Passage 1
सुकण्ठो नाम गोपालः सखा रामरहस्यवित्। कविवर्णनसारज्ञ उपतस्थे महीपतिम्॥१॥
The cowherd named Sukaṇṭha—Rāma's friend, a knower of his secrets, and an expert in the essence of poetic description—approached the king.
Passage 2
तं वै दशरथः प्रेम्णा समुपामन्त्र्य सज्जनम्। उवाच मधुरं वाक्यं श्रोतुकामः प्रभोर्गुणान्॥२॥
Daśaratha affectionately welcomed that good man and spoke sweetly, eager to hear the Lord's qualities. Daśaratha said:
Passage 3
अये सुकण्ठ सुमते नन्दितोऽस्मि चिरादहम्। सुखितेन व्रजेन्द्रेण वदता रामसद्गुणान्॥३॥
“Wise Sukaṇṭha, I have long been delighted by Sukhita, chief of Vraja, as he recounted Rāma's excellent qualities.
Passage 4
यानि कौमारवयसि चरित्राणि व्रजे सता। अनुष्ठितानि रामेण तानि मे सुखितोऽब्रवीत्॥४॥
“Sukhita told me the deeds that noble Rāma performed in Vraja during his boyhood.
Passage 5
कैशोरचरितं तस्य रहस्यं लोकपावनम्। वक्तुं त्वामादिशदसौ सत्कविं सत्सखं प्रभोः॥५॥
“He appointed you—a true poet and worthy friend of the Lord—to relate Rāma's confidential adolescent deeds, which purify the world.
Passage 6
रहस्यवेदी त्वमसि रामस्याद्भुतकर्मणः। कथयस्व गवांपाल तच्चरित्रं रमापतेः॥६॥
“You know the secrets of Rāma's marvelous acts. Cowherd, tell me those deeds of the Lord of Ramā.
Passage 7
यावदायाति सुखितः स्नात्वा नीत्वा च भोजनम्। तावद्विनोदयतु नो भवान् रामस्य सद्गुणैः॥७॥
“Until Sukhita returns after bathing and bringing the meal, please delight us with Rāma's excellent qualities.”
Passage 8
इत्युक्तो राजवर्येण सभृत्येन स गोपतिः। कैशोरचरितं वक्तुमारेभेऽस्य रहस्यवित्॥८॥
Thus addressed by the eminent king and his attendants, that cowherd, who knew Rāma's secrets, began to recount his adolescent deeds. Sukaṇṭha said:
Passage 9
शृणु भूपाल वक्ष्यामि त्वत्सुतस्यामलं यशः। व्रजे विहरतो राजन् रामस्याद्भुतकर्मणः॥९॥
“Earth-protector, listen as I tell the stainless glory of your son—of wonder-working Rāma as he sported in Vraja.
Passage 10
बाल्यं समतीयाय पित्रोरानन्दनं वयः। अथ कैशोरवयसि मोहयन् गोपकन्यकाः॥१०॥
“He passed beyond the childhood that had delighted his parents. Then, upon entering adolescence, he captivated the cowherd maidens.
Passage 11
अरीरमत लावण्यमाधुर्यरसवारिधिः। ऋतुषट्कमनोज्ञेऽस्मिन् प्रमोदविपिने रहः॥११॥
“An ocean of beauty, sweetness, and rasa, he sported secretly in this Pramoda forest, enchanting throughout all six seasons. Sahajā and her companions
Passage 12
अवर्तत चिरं रामो वार्तयन् मद्विधान् सखीन्। श्रीनन्दस्य गोपालराजस्य तनया च सा॥१२॥
“Rāma spent a long time conversing with friends like me. Meanwhile she, the daughter of glorious Nanda, king of the cowherds,
Passage 13
पालीग्रामे सखीवृन्दैः क्रीडति स्म दिवानिशम्। सापि कौमारमभ्येत्य कैशोरवयसि स्थिता॥१३॥
“played day and night with groups of companions in Pāligrāma. She too passed beyond childhood and entered adolescence.
Passage 14
श्रीरामगुणगानैकवश्याऽभूद् दिवानिशम्। सहजारामयोर्वृत्तमभिधास्यामि ते नृप॥१४॥
“Day and night she became wholly captivated by singing glorious Rāma's qualities. King, I shall relate to you the deeds of Sahajā and Rāma.
Passage 15
तत्र लौकिकरीत्या त्वं न भावं कर्तुमर्हसि। कामलीलापि राजेन्द्र निष्कामत्वकरी सताम्॥१५॥
“You must not understand this according to worldly conventions. Even their love-play, king, makes the holy free from desire.
Passage 16
इति विज्ञाय रहसि श्रोतुमर्हसि सादरम्। ऋषयः परमहंसाश्च गुणनिःसङ्गमानसाः॥१६॥
“Knowing this, you should listen reverently and in confidence. Sages and supreme renunciants whose minds are unattached to the guṇas listen
Passage 17
मयोच्यमानं शृण्वन्ति रामकैशोरसत्कथाम्। सहजानन्दिनी साक्षात्प्रमोदवनगा रमा॥१७॥
“to this sacred account of Rāma's adolescence as I speak it. Sahajānandinī, Ramā herself, who ranged through Pramoda forest,
Passage 18
रामं रमयितुं प्राप्ता श्रीनन्दननिकेतनम्। तत्र तस्याः सखीवृन्दं वक्ष्यामि तव भूपते॥१८॥
“came to glorious Nanda's dwelling to delight Rāma. Earth-protector, I shall now name her circle of companions.
Passage 19
याभिः सार्धं रमत्येषा शृण्वन्ती रामसत्कथाम्। श्यामा धामा मनोरामा रामा कामा कलावती॥१९॥
“She sports with them while listening to sacred accounts of Rāma: Śyāmā, Dhāmā, Manorāmā, Rāmā, Kāmā, and Kalāvatī.
Passage 20
सुकेशी मङ्गलेच्छौ तस्याः प्रियसखीवरौ। सुलोचना नाम तस्याः पृष्ठे श्रीच्छत्रधारिणी॥२०॥
“Sukeśī and Maṅgalecchā are her two foremost dear companions. Sulocanā stands behind her bearing the splendid parasol.
Passage 21
उभे चामरधारिण्यौ रमणी रामणी तथा। ताम्बूलिकापात्रकरा पुरःस्था रतिमञ्जरी॥२१॥
“Ramaṇī and Rāmaṇī are the two bearers of fly-whisks. Ratimañjarī stands in front holding the vessel for her betel service.
