना कां ॥५॥
Tukaram Gatha (Marathi Wikisource)
English Translation
Even if one has killed a Brahmin or slaughtered cows, even if one has committed every other sin, listen now to the infamy of the one who has sold his daughter for gold. He has fed on human flesh, which is why he is called a demon. All sin has been committed by the one who coveted gold. Says Tuka, merely uttering this sin makes my tongue tremble. The wretch and the shameless rogue: why does he not simply beg for dry bread instead?
We ask forgiveness for any inaccuracies in rendering Tukaram ji’s original Marathi.
In Plain Words
Killing a Brahmin, slaughtering cows, every other sin there is: listen now to the disgrace of the man who sold his daughter for gold. He has eaten human flesh; that is why he is called a demon. He who coveted the gold has committed every sin at once. Even to say this sin aloud sets my tongue trembling. Tuka says: you wretch, you shameless rogue, why not just beg for dry bread instead?
What it means
Tukaram sets the worst sins he can name, killing a Brahmin, slaughtering cows, against the act of selling one's own daughter, and says the seller's infamy outweighs them all. Calling him a flesh-eater and a demon is moral horror, not literal report: a father who treats his child as goods has fed on his own kin. The trembling tongue shows how deeply the act revolts him. The closing taunt points at the real failure: poverty was no excuse, since honest begging for dry bread was always open to him. The contempt is aimed at the pattern of treating a person as merchandise, a warning to examine where one's own greed would lead.
Social Criticism
Rebuke of hypocrisy, caste pride, false teachers, greed, and religious pretence.
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