राम
गाथा 4495Krishna Leela

Play wedding, One in every role

Original Marathi from the Tukaram Gatha · About Sant Tukaram

मराठी मूळ

गोविंद भ्रतार गोविंद मुळहारी । नामें भेद परि एक चि तो ॥1॥

एकाचीं च नामें ठेवियेलीं दोनी । किल्पतील मनीं यावें जावें ॥2॥

जावें यावें तिहीं घरऴिचया घरीं । तेथिची सिदोरी तेथें न्यावी ॥3॥

विचारितां दिसे येणें जाणें खोटें । दाविती गोमटें लोका ऐसें ॥4॥

लोक करूनियां साच वर्तताती । तैशा त्या खेळती लटिक्याची ॥5॥

लटिकीं करिती मंगळदायकें । लटिकीं च एकें एकां व्याही ॥6॥

व्याही भाई हरि सोयरा जावायी । अवघियांच्या ठायीं केला एक ॥7॥

एकासि च पावे जें कांहीं करिती । उपचार संपित्त नाना भोग ॥8॥

भोग देती सर्व एका नारायणा । लटिक्या भावना व्याही भाई ॥9॥

लटिका च त्यांणीं केला संवसार । जाणती साचार वेगळा त्या ॥10॥

त्यांणीं मृित्तकेचें करूनि अवघें । खेळतील दोघें पुरुषनारी ॥11॥

पुरुषनारी त्यांणीं ठेवियेलीं नावें । कवतुकभावें विचरती ॥12॥

विचरती जैसे साच भावें लोक । तैसें नाहीं सुख खेळतीया ॥13॥

यांणीं जाणितलें आपआपणया । लटिकें हें वांयां खेळतों तें ॥14॥

खेळतों ते आह्मीं नव्हों नारीनर । ह्मणोनि विकार नाहीं तयां ॥15॥

तया ठावें आहे आह्मी अवघीं एक । ह्मणोनि निःशंक खेळतील ॥16॥

तयां ठावें नाहीं हरिचिया गुणें । आह्मी कोणकोणें काय खेळों ॥17॥

काय खातों आह्मी कासया सांगातें । कैसें हें लागतें नेणों मुखी॥18॥

मुखीं चवी नाहीं वरी अंगीं लाज । वरणा याती काज न धरिती॥19॥

धरितील कांहीं संकोच त्या मना । हांसतां या जना नाइकती॥20॥

नाइकती बोल आणिकांचे कानीं । हरि चित्तीं मनीं बैसलासे ॥21॥

बैसलासे हरि जयांचिये चित्तीं । तयां नावडती मायबापें ॥22॥

मायबापें त्यांचीं नेती पाचारुनि । बळें परि मनीं हरि वसे ॥23॥

वसतील बाळा आपलाले घरीं । ध्यान त्या अंतरीं गोविंदाचें ॥24॥

गोविंदाचें ध्यान निजलिया जाग्या । आणीक वाउग्या न बोलती॥25॥

न बोलती निजलिया हरिविण । जागृति सपन एक जालें ॥26॥

एकविध सुख घेती नित्य बाळा । भ्रमर परिमळालागीं तैशा ॥27॥

तैसा त्यांचा भाव घेतला त्यांपरी । तुका ह्मणे हरि बाळलीला॥28॥

Tukaram Gatha (Marathi Wikisource)

English Translation

Govinda as husband, Govinda as the one to whom the bride is given: different names, but one and the same. They gave Him two names but imagined Him coming and going between homes. They would go and come between their households, carrying provisions from one place to the other. Upon reflection, all this coming and going is false. They showed the world a lovely appearance. The world takes life seriously; those women played at life as make-believe. They performed mock-auspicious ceremonies, pretending to arrange marriages among themselves. The in-laws, brothers, husbands, sons-in-law: all these roles were filled by the One alone. Whatever they offered, whatever rituals they performed, all the offerings, ceremonies, and pleasures went to the one Narayana. The entire household was a beautiful pretense. In-laws and brothers were make-believe. Says Tuka, they knew what was truly different. Their so-called married life was a knowing game. They fashioned everything from clay: pots, vessels, cooking utensils. They played as man and woman, naming things in playful sport. They played as worldly folk do, but their joy was nothing like the world's. They knew within themselves that their play was an illusion. 'We are playing; we are not really man and woman.' Therefore there was no confusion or desire among them. They knew, 'We are all one.' Therefore they played without any inhibition. They did not know, by Hari's grace, who was who or what they were playing. They did not know what they ate or why they kept company. They did not know how this taste came to their mouths. They had no taste for anything else, yet no sense of modesty about it. They cared nothing for distinctions of caste or status. They held to whatever came, without any self-consciousness. They did not listen to outsiders' words. Hari was seated in their chitta and minds. Says Tuka, in those whose chittas Hari has entered, mothers and fathers are not even loved.

We ask forgiveness for any inaccuracies in rendering Tukaram ji’s original Marathi.

In Plain Words

Govinda the husband, Govinda the one who gives the bride: the names differ, but He is one and the same. They set two names on the one, and imagine in their minds a coming and going. They go and come between those make-believe homes, carrying provisions from one to the other. Looked at closely, all this going and coming is false; they show the people a lovely sight. The people live it as real; those women play it as make-believe. They make mock auspicious rites; in play one becomes the other's in-law. In-law, brother, kinsman, son-in-law, Hari is made all of them in every place. Whatever they do reaches the One alone: the rites, the wealth, the many offerings. All the offerings go to the one Narayana; in-law and brother are make-believe feeling. They made the whole household a pretense; they truly know that He is apart from it. They make everything out of clay, and the two play, man and woman. They set names of man and woman, and move about in playful delight. They move about as worldly people do in earnest, yet their joy is not like the world's. They know within themselves: this play is empty, we play it for nothing. We who play are not really woman and man; so there is no lust in them. They know we are all one; so they play without any fear. By Hari's grace they do not know who is who, or who plays what. They do not know what they eat or why they keep company; they do not know how this taste comes to their mouths. There is no taste in their mouths, yet no shame on their bodies; they hold no care for class or caste. If their minds feel any shyness, when people laugh they do not hear it. They do not let others' words into their ears; Hari is seated in their hearts and minds. In those whose hearts Hari has entered, mother and father are no longer dear. Their mothers and fathers call and take them away by force, but Hari stays in the mind. The children sit in their own homes, with the meditation of Govinda within. The meditation of Govinda, asleep or awake; they speak nothing else, nothing idle. Asleep, they speak nothing but Hari; waking and dream have become one. The children take this single joy always, as the bee goes for the fragrance. Just so He took their love in their own way. Tuka says: Hari, the child's play.

What it means

The children's game of pretend weddings becomes Tukaram's picture of a heart that sees through the whole world to the One. Every role they assign, husband, in-law, brother, son-in-law, is secretly filled by Hari alone, and every mock offering reaches Narayana; they perform the household earnestly outside while knowing inside it is play. Because they know they are all one and not really man and woman, the play carries no lust and no shame, and the laughter of onlookers cannot touch them. The deeper turn is that even the players forget who is who, swallowed in a single joy, so that waking and dream become one. Tukaram offers this as the model: like the bee drawn only to fragrance, give the world its outward forms but let the heart rest wholly in Hari, until even mother and father grow distant before that one love.

कृष्ण लीला

Krishna Leela

Poems celebrating Krishna's birth, childhood, and divine play.

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