Passage 22
क्षीविका बन्धुरा चास्यास्ताम्बूलोद्गारधारिणी। केशप्रसाधनकरी कर्पूरलतिकाभिधा॥२२॥
“Kṣīvikā and Bandhurā attend to the receptacle for her discarded betel, while the companion named Karpūralatikā arranges her hair.
Passage 23
यावकालङ्कारकारी सुवर्णलतिकाभिधा। रामप्रेमभरोन्मत्ता पतत्येषा क्षणे क्षणे॥२३॥
“The one named Suvarṇalatikā applies her red-lac adornment. Overcome by the fullness of her love for Rāma, she collapses at every moment.
Passage 24
अवलम्बनदात्र्यस्याः सखी मोदा च मोदिनी। पद्माभिधा सखी चास्याः सरोभ्यः पद्महारिणी॥२४॥
“Her companions Modā and Modinī support her when she falls. Her companion named Padmā brings lotuses from the lakes.” Sahajā's attendants and teachers
Passage 25
पुष्पभूषाकरी चास्याः पुष्पवत्यभिधा सखी। अभ्यङ्गकारिणी चास्याः कुमुदा नाम तत्सखी॥२५॥
“Her companion named Puṣpavatī adorns her with flowers, and her companion named Kumudā massages her with fragrant unguents.
Passage 26
कुङ्कुमोपेतश्रीखण्डोद्वर्तनी मञ्जुलाह्वया। स्नानकर्मप्रवीणाश्च शृणु तस्याः सखीर्नृप॥२६॥
“The one named Mañjulā rubs her with fine sandal paste blended with saffron. King, now hear the companions skilled in attending her bath:
Passage 27
कमलेशी घोषवती गण्डक्यप्यघवारिणी। कौशिकी द्युतिका चैव वनघोषा त्विरावती॥२७॥
“Kamaleśī, Ghoṣavatī, sin-destroying Gaṇḍakī, Kauśikī, Dyutikā, Vanaghoṣā, and Irāvatī.
Passage 28
स्वयं लक्ष्मीश्च नवमी दशमी सरयूः स्वयम्। सखीवेशं समास्थाय सेवन्ते सहजां सदा॥२८॥
“Lakṣmī herself is the ninth and Sarayū herself the tenth. Assuming the forms of companions, they constantly serve Sahajā.
Passage 29
सरितश्चन्द्रवदना वशीकृतसुधोदकाः। चण्डवेगा सखी तस्या अङ्गप्रोक्षणकारिणी॥२९॥
“These rivers are moon-faced and command nectar-like waters. Her companion Caṇḍavegā sprinkles Sahajā's limbs.
Passage 30
माणिक्यहारिणी तस्याः केशधूपनकारिणी। हेमाङ्गदा चित्ररेखा कुङ्कुमा कुब्जिका तथा॥३०॥
“Maṇikyahāriṇī brings her jewels and tends the incense for her hair; Hemāṅgadā, Citralekhā, Kuṅkumā, and Kubjikā attend her as well.
Passage 31
चतस्रश्चतुराः सख्यो भूषाविधिविधायिकाः। रागिणी च सुरागा च मलया मलयावती॥३१॥
“Four clever companions arrange the different modes of her adornment: Rāgiṇī, Surāgā, Malayā, and Malayāvatī.
Passage 32
कुङ्कुमागुरुकस्तूरी अङ्गरागविधायिकाः। किशोरी कृशमध्या च सुमध्या च सुलोचना॥३२॥
“They apply saffron, agaru, musk, and other body fragrances. Kiśorī, Kṛśamadhyā, Sumadhyā, and Sulocanā
Passage 33
अपूर्ववसनविन्यासपण्डितास्तत्र वर्मणि। अनेकपत्ररचनाविचक्षणधियः सखीः॥३३॥
“are skilled in arranging novel garments upon her body. Other discerning companions are expert in drawing many varieties of decorative leaf-patterns:
Passage 34
रत्नाङ्गदा च सुहिता कुटिला कुटिलालका। आदर्शधारिणी तस्याश्चन्द्रबिम्बाह्वया सखी॥३४॥
“Ratnāṅgadā, Suhitā, Kuṭilā, and Kuṭilālakā. Her companion named Candrabimbā holds her mirror.
Passage 35
आः साधुवादिनी तस्याश्चित्तदेवी सखीवरा। कथाकथनचातुर्यवत्योऽस्याः कतिचित्सखीः॥३५॥
“Cittadevī, her foremost companion, exclaims, ‘Ah, excellent!’ Several of her other companions possess great skill in telling stories.
Passage 36
विचित्रचित्रलतिका सुमुखी च सुकण्ठिका। मानापहरणे दक्षा नर्मसख्यः सदा हिताः॥३६॥
“Vicitrā, Citralatikā, Sumukhī, and Sukaṇṭhikā are intimate companions, ever-helpful and adept at dispelling loving sulks.
Passage 37
सुदती शालिनी शीला सुशीला प्रेमपालिनी। शुकी च कोकिला रङ्गलहरी चक्रवाकिका॥३७॥
“Sudatī, Śālinī, Śīlā, Suśīlā, Premapālinī, Śukī, Kokilā, Raṅgalaharī, and Cakravākikā;
Passage 38
चञ्चला चञ्चलापाङ्गी वार्ताली वृत्तवेदिका। पादसंवाहिनी तस्याः कमला कोकिला कला॥३८॥
“Cañcalā, Cañcalāpāṅgī, Vārtālī, and Vṛttavedikā. Kamalā, Kokilā, and Kalā massage her feet.
Passage 39
सुकला मृदुहस्ता च सुखा च सरपालिका। विद्याधरी महाविद्या रङ्गविद्या च भारती॥३९॥
“Sukalā, Mṛduhastā, Sukhā, Sarapālikā, Vidyādharī, Mahāvidyā, Raṅgavidyā, and Bhāratī
Passage 40
काव्यशास्त्रकलाकोटिविशिक्षिका वै तदालयः। पानीयहारिणी तस्या जाह्नवी कमलावती॥४०॥
“are instructors in countless branches of poetry, learning, and art within her household. Jāhnavī and Kamalāvatī bring her water.
Passage 41
रागविद्याविधौ तस्या गुरुः साक्षात्सरस्वती। तस्या भोजनदायिन्यः सख्यः कमललोचनाः॥४१॥
“Sarasvatī herself is her teacher in the science of melody. Her lotus-eyed companions who serve her meals are
Passage 42
अमृता च सुधाधारा पीयूषा रत्नपालिका। सुपाचिका स्वादुपचा सुपक्वाद्याः शुभालयः॥४२॥
“Amṛtā, Sudhādhārā, Pīyūṣā, Ratnapālikā, Supācikā, Svādupacā, Supakvā, and other auspicious attendants.
Passage 43
वनेभ्यः फलदात्र्योऽस्याः फलदा फलदायिनी। सुफला फलिनी चैव हरिता पीतवर्णिका॥४३॥
“The companions who bring her fruit from the forests are Phaladā, Phaladāyinī, Suphalā, Phalinī, Haritā, and Pītavarṇikā;
Passage 44
मञ्जुगुच्छा स्तवकिनी रत्नवल्लीमुखालयः। सहकेलिविनोदिन्यः पूर्वमष्टौ निवेदिताः॥४४॥
“Mañjugucchā, Stavakinī, Ratnavallī, and others. These previously named companions delight her during their shared play.
Passage 45
उपवीणनकृतस्तस्याः प्रवीणा भाणिकादयः। प्रवीणा भाणिका चैव सुस्वरा कोकिलस्वरा॥४५॥
“Those who accompany her upon the vīṇā include Pravīṇā and Bhāṇikā—Pravīṇā, Bhāṇikā, Susvarā, and Kokilasvarā.
Passage 46
कलाविन्द्री कलालापा सुलापा सुलयादयः। मार्दङ्गिक्यः सखीवर्याः सुभगा मृदुहस्तिका॥४६॥
“Kalāvindrī, Kalālāpā, Sulāpā, Sulayā, and the others are her finest mṛdaṅga-playing companions, including Subhagā and Mṛduhastikā.
Passage 47
गम्भीरावर्तिनी धीरा सुधीरा पटिमादयः। नाट्यविद्यागुरुस्तस्या मन्दगा राजहंसिका॥४७॥
“Gambhīrāvartinī, Dhīrā, Sudhīrā, Paṭimā, and the others attend her; Mandagā Rājahaṃsikā is her teacher in the art of dance.
Passage 48
कलापिनी कलापूर्णा कलहंसी कलावती। सङ्गीतविद्याविषये गुरवोऽस्याः सखीवराः॥४८॥
“Kalāpinī, Kalāpūrṇā, Kalahaṃsī, and Kalāvatī are her foremost companion- teachers in the discipline of music.
Passage 49
रङ्गलेखा नृत्यलेखा सुलेखा लोलभाषिणी। काव्यालापकलाविद्यागुरवोऽस्याः कलेश्वरी॥४९॥
“Raṅgalekhā, Nṛtyalekhā, Sulekhā, Lolabhāṣiṇī, and Kaleśvarī are her teachers in the art and learning of poetic conversation.
Passage 50
एवमस्याः सखीवृन्दः शुभः शुभगुणालयः। अन्या लोकोत्तरानन्ददायिकास्तत्सखीवराः॥५०॥
“Such is her auspicious circle of companions, a dwelling place of noble qualities. Her other foremost friends likewise bestow joy beyond this world.” Further circles of companions
Passage 51
यासां नामानि धामानि कर्माणि च शुभानि वै। ललिता रत्नपूर्णा च सुपूर्णा कनकावती॥५१॥
“Their names, abodes, and duties are all auspicious: Lalitā, Ratnapūrṇā, Supūrṇā, and Kanakāvatī;
Passage 52
चित्राङ्गदा कलापूर्णा स्वादुलापा ललामिनी। सुभाला शेवधिर्भृङ्गी शुभाङ्गी सुभगा भगा॥५२॥
“Citrāṅgadā, Kalāpūrṇā, Svādulāpā, Lalāminī, Subhālā, Śevadhi, Bhṛṅgī, Śubhāṅgī, Subhagā, and Bhagā;
Passage 53
किशोरी कलगाना च कुलिका षोडश स्त्रियः। अष्टानां पार्श्वगामिन्यो रमण्यो हरिणीदृशः॥५३॥
“Kiśorī, Kalagānā, and Kulikā—sixteen women in all. These lovely, doe-eyed companions walk beside the previous eight.
Passage 54
यासां गुणानहं वक्तुं न क्षमः कोटिवत्सरैः। कर्पूरिणी रत्नपुरा लवङ्गी नवलीलता॥५४॥
“I could not describe their qualities even in ten million years: Karpūriṇī, Ratnapurā, Lavaṅgī, and Navalīlatā;
Passage 55
सुलता चञ्जुलदला मञ्जरी रत्नमञ्जरी। सुमञ्जरी मञ्जुगमा सुगमा षोडशान्विताः॥५५॥
“Sulatā, Cañjuladalā, Mañjarī, Ratnamañjarī, Sumañjarī, Mañjugamā, and Sugamā, completing their group of sixteen.
Passage 56
कुमुदाक्षी कुमुदिनी साधुवादा विशारदा। शारदा शरदाभोगा स्मरचापा विलासिनी॥५६॥
“Kumudākṣī, Kumudinī, Sādhuvādā, Viśāradā, Śāradā, Śaradābhogā, Smaracāpā, and Vilāsinī;
Passage 57
कन्दर्पा दलिनी दामा सुदामा दामदायिनी। कलहंसी राजहंसी रत्नलीला लयावती॥५७॥
“Kandarpā, Dalinī, Dāmā, Sudāmā, Dāmadāyinī, Kalahaṃsī, Rājahaṃsī, Ratnalīlā, and Layāvatī;
Passage 58
लुलिता लोलिनी लोला सुलोला लोललोचना। एता द्वात्रिंशदाख्याता षोडशानां च पार्श्वगाः॥५८॥
“Lulitā, Lolinī, Lolā, Sulolā, and Lolalocanā. These thirty-two companions have been named; they attend at the sides of the sixteen.
Passage 59
सर्वा रूपगुणोत्कर्षयौवनोद्भेदभासुराः। क्षेमदा रत्नकलशी कुशला कमलेक्षणा॥५९॥
“All shine with supreme beauty and qualities as their youth unfolds: Kṣemadā, Ratnakalaśī, Kuśalā, and Kamalekṣaṇā;
Passage 60
तरङ्गिणी सेवलिनी वलिता वेल्लिता सुधा। वसुधा सुधाधामा च सुधामा धामधारिणी॥६०॥
“Taraṅgiṇī, Sevalinī, Valitā, Vellitā, Sudhā, Vasudhā, Sudhādhāmā, Sudhāmā, and Dhāmadhāriṇī;
Passage 61
धरिणी धारिणी धारा रत्नधारा स्मरातुरा। अनङ्गवेगिनी वेगा विलासा विततिस्ततिः॥६१॥
“Dhariṇī, Dhāriṇī, Dhārā, Ratnadhārā, Smarāturā, Anaṅgaveginī, Vegā, Vilāsā, Vitati, and Tati;
Passage 62
क्षणप्रभा सुधा मेघा शोभना बहुलाकुला। कृशोल्बा पुलकिनी पुलका किलकिञ्चिता॥६२॥
“Kṣaṇaprabhā, Sudhā, Meghā, Śobhanā, Bahulākulā, Kṛśolbā, Pulakinī, Pulakā, and Kilakiñcitā;
Passage 63
भाविनी भावदा भव्या सुभव्या शुभवेगिनी। सुभावा भावमुदिता पद्मास्या पद्मकोमला॥६३॥
“Bhāvinī, Bhāvadā, Bhavyā, Subhavyā, Śubhaveginī, Subhāvā, Bhāvamuditā, Padmāsyā, and Padmakomalā;
Passage 64
कलानिधिः कोरकिणी कलाशीला शिलावती। मणिगर्भा हेमगर्भा चम्पकाङ्गी कुमुद्वती॥६४॥
“Kalānidhi, Korakiṇī, Kalāśīlā, Śilāvatī, Maṇigarbhā, Hemagarbhā, Campakāṅgī, and Kumudvatī;
Passage 65
मयूरी भानिनी माना धन्यकालोकिनी लया। लज्जिता विजिता जैत्रा सुजैत्रा चारुहासिनी॥६५॥
“Mayūrī, Bhāninī, Mānā, Dhanyakālokinī, Layā, Lajjitā, Vijitā, Jaitrā, Sujaitrā, and Cāruhāsinī;
Passage 66
लासिनी लसिता लीला लीलावत्यतिसुन्दरी। चतुःषष्टिरिमाः सख्यो द्वात्रिंशत्पार्श्ववर्तिकाः॥६६॥
“Lāsinī, Lasitā, Līlā, Līlāvatī, and Atisundarī. These are sixty-four companions, thirty-two attending upon either side.
Passage 67
तासां रूपं गुणं शीलं न ब्रह्मापि क्षमो भवेत्। अनङ्गमालिनी माला रत्नमाला रतिप्रिया॥६७॥
“Even Brahmā could not adequately describe their beauty, qualities, and character: Anaṅgamālinī, Mālā, Ratnamālā, and Ratipriyā;
Passage 68
रमावती रामरता रतिबिम्बा रसालया। माधवी मधुपुष्पा च सुपुष्पा सुखपल्लवा॥६८॥
“Ramāvatī, Rāmaratā, Ratibimbā, Rasālayā, Mādhavī, Madhupuṣpā, Supuṣpā, and Sukhapallavā;
Passage 69
फलिनी पुष्पिणी वाणा पुष्पवाणविमोहिनी। दोहिनी क्षोभिणी क्षेमा क्षेमदा प्रेमदा मदा॥६९॥
“Phalinī, Puṣpiṇī, Vāṇā, Puṣpavāṇavimohinī, Dohinī, Kṣobhiṇī, Kṣemā, Kṣemadā, Premadā, and Madā;
Passage 70
प्रमदा सुमदा मत्ता समत्ता मत्तवारणा। हारिणी हीरकोद्योता विद्योता विद्युता धृतिः॥७०॥
“Pramadā, Sumadā, Mattā, Samattā, Mattavāraṇā, Hāriṇī, Hīrakodyotā, Vidyotā, Vidyutā, and Dhṛti;
Passage 71
धर्मा सुधर्मा सौरभ्या सुकर्मा कलिकावती। रत्नाङ्कुरा रत्नदला रत्नमाला च रत्नभा॥७१॥
“Dharmā, Sudharmā, Saurabhyā, Sukarmā, Kalikāvatī, Ratnāṅkurā, Ratnadalā, Ratnamālā, and Ratnabhā;
Passage 72
केलिनी कामिनी कान्ता सुकान्ता काममन्दिरा। मदिरा दीपिनी दीपा प्रदीपा दीपपालिका॥७२॥
“Kelinī, Kāminī, Kāntā, Sukāntā, Kāmamandirā, Madirā, Dīpinī, Dīpā, Pradīpā, and Dīpapālikā;
Passage 73
सुपाली कुलभद्रा च सुभद्रा चाथ भद्रिका। कन्दर्पकुल्या कल्याणी सुकेतुः सुनिकेतना॥७३॥
“Supālī, Kulabhadrā, Subhadrā, Bhadrikā, Kandarpakulyā, Kalyāṇī, Suketu, and Suniketanā;
Passage 74
संकेतिनी सुखवती मोदिनी च प्रमोदिनी। प्रेमोदया शुभगुणा सुगुणा गुणदायिनी॥७४॥
“Saṅketinī, Sukhavatī, Modinī, Pramodinī, Premodayā, Śubhaguṇā, Suguṇā, and Guṇadāyinī;
Passage 75
वल्लरी मणिवल्ली च शुभवल्ली विचक्षणा। सुलक्षणा दक्षिणा दक्षा सुदक्षा दक्षपालिका॥७५॥
“Vallarī, Maṇivallī, Śubhavallī, Vicakṣaṇā, Sulakṣaṇā, Dakṣiṇā, Dakṣā, Sudakṣā, and Dakṣapālikā;
Passage 76
धन्या धरा धृतिमती मदिनी मादिनी मुदा। विदन्ती संविदन्ती च रत्नदन्ती महोदया॥७६॥
“Dhanyā, Dharā, Dhṛtimatī, Madinī, Mādinī, Mudā, Vidantī, Saṃvidantī, Ratnadantī, and Mahodayā.” The companion circles expand
Passage 77
वल्गिनी रत्नवल्गा च वल्गुभाषा सुभाषिणी। उक्तिः सूक्तिर्महासूक्तिः प्रेमसूक्तिः समेखला॥७७॥
“Valginī, Ratnavalgā, Valgubhāṣā, Subhāṣiṇī, Ukti, Sūkti, Mahāsūkti, Premasūkti, and Samekhalā;
Passage 78
मुकुरा मुकुरालोका सुलोका लोकभाविनी। सुताना च सुगीता च तोषिणी रसरोषिणी॥७८॥
“Mukurā, Mukurālokā, Sulokā, Lokabhāvinī, Sutānā, Sugītā, Toṣiṇī, and Rasaroṣiṇī;
Passage 79
पुष्टिदा रत्नवर्षा च सुधावर्षा सुखप्रदा। कामिनी भामिनी भामा सुभामा लासकेलिनी॥७९॥
“Puṣṭidā, Ratnavarṣā, Sudhāvarṣā, Sukhapradā, Kāminī, Bhāminī, Bhāmā, Subhāmā, and Lāsakelinī;
Passage 80
मञ्जुस्मिता मञ्जुदर्शा मालती स्वर्णमालती। सुवर्णमञ्जरी भव्यमञ्जरी मधुमञ्जरी॥८०॥
“Mañjusmitā, Mañjudarśā, Mālatī, Svarṇamālatī, Suvarṇamañjarī, Bhavyamañjarī, and Madhumañjarī;
Passage 81
खञ्जनाक्षी चकोराक्षी पद्माक्षी पद्मसौरभा। कामकेशी प्रमदिनी मन्मथा मधुमन्मथा॥८१॥
“Khañjanākṣī, Cakorākṣī, Padmākṣī, Padmasaurabhā, Kāmakośī, Pramadinī, Manmathā, and Madhumanmathā.
Passage 82
अध्यष्टविंशतिशतमेताः सख्योऽम्बुजेक्षणाः। चतुःषष्ट्यालिपार्श्वस्थाः सर्वाः शुभगुणोदयाः॥८२॥
“These are one hundred and twenty-eight lotus-eyed companions, all radiant with noble qualities, sixty-four stationed at either side of their friend.
Passage 83
आसां नामानि कर्माणि सहजानामकर्मवत्। गीतानि सुकृतिश्रेष्ठैः पावनानि मनीषिणाम्॥८३॥
“Their names and deeds, like Sahajā's own names and deeds, are sung by the foremost pious souls and purify the wise.
Passage 84
अतोऽपि द्विगुणं चान्यन्मण्डलं हरिणीदृशाम्। यासां राजन् षडधिकं भाति सार्धं शतद्वयम्॥८४॥
“Beyond them shines another circle twice as large: king, two hundred and fifty-six doe-eyed maidens.
Passage 85
ततोऽपि द्विगुणं चान्यन्मण्डलं पद्मचक्षुषाम्। भाति पञ्चशती यासां द्वादशाधिकसङ्ख्यया॥८५॥
“Beyond them another doubled circle shines, numbering five hundred and twelve lotus-eyed maidens.
Passage 86
चतुर्विंशत्यधिकया सहस्रं सद्ध्वया ततः। ततः सहस्राण्ययुतं नियुतं प्रयुतं तथा॥८६॥
“Then comes a company of one thousand and twenty-four, followed by companies numbering thousands, ten-thousands, hundred-thousands, and millions.
Passage 87
लक्षकोट्यर्बुदाः खर्वनिखर्वपद्मसङ्घकाः। सख्यः श्रीसहजादेव्या भासन्ते भुवनोत्तराः॥८७॥
“Glorious Sahajā Devī's transcendent companions shine in companies measured by lakhs, crores, arbudas, kharvas, nikharvas, and padmas.
Passage 88
पालीग्राममहारत्नसमुद्रमणिसन्निभाः। तासां मध्ये कोटिचन्द्रचन्द्रिकाचारुविग्रहा॥८८॥
“They resemble gems in the vast jeweled ocean of Pāligrāma. Amid them stands one whose lovely form possesses the radiance of ten million moons:
Passage 89
चन्द्रावली च चन्द्राभा भाति श्रीसहजाह्वया। सैकदा सायं समये सन्ध्यादेवीं समर्चितुम्॥८९॥
“the moon-radiant one called glorious Sahajā, who shines like a garland of moons. One evening she set out to worship the goddess Sandhyā. Sahajā enters Pramoda forest
Passage 90
आययौ रत्नचार्वङ्गी प्रमोदवनमन्तरा। सखीभिश्चञ्चलाभाभिः सहिता मुदिताशया॥९०॥
The jewel-like, lovely-limbed maiden entered Pramoda forest, accompanied by companions of dancing radiance, her heart filled with joy.
Passage 91
चकासन्ती चकोराक्षी चञ्चला व्यचलद् गृहात्। हसन्ती हासयन्ती च कुर्वती केलिमद्भुताम्। अदीपयद्वनं देवी देहकान्त्या शुचिस्मिता॥९१॥
Restless and shining, the cakora-eyed maiden left her home, laughing, making her friends laugh, and staging marvelous play. With her bodily splendor, the brightly smiling goddess illuminated the forest.
Passage 92
चमत्कुर्वती चञ्चलापाङ्गमोक्षैश्चकोरावलीनां मनः कर्षतीव। सरोजावलीं मुद्रयन्ती मुखेन्दुप्रकाशेन कोटीन्दुभासा स्वभासा॥९२॥
She filled all with wonder and seemed to draw the minds of the cakora flocks by releasing her restless sidelong glances. The light of her moon-like face, equal to ten million moons, made rows of lotuses close.
Passage 93
ननु व्यरचि सा वधूरिह सुमेधसा वशी- करणवस्तुभिस्तुहिनसीकरक्षालिता। विलोचनसुखावहावयवशालिनी यन्मनो जहार हृदि सङ्गता सकलमङ्गतापं च या॥९३॥
Surely a wise creator fashioned that maiden from the very substances of enchantment, washed in drops of dew. Her every limb delighted the eyes; once she entered the heart, she stole the mind and removed every bodily anguish.
Passage 94
कलानिधिकलाहासकोटिचान्द्रीमनोहरा। चकोरकुलचातुर्यन्यक्कारकविलोचना॥९४॥
Her smile held the charm of countless moonbeams from the treasury of lunar arts, and her eyes put the celebrated skill of cakora flocks to shame.
Passage 95
सुवर्णलतिकागुच्छसमुच्छलदुरोजभाः। सुवर्णकदलीगर्भगर्वहृज्जघनप्रभा॥९५॥
Her breasts shone like swelling clusters upon golden vines, while the splendor of her hips humbled the proud inner trunk of a golden plantain.
Passage 96
नवकोकनदाकारचरणस्पर्शकारिणी। पीयूषवर्षिणी कान्तिपटलेन महीयसा॥९६॥
Her feet took the form of newly opened red lotuses; with the magnificent expanse of her radiance, she showered nectar upon all she touched.
Passage 97
सिञ्जानचञ्चरीकौघमञ्जुलालापमेखला। सुधातरङ्गिण्यावर्तगम्भीरोद्भासिनाभिका॥९७॥
Her girdle's lovely ringing resembled the humming of a swarm of bees, and her deep, luminous navel appeared like a whirlpool in a river of nectar.
Passage 98
त्रिवलीतरङ्गतुलितोदरी रसाधिपनिर्झरी रुचिररोमराजिका। रतिमञ्जरीस्तवकसन्निभस्तनी चपलखञ्जरीटयुगललोललोचना॥९८॥
The three folds of her abdomen resembled waves; her lovely line of hair was a cascade belonging to the lord of rasa. Her breasts resembled a cluster of love-blossoms, and her restless eyes a darting pair of wagtails.
Passage 99
पुंस्कोकिलालापकलाकलापविजैत्रकण्ठोदितमङ्गलस्वरा। बिम्बाधरस्थानसुधासमूहसुस्वादुसूक्तिश्रवमञ्जुभाषा॥९९॥
The auspicious tones rising from her throat surpassed the whole art of the male cuckoo's song. Her lovely speech was sweet to hear, a graceful utterance formed from the nectar gathered at her bimba-fruit lips.
Passage 100
शरत्सुधारश्मिसहस्रकोटिमुखच्छविव्याप्तवनान्तदेशा। शृङ्गारगम्भीरजलाशयौघशैवालवल्लोललितालकान्ता॥१००॥
Her face's radiance, like billions of autumn moonbeams, filled the forest's interior. Her lovely curling locks rippled like delicate water-plants upon the deep lakes of divine love.
Passage 101
ललामभालस्थलभासमानकस्तूरिकाबिन्दुविराजिभाग्या। अत्यर्थरूपोदयिसर्वकालवर्द्धिष्णुतारुण्यविशेषलक्ष्मीः॥१०१॥
A shining musk-drop adorned her splendid forehead. Her exceptional youthful beauty arose in extraordinary fullness and increased at every moment. Sahajā's beauty and arrival
Passage 102
भ्रुवोर्मनोभूधनुषा समानयोः प्रयुज्य दृग्बाणमनल्पविक्रमम्। विदारयन्ती रसिकेन्द्रमानसं लावण्यदेशाध्वरहस्यचारिणी॥१०२॥
Her two brows resembled the bows of Love. Releasing the mighty arrows of her glances, that initiate into beauty's most secret rite pierced the heart of the lord of rasikas.
Passage 103
सर्वानवद्याचरिता विचित्रता गुणाम्बुधिश्चक्षुचकोरचन्द्रिका। अनर्घ्यरत्नोत्करभासुरच्छविप्रसङ्गकान्तिप्रकरप्रसारिणी॥१०३॥
Faultless in every act, marvelous, and an ocean of virtues, she was moonlight to the cakora birds of the eyes. Her radiance spread like the flashing splendor of a heap of priceless gems.
Passage 104
तादृग्विधाभिर्वलिताजुभालिभिर्ललामलोलाकृतिभिः समन्ततः। शिञ्जानमञ्जीरकराजहंसकध्वनिप्रसर्पच्चरणा समाययौ॥१०४॥
Surrounded on every side by graceful companions of equally lovely, playful form, she approached. Her moving feet released the royal-swan music of ringing anklets.
Passage 105
कुसुमितमखिलं निरीक्ष्य देवी प्रमुदवने सहजेश्वरी प्रसन्ना। सदृशतमवयोभिरालिभिः सा हृदयमचीकरदात्मना विहर्तुम्॥१०५॥
Seeing all of Pramoda forest in bloom, Sahajeśvarī was delighted. With her companions of the same tender age, she resolved in her heart to sport freely. The Great Play Bower
Passage 106
तस्मिन् वने महत्केलिकुञ्जाह्वं कुञ्जमुत्तमम्। पत्रपुष्पफलोपेतलतावृक्षौघमण्डितम्॥१०६॥
In that forest stood the supreme bower called the Great Play Bower, adorned with masses of vines and trees laden with leaves, flowers, and fruit.
Passage 107
समीरलहरीलोललुलत्पल्लवशोभितम्। अशोकादितरुस्तोममञ्जरीपुञ्जमञ्जुलम्॥१०७॥
Its tender leaves swayed beautifully in waves of breeze, and clusters of blossoming aśoka and other trees made it lovely.
Passage 108
केतकीकाननोद्धूतधूलिधोरणिधूसरम्। उत्फुल्लकेतकामोदमायन्मदनमन्दिरम्॥१०८॥
Pollen-streams rising from the ketakī grove dusted it pale, while the fragrance of fully opened ketakī flowers transformed it into Love's temple.
Passage 109
मालतीमुकुलोन्मीलन्मिलन्मधुकराञ्चितम्। मल्लिकाकुसुमोद्गारिमधुनिर्झरसौरभम्॥१०९॥
Bees gathered as mālatī buds opened, and cascades of honey issuing from jasmine flowers filled it with fragrance.
Passage 110
उत्फुल्लकुन्दसन्दोहविशदीभूतमन्तरा। सहजादर्शनोद्भूतसखेमन्दं हसत्किमु॥११०॥
Its interior shone white with masses of blooming kunda flowers, as though it smiled gently in the joy arising from the sight of Sahajā.
Passage 111
अतिमुक्ताद्यपुष्पौघसौरभ्यसुरभीकृतम्। रसालमञ्जरीपुञ्जरजसाञ्चितदिक्तटम्॥१११॥
The fragrance of atimukta and other flowers made it aromatic, while pollen from clusters of mango blossoms covered every horizon.
Passage 112
कर्णिकारकुसुमोद्भासिशोणितानङ्गमण्डपम्। मालिकापुष्पसन्दोहविकाशविमलीकृतम्॥११२॥
Karṇikāra flowers illuminated the crimson pavilion of Love, and opening clusters of mālikā blossoms made it spotless.
Passage 113
स्थलपद्मसमुल्लासवन्दिताहितषट्पदम्। कल्हारवनसौभाग्यस्फुरद्दिव्यसरोवरम्॥११३॥
Bees paid homage to the splendor of its land-lotuses, while a divine lake shone with the beauty of a water-lily grove.
Passage 114
पद्मबन्धुमहाबन्धुबन्धूककुसुमाकुलम्। सेवन्तिकापरिमलसमाच्छन्नदिगन्तरम्॥११४॥
It abounded in bandhūka flowers, great friends of the lotus's friend, the sun; sevantika fragrance covered every quarter.
Passage 115
दाडिमीकुसुमोल्लासलौहित्यभरशोभितम्। धाराकदम्बविटपविकसत्कुसुमोत्करम्॥११५॥
It glowed with the deep redness of pomegranate blossoms and with masses of flowers opening upon the branches of dhārā-kadamba trees.
Passage 116
लवङ्गलतिकामोदप्रमोदितषडङ्घ्रिकम्। माधवीमधुरोल्लासिपुष्पस्राविमधूदकरम्॥११६॥
Clove-vine fragrance delighted the six-footed bees, while the sweetly blossoming mādhavī vines poured streams of honey.
Passage 117
तमालकलिकाजालविशालसुषमाञ्चितम्। मधूकपल्लवरुचिप्रचयाञ्चितसौभगम्॥११७॥
Vast beauty arose from networks of tamāla buds, and masses of radiant madhūka leaves increased its loveliness.
Passage 118
वकुलद्रुमविस्तीर्णप्रसूनकुलमण्डितम्। माधवीवल्लरीवृन्दविकसत्पुष्पवृद्धिमत्॥११८॥
Expansive bakula trees covered it with hosts of blossoms, and blooming flowers multiplied upon groves of mādhavī vines.
Passage 119
उद्गच्छल्लतिकाकान्तास्तनमण्डलसङ्गते। मत्तालिचूचुकव्राते प्रस्खलद्युवमानसम्॥११९॥
The rising vines resembled a beloved woman's breasts, their clusters of intoxicated bees like dark nipples, causing youthful minds to falter.
Passage 120
पुन्नागकुसुमोद्गारिसौरभ्यभरमादनम्। यूथिकामण्डपाकाण्डप्रसूनभरशोभितम्॥१२०॥
The powerful fragrance issuing from punnāga flowers intoxicated the bower, and heavy blossoms beautified every part of its yūthikā pavilions.
Passage 121
काञ्चनारप्रसूनस्थरूपमोहितमानसम्। शाखाभुजगृहीतोदयद्वल्लीसौभाग्यसूचकम्॥१२१॥
The beauty abiding in kāñcanāra blossoms enchanted the mind. Branch-like arms embraced rising vines, proclaiming their good fortune.
Passage 122
जपाकुसुमसौरूप्यमण्डिताशेषमण्डपम्। फुल्लकुरवकस्तोमझङ्कारिभ्रमरावृतम्॥१२२॥
The beauty of hibiscus flowers adorned every pavilion, and humming bees surrounded masses of blooming kuravaka.
Passage 123
कुरण्टकवनोल्लासमहाशोभानिकेतनम्। बाणाकुसुमसन्दोहसमुल्लासमनोहरम्॥१२३॥
It was an abode of great splendor arising from kurantaka groves, enchanting with radiant masses of bāṇa flowers.
Passage 124
चण्डातिकुसुमोद्योतिरूपमाञ्जुल्यमादनम्। सदा मरुवकोत्कर्षसौरभोद्गारमोदनम्॥१२४॥
The shining beauty of caṇḍātī flowers intoxicated the beholder, while the surpassing fragrance of maruvaka continually gave delight.
Passage 125
नानाप्रतानिनीवृन्दसमाक्रान्तमहोरुहम्। ललत्किशलयच्छन्ननागपुङ्गवचम्पकम्॥१२५॥
Many spreading vines climbed its great trees. Campaka trees, majestic as lordly elephants, were covered in trembling new leaves.
Passage 126
चाम्पेयकुसुमोल्लासस्वर्णधाराभिषेकवत्। पाटलीपटलच्छन्नशाखाशतमनोहरम्॥१२६॥
The brilliance of campaka blossoms appeared like a bath in streams of gold, and hundreds of branches veiled in layers of pāṭalī flowers delighted the mind.
Passage 127
सप्तपर्णपरिमलं प्रमत्तवनवारणम्। वरणद्रुमभूयिष्ठं मन्दारतरुवेष्टितम्॥१२७॥
Saptaparṇa fragrance intoxicated the forest's elephants; varaṇa trees grew there in abundance, encircled by heavenly mandāra trees. The companions play in the forest
Passage 128
आम्रातकद्रुमाक्रान्तं फुल्लकिंशुकभूरुहम्। मालूरविटपाक्रान्तफलसन्दोहसुन्दरम्॥१२८॥
The bower was filled with āmrataka trees and great trees of blossoming kiṃśuka, while the branches of mālūra trees bent beneath beautiful clusters of fruit.
Passage 129
कुम्भवृक्षप्रतिच्छन्नमहातिमिरसङ्कुलम्। प्रियङ्गुकलिकावृन्दमनोहारि समन्ततः॥१२९॥
Kumbha trees enclosed it in profound shade, and clusters of priyaṅgu buds delighted the mind on every side.
Passage 130
मध्ये प्रमोदविपिनं महागह्वररूपधृक्। विवेश सहजानन्दा सखीवृन्दसमन्विता॥१३०॥
Sahajānandā, accompanied by her circle of companions, entered the heart of Pramoda forest, which took the form of a vast, secluded depth.
Passage 131
नवतारुण्यलीलाभिर्वेल्लन्त्यः सहजालयः। चिक्रीडुस्तत्र विपिने करतालपुरःसरम्॥१३१॥
Sahajā's companions, overflowing with the play of fresh youth, sported there in the forest, leading their games with rhythmic clapping.
Passage 132
मञ्जीरस्फुरितानन्दनादयन्त्योऽखिलां दिशः। वीणामधुरवादिन्यो विजह्रुर्मत्तमत्तवत्॥१३२॥
They filled every quarter with the joyous resonance of flashing anklets. Playing sweetly upon vīṇās, they reveled like the utterly intoxicated.
Passage 133
अवचीय प्रसूनानि लताभ्यः काश्चनालयः। विदधुर्भूषणं स्वाङ्गे रतिनिर्जयकारकाः॥१३३॥
Some companions gathered flowers from the vines and fashioned ornaments for their own limbs, making themselves capable of vanquishing Rati herself.
Passage 134
काश्चिज्जुगुम्फुः कुसुमैर्हारान् मध्ये फलाञ्चितान्। काश्चित्कुलपुष्पेण नासिकाभरणं दधुः॥१३४॥
Some wove flower garlands studded with fruit at their centers; others made flowers into ornaments for their noses.
Passage 135
वलयाङ्गदताटङ्कशिरोभूषाश्च काश्चन। काश्चिद्विजह्रिरे सख्यः प्रसूनकृतकन्दुकैः॥१३५॥
Some fashioned bracelets, armlets, earrings, and head ornaments. Other companions played with balls made of flowers.
Passage 136
काश्चिदुच्छालयन्ति स्म गगने कुसुमान्यलम्। काश्चित्परस्परं जघ्नुः प्रसूनैः कमलैरपि॥१३६॥
Some tossed flowers high into the sky, while others playfully struck one another with blossoms and lotuses.
Passage 137
काश्चित्सर्वाङ्गभूषौघं विहृत्य विदधुर्वने। काश्चित्करैः करान् बद्ध्वा ननृतुर्गीतपूर्वकम्॥१३७॥
Some roamed the forest after adorning every limb; others joined hand to hand and danced as their companions sang.
Passage 138
तासां काञ्चीनिनादेन मोहनेन महीयसा। मत्तभ्रमरझङ्कारनिनदोऽभूत्तिरोहितः॥१३८॥
The magnificent, enchanting music of their girdles completely drowned the humming of intoxicated bees.
Passage 139
कोमलालापलालित्यं तासां दृष्ट्वा वनान्तरे। कोकिला मौनमातेनुर्निन्दन्त्येव स्वकाकलीम्॥१३९॥
Hearing the graceful softness of their speech within the forest, the cuckoos fell silent, as though ashamed of their own song.
Passage 140
ताः सर्वाः सहजानन्दां कुसुमैः पर्यभूषयन्। प्रमोदवनदेवीव सा रेजे नितरां तदा॥१४०॥
They all adorned Sahajānandā with flowers. She then shone supremely, like the very goddess of Pramoda forest.
Passage 141
ताभिर्भूषितालीभिः सहजा सुखदायिनी। पुष्पचापं करे कृत्वा मदनं समभर्त्सयत्॥१४१॥
Surrounded by those ornamented companions, bliss-giving Sahajā took a flower bow in her hand and challenged the god of Love. Rāma watches in concealment
Passage 142
तासां विहारं समचष्ट रामो मञ्जीरभूषानिनदानुघोषैः। लतान्तरे प्रावृतसर्वकायो द्वित्रै रहस्यैः सखिभिः समेतः॥१४२॥
Rāma watched their play, accompanied by two or three trusted friends and concealing his whole body among the vines, while the echoes of anklets and ornaments resounded.
Passage 143
तां रोचमानां तडितां समूहे तडिद्गणेशीमिव वीक्ष्य रामः। अमूर्च्छदत्यन्तमनोहरैस्तत्कटाक्षवाणैर्हृदि पीड्यमानः॥१४३॥
Seeing her shine amid that gathering like the sovereign lightning-flash among a host of lightning, Rāma fainted, pierced in the heart by the overwhelmingly beautiful arrows of her sidelong glances.
Passage 144
शिखावलेरावतमेघवर्णमुच्चैस्तदासौ सखिभिर्गृहीतः। सिक्तः पयोभिः सहजाविहारकुण्डोद्भवैश्चेतनतामवाप॥१४४॥
His peacock-and-raincloud-dark body was then caught and held up by his friends. Sprinkled with water from Sahajā's play-pool, he regained consciousness.
Passage 145
पुनः स चैतन्यमवाप्य रामो ददर्श तस्या वदनेन्दुबिम्बम्। रुचां समूहैरमृतैरिवान्तः सिञ्चन्तमात्मीयचकोरनेत्रे॥१४५॥
Once fully conscious, Rāma beheld the moon-disc of her face, whose streams of radiance bathed his cakora-like eyes inwardly as though with nectar.
Passage 146
तदधरमधुरश्रीवीक्षणोद्भूतकाम- ज्वरशमनमुपायं केवलं तद्विदित्वा। चतुरिमनिधिरालीवेशमङ्गीचकार स्वजनसखिसमूहं द्राक्समुज्झाञ्चकार॥१४६॥
Knowing that only the sweet splendor of her lips could cure the fever of desire awakened by seeing her, that treasury of cleverness assumed the dress of a maiden-companion and immediately left his own circle of male friends. Printed final passage
Passage 174
काचिन्नीलमणिप्रभा नवसखी सर्वाङ्गभूषावृता। सौन्दर्येण समुज्ज्वलाङ्गवसना लावण्यलीलानिधिः। भूत्वा तत्र कदम्बभूरुहतले तस्थौ समुत्कण्ठया। चक्रे श्रीसहजेति नामजपनं कुर्वन्नृपेन्द्रात्मजः॥१७४॥
The king's son became an unfamiliar young companion, dark as a blue jewel, fully adorned, her garments and limbs radiant with beauty—a treasury of loveliness and play. Standing beneath a kadamba tree in intense longing, he repeated the name “Śrī Sahajā.” Colophon इति श्रीमदादिरामायणे ब्रह्मभुशुण्डसंवादे पूर्वखण्डे दशरथतीर्थयात्रायां व्रजागमने विंशाधिकशततमोऽध्यायः॥ १२० ॥ “Thus ends Chapter 120, concerning the coming to Vraja within Daśaratha's pilgrimage, in the Pūrva-khaṇḍa of the dialogue of Brahmā and Bhuśuṇḍi in the venerable Ādi Rāmāyaṇa.” Source control note Chapter 120 occupies registered source leaves 827–838 of the Pūrva-khaṇḍa volume (physical PDF pages 828–839). The printed numbering runs continuously from 1 through 146 and then jumps directly to 174; no passages numbered 147–173 appear between them. Passage 174 is one four-line final passage, immediately followed by the Chapter 120 colophon. The chapter therefore contains 147 presented passages. All twelve source pages were reviewed directly against the scan in batches of no more than two rendered pages, and the English is a fresh translation from the scan-controlled Sanskrit.